Civil Engin

What is a Waffle slabs?

What is a mat foundation?

What is a waffle pod concrete slab?

How thick is the slab of a house?

What is ribbed floor?

What is the difference between raft and footing?

What is the raft foundation?

What is a slab of concrete?

What is meant by suspended slab?

How thick is a concrete floor?

How thick is the foundation of a house?

What is a flat slab?

What is a flat plate slab?

What is footing in civil engineering?

What is a concrete raft slab?

What is a foundation pad?

What is a slab foundation?

What is a frost wall?

What is a concrete mud slab?

What is a slab in civil engineering?

How thick is the concrete in a garage floor?

How deep does the foundations need to be?

How deep are footers for a house?

What is a floating concrete slab foundation?

What is a suspended floor?

What is meant by one way slab?

What is a coffer slab?

What is a continuous footing?

What is a concrete strip footing?

What is a stem wall?

What is meant by punching shear?

What is a hollow core slab?

What is lift slab construction?

What is meant by PT slab?

What is a flat plate of the abdomen?

What is a flat plate collector?

What are the foundations of a building?

What is a foundation in engineering?

What is meant by footing in construction?

What is a spread foundation?

What is a waffle slab?

What is a mat foundation?

What is a waffle raft slab?

What is the use of pile foundation?

What is a slab on grade?

What is open foundation?

What is the difference between raft and footing?

What is the use of plinth beam?

How thick is a concrete foundation slab?

What does on a grade mean?

What does monolithic slab mean?

What is the meaning of slab on grade?

What is a slab of concrete?

What is the meaning of suspended slab?

What is span in civil engineering?

What is the meaning of suspended slab?

What is a beam and column?

How thick does a concrete slab need to be for a garage?

Can you put concrete on concrete?

How thick does a concrete floor need to be?

What is the raft foundation?

How deep does a footing need to be for a block wall?

What is a frost wall?

What is a floating foundation?

What is floating in concrete?

What is a suspended floor construction?

What is a footing in construction?

What is a pile mat?

What is Coffering used for?

What is a waffle slab?

What is a concrete strip footing?

What is a continuous footing?

What is a strip foundation used for?

What is the foundation wall?

How deep should the footing be?

What is punching shear in flat slabs?

What is two way shear?

What is hollow core plank?

What is meant by prestressed concrete?

What is slip form construction?

What is a tilt up?

What is post tensioning of concrete?

What is the function of a foundation?

What is the combined footing?

What is a ribbed slab?

What is a flat slab?

What is a spread footing?

What is a deep foundation?

What is a concrete strip footing?

What is a frost wall?

What is a suspended floor?

What is the single span bridge?

What is the slump in concrete?

What is a caisson pile?

What is a suspended floor?

What is a ribbed slab?

What is a strip foundation?

What is meant by punching shear?

What is a hollow core slab?

What is Slipform paver?

What is meant by shallow foundation?

What is a pier in construction?

What is the slump test?

What is the slump value of concrete?

Civil Engineering General Question and A
Waffle slabsare a reinforced concrete footing andslabsystem construc
and a series of narrow internal beams (strip footings) at one metre nom
andslabsystem is constructed on top of the ground.
A mat foundation, according to the Dictionary of Construction, is a continuousfo
The foundation is shallow and poured over reinforcing mats.

The Waffle Pod Slab System is a better way of building concrete slabs for new

Around the edge of the slab, the concrete forms a beam that is perhaps 2 feet d
gravel lies beneath the slab. A 4-millimeter sheet of plastic lies between the conc
Ribbed floors consisting of equally spaced ribs are usually supported directly b
as ribbed slab or a two-way ribbed system known as a waffle slab.
Raft foundation is a thick concrete slab reinforced with steel which covers the e
when the permissible soil pressure is low or where the columns and walls are so
other.
Raft foundations (sometimes known as Mat Foundations) are a large concrete
spread out under the entire building or at least a large part of it which lowers the
footings.

A concrete slab is a common structural element of modern buildings. Horizonta

(100 and 500 millimeters) thick, are most often used to construct floors and ceili

Suspended slabs are above-ground level slabs which are not directly in contac
storeys of houses, but can also be sat on top of pre-constructed walls to form a

A concrete floor should be about 4 inches thick if it is in a residential home or b

recommended thickness. A good quality concrete floor will have even thickness
Poured concrete foundation walls that are less than 8 feet tall and have soil outs
and function quite well. As soon as you go higher or have greater depths of soil
inches.
A flat slab is a two-way reinforced concrete slab that usually does not have bea
concrete columns. For more detailed definition: Flat Slab Floor System : Definit

The flat plate is a two-way reinforced concrete framing system utilizing a slab o
two-way reinforced structural system that includes either drop panels or column

The term footing is used in conjunction with shallow foundations commonly. Afo
under the base of a wall or a column for the purpose of distributing the load over

A raft slab is reinforced concrete slab that is strengthened with integral concret
houses and extensions, raft slabs in Australia are designed to comply with Aust
Pad foundations are generally shallow foundations, but can be deep dependi
spread foundation formed by rectangular, square, or sometimes circular concre
columns, groups of columns or framed structures.

Slab-on-grade foundation. As the name suggests, a slab is a single layer of co

form an integral footing; reinforcing rods strengthen the thickened edge. The sla

A frost wall is a type of wall that adds no structural integrity to the building, but
since most basements are made of nothing more than cement and brick, which
mud slab (plural mud slabs) (construction) A layer of concrete, typically 2 to 6 i
muddy soil.

Concrete slab, a very common and important structural element, are constructe
with top and bottom surfaces parallel or near so. The depth of a concrete slab fl
The form should have a slight slope (a couple of inches per 20 ft) so that water r
slope should be steeper if you have a sink or water heater in the garage. Step 5
inches thick.

The projection of the footing on either side of the wall is supposed to be no grea
least 12" below the finished grade line (surface of the ground). It may need to be
As you can see, heavy houses on weak soil need footings 2 feet wide or more.
as 7 or 8 inches. Under an 8-inch-thick wall, that's the same as saying you have

A concrete floating slab is a slab that is not anchored to the ground but instead
solid foundations for structures as sheds, garages, home additions, and even m
A suspended Floor is a specialist construction made of a solid concrete Floor,
timber floor.

1) One way slab is supported by beams in only 2 sides. 2) The ratio of longer s
L/B >= 2. 3) Main reinforcement is provided in only one direction for one way sl

A coffer (or coffering) in architecture, is a series of sunken panels in the shape o

A strip footing is a type of shallow foundation which is provided for the load be
closely spaced that their spread footing overlap or nearly touch each other. Stri
A wall footing or strip footing is a continuous strip of concrete that serves to s
component of a shallow foundation.
Basement Slab. Basics. The foundation is the part of the structure that contacts
are often constructed on pier foundations. There are four popular types of found
wall slab.

Punching shear is a type of failure of reinforced concrete slabs subjected to hig

points. The failure is due to shear: Piper's Row Car Park, Wolverhampton, UK, 1
Diagram of a concrete slab of hollow core construction. Photograph of a concr
core plank or simply a concrete plank is a precast slab of prestressed concrete
buildings.

Lift slab construction is a method of constructing concrete buildings by castin

(jacking) the slabup with hydraulic jacks, so being cheaper and faster as not req

Construction of post-tensioned slabs on grade is very similar to using reinforci

by the engineer and chaired to run through the center of the slab. For residentia
Flat plate of the abdomen, KUB, plain film of the abdomen. Common Use: To v
abnormality related to mass, trauma, bleeding, stones, or congenital anomaly. A

A typical flat-plate collector is a metal box with a glass or plastic cover (called g
sides and bottom of the collector are usually insulated to minimize heat loss.

A foundation (or, more commonly, foundations) is the element of an architectu

structure to the ground. Foundations are generally considered either shallow or

A foundation is the lowest part of the building structure. ... It is at the periphery
distinct focus on soil-structure interaction. It is also called as ground sill, which tr

Footings are an important part of foundation construction. They are typically m

excavated trench. The purpose of footings is to support the foundation and prev

Spread Footings. Square or rectangular shaped blocks of reinforced concrete th

bearing pressure on the soil determines the size of the spread footing.
Resembling the food after which they are named, concrete waffle slabs are rein
This form of construction is used in airports, parking garages, commercial and in
extra stability.

Mat Foundations. A mat foundation looks like it sounds. It is a mat of concre

shallow foundation. You may have heard it referred to as a slab foundation, a

Waffle raft slab construction is quite different from stiffened raft and footing sla
of polystyrene void forms. These are laid out on a levelled area. The constructio

Pile foundation systems[edit] Foundations relying on driven piles often have g

which the heads of the piles are embedded) to distribute loads which are larger

Slab-on-grade or floating slab foundations are a structural engineering practice

structure is formed from a mold set into the ground. The concrete is then placed
Open Foundation is a tertiary preparation program offered by the University of
some time, and who hope to study in an undergraduate degree program in the f
Raft foundation is a thick concrete slab reinforced with steel which covers the e
when the permissible soil pressure is low or where the columns and walls are so
other.
You can see here the beam is constructed at ground level. The void between th
masonary is usually constructed below the plinth beam. The plinth beam need
(RCC) all the time.
Around the edge of the slab, the concrete forms a beam that is perhaps 2 feet d
gravel lies beneath the slab.

In real estate, above grade means the portion of a home that is above the grou
example, 3 bedrooms above grade means 3 bedrooms that are not in a basem

Monolithic slabs are foundation systems constructed as one single concrete po

the slab under load bearing walls and all perimeter edges that take the place of

A slab-on-grade means no basement, no basement walls, just one slab of con

sites, which we will get into later, but for now let's assume you can build on one.

A concrete slab is common structural element of modern buildings. Horizontals

and 50 centimeters) thick, are most often used to construct floors and ceilings, w

Suspended slabs are above-ground level slabs which are not directly in contac
storeys of houses, but can also be sat on top of pre-constructed walls to form a

Span is the distance between two intermediate supports for a structure, e.g. a b
first kind is used for bridges, the second one for power lines, overhead telecomm

Suspended slabs are slabs that are not in direct contact with the ground. They
into two types: one way slabs which are supported on two sides. two way slabs
If you keep it horizontally it is called a Beam which carries the loads by bending
carries load by undergoing compression. If you keep it in an inclined fashion it is
forces.
The form should have a slight slope (a couple of inches per 20 ft) so that water r
slope should be steeper if you have a sink or water heater in the garage. Step 5
inches thick.
Yes, you can pour new concrete over top of the old, but here are some things
building, you need to be careful about cracks mirroring through around the perim
these areas.

A concrete floor should be about 4 inches thick if it is in a residential home or b

recommended thickness. A good quality concrete floor will have even thickness
Raft foundations (sometimes known as Mat Foundations) are a large concrete
spread out under the entire building or at least a large part of it which lowers the
footings.

The first step in building a block wall is pouring a concrete footing for the blocks
make it. For a foundation wall with 7 courses (rows) of block, the footing was 30

A frost wall is a type of wall that adds no structural integrity to the building, but
since most basements are made of nothing more than cement and brick, which

FLOATING FOUNDATION-: A floating foundation is the foundation of a build

earth and moves as the temperatures compact and expand the soil. It is also kn

A concrete float is a tool used to finish a concrete surface by making it smooth

addition to removing surface imperfections, floating will compact the concrete a

Suspended Timber Ground Floors consist of the finished timber floorboards bei
the foundation. These floor joists are raised above the subfloor on small suppor
Footings are an important part of foundation construction. They are typically m
excavated trench. The purpose of footings is to support the foundation and prev
soils.
A pile cap is a thick concrete mat that rests on concrete or timber piles that hav
foundation. It usually forms part of the foundation of a building, typically a multi-s

A coffer (or coffering) in architecture, is a series of sunken panels. in the shape

Resembling the food after which they are named, concrete waffle slabs are rein
This form of construction is used in airports, parking garages, commercial and in
extra stability.
A wall footing or strip footing is a continuous strip of concrete that serves to s
component of a shallow foundation.

A strip footing is a type of shallow foundation which is provided for the load be
closely spaced that their spread footing overlap or nearly touch each other. Stri

Deep Strip foundations are the least expensive and are used. when ground co
mesh, supports the walls. The trench depth is variable but in most cases should
minimum depth of 225mm.

If typical continuous concrete footings are used, they usually support a foundati
frost wall with earth on both sides. Foundation walls can be built of reinforced

The projection of the footing on either side of the wall is supposed to be no grea
least 12" below the finished grade line (surface of the ground). It may need to be
Punching shear is a type of failure of reinforced concrete slabs subjected to hi
points. The failure is due to shear.

However two way shear is punching shear and its effect is two way. It's also c
way shear. Pen tries to punch and hence two way shear is called punching sh

A hollow core slab, also known as a voided slab, hollow core plank or simply
used in the construction of floors in multi-story apartment buildings.
Prestressed concrete is a method for overcoming concrete's natural weaknes
longer span than is practical with ordinary reinforced concrete. It is often used i
Slip forming, continuous poured, continuously formed, or slipform constructio
continuously movingform. Slip forming is used for tall structures (such as bridge
roadways.

Tilt-up, tilt-slab or tilt-wall is a type of building and a construction technique usi

completion time, poor performance in earthquakes has mandated significant sei
Post tensioning is a technique for reinforcing concrete. ... Prestressing simpl
the concrete has to support the service loads. Most precast, prestressed concr
poured.

Foundation is the lower portion of the building usually located below ground lev
A foundationis therefore that part of the structure which is in direct contact with

It is used when the two column are so close to each other that their individualfoo
property line is so close to one column that a spread footing would be eccentric

They provide a very good form of construction where slab vibration is an issue,
band beams running between columns with narrow ribs spanning the orthogona
A flat slab is a two-way reinforced concrete slab that usually does not have bea
concrete columns.

role in building foundations. in soil mechanics. ... Spread foundations may be ei

beneath the load-bearing beams or walls), mat (consisting of slabs, usually of re
A deep foundation is a type of foundation which transfers building loads to the
a subsurface layer or a range of depths. A pile is a vertical structural element of
site.
A wall footing or strip footing is a continuous strip of concrete that serves to s
component of a shallow foundation.
A frost wall is a type of wall that adds no structural integrity to the building, but
since most basements are made of nothing more than cement and brick, which
A suspended concrete floor is a floor slab where its perimeter is, or at least tw
carry its self weight and imposed loading. The floor spans between supports an
design used.
A 'span' in engineering parlance means 'the gap between two supports' This bri
either end.

The concrete slump test measures the consistency of fresh concrete before it
and therefore the ease with which concrete flows. It can also be used as an ind

A pile machine in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Also called caissons, drilled sh

Situ piles, a borehole is drilled into the ground, then concrete (and often some s
A suspended Floor is a specialist construction made of a solid concrete Floor,
timber floor.

They provide a very good form of construction where slab vibration is an issue,
band beams running between columns with narrow ribs spanning the orthogona

Strip foundations are used where the soil is of good bearing capacity. The key
timber frame cavity wall construction are similar. ... The depth of a strip foundat
Punching shear is a type of failure of reinforced concrete slabs subjected to hig
points. The failure is due to shear.
Diagram of a concrete slab of hollow core construction. Photograph of a concr
core plank or simply a concrete plank is a precast slab of prestressed concrete
buildings.
Slipform paving is defined as a process used to consolidate, form into geometr
continuously through and surrounding the plastic concrete mass.
A shallow foundation is a type of foundation which transfers building loads to
range of depths as does a deep foundation.
Pier, in building construction, vertical loadbearing member such as an interme
large buildings,piers are usually cylindrical concrete shafts, cast in prepared hol
position.

The slump test is a means of assessing the consistency of fresh concrete. It is

has been added to the mix. The test is carried out in accordance with BS EN 12

Very dry mixes; having slump 0 25 mm are used in road making, low workabili
reinforcement, medium workability mixes; 50 - 90 for normal reinforced concrete