1.What are the 3 levels of communication according to Buber ?

a) I communication
b) You-communication
c) Thou communication
2.What are the feature of interpersonal communication ?
a)selective
b)systemic
c)process that allows people to reflect and build personal knowledge of one to another
d).create shared meaning.
3.What are the two types of meaning creating ?
1.Content meaning
2.relationship meaning.
4.Traditionally speaking, what are the models of interpersonal communication ?
4.1 Linear
4.2 Interactive
4.3 Transaction Models
5.What are the 8 principles of interpersonal communication ?
1.We cannot not communicate
2.Interpersonal c. is irreversible
3.Interpersonal c. involve ethical choices
4.People construct meaning in interpersonal communication.
5.Metacommunication affect meaning.
6.Interpersonal c. is not a Panacea
7.Interpersonal c. effectiveness can be learned.
8.Interpersonal c. develops and sustain relationship.
6.How can you improve your interpersonal communication competence ?
By communicating effectively, appropriately, and ethically.
7.What is the Self ?
Self is a multidimensional process of internalizing and acting from social perspective.
8.The self arises in communication with others ,we distinguish two types of others :
1.particular others
2.generalized others
9.How do we particular others communicate their view of us ?
a) direct definition
b)Reflected Appraisal
c)Identity Scripts ,
d)Attachment Style.
10.What does the term self- fulfilling prophecies reflect to ?
Occur when we internalize others experations or judgment about us and then behave in ways
that are consistent with those expectations and judgments.

11.What are the 4 attachment style, Describe them :

 Posi Negat
tive ive
Posit Secure Is
facilitat
Anxious/Am
bivalent
Is
fostered
ive ed by
when inconsist
the ent
caregiv treatme
er nt from
respond the
s in a caregive
consist r.
ently
attentiv
e way
to the
child

Neg Dismissi
ve
Is
promot
Fearful Is
cultivate
ative ed by d when 12.How do people (we) learn their (our) cultures
caregiv the
er who caregive
values ?
are r in the We learn them by three ways :
disinter first We learn as we interact with others who have
ested in bond is
or unavaila
internalized cultural values
unavail ble or 2.We learn broadly shared social perspective by
able to commun participating in institutions that embody cultural V.
child. icates in
negative 3.We learn our cultural values through media,
ways to traditional media, newspapers, social media.
the
13.What are the aspects of identity emphasized
child
by culture.
Race
Gander
Sexual orientation
Socioeconomic Class
14.What is impression management ?
Impression management is how we use communication in an effort to persuade others to believe
in the face we present.
15.What can you do to Enrich the self ?
1Make a Firm Commitment to personal growth
2 Gain and Use knowledge to support personal growth
3.Self-Disclose when appropriate.
4.Set Goals that are realistic and fair
5.Seek contexts that support personal change.
16.What is perception ?
Is the active process of creating meaning .
17.What are the 3 processes than consist perception ?
Selecting, Organizing, Interpreting people
18.What is selection ?
We cant attend to everything in our environment so we focus on what we decide is relevant to
us, in any given moment .
19.What influence our selection?
What we select to notice is also influenced by who we are and what is going on with us.
20.According to Constructivism how do we organize and interpret experience ?
By applying cognitive structures called Schemata.
21.What are the 4 schemata that we use to interpret?
1. Prototypes 3. Stereotypes
 2. Personal construct 4.Scripts.
22.What does the 4 cognitive schemata reflect ?

23.Explain the 4 schemata .

Prototypes :The most representative example if a category.
Personal construct :A bipolar, mental yardstick we use to measure people and situation
Stereotypes: A predictive generalization about individuals and situation based on the category
which we place them
Script : A guide to action in particular situation.
24.What is interpretation ?
Is the subjective process of explaining our perception ways that makes sense to us.
25.What do we use to interpret the meaning of another action ?
To interpret the meaning of another action we construct explanations, or attributions for them .
26.What are the attributions?
Is an explanation of why something happened or why someone acts a certain way.
27.What are the 4 dimensions of attributions ?
Locus Internal External
Stability Stable-Unstable
Specificity Specific Global
Responsibility Within personal control Beyond personal control.
28.What are the two most common Atrributional Errors?
Self serving bias
Fundamental attribution error
29.What influence perception ?
Physiology , Expections ,Age ,Culture , Cognitive abilities, Self.
30. How can you improve perception and communication ?
1.Recognise that all perception are partial and Subjective
2.Avoid mind reading .
3.Check perception with others.
4.Distinguish between facts and inferences.
5.Guard against the self serving bias.
6.Guard against the fundamental attribution error
7.Monitor labels
31.What are words ?
Words are symbols which are arbitrary ,ambiguous, abstract representation of other
phenomena.
32.What are the 4 principles of verbal communication?
1.Language and culture reflect each other
2.The meaning of language are subjective
3.Language use is rule-guided
4.Pinctuation shapes meaning.
33.What are communication rules.?
Communication rules are shared understanding of that communication mean.
34.Name the 2 types of communication rules?
Regulative rule and Constructive Rules
35.Philosophers of language have identified five ways that symbolic abilities affect our
lives. List 5:
1.Language define Phenomena
2.Language evaluates
3.Language Organizes Perceptions
4.Language allows hypothetical thought
5.Language allows self reflection
36.What is the difference between totalizing and stereotyping ?
37.What is speech community ?
Is when people share norms about how to use talk and purpose it serves.
38.Define nonverbal communication?
Is all aspects of communication other than words.
39.What are the similarities between verbal and nonverbal communication ?
They are symbolic ,rule guided, they may be intentional or unintentional ,it reflects culture
40.What are the differences between verbal and nonverbal communication ?
1.Nonverbal communication tend to be perceived as more believable
2.Nonverbal com. Is multichannaled
3.Nonverbal com. Is continuous.
41.Four principles of nonverbal communication ?
1.Nonverbal communication may supplement or replace verbal communication
2.Nonverbal communication may regulate interaction
3.Nonverbal communication often establishes relationship level meaning
4.Nonverbal communication effects and expresses cultural values.
42.Nonverbal communication can convert 3 dimensions of relationship levels meaning
.List them
Liking
Power
Responsiveness
43.There are 9 types of nonverbal communication/behavior that use each to establish
relationship,regulate interaction and express personal and cultural identity. Name at
least 3 :
1.Kinesics 2.Haptics
3.Artifacts
44.Define Kinesics :
Refers to body position and body motions ,including those of the face.
45.Define Haptics:
Is the sense of touch.
46. Define Artefacs :
Are personal objects we use to announce our identities and heritage and to personalize our
environments.
47.Define proxemics :
Refers to space and how we use it .
48.Define Chronemics :
Refers to how we perceive and use time.
49.How can you improve nonverbal communication?
a)Monitor your nonverbal communication.
b)Interpret others nonverbal communication tentatively.
50.What is the difference between listening and hearing ?
Listening has psychological and cognitive dimensions that hearing does not.
51.What is paralanguage ?
Is the communication that is vocal but does not use words.
52.Define listening ?
Listening is a complex process that involves far more than our ears.
53.Dedine mindfulness !
The first step in listening is to make a decision to be mindfulness, Mindfulness is being fully
present in the moment.
54.There are two broad types of barriers to mindful listening. Name them:
Obstacles in communication situation, and Obstacles in the communicators.
55.Many barriers to mindful listening are present in communication situation. List them
1.Message Overload
2.Internal Obstacles
56.In addition to external obstacies ,five barriers inside us can hinder listening. List
them
Preoccupation, Prejudgment, Reacting to emotionally loaded language, Lack of effort,
and not recognizing or adapting to diverse listening styles.
57.There are 6 forms of nonlistening. List them
1.Pseudolistening
2.Monopolizing
3.Selective listening
4.Defensive listening
5.Ambushing
6.Literal listening.
58.Define psedolisting !
Pseofelisting is pretending to listen.
59.Define monopolizing!
Is continuously focusing communication on ourselves instead of listening to the person who is
talking.
60.Define selective listening!
Involves particular parts of communication
61.Dedine defensive listening!
Preceiving personal attacks,criticism,or hostility in communication that is not critical or mean-
spirited.
62.Define ambushing!
Is listening carefully for the purpose of attacking a speaker.
63.Define literal listening !
Involves listening only for content and ignoring the relationship level of meaning.
64.The first requirement for listening effectively is to determine your reason for
listening. We listen differently for 3 reasons :
When we listen for pleasure, to gain information, and to support others.

65.Three guidelines foster effective listening . List them

1.Be mindful
2.Adapt listening appropriately
3.Listening actively.