Chemistry 11HL Unit 5 / IB Topic 5.

Energetics Cycle 1 Practice Problems

Endothermic and Exothermic Reactions

1. Classify these reactions as exothermic or endothermic. Be able to give a reason for your
answer.
a) 2H2(g) + O2(g) 2H2O(l) H = - 285.6 kJ
b) Sn(s) + Cl2(g) SnCl2(s) + 325.1 kJ
c) H2O(l) + 6.0 kJ H2O(g)
d) N2(g) + 2H2O(g) N2H4(l) + O2(g) H = 534.2 kJ
e) C(s) + O2(g) + 393.5 kJ CO2(g)

2. When magnesium is added to dilute sulfuric acid, the temperature of the acid rises.

a) Is the reaction endothermic or exothermic?

b) Draw an enthalpy diagram for this reaction.

c) Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction, showing an energy term. (You
do not have the exact value right now, so just include the word energy.)

d) What is the sign of the enthalpy change for this reaction?

e) Explain what the enthalpy change implies about the chemical potential
energy of the reactants and products.

3. Which statements about exothermic reactions are correct?

I. They have negative H values.
II. The products have a lower enthalpy than the reactants.
III. The products are more energetically stable than the reactants.

A. I and II only B. I and III only C. II and III only D. I, II and III
Chemistry 11HL Unit 5 / IB Topic 5.1

4. When the solids Ba(OH)2 and NH4SCN are mixed, a solution is produced and the
temperature drops.

Ba(OH)2(s) + 2NH4SCN(s) Ba(SCN)2(aq) + 2NH3(g) + 2H2O(l)

Which statement about the energetics of this reaction is correct?

A. The reaction is endothermic and H is negative.
B. The reaction is endothermic and H is positive.
C. The reaction is exothermic and H is negative.
D. The reaction is exothermic and H is positive.

5. Given this enthalpy diagram:

Which statement is CORRECT?

HINT: Substances are more stable at low energy.

Stability of reactants and products Type of reaction

A. Products are more stable than reactants. endothermic
B. Products are more stable than reactants. exothermic
C. Reactants are more stable than products. endothermic
D. Reactants are more stable than products. exothermic

6. The combustion of 1 mole of liquid benzene (C6H6) in oxygen liberates 3.268 x 103 kJ of
heat. The products of the reaction are carbon dioxide and water.

a) Is the reaction exothermic or endothermic?

b) Write the thermochemical equation for this reaction.

c) Draw an enthalpy diagram for this reaction.

d) EXTEND YOUR UNDERSTANDING: Calculate the amount of heat evolved when 10.0 g of
benzene are burned.

Step 1: Find the moles of benzene.

Chemistry 11HL Unit 5 / IB Topic 5.1

Step 2: Use mole value and the energy value from the thermochemical equation as a
conversion factor to find the energy released when 10.0 g of benzene are burned.

e) EXTEND YOUR UNDERSTANDING: What mass of benzene must be burned to release

2.0 MJ of heat?

Step 1: Use mole value and the energy value from the thermochemical equation as a
conversion factor to find the moles of benzene needed to release when 2.0 MJ of energy.
HINT: Convert MJ first to the same energy units that are in the question!

Step 2: Find the mass of benzene.

7. EXTEND YOUR UNDERSTANDING:

The decomposition of 146 g of gaseous HCl into hydrogen and chlorine gases requires
370 kJ of heat.

a) Write the thermochemical equation for this reaction.

Step 1: Write the balanced chemical equation.

Step 2: Find the moles of HCl used in the reaction.

Step 3: Find the energy required to react the number of moles of HCl in the balanced
equation.

Step 4: Write the balanced THERMOCHEMICAL EQUATION.

b) Calculate the amount of heat required for the decomposition of 1.00 kg of HCl.
Chemistry 11HL Unit 5 / IB Topic 5.1

8. EXTEND YOUR UNDERSTANDING

The enthalpy change for the vaporization of methanol (CH3OH) at 298 K is 37.43 kJ/mol.
What quantity of heat energy must be used to vaporize 25.0 g of methanol at this
temperature?