1

. .

GGGP

*

-
1987
 V

2 2 .1
34
51 (075.3)

. :
. . 1/ . ., . ., . .,
. . .; . . . .'^3- ., -
, .: . . . .-. ., 1987.464 .

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.

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, .
2- 1981 .
.

. .

5) .

-
, 1981;
, 1987

............................................................................................. 9

1.
.
........................ 11
1. ...................................................... .... 11
1. . (11). 2.
(12). 3. (13).
4. . (13).
................................................................ 14
1.1 1.20 ...................................... ......................... 14
2. ............................ .......................................... 16
1. (16). 2.
(16). 3.
(17). 4.
(19).
............................................................... 24
1.21 1 . 3 2 ............................................................... 24
3. ........................................................... . . 25
1. (25). 2.
(26). 3.
(27). 4.
(31)..
............................................................... S3
1.33 1.43 ............................................................... 33
4. . 34
1. .
.
(34). 2. .
(36). 3.
(39).
.............................................................. 41
1.44 1.51 ......................................... 42
5. .
1. (42). 2.
(44). 3. (45). 4. .
(47). 5.
(50). 6. (51).
.............................................................. 52
1.52 1.60 ............................................................... 52
 6. . . . . 52
(52). 2.

(53). 3.
(55). 4.
(57).
............................................................... 60
1.61 1 . 7 2 ............................................................... 60

2*.
........................................................................... 62
7. ,
1. (62). 2. ,
(63). 3.
(64).
........................................................... 65
2.1 2 . 7 ................................................................... 66
8. ......................................... 67
1. (67). 2.
(69).
............................................................... 70
2.8 2.12 ............................................................... 70
9. .............. 70
1. (70). 2.
(72). 3.
(73).
............................................................... 75
2.13 2 . 1 9 ............................................................... 75

3. . . . 77
10. ....................................... 77
1. (77). 2.
( ) (78). 3.
(81).
...................................................... 86
3.1 3 . 6 .......................................................... 86
11.
. . . . ........... . 88
1.
(88). 2.

(92). 3. (94). 4.
(96).
.............................................. . . . . 98
3.7 3 . 1 8 ...................................................... 99
12. ....... 100
1. (100). 2.
(102).
....................................................... 104
3.19 3 . 2 5 ....................................................... 104
13*. :: 105
1.
. (105). 2.
(111).
4
 ............................................................... 115
3.26 3.32 .......................................... .... 116
14. ...................................... 117
1. (117). 2.
. (119). 3.
(121). 4.
(123). 5. (124).
............................................................... 128
3.33 3.38 ........................................................... 128
15. . . . . 129
3.39 3.41 ..................... '..................................... 132

4. . .
................................................................................ 134
16. ............................................................................................. 134
1. (134). 2.
(135). 3. (135). 4.
(135). 5. ,
(137). 6. (139). 7.
(140). 8. (142).
............................................................... 143
4 .1 4.13 ...................................... ......................... 144
17. ............................................. ......................... 146
I. (146). 2.
(149). 3.
(151).
............................. .............................. 153
4.14 4 . 2 8 ............................................................... 154
18. ...................................................... 156
1. .
(156). 2.
(159).
3.
(160). 4.
(161J. 5. .

(161). 6.
(164). 7. .

(167). 8.
(169). 9.
(170). 10.
(172).
............................................................... 174
4.29 4.39 ............................................................... 174
19. ......................................................................................... 176
1. (176).1 2.
(178). 3. (178).
4. (181). 5.
> . (182).
.......................................... ..................... 185
4.40 4.47 ............................................................... 186
20. . . . ................................................................ 187
1. (187). 2.
(189). 3. (190).
5
 4. (191). 5.
(191).
.......................... 194
4.48 4.49 . . . ................................................... 194

5. . . .......................... 196
2 1 . ................................................................... 196
1. (196). 2.
(198). 3.
(199). 4. (201). 5.
(202). 6.

(203).
............................................................... 204
5.1 5 . 1 6 ............................................................... 205
22. , 208
1. (208). 2.
(210). 3. (213).
............................................................... 215
5.17 5 . 2 7 ............................................................... 215
23. 216
1. (216). 2.
(219). 3.
(222).
5.28 5.36 ............................................................... 225
24. . . . 227
1. (227). 2. ,
, (230).
3. , ,
(233). 4.
(235).
............................................................... 238
5.37 5.50 . . . . ' .......................................... 238
5. , . . . . 239
1.
(239). 2. (242). 3.

(244). 4.
,
(247). 5*. a sin cos (249).
............................................................... 249
5.51 5.94 . ........................................................... 250
20. , ......................... 255
1. (255).
2. ( i/ = sin * = & (256).
3. y \ g x y c t g x (259).
4. (260).
...................................... ..................... 263
5 . 9 5 ........................................................................... 263
27. ............................. 264
1. (264). 3.
(265). 3.
(267).
............................................................... 270
5.96 5.105 .............................................. . . 270
6
 28. .............................................. 271
1. (271).
2. (276).
5.106 5:116 ............................................... 283

6. ................................................................ 286
29. .................................................................................... 286
1. , (286).
2. (289). 3.
(291). 4.
(292).
....................................................... 294
6 .1 6 . 6 ........................................................... 294
30. , ,
............................................................................................. 294
1. (294). 2.
(295). 3.
(296).
.................................. ..........................
6.7 6.12 ............................................................... 297
31. ............. 298
1. (298). 2. 298
(299). 3*. (300).
....................................................... 301
6.13 6 . 1 5 ...................................... ................. 301
32. . . . . 301
1*. , (301). 2.
(302). 3.
(304). 4.
(305). 5. (307). 6.
(308). 7. (308).
8. (309). 9.
(309). 10. (310). 11.
(311). 12.
(312). 13. '(313). 14.
(314).
................................................................ 315
6.16 6 . 5 2 ................................................................ 315
33. ......................................... ........................... 318
1. (318). 2.
(319). 3. *
(320).
............................................................... 322
6.53 6.55 ............................................................... 322

7. ............................... 323
34. ............................................. 323
1. (323).
2. (324). 3.
(325).
.................................. . . . . 328
7 .1 7 . 8 ..................................................................... 328
35. . . . . . 329
1. (329). 2.
(329). 3.
7
 (330). 4.
() (331).
.............................................. .... . . . 331
7.9 7 . 1 9 ............................................................... 332
36.
................................................................... 332
1.
(332). 2. (333). 3.
(334). 4.
(335).
............................................................... 336
7.20 . . ' ............................................................... . 336
37. - ....................................... 337
1. (337). 2.
(338). 3.
(339). 4.
(340).
............................................................... 342
7 . 2 1 ............................................................................. 342
38. .............................................. 342
1. (342). 2.
(344).
3. (345). 4.
(347).
................. ...................................... 350
7.22 7.23 ..................................-........................... 351
39. ............................................. 351
1. (351). 2.
(354).
7.24 7.25 ................................................................ 360
40. ............................. 360
7.26 7.40 ................................................................ 363

8. ............................. 365
41. ......................... 365
1. (365). 2.
(367). 3.
(368).
............................................................... 370
42. .............................................................. 370
1, (370). 2.
(
) (373). 3*. (380).
8 .1 8.21 ................................................... 384

9. .................................. 389
43. .......................................... 389
................................................................ 393
9 .1 9 . 2 ............................................................... .... 393
44. .............................................................. 393
1. (393). 2*. -
(396). 3.
(396). 4.
(398). 5.
8
 (399). 6.
(400).
................. . . . ................................. 402
9.3-9 . 5 .................................................................... 402
45. ................. 403
1. (403). 2.
(409).
3*.
(413).
. ............................................................... 415
9 .6 9 . 1 6 .......................................... ..................... 415
46.
.................................................................................................. 417
1. (417). 2.
(418).
9.17 9 . 2 3 ....................................................... . 422

10. 424
47.
. . . -......................................................... 424
10.1 1 0 . 8 ................................................................. 428
48.
......................................................................................... 429
1. (429). 2.
(431). 3. (433).
10.9 10.26 ........................................................... 436

...................................................................................................... 437

,
, 1985
,
8
.


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1. . . -
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= {1; 2; 3}.

{1}, {2}, {3}, {1; 2}, {1; 3}, {2; 3}, {1; 2; 3}, 0 .
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2. .
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CD (. 2)

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= A U ( U ).
, CD
AD (. . 2),
{1; 2; 3} U {4; 5} = {1; 2; 3; 4; 5}.
(. .
\_= 0 ) ,
.
,
{1; 2; 3} {3; 4} = {1; 2; 3; 4}.
4. . .
. ,
,
,
\ (. 3).
,
= {1; 2; 3; 4}, = {1; 2},
\ = {3; 4};
= {1; 2; 3}, {3; 4; 5; 6},
\ = {1; 2};
= {1; 2; 5}, = {3; 4}, \ = { 1 ; 2; 5};
= {1; 2}, = {1; 2; 3}, \ = 0 .
13
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1. ?
2. ?
3. ?
4. ?
5. ?
6. ?
7. ?
8. ?
9. ?
10. \
?

1.1.
(*? 1) (2. + 5 + 6) = 0.
1.2. ,
< 5.
1.3.
+ 4+ 3 1 = 0.

1; 1; - - ; ?

14
 1.4. = { 3 ; 4; 5}.
1.5. ,
1) ;
2) ;
3) ;
4) ;
5) ?
1.6. [\ ,
1) <4 = {3; 4; 5}, = {3; 5; 6};
2) = {0; 1;7; 8}, = {7; 0; 6; 9};
3) = { 1 ;.3 ; 5; 7}, = {2; 4; 6; 8};
4) /4 = { 1 ; 2; 3}, = { - 1 ; 0; 1; 2; 3}.
1.7. 26-\-3-^- = 0.
= { 1 ; 2; 3},
= {0; 1; 1}, = {2; - 1 ; 1}.
1.8. [] , . 1.6.
1.9. \ \ ,
. 1.6.
1.10. \ , \ , , , ,
. 1 7.
1.11. \ 4 , \ ^ , \ ,
. 1.10.
1.12. ,
1) = {1; 2; 3}, = {0; 1; 2; 3; 5};

2) = {1, 2; 3}, B = j i ; : 1; 2; 3; 4 } :
3) ={0; 1}, = {1; 0; 1; 2}.
1.13. {] , (] , \ , ?
1.14. (} , A f] , A \J , (] , (J ,
,
= { 4; - 3 ; - 2 ; - 1 ; 0; 1; 2},
= {4; 3; 2; 1; 0; 1; 2},
= {4; 3; 2; 1; 0; 1; 2; 3; 4}.
1.15. U f] , , ,
. 1.14.
1.16. JV , Z
, , , . 1.14.
, Z , U N Z , ( ) .
1.17. N , Z
,Q , R
. ?
1.18.
M = { x Q |2 * = 3}, E = { x N \ x 3 < 5 } .
1.19. F 1 , F a
, 3 , f 4
.
2, 2 3, 2 Fi , 2 ) Fv
1.20.
(A U ) = ( Q U ( Q ,
( ) U = ( U ) ( U ).
15
 2 .

1. .

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1, 2, 3, . . .
, . .
:
?. , ,
, ,
, 8 . .

(
), , 0 () .
N = {1;
2; 3; . . . } 0,
Z n = {0; 1; 2; 3; . . . } .

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,
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+ 6 6. 6 6
: 6
6, 6 6.
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2. . ,
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16

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:

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1 - 1 - 1 _ 1 = _
3 6 ~ 9 2 ~ 10 '

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(,
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.
3.
.
10,
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_3 123
= 0,3; | = 2,3; = 1,23;
10 100

L
,0 - 0 ,/,
7 = 1 ,7 .

, . I 17
,
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, 2 5.
1.
:
0,2; 0,25; 1,4.

:
, 2 5,

.
2 5,

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2.
:
3_ _6 _7
50 25 20

2 5:

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, 2 5,

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18
 ,
1 = 0 ,3 3 3 ...; = - 0 ,3 3 3 ,..,

, 3
. ,
4 = 0 ,5 5 5 ... ; _1 = - 0 ,5 5 5 ...

0 , 3 3 3 . . . ; 0 , 3 3 3 . . . ; 0 , 5 5 5 . . . ;
0 ,5 5 5 ... .
,
:
0,. . . ,

0 , alt , 3, . . .
0,. 1, 2 ................ 9.
4.
.
, ,
, .
,
0 ,3 3 3 ...; 0 ,3 3 3 ...;
1 ,2 4 4 4 ...; 2 ,5 1 5 1 ...

.
3,125787878___

, 7, 8
,
.

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0 ,3 3 3 ... 0,(3):
0 ,3 3 3 ... = 0 ,(3 ).
,
0 , 3 3 3 . . . = 0,(3);
3,125787878. .. = 3,1 2 5 (7 8 ).
,, ,
. 0,(3); 0,(3);
3,125(78) :
, ,
19
,
.
1.

.
,
0,(45),

5 11:
-5 111
44 0,45
60
55
5

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. Yf = 0 ,4 5 4 5 ... = 0 ,(4 5 ), . .
45 .

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0, 1,
2. . . . , 1,

. ,

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.

,
, ,
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0,25 = 0,25000 . . . = 0 ,2 5 (0 );
1,2 = 1 ,2 0 0 0 ... = 1,2(0).

,
. ,
1 5 = 15,000. . . = 15,(0); 6 = 6,000. . . = 6,(0).
20
 , 1
:
.
:

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.
,

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1. ,
0,(7).

10,
.
0,(7)-10 = 7,(7).
7
0,(7):
7,(7) = 7 + 0,(7).
.

10 = 7 + ,
7
, = - .
,

= 0,(7).

2. ,
1,2(3).

0,2(3).

10* = 2,(3),
100: = 23,(3).
,

90: = 23 2,
23 2 21 7
X 90 ~ 90 30
37
, 1,2(3) = 1 + =
21
 ,

1 -1 ,2 (3 ).

3. ,
0,12(34). *
*:
= 0,12(34).

100: = 12,(34),
10 000 = 1234,(34).
,

9900: = 1234 12,
1234 12 1 222 611
9 900 9 900 4 9 5 0 '

^ 5- , 12(34).
4. ,
0,2(9).
:
= 0,2(9).

10* = 2,(9),
100* = 29,(9),

90* = 2 9 2,
2 9 -2 27 3
90 9 0 10
,
0,2(9) = 0,3.
,
9
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9.


9.
22

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,( . . .)
, :
1) , , :
= 0 ,(0^ . . .);
2) 10", ,
:
\0 nx a i . . . a n,(rxi
3) :
I 0nx x = a 1. . . . "v
:
(10" 1)* = ! ..

1
, 0 , ( * . .. )
,
* . . , , 10" 1,
.

0,Pi - Pm(i <*)
, :
1) \
x = 0 ,P i.. .p m( a i . . . a);
2) 10m,
, :
10m-x = P i . . -PM,(ai- - a J ;
3) 10",
:

10 +- = 1. . . Pma t . . -an,(at . . .a);

23
 4) :
1 0 - + . _ - . = 1. . . . - f c . . . .

\
1 0 ( 1 0 " - 1 ) * = 1. . . , 1 . . . , - 1. . . , ,

__ P i ?>&1 & Pi /
10 (10 1)
,
0 ,p j. . .pm( a x .. .) ,

Pi / 1 Pi ,.

10 (10" 1), m
. , .

1. ?
2. ?
3. ?
4. ?
5.
?
6. ?
7. ?
8.
?
9. ?
10.
?
11. ?
12.
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1.21. 20 40, 3.
1.22. 10 30.
1.23. ,
?
1.24. , ,
I I | < 4.
 1.25. ;
1 * + + 1 . 3 + 2
' * ? - * + ! 1 *2+1
2; = - ^ - \ = 0,3.
1.26. 5 % , 10% , 125% 240.
1.7. , - 15,
1) = 1 5 ; 2) = 25; 3) = 1 2 5 .
1.28.
;
_1_ 17 20 27
7 1 3 2 0 17 125
1.29. -
:
1 4 3 2 13
9 9 60 ' 3 50 1
7 11 13 13 11
3 0 3 6 0 11 13 *
1.30. *
;
1) 0,(51); 1,(13); 0,(25); 2,(125); 0,(113);
2) 0,3(51); 2,1(23); 0,2(125); 1,31(12); 1,25(13).
1.31. :
1) = 0,(3), 6 = 1,(7);
2) = 1,(21)! 6 = 0,(5);
3) = 1,(2), & = 1,0(4).
1.32. ,
. 1.31.

3.

1. .

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9
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. , = 2 6 + 1 (. .
), = (42 + 4k) + 1 ,
(4&2 + 4 k) .
, . . m = 2k,
42 = 2 \ n 2= 2 k \

. . 2 , , .
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,-
2.
, 2 .
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1 / 2 = 1,41 4 2 1 3 5 6 ...
,
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= 3 ,1 4 1 5 9 ...
2. .
( )
0,12. . , +1. . .
= 0, 1 2. . . - .
26
 :
= 0, . . . y = ba,b1b2bs . . .

(,
9).
, ,
.
/'
.
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' , , , .
, (
), , > .
> < .
,
1.467. . . < 2 , 4 5 8 . , 1 < 2 ( = 0);
1.467. . . < 1,476. . . , 1,46 < 1,47 ( 2);
2 ,4 7 9 3 ... < 2,4737, 2,479 < 2,473
( = 3).
, ,
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(,
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.
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+ +
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X
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= ^,^^ . . ^ \ . . %
= , . . , -
10_,
' a,aj,a2. . . + - -
10- .
27
 , 3 = 1 ,7 3 2 1 ...
1; 1,7; 1,73; 1,732; 1,7321

1, 0,1, 0,01,
0,001, 0,0001,
2; 1,8; 1,74; 1,733; 1,7322

1, 0,1 . .
, -
-
.

x*= a0,a1at . . . a nan+i ' . . . , 0> 0,
-
:
1
= @ [

Xfi ==s ,2 #2 * ^ '

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28

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+ 2 4,55.

.

3 ,1 4 < < 3 ,1 5 ,
1,41 < / 2 < 1,42.

,
4,55 < + / 2 < 4 , 5 7 .

,
0 < ( + 2 ) 4 ,5 5 < 4 , 57 4,55 = 0,02,
0 ^ 4,57 ( + V % < 4 ,5 7 4,55 = 0,02.

,
+ 2 4 ,5 5 + ^ 2 ^ 4 , 5 7

0,02. , 4,55 < + 1/2,

4,57 > - V 2 , , 4,55
(), 4 ,5 7
() + J/"2
0,02.
,
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+ 2

. ,
+ V~2 4,56

0,01,
| + J /2 4 ,5 6 1 < 0,01.

+ 2 = 4,56 0,01.
2. ,
V 2
.
29
 & ,
V 2 1,73.

.
3,14 1 , 4 2 < 2 < 3 , 1 5 1,41,
1 ,7 2 < / 2 < 1 , 7 4 ,
, ,
] / 2 = 1,73 0 ,0 1 ,
. . V 2 & 1,73 0,01.
3. 1,
2
.

3 ,1 4 < < 3 ,1 5 ,
1,41 1,42,
_
3,14.1,41 < 5 " < 3 , 15-1,42.
,
4,4274 < j / " 2 < 4,5130.

, 4,4274
, _ 4 ,5 130
\ 2.

,
.
4,42 < 1^2 < 4,52.
,
V 2 4,47
0,05, . .
J /2 = 4,47 0 ,0 5 .
(
.)
4. 1,
=
.
30

3,14 3,15
. 1 ,4 2 ^ 2 ^ 1,41

,

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2,211 < ^ < 2 , 2 3 5 ,

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= 2 ,2 2 3 + 0,012
2

- ^ = 2,22 0 ,0 2 .
1^2

4. .
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(. 5).

_______ ____ --------------- ----- >-
1
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, ^ < ,
33
 [; b).

>
(; + }.
[; + ), ( ; ),
( ; ].
R
( ; + ).

1. ?
2. ?
3.
?
4. ?
5. -
?
6. ?
7. , ,
* ?
8. -
10 "?
9. -
10-?
10.
?
11. ?
12. ?
13. ?
14. ?
15. ?
16. ?
17. ?
18. ?

1.33. , *2 = 3
. _
1.34. , 5
, .
.
1.35. :
1) 2,39748 . . . 2,39784 . . .; 2) 2,3874 . . . 0,3874 . . . ;
3) 1,2030 . . . 1,2003 . . . ; 4) 4,8181 . . . 4,1881
5) 17, . .
I ; .
2 , . -c^ v .
 7) 10,003 . . . 10,030 8) 0,026 . . . 0,062
1.36. , :
*3+ 1 . 2)/ 4+ 1
3 2.-\-2
* = 0,13; = -~ - ; * = 0,(3); 2 ; = .

1.37. 0,01
:
1) 0,37893; 2) 1,4978; 3) 4,5678; 4) 3,7326;
5) 5; 6) - > ; 7) / ' ; 8) - ] 7 ;
9) j - , 10) ~ | ; 11) ; 12) _ .

1.38. , 1,4142 1,4143

2
0,0001.
1.39. , 1,7322 1,7321
3
0,0001.
1.40. , 0,01
:
1) 2 3; 2) 5 0,(15);
3) >; 4) 1,1(2).
1.41. , 0,01
, . 1.40.
1.42.
; :
1) 2,3934 . . . 2,3443 . . . ; 2) 15,55 . . . 15 ;
3) 1,001 . . . 1,010 . . . ; 4) 0 1,56 . . . ;
5) 2,34 . . . 3,345 . . . ?
1.43.
, :
1) 4,783 . . . 4,793 .. .; 2) 3,5678 . . . 2,7893 . . . ;
. 3) 15,004 . . . 15,040 . . . ; 4) 0,20 . . . 0,30 . . . ?

4.

1. .
. .

,
, .
,
. , ,
, ,
.
34
 ,
,

.

.
( ) .
, asS jx ,
( ),
^ ,
( ) .

.
, ,
, .
,
= + *,

. .
.


.
,
, | : | = | |
.
1. , 0,333
.
.
= = 0,333. ,
,
- I . 1 | 333 1
= - + 0 ,3 3 3 _ " + *

^

- ,
.
2* 35
 ,
.
,
,
.
, ,
, ,
, | | ^ ,
.
,
,

+ . x = a h ,

a + .h , . .
^ ^ + .

,
,
,
: ()
.
2. , = 3,14 . . .
3 ,1 4 .


. ,
.
.
,
3 ,1 4 ^ < 3 ,1 5 ,

^ 3 ,1 4 .^ 0 ,0 1 , 3 , 1 4
0,01, . . = 3,14 0,01.
2. .
.
. ,
1 - ,
,
, .
1
, .
36
 1. I d

/ = (10,0 0,1) , d = (2 ,5 0 ,l)M M .

?

0,1 100 ,
0,1. ,
. .

100 10 000 , ,
,

= 0,01 = 1 %

^ = 0,04 = 4%

. ,
.

.


.
, ,
,
| * | | |

.

.
,
,
.
2. , 0,111
.
.
37
 * = --, = 0,111.

= = 49- 0,111 ~ 9 000 *

I 1 1
9 0,111 999 '

,
1 I
g-QQQ-, ^ .
,
,
.
,
.
,
,
.
, ,
,
- < 8 ,

.
, ,

. , ,
:
6| |.

,
,
,
: ()
.
3. , V 2 = 1 ,4 1 . . .
Y 2 1,41.
= ]/ 2 , = 1,41, A x - = V 2 1,41. ,

0 < < 1,42 1,41 = 0,01

38
 0,01,
< 0,008.
, j / 2 l , 4 1
0,008. , 1^2 1 , 4 1
0,8 % .
4. , 2 , 5 6
10% . .
,
0,1. ,
0 ,1 -2 ,5 6 = 0,256.
3. .

.
,
, ,
,
.

.
.
, ,
.

: ,
.


.
,
. ,
23,467, ,
, ,
'23,46; 23,4; 23; 20.

0,007; 0,067; 0,467; 3,467.

,
.
39
 , 23,467,
, , ,
23,47; 23,5; 24; 30.

0,003; 0,033; 0,533; 6,533.
2,996
3,00. 00
, , .
,
.

.
:
1) ;
2) ,
5,
, 5.
, 23,467,
, , ,

23,47; 23,5; 23; 20.

0,003; 0,033; 0,467; 3,467.

.
1. = 274,61.
, ,
.

, , ,
274,6; 274; 270; 200.

0,01; 0,61; 4,61; 74,61.

274,7; 275; 280; 300,

0,09; 0,39; 5,39; 25,39. ,

40 ,
 2. : = 274,61.
, , ,
(. . ).

274,6; 275; 270; 300.

0,01; 0,39; 4,61; 25,39.
,

.


, .

, . .
.
,
,
=~ ( + ),
. . + . ,

.
3. = 1,23 0,02.

.

1,2 0,03. ,
1,2 0 , 0 5 .

1. ?
2. ?
3. ?
4. ?
5. ?
6. ?
7.
?
8. ?
41
 9.
?
10. ?
11. ?
12. ?
13. ?
14. ?
15. ?

1.44.
*,
1) * = -|-; = 1,6; 2) ; = 1,66;

3) *=-pj- ; = 0,273 ; 4)*= ; 0,2727.

1.45. ,
1) * = 1 ,2 3 1 5 6 ...; = 1,23;
2) * = 0,12765 . . . ; = 0,127;
3) * = 2,875(3); = 2,875.
1.46.
* . , *,

1) = 23; ft = 0,5; 2) = 1 , 5 ; = 0,01;

3) = 2,32; ft = 0,1; 4) = 4,55; = 0,05.
1.47.
* . 1.44.
1.48.
: * . 1.45.
1.49. , .
,
1) = 2,75; 20; 2) = 1,3; /7 = 1 0 ;
3) = 237; /7 = 1 ; 4) = 1,49; = 0,1.
1.50. ,
:
1) 0,3253; 2) 1,23789; 3) 24,00391; 4) 3,7426.
.
1.51. ,
. 1.50.
.

5.

1, .
,, m b h2. ,
+ + .
42

+ ,
= b + /,
; / .
,
+ = + b + + ,
? ,
, . .
( + ) = + .

,
| ( + ) | < | * | + I /1.
,

,
I ( + ) | < +
,
:

, . .
hi, y ~ b h2, - \- - \ -

h = hi-\- hr
1. + ,
= 5,1 0,05, = 2,3 0 , 0 5 .
1 = = 0,05.
^
h hi + ht = 0,05 + 0,05 = 0,1.
, + 5 ,.1 + 2 ,3 = 7 ,4 0,1, ..
-\- 7,4 0,1.
2. ABC,
| | = 63,4 0,1, | | = 47,8 0,1 | |- =
= 73,1 0 , 1 .

:
= | 1+ | SC | + | |,
42

63,4 + 47,8 + 73,1 = 184,3

/ = 0,1 + 0,1 + 0,1 = 0 ,3 , . .

= 184,3 0 , 3 .
2. .
(, /2. ,
b .

+ ( )
,

, . .
( ) = .
,
I ( ) | * | + } |,
. .

,
|(* y )\< h t + ht.M
,
:

,
. . hu b
/2, h = h1 + h i .
1. ,
* = 7,5 0 , 0 5 , = 3,4 0 ,0 2 .
/, = 0,05, /2 0,02.
= 0,07. ,
= 4,1 0 ,0 7 .
2. , =
= (7,3 0,05) , 2 =
= (0,8 0,05) . .
:
= / 2,
44
, , 6,5
0 ,1 , . .
/ = (6,5 0,1) .
3. , : 7,3
1 %, 0,8 2 %.
h t
:
= 7,3-0,01 = 0 ,0 7 3 ,
= 0,8-0 ,0 2 = 0,016.


= 0,073 + 0,016 = 0,089.
0,089 ,
= 6,5 0,09.
= 0,09 6,5
:

8 = - 6,5
- = 0,0138 . . .

, 6,5
0,014.
,
6,5 1,4% .
3. . ,

.

.


.
b
2.
, ab .
:
+ ,
= + ,

= ab + Ay + b + ,
45


\ a b | < | a | - | | + | | - | *| + | |- | |.
\ab\ = \ a\ - \ b\ ,

\ x y ab\ ^ | \ | | 1\ | |
\\ "" | | |6 | || ' |6 |

, :

.
.
,

.

:

, . .
,, b
62, ab
,
= 6i -f- 2.

, :
.%, 0% ,
% , = + .
1.
, 4 / 5 , 4 1 %.
S , ,
, S = i x y , S
4 -5,4 = 21,6 2.

S 21,6 2 2%,
. . 0,02.
:
= 0,02 -2 1,6 2= 0,432 2.
, 5 21,6 2 0,432 2.
46
 2.
: , = (4,0 0,05) = (5,4 0,05) .
,
S
4.0 5,4 = 21,6 2.

0,05 ,

0,05 1 0,05 1
4.0 80 5,4 108

:
1 1 47
80 ' 108 2 160

2 1,6 2 = 0,47 2.

,
S = (21,6 0,47) 2.
4. .
fit, / 2.
, ^

( , 0 0).
* ,
b , = - ^
= ~ ,
_ -\- - -
~~ ~ + b

,
1 I I - - | _ _ \b 1 I __< - \b\ ( | | . | Ay | N
|| ||-1/|-|*1 1/1 I 6 '~~\ */

,
, J |
.
47

.

:

, . .
6 lt b
,, - 6.
21
= 6j + 2.

1. = , 12,3 23,5
1 %.

12,3 /
Tjg-g- 2 %,

. . 0,02.
:

-0 2 w 0 -0 1 0 4 6

10 4,

'0 ,0 1 0 5 .

0 523
235

0,523 0 ,0 0 1 .
,

= 0,523 0,0115.
>

0,523 ,
= 0,52 0 ,0 1 1 5 .

, 10-3 ,

-- = 0,52 0 ,0 1 2 .
4
 2. , 47,2 0,5,
19,4 0 , 1 .

47,2 236 0
19,4 ~ 97 ~ '

-
62 :
0,5 . 0,1
1 47,2 2 19,4 *

:
= 6+ 2
, , :
. 236
~97
,

< .
,
47,15 < * < 4 7 , 2 5 ,
19,3 < / < 19,5.
,
47,15 < < 47.25

47,15 - 2,4 1794 - ^ - = 2,44815.
19,5 ............... 19,3
:
2.4179 < - i < 2,4482.

~
:
2.4179 + 2,4482
2
= 2,4331.

, 2 ,4 4 8 2 - 2,4179 0,0303 11
= .~ ------- 2 ------= 1~2 = 0,0152.

, . I 49
/

,
- = 2,4331 4- 0,0152.

= 2 , 4 3 0,02.

,
,
,
. 2,

.

,
.
5. .
. ,
", n ( t N , .
-
,

:

, . .
, " "
8.
1. *, 2
2,5% .

* 24 4 -2 ,5 % , . . 4 16
10%.
:
= 16-0,1 = 1,6.
, * 16 1,6.

:
-
.
2. \ / , 3 2
2,5% .

\ / 2 0,5% .
50
,

\/ 2 0,01.

6. .
,

,
.
,
,
,
.
1.
,
1%?
, , ,
S

S=

,
0,5 % .
1 %.
2. ,
9 , 10 .
, ,
S = a 2, 1 ?

|51
S "*81

,
;
( ) ,

,

*162 ' 9 = 18 ,

1 2.
51

CM > gQCM= 0,5 ,

:
0,5 .

1. ?
2. ?
3. ?
4. , ?
5. ?
6. ?

1.52. -\-,
1) * = 7,8 0,05, = 3,4 0,05;
2) * = 2,6 0,01, = 1,5 0 ,0 2 ;
3) * = 1 ,2 5 0,05, = 1,02 0,02;
4) * = 7,1 0,18, = 6,2 0,02.
1.53. * , . 1.52, * .
1.54. ,
1) * s; 3,2 0,5 %, 2,35 1%;
2) * 3,5 1 %, 1,23 0,5 %;
3) * 0,43 0,1 %, 4,3 - 1%.
X
1.55. * , . 1.54, .

1.56. ,
0,5% . ?
1.57. , \ / 26,4 0 , 1 .
1.58. , 5 , 6 .
,
2 3?
1.59.
, ,
1%?
1.60. , 15 1 .

,
S = n r 3 '2?

6.
1. .
a- 10s,

1 < < 10,
52
 k . ,
, .
k .
, 27 = 2,7-10 1,
0,03 = 3 - 10-2 2, 1 ,5 = 1,5-10
0.

. , ,
. ,

.
,
, + , *
, , +
.
, = 2 -1 0 -2 2 ,5 - -4 ,
+ = (2 + 2 ,5 - 10~2)- 10~2 = 2 ,0 2 5 -10-2
, ,
+ 2 - 1 0 ~ ?
2 ,5 -1 0 *.
,
= (2 2 ,5 - 10~2)-1 0 ~ 2 2 - 10~2
2 ,5 -1 0 -4 .
,
, +
+ + 1.
, = 1,3-10, = 2 , 1 . 10-1 , =
= 2,73 102; : = 5 10-8 , */ = 3,2-10, 1,6-10"*.
,
1.
, 1

, * = 2 ,4 - 10 ?, = 1,2- 10_s, = 2-10

-. = 5 .1 0 " ^

,

.
2.
.

. ,
, , - .
53
 -
,

.

, ,
.
, = 2,353 0,002,
2,353 3
, .
, ,
.
,
.

,
.

(. . )
,
,
.

,
- ,
.
,
,
.
1. 2,351 0,0005.
2,351.
0,0005 < 0,001, 1
.
; ,
.
2. = 2,352 0,002.
2,352.
0,002 > 0 ,0 0 1 , 0,001
2 ,
. - , 5
, , .
,
.
,
.
54

, .
,
9,3 , = 9,3 0 , 1 ;
9,30 , 9,30 0,01;
30 , = 30 1.
= 5 3 0 10, 530
5 ,3 -1 02
5 ,3 '1 02, 530
5 3 , 0 .
530 , =
= 5 3 0 1 . 530
: : 5,30 102 ( 0 5,30 ).
3. .
,

, . . =
= , = |3,
+ y a + bh, = b h ,
+ .
1. 12,5, 3,1
. +
.
, , . .
5 12,5 1 3,1,
, ,
= 12,5 0 , 0 5 , / = 3,1 0 , 0 5 .


+ = 1 5 ,3 0 ,1 ,
9,4 0,1.

. ,

+ / 15,6, 9,4. .
2. : 12,5, 3 ,1 2 6 ,
. +
- .
55
 ,
=* 12,5 0,05,
= 3,126 0,0005.

+ = 15,626 0,0505,
= 9,374 0,0505.

.


+ 15,6, 9,4.
, ,
1,
.
,
,
,
,
.

. , , ,
.
:
,
,
,
.
,
.

.

,
. ,
.
3. 4,26 2,71854.
+ v V.

4,26 ( ). 2,71854,
;

2,71854 2 ,7 1 9 .
6
 :
4.26 + 2,719 = 6,979,
4.26 2 ,7 1 9 = 1,541.
,
+ v 6,98,
v 1,54.
:
+ 4,26 + 2,71854 4,26 + 2,719 = 6,979 6,98,
/ 4,2 6 2,71854 4 ,2 6 2,719 = 1,541 1 ,5 4 .4
4. ,
1,32.10*, / 1 ,2 5 -105-.

, 10^.
+ / 1,32-10* + 1 ,2 5 -106 = 106 (1 ,3 2 -1 0 ~ + 1,25)=
= 105 (0 ,1 3 2 + 1 ,2 5 )= 1,382-10- 1,38-105.
,
+ 1,38-10-.
4. .
,


, . . ,,
b 2, ab
6 = 61 + 62.

, ,
.

, ,
. ,
2,75 , 2,70
( 0),
0,020 : 2
0.

- 10*, 1 < < 10,
.
,

2,10 1 0 -3, 3,01 10,

7
 ,
10 , , .

,
.
, ; 1,3-10*, 6 = -^ k.

1,30- 10, 8 = [35 k.

1. ,
* = 1,2 0 , 0 5 , = 0,3 0,05.


<. _ 0,05 0,05 0,5 0,5
1,2 + 0,3 ~ 12 +

# 0,36 / = 0,36- , 4
/ = 4-6.
/ /:1
, = 0 ,5 -0 ,0 3 + 0,5-0,12 = 0,075,

,
jc</ = 3,6 0,075, = 4 0,84.

,
.
2. ,
) = 100,00 0 ,0 0 5 , = 0,10 0,005;
) = 3 0 0 ,0 0 0 ,0 0 5 , = 0,10 0 ,0 0 5 .
/ 10

* - 10'( + ; 5 5-
w 30

= 30- ( ^ + ) = 0,0005 + 1,5 = 1,5005.

,
.
, ,

58
 ,
,
.
.
:
,
, ,
.

, , , .
,
,
.
,
, .
3. 1,5268
0,62.

0,62, .
.
:
1,5268 1,53.

;
1,53-0,62 = 0,9486.
,
,
0,95.

, ,
. 0,949 ( ).
4. ,
3.
3 0,949
.
+ \
' + / 1,5268 + 0,62 = 2,1468 2,147
( ).

0,949 _ . , 0

0,001.
,
,
.
+ '

1. ?
2. ?
3.
?
4.
?
5.
?
6. ?
7.
?
8. ?
9.
?

1.61. ;
0,523; 0,031; 302,25; 37,4.10; 0 ,3 .1 0 -2 ; 1,2.10-*,
1.62. :
0,3; 3,51; 321,24; 21; 5 - 10s; 0 ,1 -1 0 -?; 4 7 ,5 -1 0 -3,
1.63.
:
1) * = 1,256 0 ,0 1 3 ; 2) = 1,37 0,01;
3) = 0,036 0,01; 4) = 3,40 0,01.
1.64. :
1,25, 1,25.103,
>= 13,20, fj 1,51-103,
?
1.65. . 1.64,
?
1.66. -\-,
1) * 1,34, 2,30;
2) 4,331, 5,7;
3) 2 ,0 -103, 1,25-10?;
4) : 1,7-10?, 7,1-10-1,
1.67. , . 1.66.
60
 1.68.
:
2,10, 2 0 ,1 , 0 ,0 2 1 0 , = 1 ,5 0 -1 0 9 , v = 2 ,7 0 0 -10~*.
1.69.
:
1) =2,10 0,02; 2) * = 20,1 0,1;
3) * = 1 ,5 0 -1 0 * 10*; 4) * = 2,700-10-5-1-0,001.
1.70. ,
1) * 12,6, 2,10;
2) * 1,2-10?; 3-10(
3) * 25,678, 1,23;
4) * 4 ,8 -102, 1 , 0 -? .

.
1.71. , < 1.70.



.

1.72. ,
. 1.70.
.

61
 2**)

7. ,

1. ,
(), ,
() ().
:
1. .
2. 7 .
3. .
4. 5 > 10.
5. 2 + 0 2 = 2 02.
1, 2, 5, , , 3 4
.

- (). ,
, ,
, . ^,
, < > 0, 13
,
. .
,
(
), (
!), ( ?).
*,
, .
.

, , .
, ,
, . -

1) * ;
.
62

. , .
, , , , , ~
, . ,
6 : 6
, , 6 ,
6 .
, .
,
,
.
, :
2 N (), 2 ( N ();
2<3 (), 2>3 ();
2+ 3= 5 (), 2 + 3 ();
N czR (), N ( R ().

2. , .

(
),,
. ,
, .
, .

. + 1 > 0
, .
, *-
: = 0 , ,
, = 1 . 1
, .
, , == 1, /=0, ; *=0,
\, . .
, ,
( ), q(x), ( , ) . .
,
, ,
. ,
, ,
(), x ^ U , ().
(), x U , ,
U .
( )
63
 = , () ,
, . . .
U, (),
.
U, () .
().
U, ( ) ,
.
, ~,
U.
% < 0
( 0 ; 1);
( ; 0 ] [ 1; + ) (
( 0 ; 1) ).
() q (x),
, ,
.
, ()
2 ( 1) > 0 1 > 0
,
( 1; + ).
(), x ^ U ,
, U

,
( ) .
() (). -
^ ,
( ),_ ()
. 7 . . 7
U , , .
.
3. . ,
,
.
1. (), x ^ U ,
U.
2. (), x U ,
U\
, a U ,
() .

, !
64
 V (
) 3 (
E x ists ).
V , ,
, . 3
, , .
V 3, 1 2
:
1. ( Vx ) p( x ) . 2. (3 ) ( ) .
, ,
()
U. , ()
x U , 1 .
,
() . ,
, ( ) .
1, 2 ,
, , .
, () 2 > 0, x R ,
(V ) ( ) , (3 ) ( )
. q ( ) 2^ 0 , R,
(Vx ) q( x ) (3x ) q ( x ) . ( ) -
:2 + 1 < , x R , (Vx) ()
(:) () .
, ,
( ) () , x U ,
a ^ U , ( ) .
U , ()
,
(V) ( ) .
,
( Vx) p( x) , (, ,
) . (), JV,
2 + + 41- .
( ) ( ) , . .
/ + + 41 , 40
, 402 + 4 0 + 41 =
= 40-41 + 41 41, . . .
, < 40
( ) .

1. ?
2. ?
3 , . 1 63
 3.
?
4.
?
5. ?
6. (V*) (*)?
7. () ()?
8. (V*) (*)?

2.1. ,
, , :
1) . . 1799 ;
2) ;
3) 2>+~2 ;
4) 17-2 + 3 = 37;
5) 3 S i 2 + 1 ;
6) ;
7) .
2.2. :
3 174^
q .

?
2.3. , , ,
.
, :
1) , ;
2) , ;
3) , .
,
?
2.4. : ,
. ,
, ,
, ,
. , . ?
2.5. ,
3 s rcs :1 2 , () 3
q () 6.
:
1) (); 2) q () ; 3) (); 4) qjn).
2.6. ?
:
1)
;
2)
;
3) ,
?
6
 2.7.
/ 2 / = 3,
\ 3 + = .

:
1) () ;
2) q () ,
?

8.
1. .
, ,
, ()(),
x $ . U , U ,
( ) ( ).
(V ) ( ) , x ^ U ,
()
V . ,
U ,
-
( :). U
, ,
( ) ( )
.
,
,
(V ) ( ) , n ( t N ,
. .
(
),
.
( )
,
:
1) ( ) = 1;
2 ) k ,
() n = k, ,
n = k + 1.

.
( )
,
( 1) , p(k),
p (fe -j-l).
( 1)
* 67
 k p( k )
p ( k + 1),
( )
.
1. -
12 + 22 + + . . . + 2= (n l U 2n + ') , ftg iV . ( 1)

(),
.
( )
.
, /7 ( 1) ,
12 1-2. (2-1 + 1)
6
, (fe) , . .

12 | 02 | | * ( 6 + 1 ) (2 6 + 1 ) _

(fe+ ) 2,
. I 2 + 2 2 + . . . + k 2 + (fe + 1)2 = *-+.] 2* + ') + (fe + 1 )2 ;

+ 1 <2* + ]) + (fe + 1 = (2 k 2 + 7 k + 6 ) =
(fe+ 1) (fe + 2) (2fe + 3)
6
,
1 ? + 22 + . # + (fe _j_ _ (*+ 1) ((fe+ 1)+ 1) (2 (+ ]) + 1)

, p ( k + 1) .
k , ( 1) .
2 .
(1 + ) " > 1 + , > 1, n N . (2)

.
=>1 1 + ^
^ 1 + .
, n = fe, . .
 1 + (
, > 1),
(1 + ) * + 1 ^ ( 1 + / )(1 - f ) =5 1 + (/ + 1 ) + 2.

, / ^ ,
(1 + )*+1> 1 + ( + 1).
, ,
n = k, , *= + 1.
, ,
k. , (2) .
2. .

( )
, ,
.
().
1. ,

2 " > a + 4n + 5. (1)
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 ,
,
. , = 6 2 6 = 64 > 6 +
+ 4 - 6 + 5 = 65, . . .
,
^ 7 .
= 7
2 7 = 128 > 7 2 + 4 7 + = 82,
. . 7 .
,
n = k, . .
2 * > 6 + 4: + 5.
2
,
2*+ > 2/ + 8k + 10 = (/ + 1) + 4 (k + 1) + 5 + /2 + 2k.
, / + 2 / > 0 ,
2k+1 > { k + l )3 + 4 ( + 1) + 5.
, n = k + 1.

k ~ ^ 7 .
69
 , ,
(1) 7.
, < 7
.
: / ^ 7.

1. ?
2. ?
3. ?
4 ?

2. 8. ,
. :
1) 1 + 3 + 5 4 - . . . -|- (2 1) = 2;
2) 12 + + 52 + ... - ) - ( 2 1)2 = /1!2 .~..1 2 + 1)

3) 1.2 + 2 - 3 + 3 - 4 + . . . - - 1 ) = " ( + 1 > ;

4) ! f J - . . . 4 ----------- !________ .
1-3 r 3-5 r ^ (2 -1 )(2 4 -1 ) 2+1
54 _J__ I _J__ I__ !__ L I_______ !________ n
1-5 5-9 9-13 ' r (4 3) (4 + 1) 4+ 1 '
2.9. ,

1) (22 + 1 ) 6;
2) 5 5.
2 . 1 0 .

1) ;
2) .
2.11.
<

+1 ^ + 2 ^ - " ^ 2 24
> 1.
2.12. , , 7 ,

.

9.
1. . ,
, (
) .
70
 U
( ) q(x).
,
:
(V*) (/>(*)=> <7 (*)), xU. ( 1)
() ,
q ( x ) .
, , :
,
.
()\
q ():
.
( ) q () U
.
. ()
, q(x)
'
. U
. (1)
:
: ,
.
: .

,
, .
, (1),
:
() => q ().

p { x ) ^ > q () q( x) =>p ()
.
,
. ,
.
, ,
,
.
,
, :
1) ;
71
 2 ) ,
;
3) .
.

3, 3
3,
3 .
, .
,

,
. ,
. :
.
,
, .

3, 3
:
3,
3. ,
( , ) .
2 . .
()=>9 (*) p jx ) => qj x)
.
,
,
,
.
,
,

:
,
. .
,
, .

() => q ()
:
: q( x ) =$p( x ) \
: /?(*)=> q ();
72
 : q () =^> ().

,
( ).
:
:
,
(
) (. 8 );
:
,
, (
; . . 8 );
:

, - . 8
( ).

,
.
.
, :
1)
()^> q () <7 () => (),
. . ,
;
2 )
q ( x ) = p p ( x ) p( x) =>q( x) ,
. . ,
.
,
. " , ,
,
.
p ( x ) ^ > q ()
.
q( x ) =>p( x) ,

.
,
.
3. .
,
73
, .
.
p( x) =>q( x) ,
() q(x)
q (;)
().

, .
, , ,
, . .
,
,
.

, . .
, ,
.
p( x) =>q( x) ,
q(x)=>p( x), ( )
q(x), a q ()
().

3, 3.
, , ,
. ,
3 ,
3.
, ,
,

.

: .
,
.
. ,
, ,
:
) , . . .
;
)
, . . . ,
;
) ,
. . . , .
74
 ) .
, ;:
.
) ,
. ,
,
. , 1 + [/"2
1 2 .
) ,
, ,
, .

,
, . ,

. , ,
,
, .
,
,
, , ,
.
, 9
9.

1. ?
2. ?
3. ?
4. ?
. ?
6. ?
7. ?
8. ?

2.13. ,
, .
2.14.
, ,
? :
1) , 7,
7;
2) 7,
7;
73
 3) 7,
7;
4) 7,
7;
6) 7,
7;
6) 7,
7? "
8.15. :
1) ^ ,
;
2) ,
;
3) ,
360.
2.16. : ,
, . :
, ' .
?
2.17. : ,
x h + p x + q ,
x2.-\-px-\-q = 0 .
,
. ?
2.18.
, , ,
, , :
1) , .
, ,
;
2) 3 2x-{-q = 0
, . . . . q > 0,
2.19. :
1) 3 1 ('* 5) 24 ,
;
2) 3 1 ( >= 5) 24 ,
,
 3 ...........

10.
1. .
f ( x ) = g(x), ( 1)
f () g () ,
( )\
f () , a g( x )
( 1).
( )
,
.

.

.
, .

2 + + 0 , (2)
, , , 0 ,
. , (2)
,

2 25- 2 -f~
."4
1.
~ 2 -----------
4 2

(3)
D = b2 4
(2). (3) ,
D < 0,
,
.
77
D 0,
X = , D > ,

,
, D < 0;
, D 0; , D > 0.
(2),
,
_ - = ;_ (4)

,
2 + 2 + 0

(4)
_ , ) 1

, %+ 2 + 0
= p . V 1 .
1. 2 + 5 + 2 == 0.
D = 5* 4 -3 -2 = 1,

-5 -1 , ^ i5 + 1 __ 2
X l~ 2-3 2-3 3 '
2
: 1; = - j .
2. :2 + 2: + 2 = 0.
D = 2 2 4-2 = 4,
.
: .
2. ( ).
.
,
.
f t () g t ()
f 1(x) = g i (),
/ () = g t () = / () = g, ().
78
 (
), .
, ,
.

U (*) = & ( * ) < ? / . () = )-

,
.
1) f () g( x )
f ( x ) ~ g () & f ( x ) g () = 0 .
, 0
, . . f ( x t ) = g ( x 0), / ( 0) g (x 0) = 0 , . . ^
/ .
2) () ,
f ( x ) = g () = * /( * ) () = g (x )< p ().
, f (x) = g (0), / (0) (0) =
= g () (*).
,
.
, 2 = 1 ,
X s = = 0.
3) / () g () = 0
f ( x) = 0 , g () = 0 ,
. .
f(x)g(x)=^0=yf(x) = 0 g (x )= 0.
, f (0) g ( x 0) = 0, f (0) = 0,
g ( x o) = 0. ( , ,
f () 0 g (0) = 0.) , f ( x 0) = 0, g ()
= 01
f ( x ) g ( x ) = 0 .
,
. ^ = 0 = = = 0 X 3,
.
3 ,
0 ,
.
4) / () g () g N

f () = g ) => (/ ( * ) ) " ( (*))"

79

. , 1
, 2 = ( I )2 : = 0,5.
I j 2 _
1.

(3 ) ( 2 + 1 ) .

^ = | ^ = ( * + ) ( 2 * + ) = (2 - * ) ( - )
22 + ; 4 - 1 = 6 5 + 2 3 + 8 5 = 0.

)2 = 4 5 = 4 2 .

,
4 + ]/"21 4 21.
,
.
: = 4 + ^ 2 1 ; 2= 4 21.
2.
6 2
( 1)(-\-2) 1 -\-2'

( 1) ( - 2).
6 = ( + 2 ) 2 ( 1)
6 = + 8 2 + 5 + = 0.

** 3,
2 = 2 .
, 3
, 2
( = 2 ).
: = 3.
3.
( 1) (2 + 1) + = I.
( 1)(2 + 3 1) + = 1
( 1) (2 + I) + 1 = 0
( 1) (2 + ) = 0 ( 1) ( + 3) = 0 .
: Xj = 3; 2 = 0; 3 = 1.
80
 4. ~ + 3 = = + I.
\ ~|~ 3 = -j- 1 3 = X2 -I- 2 -j~ 1
2 + : 2 = ( + 2) ( 1) = .
, 2 1
. ,
1 , 2
. , V + 3 = 2
+ 1 = 2 = 1 , = 2 + 3 l,
+ 1 = 1 .
: = 1.
5.
|/ 2 * ^ 5 + = + ".
:
2 5 + " 2 ( 2 5 ) ( + 1) + + 1 = + 6 .

, - >
:
V (2 5) (- 1) = 5 .

,
(2 5)( + 1) = 2 5 10 + 2,
2 2 5 = 25 1 + 2,
2 + 7 30 = 0,
= 10, 2 = 3.
, = 10 ,
, = 3 .
: = 3.
6 .
* 2 4 = 0.
2 = /, 2 3 4 = 0.
, / = 4, 2 = 1, 2 = 4,
2 = 1.
; 2 , 2 = 2 .
: , 2 = 2 .
3.
. f ( x , y ) *=g( x, ), f ( x , )
g ( x , ) ,
81
 (
).
(; b) ,
b
.
,
,
.
, 2 + 2 = R 2, R > ,
R ( 0 ; 0 ).
2 + + , , ,
, 0 , .
,

,
. ,
.

.
, 2 3

J + = 5,
I = 1,

.
,
.
,

,
(2 ; 3)
(2 ; 3).
( )
.
1)
, , .
2) = <,
, < ,
. ,
, ,
.
.
82
 3) , } g
( = , f g / + cf>= g + ^
( ), ,
.
.
4) , f - g 0,
:
/ = 0 , g 0-
, f - g = 0
/ = 0 g 0 ,
, . .

.
.

.
1.
) 2 + 2 = 25,
\ =5.
= + 5.
,
( + 5 )2 + 2 = 25,
. :
22 + \0 0, , = 0 = 5.
= + = .5 , 2 = 0.
,
( 5 ; 0 ) ( 0 ; 5), .
: (5; 0); (0; 5).

(. 2 ) .
,
:
J :2 + /2 = = + 5, \ = + 5,
\ = 5 ^ \ ( + 5 )2 + </2 = 25 \ ( + 5) = 0
( ( = + 5, j = + 5 ,\ .
-
\{ = 0 \ y+5=0j

1 2,
1, 4 2.
83
 .
, ,
,

.
2.
( 2 1 = 2 + 2,
\ 2 + 2 = + 1.
2 = ( + I)2,
. . = + 1 = 1. (.
4),
:

j = + 1, ( ^ 1,
\ 2 + 2 = + 1 \ 2 + 2 = + 1.

.
= + 1- ,
,
2 + ( + 1)2 = 3 ( + 1) 4 - 1 ,
2-\- 0, = 0 , 1 .
+ l = \ , 0.
= 1.

+ ( + 1 )2 = 3 x (jc4 -1 )4 -1 ,
5:2 + 5 = 0, : ( 4 - 1) = 0,
3 = 0 , 4 1 , 3 = 1, /4 = 0 .
: (0; 1); ( 1; 0); (0; 1).
3.
I 2 2 5,
( * + 2 = 7.

.
+ 2* = 2
, = 0 ,

2
= 2-~ 1
------.

84
 (. 3),

( 2 /2 = 5,
2. ^
5
!
4 - ( = ^ - / * = 5, 3i/4 _ 1 3 y 2 + 4 ==o.

(
),
13 V 1 6 9 - 4 - 3 - 4 _ 13 11
~ ft fi

. . 2 4 /2 = -^-.
,
;

/ = 2, 2~ 2, *i = 3,
% 3, . . (3; 2 ),
( 3; 2 ). 3 ,
1 4 >^"3 4 ]/* 3
^ = _ _ , 3 = -------j - , 4= , . . -

; - -) .( = ; ) .
:
(3; 2 ); (3; 2 ); (
4.
( + = + 1,
\ 2 + * = + 3.

( + )2 = + 3,
,
= - \- v xy.
85

[ ----- v 1,
\ 2 = + 3.

u v + 1 , ( + 1)2=
==3 + 3, v2 2 = 0, = 1, 2 = 2.
= + 1 = 0, 2 = 3.
-,

) + // = 0 , ( + / = 3,
\ / = 1 \ / = 2 .

, 2 = 1, ,
, * ! = ! , 2 = 1 , /= 1 , = 1.
/ = 3 , ( 3 ) = 2,
, , 8= 1 , 4 = 2 , /3 = 2 , / 4 = 1.
O m em : (1; 1); ( 1; 1); (1; 2); (2; 1).

.

1. ()
?
2. ? /
3. ?
4. ?
5. ?
6.
?
7. ?
8. ?
9. ?
10. ?
11.
?

3.1. :
1) 2 \ \ + 30 = 0; 2) 2 1 9 * + 88 = 0;
3) *2 + 8 ^ - 33 = 0; 4) 2 + 4 32 = 0;
5) 2 6* 135 = 0; 6) 52 1 6 * + 3 = 0;
7) (2 * + 3 )2 ( 2)2 = 5; 8) (* 2)2 9 = 0;
9) 4 72 + 12 = 0; 10) 24- 52 + 2 = 0;
11) ?-\-2 6 = 0; 12) 1 + 2 + 2 = 0.
86
3.2. :
1) * 4 = 0 (* 4) (* + 5) = 0;
2) *2 3* = 0 * 3 = 0;

3) * 1 = 5 * 1+
* 6 6
2
4) ------ : 1. (-------
* ---- 1)- t - . = 0;
' * 1 \ 1
5) 2* = * + 2 (2*)2 = (* + 2)2;
6) 2* 3 = 5 (2* 3)2 = 25?
3.3. :
1 * 2 2 *2 2* 5 1
1) * -)- 1 *2+ * 2) (* 3 ) ( * 1) 1 * 3

* 4 -4 *2 38 _
4) (* + 1 ) (6*2 5 * + 1 ) = 0 .
) *4-1 2*2 *;2 1
3.4. :
1) / * ^ = 3; 2) 3 + * 2 = 4;
3) 4 * + 5 = *; 4) - - *2 9 = 21;
5) "3* + 4 + * = 2*; 6) / * + 3 = 9 *;
7) / ' * + 5 4 - 1 = * ; 8) 5}/"* 2 = * + 2 ;
9) ^ - 2 + 6 = * + 3; 10) V 2* + 1 5 = 3 + / * :
11) + * 1=8; 12) ]5 + |^2* + 8 = 7;
13) - / * + ? = ; 14) * 1 * = *.

3.5. :

1) *48*29 = 0; 2) * 4 9 * 2 + 20 = 0 ;
3) 4*4+ II* 2 3 = 0; 4) *1 4*2 + 1 = 0 ;
5) * - * + 6 = 0; 6) 3* + 5}/~ * 2 = 0;

7) * - 2 + 3 * - 1 4 = 0; ,(!= * '* - * -5 = 0.

3.8. :

* + = 5, / 2! ++ ^ = 25,
\ * - ( / ? = 5; 2) \ * 2-
2+ ^ = 74, * = 1,
3> \ * - = 2 ; 4) \ * 2 + *(/ + ;/2 = 37;
2
/ 5* 2 = 3,
5)
I*1
1 ! + 1/2 = 2 0 8 ;
6) \ *(/ = 0 ,2;
/ *2 + ^2 3* * + ^ + 9 = 0,
f 10* + 3(/ = 13,
\ */ = 1; 8) \ * = 2 ;
* + 10 = 1, *? + /*+ / = 1,
10) \ * 2 + </*+ y = 3.
\ * 2 - 2( / = 1;
87
 1 1 .

1.
. ,

+ = ,
, , , ,
. ,
,
.

:
1 + 1 = ,
2 + 2 = 2.
,
( 1) ,
[\ ) .
,
, ( 1) .
.
,
.
, , 2 0. (1)

( + =
2 _ (2 )
\ 2 + 2 >
. . (:0; 0)
( 1), (2 ),
.
(2) bi
!
{ ^ - Z bi) X==ci - - (3)
(2 )
(3),

, , (2 ).
 ! ~2- 0, . . 2^ = ,
,
- , (5
(5)

:
(4),

:
, 2 2 ,= ,
clb2 c2bl = Ax ,
.^ >
(5) (6 ) :

(5) ( 6 )
( , 1704 1752 .).
, ]2 0, (4)
,
(5), (6 ).
(4) (1),
(4) (1).

(7)

(4)

( 8)

, ,

89
 (\ ),

XZ R
(8 ).
, .
=^=0, (1)
, (5), (6 ).
= 0, (1) ,
.
= 0 .
, , 0. , k = -- ,
(. (7)) at = ka2, by = kb2.
, ( 1)
ka 2x -f kb2y c1}
2 + b2y = 2.
,
,
= kc2.
, = 0 & , ^ 0 , (1)
,

k --
bi .
2
, 0.
, ,
, , ,
. 0, ,
,
.
, (1)

:
+ = 0 ,
4 - 2 = 0.

= 0, 0.
, 0, (9)
: = 0 , / = 0 .
90
 = 0 , , , ,

-f = ,
. . (; ),
= ^ , xR.

1.
:
5 3 = 16,
+ 2 = 11.

= 5 - 2 1 (3 ) = 13,
= 16-2 11 -(3) = 65,
= 5 - 1 1 6 -1 = 3 9 ;

: = 5, 3.
2.
( 2-\- 3z/ = 13,
\ 4-\-6 20.
2, * ,

2 + / = 13,
2: - / = 1 0 ,
; ,
.
3.
j 3 = 7,.
\ 20 15/ = 35.
5,
4 3 = 7,
4 3 = 7,

- '
U; , R.
4. .
:
I 5 + 3 = 0,
\ 2 4/ = 0 .
:
= 5 ( 4) 2 3 == 26.

^= 0 ,
; 0, .
5.
J + 5/ = 0,
\ 9 + 15^ = 0.

= 3-15 9- 5 = 0,

:
! * ) - x R . A
2.
.
,
:
1) ;
2 ) ;
3) .

2

. ,
,
,
.
1) /2 , . .
(0; 0),
,
,
(0\ 0).
,

(0;
/), 1 /2,
,
(:0; //) (. 9).
2 ) / /2
,
,

, . ,

, /2,
, , . .
(. 10).
3) I, / 2 , . .

,
. ,
'
, /2,
, (. 11).
.
,

+ 2 13 = 0,
3 6 = 0.

j + 2 = 13,
\ 4 3 /= 6 .
93
 , * ?:
= 3 -( 3) 4-2 = 17,
= 1 3 - ( 3) 6-2 = 5,
= 3 - 6 4- 13 = 34;
,
^ 5 ' ___ 34 2
17 17

-. (3; 2).
3. .

j *i
I2 ( 1)

, bu 2, b2 .
.
blt 2, .
.
( 1)

( 2)

,
ai
% = a A .

.
6 ,, 2, 2
. ,
. ,
, , ,
, ,
.

:

, ,
, ,
.
1.

2 41
3 7
94
 2 7,
2 - 7 = 1 4 ;
3 4, 3-4 12 .
,
12 4
= 14 12 = 2.
|3 7
\ 2.
2. :
3 5
) 4 2 )
3 5
) 4 2 = 3 -2 4 5 = 14; ) = 3 - ( 4) 5 -0 =
4
= -1 2 .

* ^
= - > = -

:

I
(3)

= a 1b2 aib1 = ,
2
j bj
= cxb2 = ,
2 *2
ai Cj
= tiiCj OjC, = A .
2
(3)
, ,
, :


.
, at 2
Ci , 2 2.
3.
:
5: + 2/ = 29,
+ 4/ = 23.
 , :
* 2, \ = 5 - 4 2 - 3 = 1 4 ,
4.
29 2
23 4
= 29- 4 2- 23 = 70,
5 29
v = = 5- 23 3 2 9 = 28.
3 23

1" ,
28
14
5 - : 14 = 2 .

.-, = 5, = 2.
4.
4;+ 3 28 = 0,
5(/ 21 = 0 .
:
4: + 3(/ = 28,
: 5^/ = 21 .

, :
4 31 = 4 ( 5) 3- 3 = 29,
3 5|
28 3
21 |
= 28 ( 5) 3 - 2 1 = 203,
4 281
3 21
4- 2 1 28- 3 = 0.

,
-203 0
-29
7, - -29
-0.

: 7, 0.
4. .
.
1.
I 6i I _ <4
I & 1 &2
. . ,
, . .

.
.
96
 2.
I bi _ __ | 2 &2
1% 2 11 bi
. . , ,
.
3.
kcti kbx
k O-l bi
2 bi
. , ,
.
, -
,
.
4.
fli bi -)- b\ .
&2 2 '
. . -
,
,
, .
1. ,

, .
2.

, .
3. -

, ,
.
, ,
,
.

.
,
.
1.
325 -132
= 175 -6 0

4 , . I 97

25 :
13 132
= 25 7 60

12 :
= 2 5 -( 12) 13 11

:
= 25 ( 12) | ^ 56

6 :
= 2 5 -( 12) | * = 1800 (5 7) == 3600.

2.
105 551
=
245 154

5,
7;
21 11
= 5-7 35 22

7
11 :
3 1
= 357 11
5 2 = 2 695.

1.
?
2. ?
3.
?
4.
?
5.
?
6. ?
?
98
 7. ,
.
8. *
9. .
10.
) ; ) ?

3.7. :
5 21 -5 3 I. ) ;3 01 .
1) 3 7 J 2) | * 4 - -6 1 :2
1 4
4 2 4 0
4) 3 ; 5) ; 6) 2 3
0 0 5
6 8
3.8. :
log2 32 logs 27 sin 45 tg 45
1) log4 16 log5 125 2) ctg 45 sin 45'
log2 ^ 2 l/ 27 cos 0 sin 60
'3) 4)
logs 1 lg 1000 ^3 sin 90
3.9. k

J +4=17,
\ 4x + k y = 4

= 3, = 2?
3.10. :
2 5 1
= 0;
1) *2+ 3 1 = 0; 2) 2 + 4
3 15 X-
3) 1 5
2 - 3 5 = 3.
-7*
4) 4 1 +
3.11.
:
J 2 = , I 4 * + = 1=17,
7,
2)
\ 4 + /= 14; ( 5 = 7;
j 5 3 j/= 1 6 , j 5* 2 6 = 0,
4) \ 7 4 = 0;
| 2-\-4 = 22\
I + 4 = 9, I 4 3 7 = 0,
6) \ 8 6 14 = 0.
| 25/ = 6 ;
3.12.
:
J + 2 = 0, I -2/ = 0, ( 4 5 = 0,
> \ 5 3 = 0\ ) \ 6 4 = 0; \ 7 + 2 = 0;
( 2 3 = 0, -\- = 0,
4) J 7~ ' \ 4 6/ = 0;
6) 5 / = 0.
\2 * + 1 5 = 0;
99
4*
 3.13. ,
:
4: 3 7 = 0, 5 4 9 = 0,
+ 2 18 = 0; > 2 + 3/ 22 = 0.
3.14. }
( = 5, I + 2 = 4,
> \ 2x + 3y = 7; \ 9* + 6 = 1 ;
j 2 = 12, / - 4 = 7,
1 \ 4 = 5; ; \ 6 8 = 14.
3.15. k
:
( 5 x ky = 3, -2 = \

2> { * - - *
3.16. k
:
j 3 x ky = 9, I + = 3,
' \ 2 + 7/ = 4; > \ + y= ,k?
3.17.
( ( \) 4/ = 11 - f a ,
\ * + ( + 2)/ = 2
,
?
3.18. '
( ( 1)=1,
\ 2 = 4 a , a R.

12.

1. .

[Iai ^1
I ^2 ^2 ^2 ( 1)
| 3 3

ait bit cit 2, b2, , at , ba, cs .

. a 1( bit cit . . . , ca
( 1).
.
 ( 1)
bi Cj
- bi 2 . (2)
3 bg
,

b% %I
+
3 1 - (3)

.
,
.
(3)
.
1.
2 3 4
= 5 1
1 3 2
:

=2
+1 6 5 6
4
5 1
3 2 -1 2 1 3
,
= 2 .( 2 18) 3 .( 10 + 6 ) 4 .( 1 5 + 1) =
= 2,.(20) 3- ( 4 ) 4- 16 = 92.
: = 92.
2. :
3 2 1 1 2 3 5 0 0
2 4 5 ; ) 5 4 2 ; ) 3 2 1
)
1 2 3 3 1 3 7 4 5
3 2
) 2 4 = 3 2 4- 1 2
' 1 2 4
1 2
= 3 - 2 2-1 + 1-0 = 4;
2 5 4
4 2 5 21
) 4 - ( - 2) + 3 3 1
I 3 3 3
1
= 1 ( 14) + 2 -(21) + 3 -(7) 77;
0 0
2 11 13 1 3 2
) 2 1 = 5
7 5
+ 0 7 4 = 5-6 = 30.
4 5
4 5
101
 2. . -.
,
;
.

.
1. On ,
, .

.
.
2.
- ,
.
' 3. -
,
.
, -
,
.
4.
- ,
,
,
.
,
- ,
.
1. , -
, .
2.
-
, .
3. -

, ,
.
,
.
1.

14 21 28
= 6 9 12
10 15 20
102

:
-2 3 4
= 7 -3 -5 2 -3 4 >
2 3 4
:
0
= 105- 4 0 0
2 3 4

,
14 0
= 105 - ( 6 ) = 6 3 0 - 1 6 = 10080.

: = 10 080.
2.
.17 29 41
= 36 -24 60
20 27 46

:
17 29 41
= 12 3 -2 5 .
20 27 46

,
20 27 46
= 12 3 2 5 = 0,
20 27 46

.
: = 0 .
3.
49 37 41
= 23 37 41
95 74 82

,
:
26 0
37 41
= 23 37 41 = 26
74 82
= 0.
95 74 82

: = 0.
103
 4.
9 4 1
= 36 48 30
6 8 6

( 6 )
( 2 ), -
( 3)
( 4):
9 4 1 3 1 1
= 6-2 6 8 5 = 6- 2 - 3 - 4 2 2 5
3 4 3 1 1 3
:

= 6- 2 - 3 - 4 - 2 = 288.
: = 288.

1. ?
2. ?
3. .
4. ,
1 2 3 1 4 3
4 5 6 2 5 6
1 2 3 3 6 9
.

3.19. :

-L
1 2 3 2 3 3
1) 2 3 1; 2) 36 12 24
3 1 2
3 4
2 3 4 0 2 3
3) 5 1 6 ; 4) 4 5 0
1 3 2 7 1 6
104
 8.20. ,
1 3 2 3 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 5
4 7 = 2 4 6 = '2 3 5 = - 1 3 1
5 10 13 5 6 11 4 1 3 1 2 4
. .
3.21. :
3 5 7 1 2 2 3

04
4 6 = 0; 2) 3 4 5 = 9; 3) = 0.

*
1)

1
1
1 X -3 2 1 6 6 7
3.22. :
3 2
-3 2 1 2 + -8 = 0 ;
2
1 1
1 2 2
5 2 4
1 3 1 + = 0.
2) 3 4 + 8 3 7
3 ! 2
3.23. ,
1 1 1
1 1 +* 1 = xyt
1 1 1+

2 = (*1*) () (*2 ) ( ),

3.24.
1 ? 1 1
3~ 8 2. 4 2 = 0 .
> 27 ? 9 3
3.25.
1+ * 1 1
1 1+ * 1 = 0,
1 1 1+JC

13*.

1.
.
:
+ biy + CiZ = d i,
cLyX + b2y + c^z d%j )
asx + b3y + az = d3.
(x0; y 0; z0)
( 1),
, .
105
 ,
:
ai bi = ci = 0, i = 1, 2, 3.
,
:
dx d% d3 ,
, , (; , z)
.
, .
,
(1) .
, (1)

. , ,
3.
(1) z .
d3 a3x b3y
(2)

(1),
.

11.
, (2)
. ,

,
.
,


- .
. ,
,

,
- (. 2).
1.
-f- 2 4z = 31,
+ + 2z 29,
+ z = 1 0 .
106

1 0 + .

:
+ 2 + 4 ( 1 0 + ) = 31,
5* + + 2 ( 1 0 + ) = 29.

.
( 11: 6 / = 9,
{ = 9.
11 ,
= 3, /= 4.
z :
= 3 3 + 4 = 5.
: (3; 4; 5).
2.
+ + z 6 ,
2 + + = 13,
+ + = 8 .

, 2 ,
,
3.
+ / + 2 = 6,
' + 2= 1 ,
6 / 2 z = 10 .
,
2.
X + + 2 = 6 ,
+ 2 = 1,
42 = 12.

.
. ,
, 3.
2 y = 1.
y=z
3

?
 .

.
.
.

,
,
.
3 .
:
| + 2 12,
\ 2 3-\- 2 = 1 .

.
, ,
, , ,
0 - + 0 -/ 4 - 0-2 = 0 .
,

5 13.
, 13.
,
2 = 1 2 * + 3 (5 * 13) = 13: 38.
,
, 13, = 1 3 : 3 8 ,

: /?, ,
.
.
(; 5: 13; 1 38)," x R . L
4.
| 2 + 3 2 = 0 ,
\ 4 4- 6 = 0.

\ = 2 + .
,

4 + 6 3(2 + ) = 0,.
108
. . 2 + 0. ,
2
-jx, = 2 2 = 0 .
:
; - 43-; 0 V /?.
' 5.
+ 30,
2 + 3 = 8 ,
+ 5 + = 22.
,
: ,
+ 8 30.

. ,
:
j + 8 = 30,
\ -f* 5 -f* z = 22. 4

, ,
\
| 3x-f-8z/ = 30,
\ + 2 2 .

= j j? = 7 ,
.

| 30 8 I Q I3 30 I
* = I 22 5 I == 26 (/ IX
22 | = 1

8 26 36 3
X ----- , -----------------.

,
8 26 3 6
, I z ,
R , ,
.
:
8 26 ; 36 . ' _ .

09

( 11 ).
, (1)

.

a.i bf
= ^2 ^2 *-2
3
(1). ,
, ( 1)
,

X- = : = - (3 )
, , ,
, ,
( 1).
(3)
( 1) .
= 0, (1) ,
,
.
6 .
2 -f- 3 -f- 2 = 14,
+ 2z = 5,
+ 2 = 7.

2 3 1
= = 2 -( 3 ) 3 -(5) 1-7=16.

, .
*, :
14 3 1
= 5 1 2 = - (3) 3 ( 19) + 1-17 = 32,
7 2 1
2 14 1
3 5 2 = 2 -( 19) 14 (5) + 1 -16 = 48,
\ =
1 7 1
2 ,3 14
= -1 5 = 2 -( 17) 3 - 1 6 + 1 4 - 7 = 16.
2 7
110

(3),
32 16
1R
16 ' 5 lfi
16 2 1R
16 *

: (2; 3; 1 ).
7. ,

+ + 2 = 1,
+ + = ,
'+ - \ - a z - 2

,
, .

1 1
= 1 1 1
1 11 1 + 1
11 1 1
1 1
= (? 1) ( 1 ) + 1 ( 1) (? + 2 ) =
= ( - 1 ) ? ( + 2).

, 1 2,
, ,
. = 1
^
X + + 2 = 1 ,
.
, 2 .
: (0; 0; 0) .
2 + + 20 = 1,
Xq 20 -{- 20 == 2 ,
4 2 20 = 4.
, 0 = 3,
. . .
: 2 ,
1 ,

.
2. .

.
111

,

,7, = 1 , 2 , , / = 1 , 2 , . . . , .
,
,
.


( (X] ;' 0j 2X2 ^ 13X3 ,
| 21 i + 22 2 + 23 3 = ,
\ an Xi -j* #2 2 3 3 = 3-

j + 12 -f . . . + 1 ,
< a2lx t + 22 2 + . . . + a.inx n = b 2,

[ + 2 + . . . + = .

,
.
:
= , <, >.
x it 2, . . . ,

( 2; . . . ; ) , 1 = 1, 2 = 2.......... =
.
(1)
(; 2; . . . ; ),
.
,

.


1 1
. *
112
 ,

.
1.

( 2xt + 2 43 + 4 = 4,
1 42 + 3 24 = 1,
| + 2 23 + 4 3,
{ 2 + 4 2 3 4 6 .

,

3
, 2
.
:
42 + 3 2 4 = 1,
142 113 + 7 4 6 ,
j 12. 8 3 + 4 = 8,
[ 92 10:3 + 7 4 = 2,

.

:

1 4 2 11 3 + 7 4 =6,

( 12 2 8 3+ 4= 8 ,

92 103 + 7 4 = 2.

.
,
, 2 = 2 , 3 2, 4 = 0,

4 2 + 3.v3 24 = 1
:
^ = 1 + 4 - 2 3 -2 + 2 - 0 = 1 .
,
( 1; 2 ; 2 ; 0 ) ,
.
: (1; 2; 2; 0). 113
 2.
1 3 + 2 = 6,
*1 + *2 *3 +J- *4
=
4.
/L
(2)
2 2 + 3 2 1 ,
2+ :4 = 0 .

.
0 ( ,
,
0 ).
.
;
2
;
3 .
, 5.
( 8 + 2 4 = 6 ,
J 3 4= 2,
| 2 + 5 64 = 11,
2 + 43 7 4 = 18.

%
(3).
, .
, :
3 + 2 4 = 6,
2 *4 = 2,
53 7. x 4 = 13, ' '
4 8 4 = 20 .
3
(4).
(4) 5, 4
.
, :
 (5) 4 = 4,

3 = 3; 2 = 2,
*1 = 1.
(1; 2; 3; 4).
: (1; 2; 3; 4).
3.
( + 2 + 3 + 4 = 2 ,
< 2 + , + 3 + 4 = 6 ,
| X i + 2 3 =4.

.
,
2 , .

/ + 2 + 3 + 4 = 2,
| 2 3 4 = 2,
\ 23 4 = 2,
. 4 = ,
,
3 = 1 , 2 = 1 + ,
= 2 . ,
[ 2 -; 1 + ; 1 ^ ; c'j ,
c g R , ,
.
:
( 2 - ; 1 + | - ; 1 ! ) , c R . A

1.
?
2. ?
3.
* .
4.
( ?
5. -
, ) ;
) ; ) .
115
 6.
?
7. ? -
8.
?
9.
?

3.26. :
t -\- z - 4 = 0, + 2 z = 7,
1) + 2 - - 4 = 0, 2) 2 - + = 2,
- I 2* + i/ + 2z 16 = 0; I -\-2 = 7;
| 2/ + 2 = 5, * + 2/ + 13 = 0,
3) 2* + = 5, 4) ) + 2 + 2 16 = 0,
I 7 * + =^10; I 4 2;/ + 5 5 = 0.
3.27. :
| 1 2x2 ~\~4 = 6, I 2 * i 3 * 2 + = 2,
J) 2*1 *2 + 3 * 3 = 11 , 2) . 2 * |+ *2 4*3 = 9,
' 4 * i + *2 5* = 9; I 6 * j 5*2 + 2 * 3 = 1 7 ;
| * 1 + 2 * 2 3 = 9, | 2 * ] + *2 3* = 1,
3) . 2 * i *2 + 3 * = 1 3 , 4) * i 3*2 + 2 * = 1 0 ,
I 3*1+2*2 5*3 = 1; V 3*1 4* * = 5.
3.28. , :
, 3* + 4 + 1=0, ( 3 * - = 3,
1) 2* 5 30 = 0, 2) 4* + 7 = 4,
I 4* + 2 - 12 = 0; l - * T 6, = 9:
3.29.
4* 1 = 0 .
, ,

2* + 17 = 0,
* + 2 10 = 0,
3 .3 0 .
:
3 * + 4 ----- 3, f *i + * 2+ * + *4 = 0,
.. , 2* 2 + 2 = 9, I _ * 2 *3 + *4 = 0,
' 1 * + /+ 5 4 = 2, ' | *i + *2 xs *4 = 0,
4* 8(/ 3 + 3 = 10; I * + *2 + * *4 = 0;
* + *2 3* + 2*4 = 6, /" * + 2/ + = 8,
I *2 + *3 + 3 * 4 = 1 6 , I + 3 + = 15,
' I * 2*2 *4 = 6, 4*+ +
2* 3*2 + 2* 6; \ + + 5 = 23,
J16
 3.31.
/ *-|-/ + 2 = 0,
< 2: + i/ + 3 z = 0,
I 4 + 7z = 0
?
3.32.
/ 8 * + / + 4 = 0,
: ( / + = 0,
I 2: + 3 (/+ 2 = 0
?

14.

1. .
f ( x ) < g ( x ) / ( * ) < ( * ) , f () g (x )
,
( ).
/ () < g () ,
f ( ) - ^ g ( ) .
, ,
.

,

.
,
f () < g ().
, 0
2 + 1 > 0 , 2 0 + 1 = 1 > 0 , 1
, 2 -( 1 ) + 1 = 1 < 0 .

,
.
1.
1 > 0 .
,
,
> 4 - , . , , -

. 1
> ,
, .
-, ( ; + \ . :
117
 : : > .
.
2. 2 < 0.
,
(
0 ) ( = 0).
', .
(
),
. ,
,


.
, 1 > 0 6 > 2
. 2 > 1 > 1
, , , 2

.
f x () < g L() / 2 () <
< g 2 ().
,
.

() < \ (*) => /2 (X) < g 2 ().
, 2 > 1
> 1, . . > => 2 > 1.
, ,
.

() < gi () / 2 () < g 2 ().

,
1 > 0 > 1.
.
1) / ( x ) < g ( x )
f { x ) g{x) < , . .
f ( x ) < g () / (a:) g( x ) < 0 .
, 0
, . . / (0) < g (0), / (0) g (0) < 0 , . .
. , 0 -
118
 , 0
.
,
f ( x ) < g ( x ) & g ( x ) f ( x ) > .
2) ,
f () < g () m f () < m g (), . .
mf () < m g () & / () < g ( x ) .
< 0,
m f () < m g {) & f ( x ) > g ().
> 0.
: 0 , / (0) < g ( x 0), mf (0) < mg (0)
. ,
f ( x ) < g ( x ) ,
mf ( x ) > m g (), . , m f ( x ) < m g (x)<=>
o f ( x ) < g ( x ) , m > 0 . ,
mf () < m g () & f () > g (), < 0 .
2. . .
,
.
.

+ b > + <7 -f b ^ + q,
, , , q , .

.


< ft,
. ,
1) > 0 ,
> & > ,

< & <

. . >
1^ ; + o o j,
< b ( ; ;
119
 2) < 0,

> b < ,

< b ; >

. . ~>
< b

= 0, . . 0 - > 0 - < ,
. , b > 0,
0 - > ,
0 - < .
b < 0, 0 - < 6 . ,
0 - > b .
5 = 0, 0 - > 6 0 - <
.
1. :
) 2 + 1 ~2 2;
) + 1 > + 2;
) 2 2 2 I- 1.
) 2 + 1 > 4 - 2 4 > > 6;
) + 1 > + 24 0 - > 1; ,
;
) 2 + 2 > 2 + 1 0 - > 1; ,

, . . R
.
2. 2 + | | < 1.
,
.
, ^ 0 ,
2 + | | = 3 , ,
< 1 .

< 0; 2 + | | = 2 =
< 1 .
< 0.
120

, , <
.
: < - .
3-
| 1 1< | + 2 1+ 1.

:
< 2, - 2 < < 1, > 1 .
< 2,.
+ 1 < 2 + 1 , . . 0- < 2. ,
( ; 2) .
2 ^ < 1,
+ 1 < + 2 + , . . 2 > 2, > 1.
[2; 1)
( 1; 1).
1,
1 < + 2 + 1 , . . 0- < 4 .
^ 1 .
,
: > 1.
: > 1.
3. .
2- + + > 0 , ? + + < 0 ,
, , , 0,
.
,
D > 0,

2- + + ( *) ( 2),
Xf, Xj
? + + = 0. (1)
D = 0,
2 + 6 + = ( 0)2,
0 = ! = 2 (1).
D > 0, ^ + +
= = 2
. , -
 x 1 < 2;

(x ) ( x 2) > 0, < ,
( ) ( 2) < 0, < < 2,
( ) ( 2) > 0, > 2.

, D > 0, ( ; )
(2; + )
2 -f bx + > 0, > ,
2 + + < 0, < ,
(; 2)
2 + + < 0, > ,
? + 5 + > 0, < 0.
D = 0, / = + 6 +
= 0
:
2 + + > 0 , > 0 ,
2 + + < 0, < ,

=^0.
D < 0, (1)
, . .
= 2 + + ,
: 2 + + > 0, > 0, 2 + + < 0,
< 0, 7?.
' 1. :
) 2 5 6 > 0; ) 2 5 6 < 0;
) 2 5 6 ^ 0 ; ) 2 5 6 ^ 0 .
) 2 5 6 = 0
: Xj = 1, 2= 6. ,
25 6 = ( + 1) ( 6),
2 5 6 > 0, < 1 > 6.
) 2 5 6 < 0, 1 < < 6.
) 2 5 6 ^ 0 ,
) 1
6,
. , ^ 1 ^ .
) ) ) , 1 < ! ^ 6 .
2.
22 7 + 4.
122
 22 7 4 -4 = 0 : ^
= 4, 2 = 0,5. , 2 ( + 4 )( 0,5),
, < 4, / / < 0 ; 4 < < 0,5,
> 0; > 0,5, < 0.
: (4; 0,5)
[ 4; 0,5].
3. :
) 24 -6 9 > 0; ) 24 -6 9 < 0;
) 2 + 6 9 ^ 0 ; ) ,2 + 6 9 ^ 0 .
, 2 + 6 9 = ( )2.
, 2 + 6 9 < 0 3 2+ 6
9 = 0 = 3.
: ) ; ) \ ) = 3;
) x g R .
4. :
) 2 + 6 + 10 > 0; ) 2 + 6 + 10 < 0;
) 2 - -f-10 > 0 ; ) 2 4 - 6 x 4 - < 0 .
24 - 6 + 1 0 = 0
. , 2 4-
4 - 6 + 1 0 .
> 1 0 = 0, 2 4- 6 4- 10 > 0
R .
: ) R \ ) ; )
* ; ) .
4. .
P i (X) . 2 ()
Q i(x) Qi ()
Pi (x) , Q t(x), 2() Q2 () ,
.

.

.
1. > 1-

- - ^ 2 > 0
> 2
.
: > 2.
X-[ 1
2. > 1.
123
 ,

> - *?>

, .
,
2 1 > 0, 2 > 0, . .
: > < 2. ,

( ; 2^ .
2 1 < 0, 2 < 0, . .
< > 2, ,
.
: < < 2.
^2 I J
3. ' - _ { < 2 + 1 .

< 2 * + 1 2*

(: 2) ( 1) > 0.
(. 12),
0 < < 1, : > 2.

- -
- ---------- ' -'
0 Q /02

. 12

5. .
,
.
, 1

( 2+ 1 > 0 ,
\ * + 2 > 0,
2 ,
,
.
124

.
,
' .

.
1.
^ -j~ 2,
+ 1 ~2 + 2.

[ X< 1

I <2.
: < 1.
2.
2 + 1 > + 2,
1 > 2.

I >1,
, _
\ \> ,
.
, , .
3.
J 2 + 2 ^ 0 ,
\ 2 + 2 ^ 0 .

( 1) ( 2 ) > 0 ,
- ( + \ ) ( 2) > 0 .

, (. 13) ^ 1 ^ 2 .

__ '
1
. 13

-/
. 14
, (. 14)
1
125
 ,
1 ^ 1 %= 2 .
4.

~ ^ + 3

, ()
= + 3 (. 15).
, / ^
^ + 3

,
() + 3
(. 16).
,
( 1)

,
,
.

). '
126
 5.
( 2 + 5 < ,
\ / + 4 1 > 0.
1) :
( 5
- ( 2 < 5, < Y X~ Y >
1 < , .
/>-4+1 +

3 5 4 1
2) '^ + ''-
3)
,

. 18

3 5
= -2 x - j ;
, -
't . 1
= g + .
4)
,
127

( . 18
).

1. ?
2 . ?
3. ?
4. ?
5. ?
6. ,
I .
I 7. .

3.33. :
1) 5 (* 1) (7 *) < *2; 2) (* 3)5 < ( + 2 ) -|-3;

3.34. :
1)+1<|[; 2) | 9 | > 4 5;
3) | ; 6 | < + 2; 4) 3 | * + 20 | < - 2 0 ;
5) ] * + 3 | > \ 2 |; 6) | 2 | 5 < | * + 1 1.
3.35. :
1) *2+ * 6=3:0; . 2) 2 2* + 0 ;
3) 3*? 1 9 * + 6 < 0 ; 4) *? + 9 < 6*;
5) 2*2+ 3* 5 < 0 ; 6) * (* + 5 ) < 2 (*2+ 2);
7) 6*2 7 * + 2 > 0; 8) (* + 4) (* + 6) < 6 (* + 6).
3.36. :

3.37. :

128
 3,38.
:

< - - ^ + 4,
+ * : 1. 1,
3)
: , 0 ; </= ; j2J f +, 4j

*5*0,
4<<6, + 2 > 0 ,
4) 3 < / < 2;
S)
< 2;
1 0, 2{/-|-2 5 ,
y l^sQ, 2,
) -\- 3 gs 0,
7) 1,
: 7 # -f-4 2 ^ 0 ; 2 3 ^ 0;
2 + 2 > ,
8) 2-\-2 < 0 ,

15.

.
.
.
26 , 14 , 10 .
1 30 ,
2 20 .




1 2 3

1 3 4 6
2 3 5 2

(
) .
,
1 ,
,
.
1 3 0 .
26
5 , . X 129
, 2 6
2 . 2
14 , + 20
.
,

1 2 3

1 X 30
2 26 14 + 20

, S

:
S = + + 6 (3 0 ; )-\- 3 (26 ) +
+ 5 (1 4 ) + 2 ( + 20),
. .
S = 288 5. (1)
,
, ,
:
( * > 0,
> ,
30 /> 0 ,
2 6 -* > 0 , {)
1 4 - /> 0 ,
+ 2 0 ^ 0.
S
,
(2).
A B C D E (. 19). 5
.
, S

ABCDE.
S
AB C D E . ,
130
 I,

288 4 5 = . (3)
, S
I A B C D E .

, -
(3)
A B C D E , ,
288 4 5 = ,
> 0
AB C D E .
S , ,
,
, (3),
A B C D E .
, ,
,
. ,
S '
ABC D E.
S
ABCD E:
' S () = 288 4- 6 5 14 = 194,
S (S ) = 2 8 8 4-16 5 -14 = 154,
. S (C ) = 288 4- 26 5 - 4 = 164,
S (D ) = 288 4 - 2 6 = 184,
S (E) = 288 4- 20 = 208.
131
 , S 154
, . . = 16, = 1 4 .
, (
)
:

1 2 3

1 16 14 0
2 10 0 10

, S
208 (20; 0).
.

54 , 20 .
^ .
'
.
,

.

, ,

,
.

3.39. s=2(x-\-y)
, :
I 2 /-|-6 0 ,
-\- 3 ^ 0 ,
I 3 * 5*0,
3.40. s = \ 2 x - \ - 4 y
, :
( + 2320,
^ 0 ,
j 2-1^0,
\ 4 ^ 0 .
3.41.
, 1 40 ,
132
 2 20 . 1 3Q
, 2 20 , 3 10 .

1 2 3

1 3 4 5
2 3 5 2

133
 4
. .

16.

1. .
.

,
.

: , , . .
.
.
,
. ,.
- /
, ,
, f
, f: * y = f (x) ,
. / : F, g,
. .
,
= 2, * [ 1; 1], (1)
,
[ 1; 1],
, :2.
y = f ( x) , .
,
.
,
,
, .


.
, [ 1; 1],
[ 1; 1],
134
 [0; 1].
= \ [ 0 ; 1],
[0; 1],
[0; 1].
y= x\ xR,
R
,
.
2. .
, /: +
f .
, /
, , /
.
,
.
/: >-

,
.
v 3. .
, . . ,

.

= 2 -\-3 , xR, y = V x 1, x ^ l ;
xl + 1 _n , i
TZTj- , * / ? , 1.

[\, 6 R [] , . .
, . ,
[1] = 1, [1, 5] = 1, [ 0, 2] = 1, [ ] = 0 .
4. .
.

. , ,
()
.
,
.
135

.
, .

( ) ( ),

y R .
, 2, x R , .
,

. ,
%, x R, y = x2, x N ,
; ,
1; 4; 9;
16; . . . ; ; . . .
, y = f (x) ,
,
f () ,

.
, f ( x) x 2 5 + 6
x ( t R ,
;
f () = 1 5 + 6
R, .
4
^
, ,

, 3 ( * = 3
4
5
X

.
, ,
\ 2 + 1, x R , < 0 ,
\ 2, x R , > 0 .
, ,
R, ( ),
,
. , , [],
.

( ) .
,
. ,

,

.

,

.
, ,
-
.
,
,
.

.



.
,
f ()
/ ~() , ^ .

()
(. 20 ).
5. ,
.
, .
.
, ,
= \ * [0 ;2 J .

[0; 2]
[0; 4] (. 21).
, 6 [0 ; 2 ]
y = x 2 g [0 ; 4]. ,
: [0; 4]
[0; 2].
.
137
 /=/(), , ,

$ .
y * * f (), ,
/ * .
/'* : *-,
,
f i x ) -
,
y=*f ( x) , ,

,
f.
f ~ l : 3
fi * . -
, f ~l 2 * .
, f ~ l f.
/ / - 1 .
1. ,
- 2 1, * 6 [2 ; 5],
, .
</=2 1
\

, .
, ,
.
, .

. ,
[3; 9].
,
* [8 ;9 ],

.

, - .
,
,
. ,
138
 ,

= ^ > -[3; 9],

.
,
1 , ,


.
,
y = f ( x )
y = f ~ l (x) '
.
2.
2, ( [ 1 . 22
1]?
, ,
, = \

* [ 1; 1]: *= * = 4 (- 22).
6. . /
,
/ ( ) = /( ).

/ () = + 2 , /( ) = | | + 1 ,
/( ) = | | , /( ) = 2 * 4 - 2 "*,

, /( ) =
= ~1-2, [ 1; 1],
/( ) = - ^ , .
,
(, . 23).


. ,
^


.
f
, . 23
139

/ ( - * ) = -/(* )

f ( x) = x a, /(* ) = * \\, /(* ) = 2 2~ ,
, f () =
*= x V \ , 1; 1],
f(x) = -^-, .
,
(, . 24).

, ,
^
*
.


,
-
.

(; ),
{ 4; 2} (J {2; 4},
Q . .
,
. 24 y f (x), ^ ,
, ,
, . .
,
.

. , f (x) ==yrx
, ,
(0 ; + ),
. ,
.
, , ,
f () + 1 , .
, .
,
.
7. . f
,
I 0 ,
140

f ( x l) = f ( x) = f ( x + l).
/ /.
I /,
, nl,
, 0 .
.
f(x) = x [x\.
.
:
/ (2) = 2 2 = 0;
f (5,32) = 5,32 5 = 0,32;
/(0 ,3 2 ) = 0,32 0 = 0,32;
f ( - 3 ,2 1 ) = - 3 , 2 1 - ( - 4 ) = - 3 , 2 1 + 4 = 0,79;
/ ( 0,21) = 0,21 ( 1) = 0,21 + 1 = 0 ,7 9 .

f ( x + a) = (x + ) [( - ) ] ={ + ) [\ = [] = / ().
? ,
, .

/ ( ^

,
).
,
10

/,
I
= n l0, , . 25
.
,
1.
,
1,
. ,
y f ( x )
, /0,
^ . < -\- /0.
/0,
y = f (x).
141
 ,
f [ ) [] 0 s ^ x < 1 ( 1),
, ,
(. 25).
8 . . f
, x t 2
/ , < 2,
/( ,) < / ( * 2).
, f ( x) = ax-\-b
R , > 0.
, xf < 3,
f W / (Xt) =* a (x2 Xi) > 0 .
f ,
f ,
< 2,
1 / (xt) ^ / (2). ,
2 f () = []
* 1
R (. 26).
1 t- j i
\ ' 1 f
jI 1 1 - ,
3\ 0 1 Z 3 xt
-1 f ,
11 11
I
< 2,
1 -2
,
1
I f () > f (.,).
|_ > J ------------ - ,
l / () -\-, < 0 ,
.26
R .
f {x) 3, x R , ,
.
JCj < 2;
/ (-'-) / (x l) = ' + '\ = ( ) (\ + XjXj-f-Xj).
\ + , 2 -f \ > 0 ,^ =
f(x*) f(x i) < 0.
/ ,
, 2 f , < 2>
/ '() / (2). ,
f ( x ) = [] R (. 27).
. 28
.
, f ()
(), f ()
(), .
142
 , ,

.
.
'^, .

, .

. 28

/( ), ,
.

. , ,
0 = f () **1{2),
< 2, , f (xj) < f ( x 2),
/( ) .
, f

/ ~ 1 (), .
, -
.
, < 2 (),
2 = / _ 1 (/). / ,
< 2. , , xs ^ ,,
y 1 = / ( x 1) > f (2) = 2,
/ < . ,
.
*
. 1

1. ?
2. ?
3. , ?
 4. ' ?
.
5. ?
6. ?
7. .
' .
8. ?
.
9. ?
10.
?
11. ,
?
12. ?
? .
13. ?
? .
14. ?
.

4.1. f (5), / ( I), f , / ( 2,1),

\)f(x)-x\ 2) f (x) = ;

3) f () = 3 5+1; 4) f (x)
3
x_ {

4.2. , :
1) = ; 2) = | * | 2 ; 3) = j - i - y ;

\ * 2 1 2 * , / ------
4)0= ; 5) 6) ^ .
4.3. :
1) = :2 4; 2) = 1; 3) ^ %
. 5x-j-6\
4) \ 5* 4 (; 5) = | * | ; 6) </ = L j .

4.4. :

{
1 , > 0, .
0, * = 0, 2) /(* ) = 2 ~ 1( ^ 0,

1 , < 0; * < 0.
4.5. . 29
?
144
 4.8. , (.oops-
); :

1) = - 2 ; 2) = 3) = % % ' .
4) \ \ ; 5) = | 2 I; 6) = 1..
>

4.7. , ,
:
1) ) = . 5; 2) /( * ) = * + 1; 3) f () = | 1 - * | ;

4) f ( *)= **+ *; 5) f ( x ) = X1.; 6) f ( x ) = - ^ _ x \

7) / (*) = 8) f () = 2 * x?.

'

. 30

4.8. f () :
1) f i x) = 7;
, ,
2) f () ;
3) / - 2 + ;
4) = [ | ] - 1?
10 , . 1 145
 1.9. ' > 0:

1) = 2 1; 2) 2 5; 3) </ = ?
4.10. - < 0:
I) = + 1 ; 2) = - 2 + 1; 3) / = ?
4.11. . 30 ^
?
4.12. :
1) ? = 5:-)-65 2) 2 ^ \ 3) | 1 1= 2; 4) ~ ^ ~ -
4.13. :
1) 2 * 1 > + 1 ; 2) 2. > ; 3) 2- 7 + 12 > 3.

17.

1. .


. ,
= 1
d 2

1; 3; 5; . . . ; 1 + 2 ( - 1 ) ; . . .
, at 1
1
q = , . .
1- . 1 .
3 9 " - 1
.

,
()
(
), . . . ,
N .
.
,
.

:
; 2; 8; . . . ; \ . . . ().

: {}.
146
 : , n N .
, 2 /
, . . . , - () ,
1, 2 ,
.

.
1.
, ,
.
1. (),

,
. ,

a, _ l t I 2 - o , a ,= i fc i - l,

. . ,
0; 1; 0; 1; ...

(), = / (), N,
: / (n),.n (tN>->,
: an = f(n).
(_ 1)+1
2. = - .

1; ~ ~ 27 ~ 6 4 0

3. = 3, n N .
3; '3; 3; . . .
, .
,
,
.
2.
() .
,
( ),

1-17
, .
.
,
,
.

= --2- 0 )
,
- .
,
. '
, ( 1) = 1 = 2 ,
' 0 _ 0 1 ,
{ 2 .
2
. , 3,
2
.
, , ax= \ , 2 = 0.
3 22 1 = 2 0 1 = 1,
4 = 2 3 2 = 2 ( 1) 0 = 2 ,
5 = 2 4 3 = 2 - ( 2) ( 1) = 3
. . ,
, ==
= 2 _ 1 _ 2
] = 1 = 0 .
3. ,
. . . :
) (),
V 2 -
; ,
= 2; 2 = 1 ,5 ; 3= 1 ,4 2 ; 4 = 1,415; . . . ;
) (), n - ;
2; 4; 6 ; 8 ; 10;
12 ; . . . ;
) (), = 2 , ,
= 0 , .
,
: = 1 + ( 1)".
'
.
:
148
 1) () ,
N ,
, . .
, n N , (;
). . 31
.
= 4 > nN.
2)
()
= , ( t N , . 31
.
. 32
= - i- , n N .

UgtUf 3 Of
T T T ~ 1 --------------------- t l >
J 4a z
. 32

. 33, 34
1_L/_1\rt
, n N , 1.

------- --------------- ^ . , ( (~1,2,.)

'I !
__________
/
. 33 . 34

2. .
,
,
.
() ,
,
. .
at > 2 > > . . . > > +1 > . . .
, ()
, + < .
,
1; 1/22; 1/32; . . . ; 1/2; . . .
149
 , l / ( n + l ) 2 < 1/ .
. 35,
, ,
+, ,
.
, 2 ,
1 : ~1
1 9 4
. 35

() ,
+1^ . , , ,
.
1 1 1 1 1 1
, > I - 1 5 ^ 7
,
.
, ,
+,
, (. 36).

4if\a3 2'ia1
------ 1-----,----- 1,J-------- 1________________ 1 j-

. 36

(an) -
,
, . .
at < 2 < 3 < . . . < < an+i < . . .
, ()
, an < .a n+i .
= > N ,
,
+ 2 1 I .
a-L.i
- 1-1



1 +j :1
1 :-
( - (-1) .

, , + > . . 37,

, ,
an+i, ,
.
150
 () ,
^ +1 , , ,
.
1 2
1 1 ) ii$
34
. 37

, 1; 1; 2; 2; 3; 3; 4; 4 ; . . .
,
.
, ,

Qll&z\ 3 lff4i #7l&af

--------- - U ------ 1-------------- 1------ 4-------- > .
0 i t 8 b
. 23

& o+i*
, -
(. 38),.
,
. ,
1; 2; 1 ; 4; - ; 6 ; . . . 1; 0; 1; 0; 1; 0; 1; 0; . . .

.
3. .
() ,
,
^ ^ .
I? .
.
1. ,
.
,
.
2.
.
,
.
3. ,
. ,
, .
151
 , = -~ a=*=( I)*

, 1 1 < ( 1 ) " ^ 1
N . = , = 2 , = ( 1)"
. ,
, 1 ^
n N , ,
, ^
nN.
,
= 2
, *=( 1)
, .
()
[m; ],
.
, ()
[ ; ,
, . ,
( ~ f j At 1,
1 n ( t N . ,
[0 ; 1].
= 2 t i , n N ,
At 2, .
, : ,
2i < m, . . [m; ],
< 2 .
I > ^ " ] ' ,
[mj ],
.
,
( ) ,
( )
/ = 1, 1^ . , n N ,
( ) ,
an ^ . a t , n N .
( ) -

(. . ) ,
( )
(. .
).
162
 , = 1----- , n ( t N , ~
, = == 0 ^
n ^ N . 1 < 1 . n N , *= 1.
,
. = 1 + ~ , n g N ,
, 1 = 2 ^ n N .
1 < 1 + 6 N , m'*= 1. ,
.
, ()
,
, | | ^ .
,
| | | |.
,
1 2 , 2 , . .

1 + - ^ 2 n N .

1. ?
2. ?
3.
- .
4.
.
5. .
6. ?
?
.
7. ? *
?
.
8. .
9. ?
.
10. ,
.
1

4.14.
:
3 2- 1 . ( 1) - \
" - + \' 2) " ,2-|- 3) 3+ 4
4) * = '- ) = 2 + 1 ; 6) = ^ .
4.15. a = ? -fc -2 + l
:
1) 289; 2) 361; 3) 1000; 4) 223?
4.!6. ,,= ? \7
:
1) _ 3 0 ; 2) 72; 3) 100?
, ?
4.17. (),
1) Oi = l, a + i = a + 1; 2) = 7, + = 3;
3) = 5, + 1 = 2 ; 4) = - ~ , + = ^-;

5) = 2, + = 2 + ; 6) 1 = - 2= 1, +2 = + + .
4.18. ,

:
1) ~3; 2) 5; 3) .
4.19. ,
:
1) 3-2; 5-22; 7-23; 9-2*; 11-25;
\ 1 . 2 . . . .
> 2 23 23 21' 25
3)' JL. _L. _!_ J_.
1-2 2 -3 3 -4 4 -5 5 -6
3_\ ( 4 \2 / 5
4 J ; U ; V 7 ); v 9 / ' VII
1 1 1
5) 1
2 2 3 4 / 4 5
4.20. ( )
, :

4 ) = 1 3; 5)= ^ ; 6) = ^ ;
3 ti
|1 _1 5 1 1, 1
7) -----s 8) ------------------------------------------; 9) 2-\--------

4.21. ,
, :
\ ^ /2-J-4 0. .
1) *= ; 2) = 3) = ( 1)" 6 ;
154
 4) = 2 7/ + ; 5) a = -3 n 2- f 5 n-j-6; 6) an ;
/I"
m 3n2+ 2 . ~ ( - 1). ~ n* + ( - J ) n .
7) = > 8> a n = - I 9) a =
n?-f 1
j_. j_ j_. j_. j_.
IQ) 1
2 2 4 '
4 6 6 *
11) 1 1; 3; 3; 5; 5; 7; 7; , . . ;

12) 3 1 - 5- 1- 7- -
2 4 6
4.22. , (an)} -
:
2 *-f- Qn
a + I = - 2S T 1=
.
4.23. , (), -
1 I
: + f = * = 2, ,
4.24.
:

1) a = - ^ ! 2) = ^ : 3) a = (I^ n!
f l)n 1 4 - ( -J i
4) a = ( 1) ?; 6) a n ~ ' 6) a = ----- ------------ J
2n n 5 ..
75 _ ^ ; * an n? : J !
10) = 3 - " ; 11) a = -n ?
4.25. (an) :
a + 3
a i = 0 + -
4

, *
4.26. ()

= 0, 2= 1 + = ^ -

, *
4.27. () :
a i = 2 a n + i = a + 1.

, .
4.28. ()
.
ai= 1 a+i = .
1"t- Ctrl
un
, ,
is*
 18.

1. .
.

. ( 1)

,

3.

.
.
, 3
0 ,001 ?

1
I 3 1=

\ 3 | < 0,001
> N 0= 1000 .

\ 3 | < (2)

> .
, : (2 )
t t > A ' = | - ^ - j ,

,
( 1) 3,
== 3 .
-*-

.
1.
(),
N ,
n > N
\ | < .

lim
-+-
156
 : ( )
() .
, N
, . . N N ().
2. ,
, ,
.
.
1. ,

+1 _ 3

2 1 2'

N () , > N
-j- 1
| '2 1 2 .<

= 0 , 1 ; 0 , 0 1 ; 0 , 0 0 1 .
-
+1

an ?fa
s > 0 N = N ( ) ,

+1
2 < 8 > N . (3 )
2 1

+ 1
2- '2 (2 1)

(3)
2,5
2 1 < ,
. 2,-5 + 8
> ^ .
,
,
 , N () -
2,5 + 2,5 + "1
- ^ . . N = ,
, ,
- 3
-+- 1 z

N ()
. , ,
= 0 , 1;

* - ]- -
. . ( 0 ,1 ) = 13.
3 I

> 13.
1
< 0,1

N >
N = 0,01; 0,001: N (0,01) = 125
N (0,001) = 1250.
,
,
.
2. , lim ?4;*=0.
-

> 0
^ < . 1 0 " > 1 + 9, ^ ^ ^ ^ ,

, < , ^ < . , N = j ^

0 <

> N = J.

, lim r;L = 0 .A
-*

8 . , ( )
( ')
;
= . lim ' = .
- ->00
158
 ,

< -

2 , >
N = ^ j , < 8 > N .
,
| | < | ' | <

> N =

lim = lim ' = .
/2 > -> 0 0

2.
. lim = \ , -

, > 0 N ,
| | < > N .

(| | < ) ( < < ) ( < < + ),
(),
, > N , . . aN+ii aN+2 . .,

_ _1_
O'- a'-s a a+s
. 39

( ; + ) (. 39). ,
( ; + ), > 0 ,
- .
, ()
, , --

, ,
.
,
. , > ,
159
 ( ; + ) ( )
, . .
,
. ,

, 0 < < > , . .

,
= - ,
,
N.
.

0 } li 0 ; 1; . . . ; 1 + ...

.
, ,
-,
. ,
0 1 1 ,
( ; + ), 0 < <
0 , 1 , . .
-
. ,
-,

, ,
, . . .
3.
.
. ,
.
!
() , ,
, = 1 N ,
( 1; + 1) *, , . . . , aN.
, . . . , aN , 1, + 1

. , ^ ^ . , . .
() . 9
,

160
 .

. ,
( 1 + ( 1)"), n N ,
.
4. .
.
.

. , (),
. . < .
, =
- ^ - > 0,
+ < . ( 1)

lim , , ,
-*-
8 = ^, > /,
| | < 8 , , < + 8 .
, lim a = b, N 2 ,

> jV2 | a b\ < , , b < .

N = max {\; N 2} :), , b < < -fe
n > N , ( 1).
,
. I I
5. .
.
,

.
. .
, .
,
, .
,

lim ^ = 0 (. 2 . 1).

*) -{; 2; . . . ;}
cL, 2, . . . , .
6 , . 1 161
 1.
(), ,
= + 1 ()
.
lim =. > 0 -
~ >

N = N ( e ) ,
| | < 8 n > N , ( 1)

= ,
' | | < > N. (2 )
, lim a = 0.
->
,
( ), a = a - f a , ( a j
.
,
(2 ) ( 1 ) .
, ,
3.
3 / + 3 0 3
, a = - 7 = ------ 5 = 3 --------.
^ +1 + 1 +1
l i m ^ = 0> (
- ~ 1 1J
. , 1
3.
2.
.
() ()
. > 0 N ,

|< > N j, (3)

N$ ,
I | < > N 2. (4)

N max {Nt ; N 2) , ,
n > N (3) (4) .
> N

I + | ^ | | + 1 | < - j + -g- = .

162
 > ,
, lim ( + ) = 0 , . . -
- +

( + ) .
, ( ^ )
.
.
,
^
.
3.

.
()
| | ^ . (5)
, , ()
. > 0 N = N ()
,
I I < > N. (6)

(5) (6 ) ,

= <

> W. ,
lim a,,bn ,
- >

. . () .
, f \ -
/ 2 1\ "
, ( % ) -.

,
,. 2
lim = 0 .
-^
>. *^V.
, 3 ,

. ,
6* 163
, ( 1)" ,
. , =
= , n N , , lim = 0 .
t l ^

.
, . . (. . 3),
3 ,

.
,
. ,
.
6. .

, , .
1 ( ).
() () , (an-j-bn)

lim ( -f bn) = lim + lim .
-> ->
00

lim lim bn = \
-*
1 . 5
= () ,
bne=b + fl, ) .
,
+ = ( + b) -f (a B+ ).

, (a+p)
. , 1
.
lim ( + ) = + i>= lim + lim .
-+ & - < > -

,
,
,
.
2 ( ).
() () ,
164
 (anbn)
lim (anbn) - (lim an) (lim b j .
-+ ft 00 rt-P-00

lim a = a lim bn = 6 ;
n->oo -+
(. 1 . 5)
'a B= a + a & = 6 + p, .

(a) () .
,
anbn = ab + ( + + ).
2 3 . 5 , ( +
aP + ap) .
, 1 . 5
lim (anbn) = ab = (lim ) (lim b j .
-+ < * > - + - -

,

,.
1.^
:
\im (can) = c \\m a h. . . .
CD > X

2 v
lim (ca) = lim lim a = lim
/ 1 CD A t- > C D t l'- * C P ;/! - > . . . n ,

lim = .
. . -. - . %. , ., . . ............
2 . ( d j '(&)
, ( ')

Jim (a bn) - lim a lim bn.
ri-i+co ' rc->ao 1 .. r:
1
.Ji;n.(rt- - 6 J = lim (a + ( ,1),&) = lira a + lim ( I) f>B. , .
n > CO 0 0 - * - r t - > CD

, 1 . .
lim (a &)'===' lim tf lirri&.
;i- k- . .. x - -9>< n-+
165
 .
3. () (),
0, lim bn 0,
->
)
(I)
lim .
lim _.
ft lim
-*

.
1. :
... 8 3 ,. 8 (2 4)

, 2 1
) lim =------ - .
- 4 5 3

)
( -
),
. :
(
),
.
:

lim
8 3
8 -1

lim 1
-* ( - 4)
-> 13- 7 -> 1 - 7 lim I
-+00
lim 8 lim
-> - tl ------U

13 .. , 0 - 7 7
l i m -------lim 7
-+ t l -*

, 8 (? 4) 1. 2
,_2_ !0
) 11 5--------- - - ~ = 8 lim ------:------ = 2 .
^- ' 3 4/? - . 1 _ 1 _ 4
2

2 1 2 3 .
) 1-1111
> ^ ^
= llm
->
1__----- 5------- = '
____________1
3 2

.
166
 . ,
(), () () ^
< () ()
, ()
() ().

= lim = .
-+
, ,
> 0 ^,
< < + > ?*,
N it
< < + >2.
, n > N max {N 2},
< < < > < + 8
, ,
| | < . ( 1)
, > 0 N ,
n > N (1).
, lim c = a.
-*-
2. lim sirm.
tl
+
.
0 < l i m = 0,

, , lim -j- sin = 0.

>

7. .

.
. ()
,
N ,
n ~ > N \ \ > .

lim = .
rt-*CO
, = , . . ( )
. -> .,
.
167
 . (), 0,
,
, .
() .
, , > 0
N ,
| | > > N . ( 1)

8 = -^-, (1)

-r-i-y < j- = > N.

, , lim == 0 , . .
-*-
.
()
. , , > 0
N ,
| | < > N. (2)

= - - > 0 , (2)
7-- > = > N ,
I 1 ^ ^

. . .

,
, () .
. , lim qn = 0, | ^ | < 1 ,
? = , | <7 1> 1.
-+
| <7 1> 1, | <?| = 1 + , > 0 ,
(. 8 , . 1, 2) ,
k l " = (l + )> 1 + . (3)
,
lim (1 + /) = ,
-+-00
. . (1 -f hn) .
(3) , (qn)
168 *
 , . .
lim qn *= .
-*
|<7 | < 1. q** 0, <7"= 0
, ,
lim qn 0 .
-+ -

q 0 , j J> 1.

( ) n $ N > .


qn, n N , , . . ^ = 0 .

8.
.

.
.
.
.
,

,
.
. ,


= ( 1 + 7 ) , n N .

( , + ) " +1'
, ,
> 0. , !
 2

. .

, 2

-1 > ~ 1 1

11

, () .
, , 0 ^ bn
n N . ,
() .
():

1
lim

, lim (1 + ) .

-- \ ^ /
, . .

,
. ,
10 * 2,7183.
9. .
()

2 flj 4 - a 3 + 3 + . . . + + . . . ( 1)
= I
.
- () .
Si a u S 2 = a! + a 2> S 3 =.' + + 3 . .
(1), S n = ax -\-
+ 2 + . . . + - .
170
 .
, ,

.
,
.
1.

2 ( _ 1)-* = 1 _ 1 + 1 _ . . . + ( _ 1) - + ...
= 1
\

= 1, Sa= 0, S3= l , S4= 0........ 11 S2n , . . .
00

, , 2 ( .
2.

V ___ _ L I _ L 4_ _L_ _i_ j _ ______ !________l

2 - n(n + l) _ l-2 't'2 . 3 'r 3.4"r - , I 'n (n + 1) ^
n= 1

:
1
* _ | 12 _ 1 _ 12 9

S 2 = a 1 + a 2 = Y72 + 2 ^ = ( 1 ) + ( - ) ~ 1 ~

S = ai + 2 + + ( 1 2 ) ^ ( 2 3) +

+ ( - ) + --- + ( 4 - |) + ( - ) = 1- ;
,
lim S n lim ( l ^ ) = 1.
->00 \ 1 /
, , , ,
1 , . .

X , ( + 1) = 1:
/2= 1
3.
, 3. . . ,
.
171
 !

(2 )

. . . ,

: S n = _ 1.
(. 3 . 1) lim = , (2 )
.
10. '
. , . .
an ,a1qn~1.
, ,
,

( 1)
|-<7 | < 1 , - .
, q 1
, . . /- ( 1),
>,
_ M l - 9")
" 1- q

, , (1) | 7 | < 1.
,
,
. ,

:
( 2)

, , ., </(| </]-,< 1) -
.- ... . .
. 1. , .-
 (), = ^ 1,
,
at = 1 q = ,
(2 ):
oj 1 1 3

= 0,12. . ,am(bjb2. . .b n). ,
.
(2 ):
bibn.. ,bn . \%. .. .
& (toI^1^2 JOm+ n I JO+Jn
b\b2. . ,bn 1
~ 0| 2 . . . |0 + ]

1- *
I bfbo. . . bn
, . . . + .
,
= . . . bn) =
I b\bo. . . bn /o\
= . . . am + jo (io,j l) * ^)
2.
0,(28514) 3,2(63) .
(3), :
/- , 285 714 285714 2-142857 2.
-)- 10* _ j 999999 7 . 142 857 7

3,2(63) = 3,2 - f jq.^j0a = 3 + -jo 4* jQTg^ =

. (3) 1 fc, = 9,

9 , 1
jo (10 jj > 10* *
,
, ,
, ,
,
.
173
 , 1(9) = 2. ,

1.(9) = 1 + ^ 1+ 1 = 2 .

6,3(9) = 6,4. ,

1. ?
2.
?
3.
.
4. ?
5. ?
.
6. ?
.
7. -
.
8. -
.
9.
.
10.
(. ).
11. ?
12. ?
13. ?
14.
.

4.29. ,

lim ' =5. .

-..+ 1 ,
 J ___ ^

4.31. lira " ; 1. n,

tl -* "7 ~ t l

j. , -4-1 0,1; 0,001?

|2+
/ 1 1
4.32. lim 5- 5-7
-* . - j - t l Z
,
1| 2-- , --- --- -
/2+ 2
0,01 ; 0,001?

4.33. , ,
: * *
4/ + 2 ( 3 ) " + 2 -. , , 1
1) ^ , 2) ---------- 2 )

4) = 2 1; 5 ) = 2 1; ) = ,

4.34. :
, 2 3 1 3
*) 4 = 8 ; 2) - 2 ; 3) . 2 + 1 :
.. 2 + 2 1 3
} 142 ) ( + 1)3 :
1 , 2 N _ ..i2n2+ 5
6) 1 ^ + + ; 7) ^ + 7 = :

8) 1 + 2 + - . - + ; 9) lira - - - -' ,
t l -* ^ - . (___ | ___ ( 1___ ^
- . -I- f

4.35. :
1) , ;
2) , ;
3) , ;
4) , ?
4.36. ,
:
. 1 4 q +1
1) / = 2^ ; ?) 4 _ ; " 2+ 2

4)

;

)
1 CN
4 6) _^
1

7) _ - ( - ! ) " + > ; 8) = , ; ; 9)

4.37. :
 4.38.
(), ,
1) *2= i - . ? = - g - ; 2) 3 = 1, ? = - ! }

3) 2 = 2, <7= i - j 4) * = q= ~ ,

4.39. :
1) 0,82(63); 2) 13,83(54); 3) 8,4(57);
4) 10,3(621); 5) 32,2(54); 6) 3,09(04),

19.
1. .
,
.
. / ()
, , ,
. f ()
( , ),
, n N ,
,
f ( x n), n N , .

lim f ( x ) = B f () >.
-+
, f (x) , lim f () =
-*- -*
, N , .
1. , -2 = 0.
-+0

0, n N , , . .
l i mx = 0. , (( ) = , lim / (*) =
- > -+

*= lim % lim lim 0 .

> - > 00 -* 00

, lim :2 = 0.
-*
^2_ J
2. , l i m ----- 2.
-* 1 *

1, n N , I , . . lim = 1.
_ j^2_ [

, f ( x ) ^ _ l ,

lim / () = lim = lim ( + 1) = 2 .

/I -* -> 1 -*-
176
 ,

lim * = 2. A '
*-*1 * ~ l

a, n N , ,
f ( x n), n N ,
, f ( x )
. f ()
,
, ,
.
3. , lim ^- .
-> 1*1
, :

, n ( t N . lim / () lim - = 1.
>00 >

, :
_____ 1_

' ------ , n N . lim f(x"n) = lim - = 1.

^ -+ _
tl
,
,
,
f () -- : = 0 .
1 I
, ,
f ( x) ,
f () (. 1),
,

(. 2 ).
,
.
4. ,
.
f () = ,
.
() , >- .* , / () =

lim / () = .

12 , . 177
 ,
lim f ( x ) = lim .
x -+a x a

5. , f ( x ) = X j
lim / () lim .
-> ->

() , >-
* ,
liin f () = lim .
- / 1 - > 00

,
\\ = . .
->

2. .
.
.
.
= / ()
.

, n ^ N , ,
= ,
- + 00

lim f ( x n) = A, lim / () = .
-> 0 0 t l - *

,
. ,
.
3. .
( , ),
,
. \
1. ()
() , '.
lim (/ () g ()) = lim / () lim g ().
-+ -* -*

2.
, :
lim (/ () g ()) = lim / () lim g ().
-+ -* -*
 .
, . .
lim (cf ()) = d i m / (.),
-*- ->

lim / () .
-*-
3.
,
:
f< lim f ()
lim 'W - = ------
g (X) lim g (x)
x-*-a ^
lim g (x ) 0.
x-*-a

lim / (x) = lim g (x) = 0.
x-+a x-*-a

,
lim = ,
-+ - Q0

lim f ( x n) = A lim g () = 0.
-* - 00 - >

,
lim / (*)
11m I (x'1^ ______ _
g(*) lim g(x) '
-
,
lim / (*)
lira -- r = --, . .
lim
-+ g{x) *-> s W lim S' W

1 2 .


.
4.
litn (() = , |)(:) =
Xf+a :-*-

, , ,
, >.

179

lim / ( ) = .
->-

.
1. lim (9:2 + 8 ).
*-*1
,
,
lim (92 6 % + 8 ) = lim (92) lim (6 ) -f lim 8 =
*->1 jc- -+ x-*l
= 9 1 im x 2 61imx-(- 8 = / / 6 -1 -f 8 =
-*1 -+1 \ * - / \*->-1 J
= 9 - 6. 1 + 8 = 1 1 .
2. lim * ~ 5* + 6 _
-+2 ^
,
.
:
5 + 6 = ( 3) ( 2).
2
2 , 2 ,
lim *2- 5* + = lim ^ ^ 3>= lim ( 3) = 2 3 = 1 .
-+ 2 Z -+ 2 1 +2
_]
3. l i m -----.
*-1 V - 1
,
lim V 1.
-+1
>

0< | ^ - l | = J ^ I < |x - l |,

4 , lim ( 1) = 0, . .
lim V = I;
4-1
,

lim ~ = lim (- .1) ^ * + 1) =

? .-1 ( ^ - ) ( 1 +)
, lim J y - r J ^ + O = ( + l ) . =2. A
If*. I * -" *V I
180
 . 2 3 * = 2 = 1

. , -
0
, -
0
--.
4. . . 1

, ,
, .

X ,

lim f (); lim / () / ( 0 ),
:-+- 0 -*-
<
,


lira / (); lim / () / ( + 0 ).
-*+0 ~>
>

, .
,
= 0 (. . *-0 ), ., ;
lim / () = / ( 0 ), -

lim /(x ) = f ( + 0 ).
*-+0 ; j ... ., .

, / ()
0
lim '/() = , ( 1)
, 7** I : -:l : Ui . . ;
/ ( 0 + 0 ) / ( 0 0 )
, : ;
/ ( 0 + 0) = / (0 0) = : ,. ; (2)

: (2),
( 1).
,
/ ()
: )
181
 , ) ; )
.
1. \ ( ) ^ \ \
-* 0 .

(. 40). /(* ) = ,
< 0 ,
/ ( 0 ) = lim ( ) = 0 .
-*-0
,
/ ( + 0 ) = lim = 0.
-++0
. 40
, / ( + 0 ) = / ( 0) =;0.
,
f ( x)
, . .

lim / () lim | | = 0 .
->-0
2 . ,

I 8, 1,
^ ^ \ 2 + , > 1
2 = \ .
(. 41)
.

= 1 :
/ ( 1 0) = lim ( 3) = 1 ,
-
/( 1 + 0 ) = lim (2 + *) = 3.
-1+0
, /(1 0) =^/ ( 1 + 0). ,
\.
5 . 0 * - .
.
,
,
.

, . . + > .
182
 f ()
. f (x)
-*-+0 0 , lim / () = -
-+

() , 1: = + .
- -

lim f () = . ,
- + 00

lim f ( x) = C, lim f ( x n) = C ( ) ,
- -

lim = .
j^2____J
-

1. ,
lim == 1.
-+ -"'3
( )
,
lim = + .
-*

1 , , ,
2_ 1

,
lim ^ = 1 .
X-*--

f ()
+ + . , f ( x)
= ^ + L , = ^ 1,

lim lim - 3 .
- 00

lim f (x) , lim f (x).
I X - * - + 00 -> - 00

,
f ( x) X > ( >- )
. , f () = -j- ,
(. 42),
>-0. ,

 = 0
, lim - ^ = 00 .
-+0 '
:
( )
, , \ " =
-+00
= , lim / ( ) =
->00
>= , ,
/ ()
,
lim / () = .
-*
-
>
< ( >
. 42 > ),

( ) f ( x)
.

, . . lim f ( x ) = o o .

2. lim -77
, v->+ |4~ * '
,

3jc3+ x + 4 3+ +J
lim 14 = lim * *
1 -3.A
X - + + CC

1. 1 2 + >
.
, ^ ,

.
3. lim { V + 1 ).
,,. *--+00 ^
& + \ - ) ( * + \ + )
lim ( * + 1 lim
- + OP

*+\
lim = lim 0. A
*- + 00 V x i+ l + x x-t + x Y xl + 1 + X
184
 2. 3
.
lim / () = , f ( x) -
-+
. lim / () = 0, -
-+
f ( x) * :

, <- + .
, , ,
! f ( x )
* /()=? 0
,
>- .
! f ( x)
,

, /( ) =
*-0 *
+ .
/ ( ) =
*-+ * 0
( + 0 jc 0 ).
, /( ) = [] ( ),
,
* *+ .
/( ) = [] ( )
+ ()
0 , ,
lim / ( * ) = lim = > 0 , lim /(x)=> lim ( l + x ) = l.
X + + X -+ + 0 -* - 0 : v.,

1. , ?
2. ?
3. {)
. - - ; :
4. .
5. .
6. .
7. ()
?
185
 8. ()
?
9.
.
10. ( )?
. ?
12. . 1
13. -* ?

4.40. ,
:
1) lim 2 = 8\ 2) lim (3 12) = 3; 3) lim (*1? 2) = 1 .
-+ * -> -1/2 -+ 1
4.41. :
3 + 2- _
1) lim '(* 2* + 5); 2)

4.42. 2; 1; 0; 1 ;2
:

3) /(*) = [#];

4.43. '

= 1 .
4.44.

(*) =
+ 2 ~
* = 2.
186
 4.45. ;
1 0. 2 5 6
} * 2 + 3 ! ^ 7*-6-$ '

3) lim (72 1_- ! 4) lim (/ + 1 / x V H ) ;

*-- - *->00

5) lim ( + 1 '*?jc+ l ).
-+
4.46. lim .
4?+ 9
4.47. :
,. 52+ 2*+7 ns JC8
1} - 5 - : 2) A " U 3 +

3,
*->+ 4+ 11

20.
1. .


,
,
.
, -\- , 2
= , . ,
,
, ,
, ,
;
, .
, ,
( ).
. / (), ( ', b),
0 ( (; ), f (:)

;
lim / () = / (:0).
X -> 0

/ 0
:
1) / ;
2 ) / ,
187
 3) / 0
.
, /( ) = ;2
,
lim 2 I.
- 1
/ ( 1 ) = 1 , . . f(x )= * x 2 *=*1
:> 1 , ,
, / (:) = 2 * = \.
,

, :
0,
lim f ( x ) ^ f ( x 0),
0
0,
lim f ( x) = f ( x 0).
->-+0
, f () [] ,
,

(. . 25).'



. \
f (x),
( [ , ), - 0
0 '+ ,
. 43 (; ). , ( \ )
,
0 '-'
, . . 0.
0 + . -' :
;
f () f (* ) = f ( + ) f (0) 4 I
/ X,
/ (. 43).
/ *0, .,
, ,
lim / () f ( x 0)

188
, , lim (/( ) f ( x 0)) = Q, ,
-+
lim / = 0 .
-> 0
, / ()
0,
, ,
/ ,
> 0.
,
: f (x), (- (; ),
0 (; ),
,
:* 0 .
2. .
1.
x 0 f ( x ) = sign* (
):

(
1 > 0 ,
0 0 ,

1 < 0 .

(. 44) ,

/ ( 0) = lim ( 1) = 1,
- -

/ ( + 0 ) * * 1 = 1.
*-*- +

, / ( 0) . .
, ,

0 X
-1 0
. 44 . 45

j () sign
0 0.
- 2. f ( ) = | sign |
*=0 (. 45).
189
 /(*) = ! , lim f ( x ) = 1.

, = 0
, / ( 0 ), / ( 0 ) = 0 ,
/ (:) = | sign |

0 .
3.

... ( ~ ^ \ ,
/(*)=< *
^ X < 1

(. 46) 1.

/ ( 1 0) lim 1, /( 1 + 0) = lim .1 = 1 , /<>!)=* 1 ,
- 1 - 0 *4-1+0
0 1
, ,


0 = 1.
4.
/ () ,
^ , 3 (. 47),
3.


0 = 3,
: = 3.
3.
.

(; ),
.
[; ], (; ),
- .
,
[; \ , ,
. - b
( [; b])
.
190
 ,
f () = 2 + 2 , 1 ^ ; < 2,

, ,
( 1; 2 ),
; = 1
= 2 .
4. . f (x )
,,, 0 0
f (). , . .
/ () 0 ,
' / ( 0), / ()
0, 0 f ().
/ () (; ),
0 ( ; ), 0
f(x).
,
(. 1 , 2 . 2 )
,
, 0 = 3
4 . 2.

( 1 , 2 ),
( 4).
5. .
,
, .
.
1. ,
, , .
2. ,
, ,
.
3. ,
, , ,
, ,
.
1 , 2, 3
.
I. , f ( x ) = x n,
n N , .
,
f (x) = x n =*x . . . ,
.- -V

191
 2 , ;, ,
.
, f ( x) = cxn ( )
.
2
1.
4. ' ,
.

f () = 0 + aj* " - 1 + . . . + an_ix + an.
f0 (x)=*a0x n, f 1(x) = a1x n~1.......... f n- i ( x ) ^ a n_xx,
f(x) = an ,
(. 2 ). ,
,
1 , ,
R .
5.
.

f i x ) - ()
Q
() Q ( x ) .
() Q(x)
f ()
Q{x) , f ()
(. 3).
3_
, f () =
7
, j ,
.
/. 3+4* + + 1
/W = *2 + *-
R,
.
, ,
.
, .
6 . f
\\ ] ,
[; ] ,
.
192
 :

, ,
, .
, ,
6 ,
, . .
,
.
, /(* ) =
= Xs , [ 1; 2 ], ,
/ ( 1) > / ( 2 ) = 8 < 0 ,
,
.
, = 0
f (x) = 3 , . .
, / (0) = 0 (. 48).

,
6 ,
, . 48
, . f ( x) =
= 3 2, ( [ 1; 31, ,
/ ( 1) = 3 < 0 / ( 3 ) = = 9 > 0 .
, = 0 = 2
, . .
f (0) = 0 / (2) = 0 (. 49).
, 6


.
,
/( ) = 4 1, x g [ l ; 2].
/ ( 1) = 1 < 0 / (2) = 13 > 0,
6
[1; 2]. [1; 2]
, X i = l , 5 .
/ ( 1 , 5 ) 2 , 5 6 > 0 , , -
( , [1; 1,5]
. [1; 1,5] ,
. 49
2 = 1,25;
/(1 ,2 5 ) 0,19 > 0, [1;
1,25] . [1; 1,25]
, 3= 1,125.
/(1 ,1 2 5 ) 0 ,5 2 5 < 0 , [1,125; 1,25]
7 , . I 193
 . ,

0,025.
7. ,
, ,
, .

.
, f () = 3 22,
[ 1; 3],
= 3, . . / ( 3) = 9, = 1,
. . f ( 1) = 3,
[ 3; 9] (. . 49).

1. ?
2. ?
3. ?
4.
.
5.
.
6.
.
7. ?
8.
?

4.48. :
1) f ( x) = 2 + 1 = 1 , = 1 ;

4) / (*).= * I [ = 4, = 0 = 3 ;

4.49. :
1) lim (4 Xs); 2) lim (2~{-3 5);

194
 C1 x2 2 x 3 X2- ? * + ' !
5 ) x 2 5 x + 6~ ^ ^ + -
rr, X2 1 A-" I
7) lim_ i 5:2
+, 4 . ; 8) xlim
1 -l X I
X s 3x 2 in% /^ 3 T _ 2
9) Xs 8 ; * x ^ 5 -----
V x-2
H) lim -; 12) lim y - ;
* 8 * x -* l * 1

13) lim 1 *----- ; 14) lim .. - ------- ;

x-> o\rx + 3 - 2 ' *-*o ^ x 2 + 4 - 2

15) lim ? ; 16) lim V 2 x + l - *

x - ]/5 x - \ - -+ x 3

13*
 5

2 1 .
1. .
,
,
.

V .
,
|/"49 = 7; ^ 0 = 0; j / j

]/0)625 = 0,25; )* = \\.

:
Vab = \^a-Vb, ^ , & ^ 0;

V T - y f - > , > .

, N.
,
%4= 16.
: 1 = '2
2 = 2 . = 2 .

16 16. 2 =
= 2 4= 1 6 1 /1 6 .
-
. -
, -
.
196
 n-it
( > 2 ) ( ^ 0 )
. 2 , ~ ,
, 3
729, . . 729 = 3.

. , 2
32, . . \ / 32 = 2 .

2+ .
-
1. :
ab = / - b , ( 1)
0, nN, 2.
2. :

^ 0 , b > 0 , n N , 2.
3. :
( ) = , (3)

5 ^ 0 , m ^ N , n ^ N , 2.
4. :

' = , (4)

^ , m ^ N , n N , 2, 2.
.
/ ( 1)
, a~^s 0 , 0 ,
.
-
( ~ ) = ( ~ ) - ( ) = ab. i f
'.
4 / fe 256
1. : ) - ; ) - 5 '/= " ;

) / - , ) Y - 2^ - 8 .
197
 16 20 2
) V 0- 0081 V 0,008}
0,3 6 ;

256
)
~ w
) ] / 4 = 64 = 2;

) - 2 ^ - 8 = | / -g-4-8)= | / /= 8 "

2. fc2
a4b8 _ Ia I fc2
62 62 I I-A
2. .

.
^ 0 , = ~ , m g Z , ;

"1. ( 1)
,
27 3 = ^ 2 7 = 3; 8 3 = ( 8 )2 = 22 = 4;
{_
125^ = ( ~125)2 = 25; 36"^ = K 3 6 ^ = 6 ,-

.
b ,
, 2 .
:
1) ' ar*= ari +r\
2) (ar*)r*= ars*;
3) (ab)r = a rbr;
ar .
4) ( = *
5) a > 1 ri < r 2, ' < ;
6 ) 0 < < 1 < 2, a ri> ;
7) < 6 > 0, 7" < \
8 ) < 6 < 0 , > ;
198
 9) 1, ari = a r, rl r2.
:
_4_ 11 1
1) 2 5 2 5 = 2 = 23 = 8 ;
2

1 1 1
3) (1 6 -2 5 )2 = 1 6 2 . 25 2 = 4 - 5 = 20;
_J_
\ { 4 \ 2 (4) 2 (22) 3 ' 2 -1 3 .
' \ 9 ) ~ _ ~ _ -1 2
(9) 2 (2) 2
32
5) 7 3 > 7 4 , 7 > 1 -j < ;

6 ) ( - j ) 1* < ( - j ) 1"9. 0 < 4 < -1-4 > ^ 2 8 ;

7) 2 6 < 3 5 , 2 < 3 |- > 0;

__ 3_ __3_

8 ) 2 5 > 3 6 , 2 < 3 < 0.

. f 7 - + fc*.
2+6 2

+ ftT = + ftT =
1 _L 1 i
2+ 62 2+ 62
t i l l
= 2 6 2 + b 2 = 2 .
3. . ,

5V 3.
r it 2, 3.......... , ....
3 :
, = 1,7; , = 1,73; , = 1,732; 4 = 1,7320; . . .
,
:
5 1 ,7. 5 1 , 73. 5 1 , 732. 5 1 , 7320.

.
.
19
 5;/ 3.
5" = lim 5 .
->

.
.
,
N ,
.
>
= lim . ( 1)
-
,
> 0 % , . .
( 1).

()
. , , < ,
. , > ! , ()

, 0 < < 1 ( )
.
, ( 1)
.

.
.
b ,
, 2 ; ,
:
1) ax>ax*= axi+x2 ;
2) = * ;
3) (ab)x = ax -bx ;
4) ~fix ;
5) > 1 < ,, >< *\
I 6 ) 0 < < 1 xf< , >> ,
7) < b > 0, < \
8 ) < b < 0 , > \
9) > 0, 1,' <= \ , = 2.

.
1. 2 141.
200
 3 > 1 |/" 2 > 1 ,4 1 ,
3V 2 > 141.
2 V - - 8 , (,5 -2 V -
2. - = ----- =.
^ F v 6+ 2) - 5

,
V* 7 3 + 5 2 7
+ 2) 2 - ^ ( V T + 2) ( 2 - V~i) b-A

3. 8 2* = 2 12
2* = (2 3)2* = 2 6*,
: 2 = 2 12>/ 5.
6 := 12 j/ , = 2 ] / 5 .
4. .
.

.
.
b > 0 > 0, \ ,
,
, .
b loga b.
,
d) oga .

,
.
:
1) 3 = log2 8 , 2 3 = 8 ;
2 ) 3 = log3^ , 3~3 = ^ ;
3) 2 = logK- 5 , ( ) / 5 )'2 = 5;

4) -i- = log 3 ]/r 3, 2 = ;

5 ) 6Io7 = 7; 6 ) '^ = .
1. : a) log 1/8 25; ) loga,2 4 3 .
) log 1/6 25 = . -
201
 (-i-j* = 25, (-g-)* = ( ) *
2 .
-. log l/6 25 = 2.
) log 27 243 = .
27* = 243, 33* = 3S, 3 = 5, x = -j-
5
: log 27 243 = - j .

. .
> 0, ,
1) l'oga a = 1 , 1 = ;
2 ) loga 1 = 0 . 1*
, loge 6 = l ; loge l = 0 .
2. 7 _ 1 2.
7 - 3 log, 2 = (7l0g, 2 )- _ (2 ) - 8 = 2 - .

3.
l 0g 3 ^ ?
X -I
-^ > 0-
, 1 < < 4.
5. .
,
. ,

.
.
, 1,
, 1.
:
1) loga (XjX2) = loga -f loga x 2 .


^2 = )& )& = )% +

loga (2) = loga X, + loga 2.
2 ) logax = a lo g a x .
,

(' *) = 1
202
, ,
loga xa = a l o g e x . ^
3) loga - = loge .V, l o g ,* , .
1 2
loga = log 0 (XlX2_1) = loga . + loga XJ1 = loga * i ~ logj ,. E

to log 0 xf > loga 2. '
a > 1 a'i < x2. logo -r i > loga x2,

a lo g a x t ^ 5 a ]oSa * i t

. e. x t ^ x 2. ,
x t < 2. ,
logo*i < logo*2.
5
.
. : a) log 8 16 + log 8 4; ) log 5 375
logs 3; ) J log 3 36 + log 3 2 logs V"6 J loga 8 .
A a) log 8 16 + log 8 4 = logs (16-4) = log 8 64 == 2;
) log 5 375 log 5 3 = logs^ = log 5 125 = 3;

) log 3 3 6 + log 3 2 log 3 ^ log 3 8 =

= log 3 K 3 6 4- log 3 2 (logs V 6 + loga V 8 ) =*

==l0g3T F f = l0 g 3 K 3 = = ^ A
6.
.

= }^, > 0 , > 0 , 1.

&> 0 , \ \
lgbc== lgb .
203

logbc = l o g 0 c-log 6 a.

.

, .

. , ,
,

. logS2 2.
2,
:

,
10 , ,

b lg&,
I n b.
,


.

1.
. .
2. - .
.
3. - ?
4. .
.
204
 5. ,
. ^ 2 .
6.
.
7. .
.
8. .
9.
. .
10. , ?

6. :
1) 9-25-100; 2) 64-36.10000;
3) 1000-27.8; 4) 64-125-729;
5) > /1 6 -6 2 5 -8 1 ; 6) 0,0081 -0,0016-625;

7) - 100000 ; 8) 0,00001-32-0,00243.
5.2. ;
n ^ 1 /2 4 3 "
) V 27 2) 125 ) V 81 J 32

) . ; 6) 3 / 9 2 - | / 1 ; 7 ) j/l8 - j/l ;

8) | / 1 6 - 2 ; 9) / 2 4 . |/ I ) / ^ 0 9 - * / 0 , 3 - /0 ,3 .
5.3. :

1) | / ; 2) | / ( I V . 12; 3) 163 -( - I -0,125;

4) 274 . ^ - 1 ^ 4 (0,5)4; 5) / 2 .5 9; 6)

10)
V m -
5.4. :
?./250 ,4/ 3 2 4 ,4/ 2 0 J /2 2 4
 5.5. :
7 8 8 L i-LL 1
1) 2 ~ - 2 6 ; 2) 4s -4 s ; 3) 9 10:9 5 ; 4) 5 3 :5 3 ;
3 1 2 2_
2 \ - 4 \ T . / / 9 \ \ / 3 \ / 4 \ 3
>81
3 9_

f / 4 \ f 124 -3 4 6 M .2 1.3
6) 486 9) _ L ; 10) - 3 _- -
4 4
5.6. :
L i_ i_
1) 2 ; 2) 1562 + 5 2 ;
L L -L
3) ()4 ( )4 ; 4) 108 3 ,
5.7. ( 2 2 = ( ) ( + )):
2 2 4 4 4

-1 9 -
1) \ - 3 ; 2) \ ~ 3&
3 *
5.8. ( 3 -}-68= ( 6) X
(? ab-\-b2) 3 3 = ( ) ( 2+ &-|- 62)):
2 2

S + & ^ fl!! +3 _ 1
1 1 1 > b 1 1
3 _ & 3 3 4-63 3 - & 3
i_ i_
^ "3 (/3 1
> + 1_ 1_ _

* I 3
:-**
2

-+ '3 ,/3
4) 11 11 _ i_ i_
3 __ ~3 #.3 _1_ ,.3 v 3 I v 3 ,.3
X 33 + 3 3 -f-3 3 + ,,3
/3 v 3 __ f .3
* *
8.9. :
 5.10. :

1) 2 - . 8 ; 2) 4 1- 2 . 16 ; 3)
32 + .41 + ^5
ICI +ZVT . ,A
4) ------------- 5i (9 3-2 o i V s -) ~ .
V 5 + ' 3 + 2 ' M > ' 6

6) (72 V T 49V ~~ x) 7 2 V~ .

5.11. :

3 . 3, , ( ) " = ( ) - , 3) ' _ 2 ; 4, 5 - _ ( ! ) * :

5) 1&* = 4 3 V 2 ; 6) 32* = 23* ; 7) 5* Va = 5 ; 8) 25x V * = 5 5-

9) ( 3 ) ' = / ; 0 ) . 7 * = - 1 ; 1 1 ) ( 1 * ^ 1 ; 12) ( I V = 1.
j .
5.12. :

1) logia 144; 2) log^ ; 3) log^ 256; 4) log 5 ; 5) lg 1000;

6) lg 0,0001.
5.13. :
!) b g K F 9 ; 2) log K7 7 ; 3) log,/ - y =------;
/7 -4 9
4) lg 10 { / 100; 5) Vog,2- ) 0,1 18. 4; 7) 3? >083 4;
2 3 log 2
/ 1 \ -log 6 1/5 '
8) 7-log, 9; 9) ( - I j ; 10) 5

5.14. :

>) log 6 log 2 log 3 log2 512; 2) loga 2 a2;

3) log12 2 + log 12 72; 4) log5 35 log 5 7;

5) Iog47 + log* 32 i - l o g 4 28; 6) log 3 12 ~ log 3 32 + - log3 6.

5.15. , lg 3 0,477; l g 2 0 , 3 0 1 ; l g 5 0,699:

1) log 5 3; 2) log 2 5; 3) loge 3 ; 4) log8 9.

6.16. :

2
 22. ,

1. .
> 0, 1.
= , x R , (1)
.
-
.
1. ,
R .
2.
R +
.
, > 0 =
= loga y0, .
3.
, > 1 , , 0 < < 1 .

.
4.
0 R , , > ,
1,
lim .
^>
5. > 1, lim = -fo o , lim 0.
- + + 00 - - 00

0 < < 1, lim = 0, lim * = + .

+ 00

1. 3*.
'
:
==2 , --, = 1, = , = 0, 1,
1, 3; = 2, = 9.
. 1,
, , . .
.
,
,
(. 50). .
> 1
(. 51).
208
* ^ 2.

:
2, = 9; = 1, = 3; - = 0, 1;
1 1 1
X 11 ' g > % > 9 *

. 1,
, , . .
.
,

,
(. 52). /
0 < < 1
(. 63).
,
(0 ; 1).
3. ,
^ ^ * = : + 3.

, .
y { ^ ^ j
*= + 3 (. 54).
, . I ^09
 ,
1.
1, .
, 1 .
, .

2. .
> 0, 1.
=* b g a x, * /? + , ( 1)
.
= ,
t/ = \ , = 10 , = Igx.

1. ,
R +
.
2.
,
, . ,
y \oga x
|3, . . p = Iogct,
= ,
. . = , .
R
.
3.
, > 1 , , 0 < < 1.
.
4.
0 (t R+, , > 0 ,
210
 1 ,
lim loga x = l o g e *0.
X -+

5. > 1,
lim lo g a x = + oo, lim 1og 0 x = .
X-*- + X -*+

0 < < 1,
lim lo g a x = , lim !o g a J C = + -
4- GO X -v + 0

1. log 8 :.

:
x = j , y = 2; x = j , y = 1; = \ , = 0\
= 3, = 1; 9, 2.
. 1,
. ,


'
,
(. 1
55). " I
> 1 / \ 1 X
- / ~ ?
(. 56).
2. . 5G
y = \ogu3 x.

:
* = - , / = 2; = , = 1; = \ , / = 0 ;
= 3 , = 1; = 9 , 2.
14* 211
 .
U = l g i /3 , (. 57).

. 57

0 < < 1
(. 58).
,
( 1; 0 ).

. 58 . 59

3.
1 &1/2 < 2 . (2 )

,
logi/a < log 1/2 - j-. (3)
= log 1/2
: > 0 , (3) > 1/4.

.

y \og1/2x = 2
(. 59); 2 ^ .
212
 , > ^
= log !/2 :
(/ = 2 , . . log 1/ 2 ; t < 2 .A
3. .
.
x R +, ( 1)

.
. ?
> 0. ,
( ), . x ( t R -
, \ 3\ 4. = ,
, ~
x e R , . , / = _1 = ^ ; = ~* = ^ .
y = x n, x $ i R, ~ , x ( t R , ,
.
, ,
, . , , = *
, 3, . .
, ~"
: = 1/ ~ ^ . , = 3
= ~ : = 1/3, ~ 1/'.
. , ,
1/3 I / ,
R .
1/3.

> 0 ,
, .
.
1.
R +
.
2. R+
). ,
> 0 ( 1)
0 = ]"*.
= 0, = > 0.
3.
,
.
.
213
 4.
0 / ? +, ,
lim = #.
->
5. > 0,
lim ^ = + , . = 0 .
+ *-> 4- 0
< 0 ,
lim X1 0 , lim = + .
* - > + 00 -> +

. 60
> 1, = 1 ( ( 0 ; 1).

. 61
< 0.
a
. = 3 .

. = \ / %
, . .
.
214
 ^ ;
: 0, 0 ;
1, = 1; = 8 , / = 4. .
> 0 , > 0
; .

,
(. 62).

1.
,
.
2.
= 0 < < 1 ; > 1 .
3. ..
,
.
4.
( / = loga 0 <; < ; > 1 .
5. .
.
6. ,
, ,
.

5.17. = ,
X
= 2*, / = ( | )
.
5.18.

5.19.
:
I) , _ 2 I; 2) ------2 * ;3 ) 4) = :

. - * ' - . , * = - ( ! ) ' + . ; , - { ) " - .

.
5.20. :
1) 2* = *2; 2) 2 = 4; 3) 2 = 3; 4) 2 * - = + 1 ;
5) 2* = 5 ; 6) 21*1 = + 1 .
215
 5.21.
log3 x, (/ = log 3 3 , = ]og5 *.
.
5.22.
1g 1/ *> = logo,5 , { / = log 1/4 .
5.23.
:
1) i/ = loga | Je I; 2) /= log0,5 1 |; 3) = \ log2 x |;
4) = \ log 1/2 |; 5) = log 2 (*); 6) *= | log1/2 () |.
.
5.24. :
1) logs* < 2 ; 2) log3 x 2s 2 ; 3) log1/s < 1 ;
4) log 1/3 1 -
5.25.
, = 2, = V2, = 2*3, = 3/2.
.
5.26. = - ,
, (2 ; 3)?
5.27. </ = . , n N
( 1 ; 1).

23.

1. .
,
. ,
, 2+1 7 = 0 , 3 * = 1
, 2+1 , -
.

.
1. 4 2~ 1 2 .
2:
22 12-1 ) _ 2 *

2 (2 1) ,
4 2 = ,
= 2,
2

:
42*- j,_ 2x & 2 U2x~1) = 2 & 2 ( 2 1) = : = 2 & = J - .

216
 2. 4X-1 = 33*.

4,
1 = log 4 3,
, ,
1
* 1 3 log4 3

;
4*- = 3* log 4 4x ~l = b g 4 3* 1 =
= !og 4 3 = j j0g4
3.
= 8-(0,25)~*.
2 2 4

,
0.125 = (0,5 )3 = ( ) 3 2 -3 ,

2 V~2 = 2 1+ = 2 ~ = 216>
0,25 = (0,5 )2 = ( ) 2 = 2 -2 -

, :
/0-3\ 0,5
2>|6 = 23 -( 2 ~-2)~

2 ~ (;*5) 1>5 _ 2 3 -2 (1~)^

(
2 )
3 ( 0 ,5 ) 1,5 = 3 2(1 ),
'+ 1,5 1,5 = 3 2 + 2*,
5* = 1,
* =

.
,
217
 ,
, . .
>= log e 6 = loga c, > , > 0, > 0 , \ .

, ,

= a}ia 6 = a loga

4. 4*+2 3 ' 4 -1 = 122.

4*+2 3 -4 _1 = 122 4-1 (43 3) = 122
4 ^-! - 61 = 122 4*-1 = 2 22~? = 2
2 2 = 1 = .
5. 5* -3 = 7~3.

(
5
) = 1 .

( y j = l , ( ) * 3 = ( ^ 3 = 0 ,
= 3,
6 . 2 '9 * +1 2 = 0.

2-(3*) 2 3 -3 * 2 = 0,

, = ,

2 2 = 0 .

, / = 2 .
, 3 > 0 . ,
3 = 2.
: = log 3 2 .
,
. ,

. , 6 / = 3*
. , x t
, 3'
.
( = 1/ 2 ),
.

.
218
 ,
.
7. 21+ 1 4*2 = 1 .
= 2
:
2 * / - < / 2 = 1,
1.
1 = 2 * , = 0. ,
= 0
.
2. .
,
(
, ). , ,
2\ og2x 7 = 0 , \ogx 2 = 4 ,
l g x 2 = 0 .

.
1. log, ( 3) = 2.

3 = 7?, 3 = 49,
= 52,
= 13.
, * = 1 3
.
2. lg (x 2) + lg(jc 3) =
= 1 lg 5.
,
:
lg ( - 2) ( 3) - - l g 10 lg 5,
lg ( 2 ) ( 3) = lg 2 . ( 1)

, . ,
0 ( 1),

( 2 ) ( 3) = 2 , (2 )
. .
+ 4 = 0.
1
4. ,
219
 , \ ,
1 ( )
.
:
lg ( 2) + lg ( 3) = 1 lg 5 => lg ( 2) ( 3) =
= lg 2 ~ > (: 2 ) ( x 3 ) = 2 ' = 4 x 1.

:
lg (4 2) + lg (4 3) = 1 lg 5, lg 2 = lg 2.
lg ( 1 2 ) + lg ( 1 3) = 1 lg 5
.
,

, ( )
.

.
lg (: 2 ) > 2 ,
lg(x 3) : > 3,
i > 3 , ,

(3; + ).
, > 3
,

lg (* 2 ) ( 3) = lg 2 .
, > 3
,
( 2 ) (' 3) = 2 ,
> 3 = 4.
, 4 ,
.

.
(3; + ), . .
, <
lg ( 2 ) + lg (* 3 ) = 1 l g 5 ^ lg(jc 2 ) ( 3) = lg 2 4=
(x 2) ( x 3) = 2 x = 4.

: x 4. A
3. log2 ( 2) = log 1/ 2 .t.
220


1<*. * - log, *,
lo g ,-

;
log2 ( 2) = log2 ~ 1, (3)

2 = "*, (4)
2 = 1: ,
? 2 1 = ,
, 1
\ ~ 1, 2 "g*

, =1
.
;
12 ( 2) == logi/a log 2 ( 2) = log 2 " 1 =
= > 2 = ~ 1 2 2 = 1 = 1 = 1/3.

(3) (4)
=>, ,
(4) (3).
: 1.
4. 4lo^ ] x= \ g x lg 2 x + l .
> ,
, lg > 0 , . .
> 1. ,
(1; -f ).
, . . > 1,

4'og,. ig* _ ( 2 2) , ] * = ( 2 1* ^ * ) 2 = ( l g ) 2.

(1; + )

2 l g 2 lg 1 = 0.

IgA,
:

lgA=l lgA = 1/2.

221
 l g x > 0 .
,
l g x = l : == 10.
: = 10.
,
= lg .
5. l g ( 1 ) 7 lg ; =
2 lg ( 3).
,
1 > 0 > 0 , . . 0 <
< < 1 , : > 3 . ,
.
6 . * log3**+log3* - 10 _ J_ _
, ,
, ,
3,
:
(2 log 3 x + \ ogl x \ 0 ) log 3 = 2 log,, a,
(2 lo g 3 x + logj) x 10) logs x + 2 logs x = 0,
lo g s a (2 lo g 3 a + lo g ! 10 + 2) = 0,
lo gs x (2 logs x + lo g | x 8 ) = 0.

:
logs = 0 lo g !* + 2 logs* 8 = 0 .

, x t = l.
logs *,
logs = 1 3, . . log3;c = 2, logs* = 4,

X-i 9, 3= g j .

,
.
Oimem: 1 = 1, = 9, 3 = 1 .
3. .

.

.
1. * > *-2.
222
 , 1,
,
* > *-2 2 > 2 & > 2 .

: > 2.
/ 1 \ 2J 1
2. ( y l > .

, 1, ,
, 2
1 < 4, . . . < 2,5.
: < 2,5.
3. 3*_ 2 -2v > 2.
*~?-2* > 2 2 3 -3~2-2 > 2 2
3* 2 > 6 > 62 > 2.

4. 2 > 3.

2 ,
log2 2 > loga 3,
> log2 3.
/ / 1 \ 8 2 J
5. ( - ) < -g-.

, ,
, 1, .

( )* 2 ^ 2 2 > ^: 2 3 > 0 .

, ,
> 3 < 1 .
: < 1 > 3.
6 . log 3 (2 + 1) < log 3 5.

,
2 + 1 > 0 ,

,
2+ 1 < 5,
223
 ,
1 , .
, ,
, .

2 + 1 > ,
2 + 1 < 5,
, 0,5 < : < 2.

:
\ 2:+1>0, ( > 0,5,
lo g ,(2 * + 1) < lo g ,5 { 2* + , < 5 U < 2
0,5 < < 2.
: 0,5 < : < 2.
7. log 3 (5x 6 ) < 2.
log, (5: 6 ) < 2 log 3 (5: 6 ) < log 3 9
} 5: 6 < 9 , ( 5: < 1 5 , ( < 3.
5 6 > 0 ^ \ 5 > 6 ^ j ^> 1 ^-5 <<3'

8 . log0i 5 ( :+ 1) <
< lgo,5 (* 1)'

, : + 1 > 0 , > 1 .

, 1, ,

:
: -}- 1 > 0 ,
> \,
2> + 1 > 1.1
: > 1,
.
: > 1.
9. logi_,.(A: 2 ) ^ 1.
,

1 : > 0 ,
2 > 0,
1 1.
24
 , ,
.
.

5.28. :

1) = 2) 23 = 5 ; 3) = 7/2;
-
4) 5 * - 3 = 23- * ; 5) 5 2 = 7 3;
6) 2 + ? + 3 - 2 +1 + 7 - 2 = 68; 7) 4?- 1 + 42- 2 42~4= 316;
8) 54 + 3-54~2 = 140; 9) =

10) 1 0 - 2 5 * + 18.5 4==0.

5.29. :
* ~ 1 / \ 3 *-7 / 7 \7 x -3
1) *-5 = 81; 2) 9 = 2 7 2- 1; 3) f y j H f ) :
4) 1,82~ 5 ~11 = 5,832; 5) 21- 3+4= 5+ ? 5+ 3;
X - X - JC+4 -
6) 3 2 23 = 4 23 2 ; 7) 2 7 .3 2 < * + 1 )_ 3 * + ? = 2;
8) 2x+2 + Vx - : 5-2x + V x - : + 8 = 0; 9) 2* + 2~ * = 2,
.
5.30. :
1) 3 x + i - |- 3* = 108; 2) 7- + 1 5+ 2 = 3 +4 5+3;
3) 52+1 = 5 + 4; 4) 4~ 2 17-2 ~ 4 + 1 = 0 ;
6) 2 2-1 _3x* = 3x 2 -1 2xZ+ 2, 6) 52 2 + 1 = 2 (5*2- 1 32-?);
7) ( | ) - 1. ( | ) - W+1' = 343X+3:1 2 5 - 3
5.31. :
1) log 4 (5jc + 6) = 0; 2) logj/j ^7: + = 2,

3) lg (2*) + lg (x + 3 ) = lg (12.* 4); 4) lg ^ ^ ^ = 2,

5) log l/2 (j: 16)== 1;

6) log2 (32x_? + 7) 2 + log2 (3X -1 + 1);
7) (3 lg JC+ l g 3) lg : = 2 lg 3 + 2; 8) lg ( x 2 lgx) = lg Y ~ x \

lO ff5 4 / I \ lo g ,
9) logs x + lo g * 3 = 2,5; 1 0 )9 -3 * ^-g-J =0.

5.32. :

1) lg (2 + 2) lg 1 ^ 7 + 2 = 0-

8 , . t 225
2) 4 lg2 x 2 = lg x2\ 3) 4 lg^ + :? = 2;
4) 0,5 log 2 (:2 2x) Iog2 6 x = 0;
5) 1 + log 2 (:-(- I) = log 2 (JC- 5);
6) log 2 (4 x) + log 2 (1 2*) = 2 log 2 3;
7) lg(169 + * 3) - 3 I g ( * + l ) = 0; 8) lg ( * - 9 ) + 2 lg ^ 2 7 = 7
9) log 2 (9* _1 + 7) = 2 log 2 (3*- 1 -f- 1);
10) x 1 + * * = 0,001- 2/ 3; 11) lg ( 4 * - 6 ) + [g (J _ fe) = 2;

12) lg 2 x lg -c? = lg2 3 + 1 log 3,

5.33. :

1) 4 > 64; 2) 0,3* < ; 3) 6 > 13?

2 1
+
4) 0,5* 4* < 8; 5) 2 + 4 *< 68; 6) 4* < 2*+1 + 3;
7) (4*-'1)*/2 > 4; 8) 2* + 2 ?*+3 3-22*+1 > 3.
5.34. :

1 ) 1 ^ 0 ,0 4 ; 2) 0 , 2 5 * < 4 - ; 3) 3 2* + ? < 3 * + ? + 2;
1*
-1
4) (0,04)6* - * 2- 8 < 625; 5) 2 * + 1 < 3 - 2 2 ;
3\ , / 3
6)
7 < 7
5.35. :
1) log 0,5 (2 5 ) < 2; 2) log 2 (4 ) < 3;
3) log4 (3 4) 1; 4) log0,2 (15 2 * )^> 2;
5) logie (0,6 -f-2:) 0,25; 6) log 0l8 (3 5*) S s 0;
7) (logo,o 0.216) log 5 (5 2 ) < 0 ; 8) log 0,2 (2 5*) Ss 0;
9) 25 > 5 logs (4_ s*>; 10) 0,4 2 5= 0,4 loS,4 (-).
) log1/2 (x2 + 2x 8) 5 4; 12) !og6 (x2 3x + 2) Ss 1
,o\ 1.5(5+ 3) ^ n_ 13: + 15,99
W) + 14) iogo:s(4 x + 5 )
15) lg 2 (100:)+ lg 2 (10a:) + lg 14.
5.36. :
I) logs (2: 7) > 2 ; 2) log 1/3 ( 1) < 2;
3) logo,25 (; I) + logo,25 (*+ 1) > lgo,25 3;
4' ' g I/2 (x + 8) log , /2 (x 3) >"log 1/2 :;
5) 2 + log 2 Y x + l > 1 logx/a V 4 x2; 6) log2/a x > 25;

7) ' l g ^ - ^ > 3: 8> g* <*2+ >) > 2: 9) ' e * ^ T > 1;

10) V log^ Y~3x logg x > 1; 11) 15loB 3 - 1 + lo8 9* > 1 .
 24.

1. .

.
,
(. 63).


.
.

1/360
,
.

.
,
1/32 , .

1/60 . 63
,
(0,01
).

(. .

, ).
,
. (
) ;
(1643 1727) (1646 1716)

(1707 1783).
, . .
,
.
(. 64).
a g (0; 2)
,
,
. 0 2
. ,

[ 0 ; 2 ) .
8* 227

.
, ,
, 1 ().

, |3,

2 -1
360 ' ~~ 180
LA
\
,
,
- . ( 1)
/2 180

. 64
,
, |3
. ,
.
, 1 180/
:
5 7 1 7 '4 5 \

/180 :

0,0175 .

10 1

90 18 15

360 180 45
05

2 R
10 12 18 180 1 80'

2
1. , 3
.
228
 (1) ,

, - - 120.
2. , 54.
(1)

a=4/ w

54\j =1^

- 1

-

, 54 .
,
, ,

(., ,
. . .
. .:
, 1974. . 5 9 61),
.


(. 65).
a g (2; 0)
.
, . 65
| |
.
2 .
:
a = a 0+ 2 k n ,
k , <0 (2; 2). ,
.
,
0, . . 4 .
,
.
,
+2, - 2, .
229
 ,
| | ,
> 0, , < 0.

,
.
2. , ,
.

.

.

,
,
' (. 66 ).
, .
.
sin a , a
cos .

,
4 . + = 1,
cos 2 a - f sin2a = 1 a g /?.
13
1. = .

13 . -0
"6 ~ +
230
 / ,
/ 6 . / //8
(. 67); | / |'= /.
0/ / 1
( ), /
0,5 ( , 30).
, // 0,5.
13
: sin = 0,5.
sin

sin
t g a , . .t g a = cos '
, t g a
, + &, kZ.

- -
, cos a
c t g a , . . c tg a = s- ^ -
, ctg
/ , k ( t Z .

,
tgactga = 1
, ,
t g a , c t g a
, . . /?,
= & , k ( t Z .

2. t g ^ -
c *t g ^3-.
/4

, 135.
.
O M N (. 68 ). -
\/"2
, ,
V2
3
 3 3
: tg - j = ctg - j = 1. A
-i o n 1 + t g a 1 + 2 sin a cos a
3. , -' , = ------- .
r 1 t g a cos2 a sm2a
, 1
sin 2a + cos 2 .
1 + 2 sin a cos a sin2 ct + cos2 a + 2 sin a cos a _
cos2 a sin? a cos2 a sin2 a
______ (sin a + cos a)2______ sin a + cos a
(cos a sin a) (cos a + sin a) cos a sin a '

c o s a ^ O :
sin a + cos a _ 1 + tg a
cos a sin 1 tg a

, ,
,
.
4. c o s x = l .
, 1,
(. 69) . , ,

, . . 2
( ).
2&, k g Z .
: = 2, k Z .
5. s i n x = l .
, 1,
(. 70), ,
, . . 2
( ).
232
 2nk,
k Z .
= 2nk, k g Z. A
3. , ,
. , ,
,
. , , c o s a
, a s i n a . ,
,

c o s a sin ;
, c o s a , s in a ;
, cos'a s in a ;
, c o s a , s in a
.
,
, ,
.
, ,
. 71, , , .
5
1. : ) sin ; 6 )c tg 2 8 0 .

) < , s i n - ^ - < 0 .
) 270 < 280 < 360, ctg 2 8 0 < 0.
s i n a , c o s a , t g a , c t g a

sin2a + cofe2 a = 1 , tgactga=l,

233
 ,

sin a = 1 cos 2 a !' tg a 1

" l+ tg * 0 5 V 1 +Ctg*05

cos a = 1 sin? a -L
I ( c tg a
l-t-tg 2a l + c t g 2<x

sin a ( 1 cos 2 a 1
tg 05 =
1sin 2 a cos a c tg a

1 sin 2 a cos a 1
Ctg05 =
sin a 1 cos2a tg a

, ( )
, .
, 0 sg < , sin = I cos 2a ; < <
.: 2 , sin = 1 cos 2a-

2. sin = , 0 < < . c o sa .

,
, c o s a = 1- AY i-
5 J 5

: cos a = 4-.
5

3. s i n a = -^-, - ^ - < < . c o s a .

,
, c o s a = 4/5.
: cos a = 4/5.
4. sin a = 3/5. c o sa .
,
, .
s in a > 0, ,
, ;
,
.
: 0 < a < /2, cos a = 4/5; /2 <
< a < , c o s a = 4/5.
234
 5. f g a = 4/3, /2 < < 2.
s in a .
, ,
_ 4_
tg a 3 4
S ina= = ----- = ------ .
] A i + t g 2 - j / i + 1 5

( ,
.)
6 .

1 + cos a 1 cos '

8 (1 cos a) - f 8 (1 -)-cos a) _ f 16 __ 4
1 cos2 a V sin? a | s t a a |

, i4 = ^ i 7 a sina>0, A
-------- , s i n a < 0 .
sin a
4.
. .
= sin :, x R ,
.
y c o sx , x ( z R ,
.
y t g x , x ( t R ,
+ k ( t Z ,
.
y = c t g x , x R ,
, k(LZ,
.
1.
, . 72
.
, ,
,
a , _ ,
.
c o s a s in a , _
cos () sin ( ) (. 72).
_
, , -
235
. ,
c o s (a ) c o s a , s in ( a ) = s i n a
a g R .
,
/ \ V i . [ \ . 1
C0S 1 ~ - ] = 0 5 -6 = S,n -g-j = Sin T = - T ,
cos ( 135) = cos 135 = j/2 /2 ,
sin ( 135) = sin 135 = V 2/2.
.
.
,
, , sin (a) sin ,
tg ( ) = ~ = -------- = tg ,
' 7 cos(a ) cosa
j-/ \ oos(a) cosa ,
c tg ( ) = - - 7 = : = ctg
&v ' sin () s i n a
R .
,

|8 ( ) * -
t g ( 135) = tg 1 35= 1, c tg ( 135) = ctg 1 3 5 = 1.
2 .
.
2 .
, + 2 2

,
cos ( 2 ) = cos a , sin ( 2 ) = sin
R . , 2
.
s in a [0; 2]
= 0, = = 2. ,
, 2 , .
,
siny=l, HO S i n ^ Y + n j = 1.
, 2
.
236
 , 2
.
,
,
2 :
2 .

, ,
s i n ( a n ) = sina, ( 1)
cos ( ) = c o s a (2 )
a g R . ,
(. 73)
,
,
( 1)
^
3. ^7

.

.
(1) (2) ,
qjQ . 73
t g ( a n ) = tga, ctg ( ) = ctg
/? , . .
.
, ,
' .
3 :

.
.
cos ( 5n) + ctg Sin( 4 ^ ) + 3 c tg ( -
()
,
j
cos ( 5) + ctg ( 5. Sin ( -I1)+ 3 c tg ( -^ =

= cos 5 ctg 4- sin 4 ^ 3 ctg =5

= c o s n c t g - 4 - sin 3 c tg J =
= 1 0 + 1 3 = 3. A
237


1. 1 .
2. ,
?
3. , ,
?
4.
?
5.
?
6. .
7. .
8.
: 0, , , 4 ?
9. , , ,
?

5.37. 1) , :
80; 65; 100; 160; 244,38; 146,18; 27,13; 42,7?
2) , :
; 4 ; 4; 1,57; 0,6400; 3,6270?
5
5.38. ,
(1; 0) :
1, 9; 2) _ i | L ; 3) ; 4) - 2 2 5 ;

5) 4 8 ; 6) 4.
5.39. :
1) s ln ;t = 1; 2) sin : = 0; 3) c o s* = 0; 4) cos 1;
5) 3 sin Af+sin? x + cos? x = 1; 6)3 sin 2 x-j- 4 cos 2 x = 4.
5.40. :
-\ , . ,
1) sin -g 4 COS -g-+ 2 tg ;

2) )/~2 sin - p + 3 ctg 5 cos 4 p ;

3) V 2 sin (765) cos ( 1140) + 1 g 585 + V"Z ctg ( - 240);'

4) cos ( ) -j- sin i ^ l ^ ctg ^ - j tg ^

5.41. :
1) sin ( *) = 1; 2) cos ( *) = 1; 3) sin (2x) = 0%
4) cos (3xj = -v l,
238
 5.42. :
"-
1) sin 217; 2) c o s ; 3) tg 4; 4) ctg 237;

5) s i n 2, 8n; 6) cos 1, 2.
.
5.43. s i n a = 0,8, /2 < < . c o s a , t g a
ctg .
5.44. sin a , cos tg a , , ctg a =
= 4/3 0 < a < .
5.45.
:
1) s i n a = 3/5, c o s a = 4/5; 2) s i n a = 12/13, c o s a = 5/13;
3) sin a = 0,8, cos a = 0,6;
4) sin a = ^ 4 0 / 7 , c o s a = 3/7; 5) s i n a = l , c o s a = l ?
5.46. sin a , cos a 0, 7538?
5.47. c o s a =b/c, 0 < b < c, 0 < a < /2 . t g a .
5.48. t g a + c t g a , cos a = 3/5, /2 < a < . -
5.49. ,
1) t g ? a sin? a = tg? a sin? a ;
2) sin 3 a (1 - f ctg a) + cos 3 a (1 + tg a) = sin a + c o s a ;
3) cos 2 a (2 tg a - f - 1) (tg a + 2) 5 sin a cos a = 2 ;
sin 4 a + cos 4 a 1.
sin 2 a cos 2 a cos 2 a sin? a
, / 1 s i n a . , / 1 4 - sin 2
' V l+sina V 1 s i n a |cosa|
5.50. , .
:
1) ( s i n a cos a )2 + (sin a + cos a ) 2;
2) (cos a - t g a )2 + (sin a -c tg a )2;
1 sin 2 4) / _ J ------ tg a 'j ( !----- f tg a V
1 cos 2 a ^ Vc o s a / \ co s a /

25. ,

1.
. .
, : > 0 , ^ 0 ,
+ ^ < 2 .

+ ;
- (. 74).
= i cos (a + ) + j sin (a + p). (1)
,
.
239
 -

= I' cos + ' sin . (2)

(. 75):
' I cos + sin a , f i sin + j cos .

(2) :
(i cos a + j sin ) cosP + ( I sin a -f / cos a ) sinP,
. e.
O M = i (cos a cos P sin a sin P) +
+ y ( s i n a c o s P + c o s a s in P ). (3)

, ( 1) (3),
:
sin (a + ) = sin a cos P + cos a sin P

cos (a + P) = cos a cos P sin a sin p.

. ,

. ,
:
s i n ( a ) = s i n a c o s p c o s a s in P ,
cos ( a P) = cos a cos P + sin a sin p.
240

:
t ( ' \ sin (a + P) sin a cos P + cos a sin p
? la + P) cos (a-f-P) cos a cos p sin a sin P

+ & ,
, + ^ + nk, k Z .
,
cos a cos .

t g ( + -

, ,
,
tg a tgp
tg (a ) j _j_tg a tg

, , , +
+ , k Z .
1. ,
cos 75 sin 75.
cos 75 = cos (45 + 30) = cos 45 cos 30
. - , 2 2 1 6 2
sin 45 sin 30 = 2-------- ~ ~ 2 ~ ------ 4------ 0 , 2 5 ,
sin 75 = sin (45 + 30) = sin 45 cos 30 + cos 4 5 J sin 30J ==

2. sin a = 0 , 6 , sin p = 0,8. ,

/2 < a < /2 < < . s in ( a + p)
cos ( + ).

c o s a = V 1 0, 6 2 = 0,8, c o s P = V 1 0,8 2 =
= - 0 ,6 ,
sin ( + ) = 0 , 6 ( 0 ,6 ) + ( 0 , 8 ) 0,8 = 1 ,
cos ( + ) = ( 0,8) ( 0 , 6 ) 0 ,6 0 ,8 = 0. '
, . I 241
 3.

sin + cos [ j-'j cos ( x + - | j - s i n ( * )

sin + j^.-cos^ c o s ^ + ^ ^ -sin [ =

= sin ( ( * + - j ) - ( * - | ) ) = s i n | = l .

4.

1 -j-tg 2 ,4 -tg 0,15 1 1 , 0 ,

tg 2 ,4 tg 0,15 tg (2 ,4 0,15) tg 2,25 **

5.

sin cos -j- sin cos 0.

. . . :
Sin X- COS J + Sin COS X Sin J ,

3x 3x
sin = 0. , = , . e.
2
x -^ n k , kZ.

2
: x = - j n k , k ^ Z . J L
2. . ,

jt 3
; ; ; ; 2 +

,
,
.
242
 :

COS sin tg ctg

cos sin a tg a ctga

,
sin cos a ctga tg a

sin Cl cosa ctga tg a
~2~
+ cos a sin a tg a ctga
cos a sin a t g a ctga
.
+ sin a cos a c tg a tg a

sin O' cos a ctga tg a

8
1

2 + cos a sin a tg a ctga

2 cos a sin a tg a ctga

.
1. ,
\ ( \
sin J = cos a , ( - - a ) = s i n a

a g R.

sin a ^ = sin c o s a cos s i n a = c o sa .

,
cos _ ) = cos c o s a + sin -g- sin a = sin a . A

0 2 (
0 ).

,
,
0 .

14* 2-13
 2. c o s- .
/0 . 4\ 4 / , \
cos - - = cos ( 2 - f -g- j = cos = cos t + - j J =
1 A
= ~ C0ST == ~~2 '
3.

sin ( + ) + C0 S ( + ) + tg a ) + c tg (2 n ).

sin ( + ) + c o s(n + a) + tg ( - ) +
-f- ct g (2 ) = cos c o s a + c t g a c t g a = 0 . .

4. cos ( 0,5:) +
+ cos ( + 0,5) = 0.
cos 0,5 ; cos 0,5: = 0,
2 cos 0,5: = 0 ,
cos 0,5: = 0,
0,5 = + nk,
: = + 2 &, rAe^gZ.
: = - ( 2 + 1), k ^ Z . A .
3.
.
2
.
= ,

cos 2 a cos (a + a) = c o s a c o s a s i n a sin a ,
, ,
cos 2 a = cos 2 a sin 2 a.
,
.
= ,

sin 2 = sin ( + ) = sin a cos + sin a cos ,
, ,

sin 2a = 2 sin a cos a.

244
 ,
.
-
:
2 tg
tg 2 = - 2
& 1 t g 2 OS

0 ctg 2 1
c tg 2 =
2 ctg
1. t g a = 3/4. tg 2.
2 .1
. . 2 tg 4 3
2 1 - tg 2 j __ ^ 3_ j 3 7

2. sin a = 0 ,8 , 0 < a < /2.

siri 2 a.
sin 2a = 2 s i n a cos a = 2 -0,8 cos a =
= 1 ,6 -| sin 2 a = 1,6 - 0,8 2 = 0,96. 4

3. .sin cos : + = 0.

sin : cos ; + = 0,
2 sin : : + 1 = 0 ,
sin 6 ; = 1 ,
6 : = + 2 ,

= ~ + >- k ^ Z - k
cos 2
(
),
cos 2 a = 1 2 sin 2 a ,
cos 2 a = 2 cos 2 a 1.
sin 2 a ,
cos? a tg 2 a cos 2 a:
1 cos 2a
sin 4 a 2
1. + cos 2a
cos 2 a 2
, ,, 1 cos 2a
tg a = i _[_'CQg 2g ~
245

.
4. s in a , c o s 2 a = 4/5
< a < /2 .
1_
: sin2a = C J 2 a --=^ _ = 0,1.

, s i n a = K o , l , sin a > 0 .
5. sin-^- cos .
- 2
1 cos ,

/ _____=
. 1 / 2 2 2
2 ~ ----- 2~^ '

, s t n - - > 0

cos > 0.
3
6 . , sin a = , < a <

< /2. cos .

c o s a =
1- | = - - <
a . a , _
< < , TO COS < 0,

|= - | / ) . _ 0

7. l + cos4x = 2cos2x.
1 + cos 4 2 cos 2,
2 cos 2 2 2 cos 2,
cos 2 2 + cos 2 0 ,
cos 2 (cos 2: + 1) = 0 ,
246
cos 2x = 0 cos 2 x + 1 = 0 ,

2x + nk, cos 2x = 1 ,

x = 4 - - j ft, /e g Z , 2 ; = + 2 &,

x ~^-\-nk, k^Z.A

4.
, .
sin ( + ) = sin cos + cos s in ,
sin ( P) = s i n a c o s P cos a sin

,
sin ( + ) + sin ( ) = 2 sin a cos ,
. .
sin a cos = 4" (sin ( + ) -f sin ( )). ( 1)

cos (a + ) = cos a cos sin a sin p,
cos ( a p) = cos a cos p s i n a sin p

, -
cos a cos = (cos ( a - f ) + cos (a p))? (2)

,
sin a sin P = (cos ( a p) cos (a + P)). (3)

(1) a + P = x, a P = y-

a - , '
( 1)
-
sin + sin = 2 sin !cos - - ,

. .
.
,

sin sin = 2 sin cos

247
. .

.
' (2) (3)
:
, -- X
COS X + COS = 2 COS cos
. e.

;
. 4- . ~-
COSX COS 2 S1D sin 2" *

. .

, .
1. sin 2 cos sin 5.
sin 2 cos ^ -sin 5 a =

= (sin ( ) + sin 5 ) sin 5 =

1 . , 1 . 1 1
= sin + sin 5 sin 5 = sin .

2. sin 75 + sin 15.

A sin 75 + sin 15 = 2 sin ~t 15- cos g l ~ . ?5- =,

= 2 sin 45 cos 30 = 2 . = .
Z Z 2.

3. cos* = s in -
 *. a s i n a + ftcosot.
, ,

a sin a + b cos a .

~ %-\- b%.
b ,
= 05 b = r sin , ( 1)
:
a sin a + b cos a r (cos sin a + sin cos a ) >= r sin (a + ).
, (1)
a a b

V. sin i n t -
F2 3 sin nt.
,
.

JT
= 2 sin nt cos g* + 2 cos n t sin - g - + 3 sin nt

= 4 sl/i n t + 3 cos nt.

.

r = Vr 4 i + ( V 3 ) * = 19,
,
4 3

0,4078.
, = 4 sin n t 3 cos / 19 sin (nt + 0 ,4 0 7 8 ).
, 2
( )
19, ; 0,4078
, Fv

1 . .
2. + , .
3. ,
249
 4. cos 2, cos

5.
. .
6.
.

5.5). :
1) sin 14 cos 31-f-sin 31cos 14;
2) sin 55 cos 35 + sin 35 cos 55;
3) sin 63 cos 33 cos 63 sin 33;
4) sin 24 cos 36 cos 24 sin ( 36); 5) sin 105; 6) cos 105,
5.52. :
1) cos 5 cos 40 sin 5 sin 40;
2) cos 127 cos 37 + sin 37 sin 127;
3) sin 4630' cos 4330' + sin 4330' cos 4630';
4) cos 11330' cos 5330' -j-sin 11330' sin 5330';

5) cos - j cos -y-----sin sin ;
13 4 , 4 13
6) s i n - - c o s- -----sin -g - cos - g -
5.53. :
1) cos a cos 2a sin a sin 2a ;
2) cos (60 + a ) cos a -j- sin (60 -f- a ) sin a ;
3) sin ( y + 2 p ) cos ( - 2 ) + c o s ( - J + 2 P ) sin ( y ~ 2 p ) ;

I-sin a ~ j ) ;
sin (a + P) + sin (a P) _
s in ( a + p) sin <a P)
6) cos 5p + sin 2p sin 3p.
6.54. s in ( a + p),
cos a = 8/17, cos P = 4/5, < a < /2 < P< 2.
5 3 5 . s i n ( a + P),
sin 12/13, cos J3 = 3/5, 0 < a < /2 , < P< /2?
5.56. co s(a + P) co s(a P), s i n a = 5/13, sinf
3/5, /2 < < , < < /2.
5.57. :
1) sin ( + ) sin ( ) = 2 cos a sin ;

2) sin ^ + ^ = ! - _ ? (sin a + cos a );

0> sin (a P) + 2 cos a sin P 0k_
] 2 cos a cos P cos (a P) g(
4) cos? a sin 2 P = c o s (a P) cos (a + P).
250
 5.58. :
1) c o s3 x c o s 2 x sin sin 2:= 1 ;
* , : .
2) sin cos -cos sin = 0;

3) 2 cos (45 -f- ) + sin = 1; 4) sin : sin cos 2: = 0.

5.59. :
tg 17 + tg 4 3 . tg 19 tg 41 .
1 _ tg 17 tg 43 ' 1+ t g 19 tg 41
i t 71 t n
1 + t g 77c30' tg 32c30' g l f g T2
} tg 7730' tg 3230' ; >
g6 + S [
5.60. t g ( a + P),
tg a = 3/4, cos P = 3/5 0 < a < /2 , 0 < P < /2 .
5.61. tg ( a - j- p ) ,
sin a = 1I V 5, tg p = 1/3 0 < a < /2 , 0 < p < /2.
5.62. tg (a P),
cos a = 2 /]^"5, tg p = 1/3 0 < a < /2 , 0 < P < /2.
5.63. :
1) sin 330; 2) cos 570 ; 3) ctg 225; 4) tg 135;
5) sin ( - 9 3 0 ) ; 6) ctg (- 3 8 1 0 ); 7) c o s - y ; 8) tg I

9) sin 201 0 + 4 tg ( 855)-)- ] /" 3 cos ( 1590);

22 15 /-- 23
10) V 2 sin ^ 6 cos + 2 tg V 3ct
5.64. :

1) tg a - t g ( ^ + a ) = 1;

(
sm(^ - I ) ctg
( * + ) sin
2)
(
C tg( 2 - ) t ( * - ? )
sin (a ) -sin (2 a ) -cos (a 2)
=sin 2 a ;
sin ( y a ) ctS ( - ^ + a ) ct ( " - )
4) cos (45 + a) = sin (45 a).
a a . a
5.65. sin , cos , tg , sin a = 0,6

0 <a <
2-
5.66. Sin , COS y cos a = -----

< a < *

251
 5.67. :
.. 1 + cos 2 . . ,
1 -- c o s 2 2) t e ( l + c o s 2 a f c

3) ^ C0S ; 4) 2 cos2 (-- ) sin 2 .

s in a \ 4 J
5.68. :

>1^5 + - - ( $ - 1
3) 1 sin a = 2 sin? ( 450 ) 4, i + S S g . t / - .
5.69. :
1) 1 + cosjc= 2 cos ; 2) 1 cos = 2 sin ;

3) sin 4: + 2 cos2 * 1 = 0 ; 4) 2 sin2 : 3cos2jc = 3.

5.70. :
]) sin 10 sin 20; 2) sin 45 cos 30; 3) cos 35 sin 25;
4) cos 55 cos 20; 5) sin (* + a ) sin ( x a);
6) sin {x 4- a) cos (x a ); 7) cos ( x+ a) cos (x a).
5.71. , :
1) sin 8230' cos 5230'; 2) sin 82=30'cos 3730';
3) cos 3730' cos 730'; 4) cos 8230' cos 3730';
5) cos 75 cos 105; 6) cos 45 cos 75.
5.72. :
1) cos 50 cos 20 cos 70;
2) 2 sin 70 sin 10 + cos 80;

3) 2 cos a cos 2 a cos 3 a; 4) 2 sin ( - j - + a ) cos

, 4 T a)
5.73. ,
1) 2 sin a sin 2 a + cos3 a = cos a ;
2) 2 sin a sin 3 a + 2 cos 7 a cos3 a cos 10a = cos 2a.
5.74. :
1) sin 105 + sin 75; 2). sin 105 sin 75;
g, . 11 , ,5 11 .5
3) sin > -sin -jTj ; 4) s m ^ n sin ;
["4 n . . 7 _ , 7
5) cos + sin j y ; ) cos j g sin ;

7) cos 97 + cos 83; 8) cos 105 cos 75;

04
W) c o s - ^ n11+ cos, j g5 ; 10) c o sj^11 cos-j^n, 5

5.75. :

1) sin ^ y + a j + s l n ( a ) I 2) sin ( + a j sin

252
 3) cos (a + 60) + cos (a 60); 4) cos (a + 60) cos (a 60);

5.76. :

1) 1 + 2 sin a ; 2) 1 2 sin a ; 3) ^ ~ + s i n a ; 4) 2 sin a ;

5) 0,5 + c o s a ; 6) , c o s a ; 7) c o s a + 1; 8) 1 c o sa .
5.77. ,
1) 2 (sin a + c o s a ) *= "~ sin ( a + 45);
2) 2 (sin a cos a ) = 8 sin (a 45);

3) sin a sin 2 a + sin 3 a = 4 sin cos cos ;

cos 4 a + cos 2 a cos 3 a ,
4) sin 2 a + sin 4 a ^ 3a<
5.78.

cos 95 + cos 94 + cos 93 + cos 85 + cos 86 + cos 87.

5.79. :
1) sin 5x + sin jc = 0;

3) cos 2x + cos x = 0;
4) sin x sin 7x = sin sin 6x;

5.80. ,
:
1) l - |- c o s 2a 2 sin 2 a ;
2cos a sin 2a 2sin a sin 2a
sin? a sin a + c o s 2 a

^ sin a 0,5 sin ( + 2 )

2 sin 2 a
sin 2 a ;
^ 1 + c o s ( 2a)

253
 5.81. :
1) Cos4 i l _ s i n 4 ^- = c o s a ;
A
2) (sin a + cos a)2 1 = sin 2a;

3) sin 2a tg a = cos 2a tg a ; 4)2 cos2 ^ y + a j 1 = sin 2a.

5.82. , 15 sin 15 = 0,25.
5.83. , cos 2a = 0,5. cos2 a.
5.84. ,
2 t, g yOi 1tg 2 _ I a Q*
sin a ----------------, cos a = ---------------
l+ tg 2f [ + lS2 T
a /? .
5.85. :
X
1) sin 2 2 sin jc = 0; 2) cos * + sin? = I;

3) cos2 x sin2 x; 4) sin 2x cos 2x ^ = 0 -

5.86.
:
1) cos2 15; 2) sin2 1,5a; 3) sin2 ^45 + y j ; 4) cos2 j |a r j j
5.87. :
1) cos ^ 2-^ = 1; 2) sin ( + :) = 0 ;

3) sin ( n - y ) - c o s ( y + 4 ) = 0;

4) sin ^ + 3x j cos x + sin 3* sin ( x) = 1,

5.88.
:
1) sin 54; 2) cos 106; 3) tg 68; 4) sin 4p;
5) cos 3a; 6) s i n ^ y a ^ ; 7) c o s ^ y - |- 2 a j ;

8) sin ; 9) cos ; 10) sin a j.

5.89. :
2 te 9230'
1) 2 sin 15 cos 15; 2) ^

3) cos2 - sin2 4 i 4) 1 - 2 sin2 75;

l _ t g 2 75
5) 2 sin 75 cos 75j 6) \
6.90. :
1) sin 2a, c o s a = 3/5 0 < a < /2;
2) cos 2a, s in a = 4/5 < a < /2;
254
 3) tg 2 a , cos a = 3/5 /2 < a < ;
4) ctg 2a, tg a = 2 0 < a < /2.
5.91. cos 2a tg 2 a , s in a = 0,8, 0 < a < /2 ,
5.92. sin 2a, c o s a = 8/13, sin a > 0.
5.93. : sin 2a 2 sin a , 0 < a <jt/2?
5.94. :
2 tff 30
1) 2 sin 40 sin 50; 2) | _ 3Q0' \
3) 2 c o s ^ a j cos^-^-+ a j ; 4) (cos 15cos 75) (sin75+ sin 15),

26. ,
1. .
. ,
0 < | | < / 2 ,
. sin a ., ,,,
cosa < < 1. ( 1)

0 < a < /2.

(. 76).
BD

.

< 5 - < ^,

5
, S ceKT .
|,BD| = s i n a
| | = tg , . 76

S& aob = \ \ \ B D | = i - s i n a ,

^. = S&AOC | | AC | = tg a .

,
s in a < a < tg a .

s in a ,

, , a . I . sin a _,
1 < < ----- c o s a < ------ < 1.
sin a cos a a
255
 sin a
, c o s a ,
'
( 1) ( 0 ;

a ( ( ; ) ^
(1) ,
I s in a I < | a |

^ ) , .
sin 0 = 0 j sin | ^ 1 , -
| s in a | ^ I a | (2)
a g R .
. T s in * c o s *
0 g R.
*

x + x0
s in * sin * = 2 sin * * cos

, (2 ),
X +
s in * s in *0 = 2 sin COS
2
-0
< 2- 1 = 1*-

. .
| sin * sin * 1X *0-1.
, s i n * s-sin *0
* *- *, sin *
*0.
,
. tg * ctg *
.

.
2. 3 = s in jf h ^ = cosat.
, - y = z in*,
x ( t R , , 2,
, | s i n * | ^ l
x ( t R - = sin *
.
, ^ = sin *
:
256
 1) R
.
2 ) [ 1; 1], . .
,
1 1.
3) 2;

2 (, ),

2nk, k ( t Z .
4) ;
,
, [0 ; ],
[ ; 0 ].
5)
.
= sin*.
sin * = 0 [0; ],
*i = 0 , *2 = , . . -
. j 0; -5- j
0 1; ; j 1 0.

[ 0 ; ]

2 5
X 0


J

sin X 0
1 V"2 V I 1 v s Y ~2 1 0
2 2 2 2 2

(. 77). -
9 , . I 257
'
,
2, k Z , y==s\n x,
(. 78).

6 ) = , k Z .
7) y = sin * 1 1
j + 2 ; + 2 , g Z , -
JT 3 I

8 ) i/ = sin *
[ + 2k\ + 2
,
, k Z.
1,
-2-+ 2 k, g Z , ,

1 , * = -5- + 2 &.
\ 1
cos * = sin I + ] * / ? , -,
cos*, * /? ,
sin * , * /? ,

. ,
(. 79),
.
= cos*.
1) R .
2) [ 1; 1J.
258
 8 ) 2.
4) (
).
5)
* R-
6 ) * = + , ft g Z.
7) 1 1
[ + 2 ; 2 nft], f t g Z , 1 1
[2; + 2/], ft g Z.
8 ) , 1,
: = + 2 ft, ft Z , , 1, *
= 2ft, ft Z .
3. = tg _ = ctg X.
t g * :
1) R,
* = + , ftg Z.
2) R.
3) ;

[ \
! ; I . '
4) ;
,
^ 0 ; ^ .
5)
.
= t g *
^ 0 ; y j
/ = tg * .

nft, ft Z ,
tg * , (. 80).
6 ) * = nft, f t g Z .
7)
+ ft; + /^, ft Z.
c tg x = tg ^* + ) ,
= c tg * tg *

.
9* 259
 ctg . 81.
.

4. .

sin * i/ = 3sin*.

(. 82). , // = 3 s in *

*/ = s in *
.
, = k sin * , 0,
s in * k
. k < , y k sin *

= | k | sin *.
260
 \k \
, .

. 83 :
/ = sin :; = 2 sin * ; y = 0 ,5 s in x .

sin : sin 2.

(. 84). , = sin 2
s in *
.

, y = s'max, > 0,
sin * ()
. < 0,
/= sin *
t/ = s in ( ).
261
 . 85
sin * , = sin 0 ,5, sin 2 *.

sin : = sin (^ + .
(. 86 ).
, sin ( * -+ j J

y = s in *
^ .
sin (* + 0)
# = sin *

| <0 1 , <0 > 0 , ,

0 < 0 .
. / = 3 sin ^ 2 * + -2-) .
, .
.
:

= 3 sin 2 + )
262
 &= 3 > 0 ,
; = 2 > 0 ,
; 0 = ^ > 0 ,
.
,
y = ks \ t \ ( ax + ), ,

:
y = ks\na(^x +

,
y = k s \ n a x

, > 0 , ,

~ < 0.

1. sin , = ,
(/ = t g x , = ctg .
2. = sin , = cos , =
= t g x , / = ctg .
?

6.95. :
1) t/ = sin = 2 sin x ;
2) */ = sin / = sin ^
3) = cos / = 2 cos ;
4) = cos cos 2:;
263
 X X
5) # = sin 1 y = 1 sin ;

) cos j + 1 j / = I CO Sy.

27.

1. .

, | | ^ 1 (. 87).

, . .

IOs-asl -< 0
. 87

ct, sin = ,
. .
. . , | | ^ 1 ,
> > j
. :
.a rc s in a ( ).
1. a r c s i n y .
. 3 1 1 - 1 *
1 sin = ^ ^ , a rc s in y = .

2 . arcsin ^

sin ( j ) = - y [ - ; f ] ,
arCs i n ( - l ) = - i . A
264
 3. arcsin 0,975.

arcsin 0,975 1,346721 1,35.
/ = sin : | 1 ] 00 03'
; ,

, (. 16, . 8 )
.
, = , j ; y j ,
= arcsin ,
-
, ,
[ 1; 1],
f ; .
,
arcsin * , * [ 1; 1],
/ = sin , ; y j ,

(. 88 ).
2. .

* = , ( 1 (. 89).
265

A B D, . .
, c o s a ,
^ ^ . .
. , | | ^ 1 ,
[0 ; ],
.

. 89

: arccos (
).
1. arccos
2 _ Y 2
1 cos-^- = - j - [0; ], arccos .

2. arccos^ ^ ~ ) '
1 Y 2 - 1
cos-^ = 6 [0; \,
( ~2\ .
arccos^ J = j .
3. arccos 0,2.

arccos 0,2 1,3694383 1,4.
= c os x [0; ]
; , ,
.
, co sx , * [ 0 ; ] ,
= arcco s* ,
* [ 1; 1].
, ,
[ - 1; 1].
266
 [0; ].
.(/ arccos*, * [ - 1; 1],
= co s* , * [ 0 ; ] ,
(. 90).

3. .
(*; )
. t g a = =

. 91

t g a ~ = .
, , ,
,
t g a .
267

(. 91),
. . ,
tg , < < .
.
.
( ; ) , .

: a rc tg (
).
1. arctg ^ .3.

. t g y = l/ ' 3
7
arctg Y 3 = . L
2. arctg ( V 3).
tg ^ ) = V yif

arctg ( V 3) = -2-.

^ ; ^ ; ,
, .
, y t g x , x ^ ; )
= arctg x, x R .
, ,

( ; ), ^ >
268
 a rc tg * , x R ,
= t g x , * ^ ; ) ,

(. 92).
.
(0 ; ), .
arcctg (
).
3. arcctg ( 1).
K a K c t g ^ = 1 ~ (0; ), arcctg ( 1 ) = .
(, )
; ,

; , ( 0 ; )
,
.
, y d g x , ( 0 ; ) ,
= arcctg ,
R.
, ,
R ,
- (0; ). = a r c c tg *,
g R , . 93.
y c t g x , * ( 0 ; ),
' .
269


1. , .
2. = arcsin .
. .
3. , .
4. arocos .
. .
5. . .
6. r/ = a ro tg * .
. .

5.96. ;
( \
1) arcsin ( 1); 2) arcsin 1; 3) arcsin ( ----- - J ; 4) arcsin - ;
/ ' V~~2
.5) arcsin I -Zy- I ; 6) arosin ~ y - ; 7) aroslnO.

5.97. :

1) arccos ( 1); 2) arccos 1; 3) a r c c o s ^ ^ arccos

V 3
2
5) arccos ^ ; 6) arccos ; 7) arccos 0.
5.{i8. :

1) a rc tg 1; 2) a rc tg ( 1); 3) a rc tg

4) a r c t g ; 5) a rc tg 0.

5.99. :
1) arqctg 1 ; 2) arcctg 0; 3) arcctg -^3- ) I 4) arcctg ;
5) arcctg V 3; 6) arcctg ( V 3).
5.100. :
1) arcsin 0,8221; 2) arcsin (0,4051); 3) arccos 0,9128;
4) arccos (0,9703); 5) a ro tg 2,194; 6) a rc tg (7,897);
7) a r c c t g 3 ,7 0 6 ; 8 ) a r c c t g ( 2 6 4 ,4 ) .
5.101. :

1) arcsin - f a rc tg ^ a rc c o s ^ ----- ^ ; 2) aroctg( V 3)-

arcsin ^ -f-0,83arccos 1; 3) sin(arcsin ^ y ^1 4) c o s ^ a r c c o s y

5) tg (a rc tg V 3); 6) ctg ^ a rc tg ; 7) sin ^ a rc c o s ^ - -

8) tg 2 ^ a r c c o s - ^ - ^ ; 9) arocos ^ sin 'j ; 10) a ro tg ( ctg

270
 5.102. :

1) arcsin 2 = ; 2) a rctg ( = ;

.. . , , 2
3) arccos j j - ; 4) arectg ( + 1) = ,
5.103. y = arcc 0s jc a rc tg 2:,
0; 1/ 2 ; V 3/2.
5.104. j/ = a ro c tg 2* a rc s in * ,
- V 3/2; - 1 / 2 ; 1/2; 3/2.
5.105. :
1) = 2 arcsin \ ' 2) = arcsin 2;
1 X
3) = ~ 2 arccos \ 4) arccos

28.

1. .


sin.v = a, cos = a, tg = , c tg * = a,

.

,

.

1.
s in * = a. ( 1)
| s i n * | ^ l , (1) > 1
< 1 (. 94).
271
 1, (1) sin : = 1;
:
= + 2 kn, k e z . (2 )

= 1, (1) sin = 1;
:
= + 2 , f tg Z . (3)

| | < 1- 2,
( 1)
2 .
'. -
"
: 2" >

"I ,^
; ! >
.
(1) ; y j
arcsin ( ).
( 1) ', yj s in x =
= ( ). , x g ; ^ , ( )

[ ; ] , - sin ( )
J' ; x = a r c s in a , .. := arcsin .
(1)

2, k g Z. ,
x = a rc s in a + 2 to , (4)
arcsin a + 2kn. (5)
:
= ( \)k arcsin a + nk, kZ. (6 )
, k (4),
k (5).
1. sin = ~5/2.
(6 )
= ( l)k arcsin + fert, kZ.

272
 a r c s i n ^ - y , = ( 1)*- j - jtft.

: = ( 1)* + , g Z .
2. sin 2* = 1 .
(3) 2 = - | - 2 .

: = + ftn, ft Z .

3. sin;c = 0,4099.
(6 )
= ( 1)* arcsin ( 0,4099)+ nft, ft g Z .
,
( 1)*( 2 4 1 2 ')+ 180 ft, ft<=Z,
( l)ft+12412'+ 180ft, ftgZ.A
2.
cosx = a. . (7)
|c o s jc |< ! 1 , (7) > 1
< 1 (. 95).

= 1, (7) cosa; = 1 ;
:
x = 2nk, ft Z- (8 )
= 1, (7) := 1;
: .
x = jt + 2nft, . . x = jT (2 ft+ 1), f t g Z . (9)
| | < 1.
2 , (7)
2 .
, . 1 273
 [ ; ]
; [; 0 ],

, [0 ; ],
. ,
[ ; 0 ] [0 ; ]
(7) .
(7) [0; ] arccos . (7)
[ ; 0 ] arccos ,
. (7)
[ ; ] a r c c o s a .
(7)
2kn, k Z .
,
x = a r c c o s a + 2foi, k Z . (10)
4. c o s 3 x = l / 2 .
(10)

= arccos + 2 / = ~ + 2 .

2
: = + kn, k Z . .
5. cos = 0.
5 := - / , k Z.
Tt 1
: x = nk, kZ. A
6 . cos2^ = 0,5.
(10)
2 / = arccos ( 0,5) + 2, k Z,
2 / = ( arccos 0,5) + 2kn, kZ,
2t = ^ - + 2 kn, kZ,

t = -% - + k , kZ.

: i = 4j- + fort, ftgZ.A

3.
t g x = a. ( 11)

,
( 11),
.
274
 ( 11)

( ~ ) arctS a '
(11),
, ,
nk, ft g Z . ,
x = a r c t g a + nk, f tg Z . ( 12)
7. tg = 1.
(12)
= a rctg ( l) + nft, f tg Z ;

a r c tg ( 1; = , = + n k .
-. = ^ + , ft g Z ,
8 . t g * = 2,793.
( 12)
arctg 2,793 + nk, ftg Z .
,
1,1397 + nk, ftg Z .
4.
ctg = . (13)
.
(13)
.
(0; ). (13)
(0 ; ) arcctg (
).
(13),
, ,
, nk, f t g Z . ,
: = arcctg + nk, ft g Z . (14)
9. c tg 2 x = 1.
(14)
2 = arcctg ( l) + nft, f tg Z ;

arcctg ( 1) = - ^ - , 2 x = ~ - { - n k .

-, = + , ft g Z .

275
 10. d g = .
(14)
/
5: = a rc c tg -^-+ nk, kZ:

a r c c t g = , 5 = -&.

-, + , k(tZ.h.
10

2. .
,
.
, .

a- 1 a= 0 a- 1

, .
s in , (1) arcsin + X= x = nk, + 2,
2*
< 1 -\-iik, k Z + 2, k Z k Z k Z

cos* = a, = arccos + x = n-\-2nk, = + , x = 2nk,

| | < 1 + 2 , k Z k Z , k Z k Z

t gx = a : = arctg a-\-nk, x nk, X = -^-J rn k ,
X== 4" 4
k Z + /, k Z k Z k Z

ctg = x = arcctg a-\-nk, +1 nk,

x = ^ {-nk, x = ^--\-nk, x =
4
kZ k^ Z k Z k Z

1. ,
1. 2 s in 2 x + 3 c o s x = 0.
2 : - 1 cos 2 :,
2 cos 2 3 cos 2 = 0 .

3 V + 4 -2-2 3 5
cosx = 2 -2
276
 :
cos = 2 cosx = 1/ 2 .

, I ^ cos ^ I .

: = + 2kn, k Z.
2. 7 sin == 3 cos 2.
c o s 2x = l 2 sin 2 :,
7 sin = 3 6 sin 2 ,
6 sin 2 + 7 sin 3 = 0.

sin :.
sin * , 6(/2 + 7/ 3 = 0.

= 1/3, / = 3/2.

sin = 1/3
= ( 1) arcsin -|- nk, kZ.

: = 3/2 ,
| sin | ^ 1 .
: ( 1)ft arcfein 4 nk, k Z . A .
3. 5 t g 2x 13 t g x 6 = 0 .

t g x . t g x , 5/2 13 6 = 0.
3, %= g-.
tg : = 3
arctg 3 + nk, ftg Z .
2
t g x = -g-

277
 2 .' ,

4. sin t g x + 1 = sin -I-
+ tg .

s in x tg + 1 sin : tg =

:
(sin.x 1) (tg 1) = 0 .
, sin : 1 = 0 , t g x 1 = 0 .

+ 2 x ^ + nk, kZ.

= + 2nk
, .
: = -^ + /, kZ.
,
,
,
; (
) .
.
t g x s i n 2x = 0 .

,
t g x = 0 s in 2x = 0 ; x nk
= /2 .
t g x

= + kn = (2k+ \ ) ~ . .^

= 2k + 1 ().
(
).
n = 2k
. ,
x nk.

,
278
 .
,
, ,
.
-, > s i n 2 1 4 - c o s 2*
5. -j------ = ^ - .
1 COS COS X

s i n 2 2 sin * cos* cos*
1 c o s 2x 2 sin 2 * sin x
1 4 - c o s 2x 2 cos2 x
------- = -o------ = COS X,

2 cos * 2 cos *

cos x = " -s *
sin *
cos x (sin
v
X 1) = 0,
'

, co sx = 0, s i n x 1 = 0.
co sx = 0

= + &, k Z .

s i n x 1 = 0
= + 2 , ftg Z .

= + 2&
= + k , . .

x = Y + n k , kZ.
=
= + ,

.
,

.
, .
3. ,
s in x c o s
6 . 5 s in 2x + 3 c o s2x =
*= 4 sin 2.
sin 2 x 2 s i n x cos ;

5 s i n 2x 8 s in x c o s + 3 c o s 2x = 0.
279
 cos 2 : (
, cos ) :
5 tg 2 x 8 t g x 4- 3 = 0.

t g x , 5 2 8 /4-3 = 0 , 1
2= 3/5 tg x = l t g x = 3/5.
, x ~ + nk, =

= arctg + nk.

-, x ^ + nk, x = a rc tg -|-4 - nk, kZ./k

7. 3 sin 2 4 s in x cos 4-
4 - 5 sin 2 ^ 4 ^- ^ = 2 .

sin 2 x^ = cos 2 x,
3 sin 2 x 4 sin x cos x 4- 5 cos 2 x 2 == 0.

2 2 (sin 2 x 4 - cos 2 x),

3 sin 2 x 4 sin x cos x + 5 cos 2 x 2 (sin 2 x 4- cos 2 x) = 0,

sin 2 x 4 s i nx cos x 4 - 3 cos 2 x = 0.

cos 2 x, '

tg 2 x 4 t g x 4 - 3 = 0 ,
tg 1 fg x = 3.
, = + /, k.Z, ,
= arctg 3 + nk, kZ.
: ^ 4 - nk, arctg 3 + nk, kZ. A
4.

8 . cos2x = c o s 6 x.
:
cos 2 cos 6 = 0 .

2 s in 4 x s in 2 x = 0 .
280
 sin 4 x = 0 , x ^ n k / 4 ) sin 2 = 0, x nk/2.
.
.', = //4, k Z
9. c o s 2; = sin 2 ;.
sin2*

, :
1 cos 2 : 0 ,
c o s 2.x - ------ 2------ cos = 1 ,

2 : = arccos + 2nk,

: = arccos + n k, k^Z.A
10. sin 6 cos 2 =
= sin 5 cos .

:

(sin 4 + sin 8) = (sin 2: + sin 8),

sin 4: = sin 2

sin 4: sin 2 = 0.

2 sin : cos = 0.

, sinA' = 0 cos3,v = 0,
x nk 3 = - + nk, kZ.

: x nk, = + k, k g Z. A
11. |/" 3 s in A ;-|-c o s x = 1.

= 2 sin 05 ,

cos X cos 9


sm I
2y ,

1 = s in 2 + COS2 ,

281
 :

V 3 ( 2 sin -- cos 'j + cos 2 -7j sin 22~2

- = sin 2 -i-
Jlu ~2 -j- cos 2 ~x2

2 sin 2 y 2 V 3 sin cos = 0.

X X
sin
Sin -g cos .

COS2 ,

2 t g 2| - 2 r 3 t g | = 0 ,

- t g = 0.

tg-Jj- ,

tg ( = 1
= tg y = l/ "3,

Y = nk, = arctg 3 + &,

= 2k, k Z , = 2arctg + 2 =
= - + 2 &, /e Z .
2
: x = 2nk, x = -^ - + 2nk, k Z . A
12. tg * + tg ^ i - j - :) == 2.

+ ( , \ ^ 4" 4* l+tgx

^ + - = - 2

t g 2 = 3.
282
 tg .* = db- " lg
= + ^ ; t g x = Vr 3, = . ~ + nk,
k Z.
Omeetn: = - j + nk, k ^ Z . A

5.106. :
1) sin - ) =0; 2) + =
\/" 2 ,__
3) sinAc=-^y; 4) 2sin X V 2 ;

5) sin 2 = ; 6) 2 sin 2 1;

7) sin _ ; 8) 2 sin = V 3;
3
9) sinA: = -g-; 10) s i n x = 0,25.
5.107. :

1) cos = 1; 2) cos ^ 2* = 1;

3) 2 cos V 2 ; 4) cos x = ;

5) cos3;c = i ^ ; 6) cos 3x = *

7) cos (1 x ) -^- 8) e o s^ -g -

9) c o s - |-= -g - ; 10) cos 4 x = 0,25,

5.108. :
1) tg 2 * = ] /~ 3 ; 2 )lg 2x=

3) tg ( * + - ) = ^ 4) 3 tg ( 3* + ) = -

S) ctg Y"3 ; 6) ctg | = - \f3 ;

7) tg ^ 2x 0} 8) ctg (2x + 45) = - I |

9) t g ( * f ) = 3 ; 10) c t g ( i - x ) = _ 2 .
5.109. :
1) sin? x 2 s i n * 3 = 0; 2) 2 sin? x 5 cos 1= 0 |
3) 2 s l n ? ^ y ^ - - - :^ 2 = Oj
 4) tg 2 x + 2 tg x 3 = 0 ; 5) ctg 3 2x tg ( y S* J 2 = 0;

6) 2 cos 2 :+ 4 sin 2 = 3; 7) 2 (cos 2 x sin 2 x) = 1;

8) sin 4 x cos 4 jc= 0 ,5 ; 9) 3 sin? x cos 2 x = 0;
10) t g 4x tg 3 x 12 = 0.
5.110. ;
1) (s in x l ) t g x = 0; 2) 2 cos x ctg 3x = ctg 3x;
3) sin 3 jc1- sin = 0; 4) sin 5x = sin x ;
5) cos 4 x + c o s x = 0; 6) co s2 x = cosx;
7) cos2x = s i n ^ 6x 8) cos ( 2 ) -|-sin ^-g x^j
9) cos 2x + cos ( + 6) = 0; 10) cos 3x = sin .
5.111. :
1) s i n x c o sx = 0; 2) s i n x V 3 c o sx = 0;
3) 3 s in 2 x 7 sin x cos x + 2 cos 2 x = 0;
4) 4 sin 2 x + 2 cos 2 x 3 s in 2 x = 0;
5) 4 sin 2 x 2 s i n x c o s x = l ;

6) 3 sin 2 x 4 sin x cos x + 5 sin 2 = 2i

7) sin 2 x cos 2 x = 0,5; 8) s in 2 x 2 3 cos2 x = 0;

9) 2 sin 2 x = ~3 sin 2 x; 10) sin 2x = 2 sin? x;
11) s i n x + c o s x = l ; 12) 4 sin x + 3 cos x 3.
5.112. :
1) cos 4x cos 2 x = cos 5x cos x;
2) sin 6x cos 2x = sin 5x cos 3x;
3) cos 2x cos 3 x = sin 6x sin x;
4) cos 3x cos x = sln 3x sin x;
5) 2 cos ( a + x ) cos ( a x) + 0 ,7 5 = cos 2 a;
6) tg 5 x = tg 3 x ; 7) tg 4 x = tg 2 x .
5.113. :
1) 1 t g2 x = 2 tg x ; 2) 1 4 sin? x + s in ? 2x = 0j
3) cos 2x = 2 sin 2 x; 4)t g x = tg 2 x ; 5) tg 2 x 3 tg = 0{
6) 1 c o sx = s i n ? y ; 7) 7 s i n x 3 c o s 2 x = 0.
5.114. :
1) cos cos x = 0; 2) tg ^ + ^ + t g x + 2 = 0;

8) tg ( ^ x + ^ j + t g ^ x - - ^ = 2 c tg x j

4) sin ( x + - j ' ) = s i n ( - \ x
5) 8 sin x 1 = 4 cos? x; 6) 2 sin? x =* 3 cos x,
5.115. :
1) 2cos? x + 3 sin x = 0; 2) 3 sin x = 2 cos? x;

3) cos 2 * -("Cos * = 0; 4) cos" ( x) 2 cos * = 3;

5) cos? (1,5 x) 3 sin x 4; 6) t g ; t 2 c t g x = l ;
7) 4 sin 2 x 3 c o s2 x = 3.
5.116. :
1) 2 cos? ~3 sin 2x 0;
2) cos jc cos ( 2x) = 0; 3) cos x sin ---2:') = lj
4) 1 cos 2x = sin x; 5)1 + c o s 2 x = c o s x;
6) 3 cos * + 5 sin = 1; 7) sin x cos x = 4 sin x c o ^2 x;

8) tg t g x = t g y - f - t g x ,
 6

29.

1. , .


.

( ) .
.
,
( ) (. 96).
, t s,
t, . .

____
fy t

.
. 96

.
,
,
.

, .
,
. ,
, , ,

,
.
, ,
. ,
( )
286
 ,
.

.
s = / ( / ) ,
^ [ 0; ] (. . 96). s0 = /(/ ) Sj = f ( t x),

/0 tx

,
... gt2
s( t ) = , g
(g 9,8 /2), t (
), s ( ).
* ,
, . . /, = 0
tx = 1 :

,
(0; 1) 4,9 /.
,
, . . (0 = 9
/, 10 :
g- 1 0 2 g -9 2
s (10) s (9) 93,1 .
~ 2

,
vcp (9; 10) 93,1 /.
,
, ,
,
. ,
, ,
(, 10 = 0 ^ = 1
t0 9 ^ = 1 0 ) .

, . . =
t x 10 :

287
 (0; 10) 49 /,
(0; 1) 4,9 / (9; 10) 93.1 /, ,
/ = 0
^ = 1 0
.
, , ,
,
-
. ,

,
.
s f ( t ) , t [ 0; ].
t ta
t0 t ,
f (t ) / ( / 0),

CP V f o> t _ ta

, vcp(t0\ t)
tQ
/, .
or ta t
/, t0,
v (t0) t0, . .
(/) = lim (/0; t) = lim f
Mo t-+t0 ~
1. te
.
-
gt2
S = - ,
gt2 g^o
(t0) = - = lim -2 - -
t-*t0
= - |l i m ^ = = |- 1 ( ! - t0)*= gt0.
z t-+t l ~-o *
,
v(t)=gt.
2.

( 0 1,/* + 2 / + 12,
288
 s ( ), t ( ).
t0.

,
v (t) = 3t + 2 .

( ) .

. q = q(t )
( ),
t. q ( lt) q ( t 0)
,
/ 0
/

q(ti)q )
to
/ ])
,
.
, / ,
.


: I (t0) ta
( ),
t 0
t t, . .

/ = / (f; t) = lim <7(0t

-u
t->ty
2. .

.
.
,
,

10 , . 1 289
, ,
.
. / (), ( ; ),
(; b).
lim -/
-*
f () 0
f (0).
, ,

/'(*) = lim f-ix)x Z xf (Xo)-- (

-+0 11
, ,
.
(. 19) (1)
:

I X Xq
= (*.) + (* ),

( ) >0 *. ,
I (*)7 (-*) = (/' (*) + <*))(* 0), (2)
( ) , 0 >-0,
f ( x) = f (0) + / ' (JC) ( 0) + () ( 0), (3)
() *0 0.
(3)
,
.
,

: / () 0
/ (0) 0
,
.
y = f (x), ( ; ),
/ ' () ' (: -
). ,

&-+0 -^-

( ).
290

.
,

,
differentia. f (x) , ( \ b),
(; ) ,
.
, . 1,
:
1) v( t )
t , . .

v ( t ) = * f = s'(ty ,

2 ) I (() t
q(t ) , . .

3. .
,

.
f ()
0 :
1) f ( x) f(xy,
2 ) --------- ;
3) 0.

-+ .

.
1. f () , * / ? ,
. / ' ().
1)
/ (x) f (xQ) = 0 .

2)
/ jx) f (* ) _ __ Q
X X

10* . 291
 3)

lim t (*)z !Z& 0 0 ,

*->0 x x x-+x0

f ' ( x ) = (c)' = 0 .
, . .
2.
/ ( ) = kx + b.
1)
f ( x ) f (0) = {kx + b) (kxB-\-b) = k ( x xa).

2)
/ (X) - / (*) _ k { 0) _ ^
X 0 X 0

3) 0 k.
, / ' (0) = '.
3. f ( x ) = x3, x R . / ' ().
1 )
/ () } (0) = X3 xl = ( 0) (:2 + 0 + 4 ).

2)
I t (*)(X0) (X2+ 0+ ) ....................
X
" --
> 0 - 0~ 0'

3)
lim (2 + 0 0) = -

, /'(* ) = 0. f ( x ) x a
x = x0 R ,
(3)' 2.
4. .
.
. / ()
0, .
/ 0
. , ,
, (.
(3) . 2 ):

/(* ) = / (*) + ( /' (*) + ()) ( x x Q), ( 1)

292
 a ( x ) +Q %+0. *,
( 1),
lim f ( x ) = f ( x 0),
-+0

/ 0.
. ,
,

, . .


. ,




, . .

.
.
f {x) = \\.

f ( x ) = x > 0 f () <
(. 97), ,
,
| 1, > ,
* ) = ( )' =
\ 1 , , < 0 .

, f ( x) = \ x\ = 0
.
: < 0, f (x) = ,

lim , lim = * = 1.
-*- X0 r-*_n X

> 0 , f ( x ) = x,

lim / ( * ) - / ( 0) = lim - = 1.
*->- + *->- +

, f ( x ) = \ \
= 0 . .
293

1. ?
2. ?
3. ?.
4.
.
5. , ^
.

6.1. ,
2736 , 3,8 . .
6.2. 3200 .
64 .
.
6.3.

S (/) = V0t -\----- -

( s , t ).
:
1) ^ = 0;
2) t = t 0.
6.4.
s (0 = 3< 2< + 3,
:
1) / = 0;
2) 5 ;
3) i = 2 .
6.5. t0,
:
l ) s (0 = 2 / 7 ; 2)5(0= ; 3) s ( / ) = * / + VHF.
6. 6. = 0,
,. 1 , = 5 :
1) / ( * ) = **; 2) f () = 22 + 1; 3)_/ () = ( + )2;
4) i () = 3 + 2 + 1; ) / (*) = V \
6) / () = 1 - 3; 7) f () = V x - x 2-.

30. , ,

1. .
. ( ) v(x)
(; ),
( () v ())' = ' () ' ()
294
 ( ) b). ,
( + v) = ' v '.
u( x) + v(x), ( ; b),
, f ()
,
.
(; ).

( ) = lim f W = lim (u W + p W )-( W + W) =

x ^-x o x x x -> x 0 x xo
lim i f c i W + l m i(2= W _
X -> X 0 0

, / ' (0) = ' (0) + v' (). 0

(; ),
f () = ( () + v () = u' ( x ) + v' ().
.
.
) ( 2 -+- + 5)' =. (2)' + (*.+ 5)' = 2 -f 1;
) {* + V ) = {*)' + { ) ' = 2 +
2
) (2 + 4 + 15)' = (2)' + (4- 15)' 2 + 4.
.

(I () + () + . . . - () = [ () + ' ( V) -! . . . - ()
.
2. .
. ( ) v(x)
(; 6 ),
( () v ())' ' () v () + () v ' ()
( \ b). ,
(uv)' = u 'v + u v '.
u \ x ) v ( x ) f (), (; 6 ),
,
.
0 (; b).

f i x ) lim f (*o) = lim -

295
 ,
() v { x ) (0) v (0) =
= ( () (0)) V () + (0) ( () V (0)),

r w _ ta ( s f if c ^ .w + w - a = | | s i )

, ,
/ ' (0) = V (0) ' () + (0) V ' ().
0 (; ),
:
f () = ( () V () ' () V () + v' () ().

.
) (( + 5) ( 8))' = ( + 5)' ( 8) + ( 8)' ( + 5) =
= 1 ( 8 ) + 1 ( + 5) = 2 3;
) ( 2 (2 7))' = (2)' (2 7) + *(2 7)' =
= 2( 2 7) + -2 -= 6 2 14;
) ( V (5 )) = { V x ) (5 ) + * ( 5 )' =
= (5 - ) + V~x ( - 3) ^ ^ ^ .
2 ' ' . 2 .
.
:
(af ())' }' ().

af (x) , ,
(af ())' = ( I () + a f () = 0 / () + a f () = a f ().
.

> ( ) , = ^ 2) ' = ;
) ( + 5) = ( - j j + (5 ) '= (3) ' -f 5 ( ) '= 2 + 5.
S. .
. ( ) v(x)
(; ), ( ) = ^ 0
( ; ),
/ () _' () () () ' ()
\v(x)J ~ vi(x)
298
 sin2;/ , (2).

1 + X2 = 1 + c tg 2 ----- X ,
1 sin

, sin 2 =
,
(arcctg'x)' =
1 + 2

.
a) (arcctg 3) '= 1+ ( ^ 7 (*3)' = --

6 } ( arcctg V ____ 1_________3 ( l + x 2) ^ - 2 x - 3 x

6 arcctg l + a J - n ( 3X \* ( i + * 2)3
1 + 2
3 (1 + x2) 6x2 3 (x 2- l )
^ x 4-\-1 l x 2.~\-1 x 4+ l l x 2+ l -

13. .
.
1. (') = 0 ( ).
2 . (*)' = ~1, a R .
, ( ')= 1 > ( ) .

3. ( = In .
, ( * ) '= .

4- =
, (1)' = 1, (lg x )' = In1 10
v s /
5. (sin x )' = c o s x.
6 . (co sx )' = sin x .

7- ( W - T s b -
8. ( c t g * ) ' = - - 5 3 7 ,

9. (arcsin x ) '

10 . (arccos x)' =
l x*.
11 . (arctg x ) '= - r- p ^ .

313
 vtj. (arcctg )' =
12. j x2 #
13. ( f W + g W ) '= / '( x ) + g f W .
14. (/ (x) g (x))' = f (x) g( x ) + f (x) g' (x).
J15
g _ f ( x ) g ((xx)) f {(x)
x ) gg'' { (X)
x)
1- g4x)
,c df(g(x)) df (y) dg(x)
dx A.. * dx
dy
17. = _
dy df (x)
dx
14. .
y f ( x ) (a; ft),
/ ' ();
/ ' () (
) .
g ( x ) = f (), x ( a ; ft). g ()
0 ( ; ft),
( )
/( ) 0 /" (0)
d2f(x Q)
dx2
,
, . .

f" (), . . (/" ())' = / ' " (),

( )
/ () . . n - (
- ) y f ( x)
( (a; ft))
( 1)-
( (; )).

.
) j () 3 + 2 + 1,
, / ' () = 2 -+- ., f" () = 6 + 6,
/ " '( * ) = 6 , / >vw = / v w = . . . = / (n>w = = 0 .
314
 ) = \ ,
' = ()' (In ) + ( \ ) ' = 1 + - = l n x - f - 1,

-(1 + 1 :), = (1)' + 0 ) ' - + - -

-^-
- 7 - 7
v 2 ( 3) -2 -3
4 4
2-3-4
t/Vi _ 2 ( 3) ( 4) ~-

( I)" 1 - 2 - 3 . . .( 2)
--- - A J

3.

1. .
2.
.
3. .
4. ,
5. .
6.
7. !
8. ,
9. .
10.
.
11.
.
12. (
) ?
13. - ( - )
?

6.16. :
1) = ( + \ ) ] 2) = 22 +3; 3) = 1 ;

4) = -23+*2; 5) (-|-5:? + 3)-4 '2;

315
 6 ) , = ' 1 4 * + 3* + 6; 7) = ( ? + 4)

- ,2+ 5;+
4-
8) = ( 2 + ) + 1)2 ; 9) = (* + * + 7 ) 3 ^+ W i+ W .
.1 7 . ;

1) = (2- 1 ) 1 3; 2) J / = ~ z r j ; 3) / = ^ 7 5
4) = *2 1(2 + 4 + 1 2 ); 5) / = <+1) In (x + 6 )>
6) y = (3x + 4) log5 ( x - f - 1 + x 2).
.1 8 . :

1) = 100; 2) = ; 3) = ^ \
5 / ------ ~ 7 = _ 1 . ? + 3 + 7
-'/ ' + ^ ^ - 5 !>' - '

7) 9 = i ^ 8) * -
~ X3
) = {2 / 7 2 + 3- 7) 5; 11) !/ = (lg V r ^ + ^ l/3 + 12K 1 ) 3;

12) i / = f l n / ' x + | / ^ I + - ^
6 .1 9 . :
. S1I1
sin 5 0 S1I1
sin .
1) lim ------- ; 2) lim ^ ; 3) lim
0v
> -*- 4 _ 0 sin 6
4 s in 2 x ... .. tg 2 . 1 c o sx
4) lim ---- 5 ; 5) lim - ; 6) lim
X->0 X1 x-*0 X x x
6.20. :
1) t/ = sin 2x; 2) = sin ax; 3) y = eos3x;
4) y = cosax; 5) </ = sin 2 x cos 3x; 6) y = x cos 2x\
~ n , 2 c o* s i n 3x 1 sin 2x
7) (/ = 2 r + 3 sin2 5x; 8) /= ^ ; 9) y ------ ^------.
6.21. :
1) = co sx ; 2) sin x ; 3) = sin cos ;
4) = sin 2 cos ; 5) / = s in a x c o s ; 6) (/ = sin ?x j
7) = cos3 x; 8) = cos2 ; 9) y = sinn ax; 10) cos'1 .
6.22. :
1) tg 2 x ctg2x; 2) ctg ; 3) (/ = tg 3x -f-tg ;
4) = ctg 2 tg 2 2x; 5) = (sin x-j-cos )2;
6) sin2 cos2 ; 7) i/ = tg 2 ax; 8) i/ = sin (2 x 2 x);
9) y i= c o s 2 ( + ); 10) y = sin x + c o s 2x + tg .
6.23. cos 2x = cos2 x sin? x
sin 2x = 2 sin x cos x.
6.24. :
,, 1 , > sin
= 3 cos -- ; 2) y = j sin 3 x ; 3) = ;
4) / = x 2 c o s (x 1); 5) = sin (3 + 2) + cos (3 + 2);
tx .
6) j/ = 2 s i n :14; 7) = - ; 8) 2 tg 3 tg 2;
9) = 2 tg 3 4; 10) j/ = 4 c tg 3 2x.
316
 6.25. :
1) = arcsin 7*; 2) = arcsin ; 3) = arcsin .
6.26. = arcsin 2. .
6.27. = arcsin ~ 1/. ,
6.28. arcsin
1+ *
6.29. , (arcsin *)' + (arccos ) ' 0.
6.30. = 2 arcsin . '.
6.31. :
1) = arccos 4:; 2). = arccos ; 3) /= m arccos .
6.32. = :?. .
6.33. , (arccos ~ 1) ' = --------1
\ | Y 2 - I
6.34. = 2. arccos ,
6.35. = arcsin - \ - arccos . 1.
g .2 .
6.36. , = arccos ^ ------ - .
9+? * ( 4 - 9) | ;
6.37. :
1) a rc tg 3*; 2) /= a rc tg ; 3) = m a rc tg ,
6.38. , (arotg )' + (arcctg )' = 0.

6.39. i/ = a r o t g y . \

6.40. 2. a ro tg :2*
6.41. arct g 42 1. 1.

6.42. .
2 2
6.43. :
1) i/ = aroctg 2; 2) # = arcctg ; 3) = arcctg .
6.44. arcctg - 1 . 1.
6.45. (aroctg 2:)?.
6.46. 2. aroctg . /'.
2
6.47. / (:) = aro ctg --------- .
1 + 2.
6.48.
y = arcsin 2 :+ a rc tg : + 2* + arcctg :.
'.
6.49. :
1 4 3 I 04 7'6+ 22+ V 5
1) = 6;4 8:3 1; 2) = ------ -----------;
1
3) f ) = (3 2 10) ( + 3 * 8);
4) f ( ) = (:10 + :11 + 2 ) in ;
5) f ( t ) = (t + Vr t ) e t - 1; 6) f () = { \ ( + 2) ^ .
6.50. :
I) sin ; 2) / = ( + 3)4; 3 ) ( / = c o s x ;
4) = -\-2; 5) = 1 + -\- ; 6) y eix -\-sin .
317
 6.51. =
^ 1)50, 30- ?
6.52. , = 2.- j-e* -
IV = V

33.
1 . .
f 0

/'(*)=* lim (1)

0
, (1)

= (*,) + (),

(:)<-0 >-0. ,
/ (*) = () + () . (2 )
(2) , f
,
0 .
/ ' (0) 0. : f (0)
(2) , / ' (0)
', . . .
lim / '( 0)- = 0,
-* 0
-0.
(2) :>-0,
, ?,
I (*)
*-0,
()
lim --.~- 0 .
bx-+of (**>
/ ' () ,
f () 0 ,
0.
. f () 0
/.' (0), f (0)
f 0 df (0).
,
df (0) = / ' (0) .
, dx = x' ' = ,,'
.
318
,

d f (0) = / ' (0) dx.

f ( x)
(; ),
df () = f () dx. (3)
,
. df ()
dx

. .
.

(3)
, . , ,
dc ( cYdx = 0 ' d x = 0,
,
d x 2 = (2)' dx = 2 dx,
d (3 + 4 - 7) = (3 + 4 -f 7)' dx (92 + 4) dx,
d (sin x + x3) (sin x + x s)' dx (cos x + 2) dx,
d (ex + cos 3x) = (ex + cos 3x)' dx = (ex 3 sin 3.x) dx,
d In x = (In x)' dx 1^ .

- 2 . .
</ = /( ), ( ; ),
. 98.
M K L
\KL\ = \ M L \ tg a .
319
 | M L | = Ax t g a = /'(* ), \ K L \ - f ' () .
,
dy*=*\KL\.

:
/ 0,
f 0
,^
0,
(0 + ).
. (. . 98),
, ,
:
, | KL | | NL

, . .
dy.
, ,

. dy
M N .
,

.
,
. ,
d (kx -f b) = (kx + by dx = k dx,
A (kx + b) = [k(x-\- Ax) + b] (kx + b) k Ax kdx,
. e.
d (kx + b) = A (kx + b).
3.
.
0 ,
/ (*) <# (0) = () ,
lim ( ) = 0 .
\-+
, df (0) Af (0)
0,
<-0. ,
/ ' (0) 0,
>0 .
320
 ,
A f () df (0) () *
lim == lim .
-* df (*0)
-*- (0)
,
0 f, / '( )=/> 0 ,
:
A f () df (), . . A f ( 0) / ' (0) . (1)
(1)
.
1. f ( ) = , (0; + ).

. / < *> -
jo, ( 1), 0

/ (0) = 0+ 0 .
,

V + 7 0 + . (2)

(2), 3,998:

/ 3 ^ 9 8 ^ V 4 0,002 V I + ~ -0-20^ ^ 4~=

= 2 0,0005 = 1,9995.
243,45
(2 ):

5 = 243 + 0,45 243 + ,455~. =

1 45' 3 3 ,0 0 1 .
1 5 -3 5

2. /( ) = sin x , x R . ,
f () = . , (1),
R
Af (0) = sin (0 + ) sin 0 ~ cos 0 .
,

sin (0 + ) sin x 0 + cosx . (3)

, . I
 , 0 (3)
sin #

.
(3) == j ,

sin Ax) ~ (1 + )

.
3. / (:) = In :, ( 0 ; + ), / ' () =
= . 0 > 0 (1)


/ (0) = In (0 -f ) In 0 ^
0
. .
In ( + ) In + 4 ^ (4)
Xq
, 0= 1 (4)
In (1 + )
.

1. ?
2.
?

6.53. ,
:
1) * 1 2 ) tg ; 3) arcsin \ 4) a ro tg & ,
6.54. :
1) V 9 f i 2 \ 2) 3; 3) 2 4 ; 4) j/ ; 5) ! ; ) 90.
6.55. :
1) ^ 6 5 ; 2) 1 3) 125,1324; 4) sin 29} ) In 1,05;
6) cos 91; 7) tg 44j 8) ln (e + 0 ,l); 9) I n 0,97.

322
 7

34.
1. .

, ,
,
.

. , ,
= * (. 99).
,
.

. 99 . 100

L 0
.
L ,

L , (. 100). 0,
,
L.
' L,
, 0
* 323
 40,
0 , , ' , " . .
1 0
0
L 0,

L 0.
, -
-*
.

= \ \
(. . 40).
(0 ; 0 ) .
, -
. 101 0
L
0, L 0.
, 0 L
0, M 0N, M 0N j_ 0 (. 101),
L .

2. . L
y f(x), ( \ )
(. 102). L 0(0-, 0)
(\ ) . ,
k tg p ,
to p
324
 +0, . .
0 , ,
0, L.
0, , ,
0, . . .
f () ,0,

lim tg p = lim f () ! - ) = (*.)

X-+-X, X^y'XQ

, , 0 ,

0. , ,
L 0.
, y = f ( x )
,
(x0; f(x)), f ' (0).

: f (X)
0
(0\ f (0)).
3. .
,

k, (\ 0),
{ ). ( 1)
, (1) y0 = f ( x ) k = f ' ( x 0),
L
(0\ f (x)):
y f ( x 0) - f ( x 0) ( x x 0). (2 )
, ,
k
k lt k k 1 = \.. ,
L 40 ( 0; f (0))
y f ( x 0) = j r j ^ ( x xa). (3)

!. (3)
L y f ( x) (0\ f (0)),
f (). / '( 0) = 0 ,
L '
, (
(2)) y = f ( x 0).
,
325
 , *
= . / '( 0) = , L

= 0,

= / (*<>)
2.


/ ()
= /().
1.

1 2 x 4 -5
! = 0,5
2 = 1 (. 103).
/( ) = 2 2 + 5
: /(0 ,5 ) = 4,25, / (1) = 4. , / '( ) =
= 2 2 = 2 ( 1), /'( 0 ,5 ) = 1, /'( 1 ) = 0.

(2 ) (3),
.
X j = 0,5
4,25 = 1 -( 0,5),
4,25 = TTj ( 0,5). V
326
, /= + 4 ,7 5 ,
+ 3,75 (0,5; 4,25).
2 = 1 : 4 = 0 ( 1).
, 4
(1; 4), , = 1
.
2.
/ = 3 jcxv= 1 , 2 = 0 ,
, 1 (. 104).
/( ) = 3 , 1,
2 = 0 , = 1: f ( 1) = 1, /( 0 ) = 0 f (1) == 1.
/ ' () = (;3)' = 2, / ' ( 1) = 3, / '< 0) = 0 / ' (1) = 3.

(2 ) (3),
.

:
) = 1:
1 4
= + 2 = -;
) 2 = 0 :
= 0 = 0;
) 3 = 1:
2 = + - |- .

3.
/ = / 2 = 1 ,
2 = 0 3 = 1 (. 105).
327
 / ' () =

: / ' ( 1) = 2/3, / '( 0 ) =

f (1) = 2/3..
(2 ) (3),
:
) = 1

) 3 1
2 , 1 3 , 5
= J x + ~3 = ~2 + -

/ ' (0) = , , 1 ,
jc = 0 ( ) , 0 (
) (, 0 ).

1. ?
2. ?
; 3, ,
.
4. .
5. .

7.1.
= 22-\-\ 1, 2 = 0 1.
7.2. =
X^
= - 2* + -|-1 Xi , 2 \ 3= 3.
7.3. 3
\ V 3/3, *2 = 0 3= 3/3:
7.4. = 2
== 0 2 = 1 /2 .
7.5. \
/4?
7.6. = (0; 1)
Oxf
7.7.
2 (1; 1), ( 1; 1); (2; 4) ( 2; 4).
4 __^
7.8. = ---- -
(0; 0), (2; J) (4; 0). .
328
 35.

. 1 29

,
.
, .
1. .
1 0
,
Q. , Q ,
: Q Q(x).
0 .
, ,
Q ( t ) Q ( t 0).
Q (t)-Q (tq )

,
1
0 .
[0; ]
.

,
0
( 0).
0 ( 0)

|
-+ -
, ()
Q (t), ,
, . .
c(T)>=i m = Q '(x).

2. .
.
,
t, y( t ) . ,
, . . t.
j /0; t\ , ( t ) y ( t 0)
,
329
 /0 ?,

t to
[70; t].
t0
t t.
,
t
y( t ) , -
mJ x ) , t ,
[ . . ' (t \
_ r __ j . - S.
J ~ I ' I ...... .
I (. 106).
106
,

,
.
, 0 ^ . ^ 1 ,
, , . .
: = ( ), x g [ 0 ; /].
,
.

,
..
,
, , .
,
.
( ) ( 0)
, 0
, 0 < : 0 < : < / . -
() <0)
X X
----
q

.


.

. (?) 0
:

P W - , , = lim
-*- -+ 9

 ,
().
4. (
).
s s (), / [ 0 ; ], .
v( t )
ds (t)
*' ( / ) :
it

v( t )
.

' ( 0 = (s' (t)Y = s" (/) = - ^ - .

, , s" (t)
t.
, a( t )
t v ( t ) ,
:
dv (/) _ d2s(t)
dt dt ?

. '

= + 3/ + 2 ,
t -. .

a == 12/ .

1. ?
?
2.
? ?
3. ?
?
4. ,
.

831


7.9. s (t) 3 + 2t -f- ().

^ = 1
tg = 3 .
7.10. , ,
(0 = 4^ + 5/? (/).
5 ?
7.11. , s ( / ) = < k < +
4 - be~l (), .
7.12. s = Y ~ t .
, .
7.13. , / = 0,5 ,
s(/) = 2/? + / 3 ().
7 .
7.14. F,
, s(f) i 2. 4/4 (), / = 3 .
7.15. s (0 = 3/? + 7/ + 9 ().
, , , .
7.16. , ,-
t = a-{-bt cl2, , b
.
, .
7.17. , ,
<= 0, <7= 2/? + 3 / + 1.
.
7.18. Q (),
0 t , Q = /+ 0 ,0 0 0 0 2 /2 +
+ 0,0000003/3. 1) t = 30 ; 2) i
= 100 .
7.19. ,
, t
(1 -\ -e~nt). .

36.

1.
.
.
1. f (x),
(\ ), (; ), / ' () ^
(; ).
(; ^
, > '0, f () ^ f (0), < 0, / ()
<~ f ( x 0). , 0 (; ),
0,

f ( x ) f( x o ) . Q
X0 '''
332
 f ( x) (; ),' ,
>-0,

/ '( * ) = lim
X-+0

.
2. / (),
(; ), (; ), / ' () 0
(; ).
/ () ,
F{x) f ( x ) , , 1 ,
' () / ' ( ) ^ * ( ; b).
, / '( * ) < ; 0 { \ ). .
,
,
.
, f ()
() (; )
, (
) [\ 6 ]).
2. .

,
.
. f (), g [; ],
[; 6 ]
(; ), (; ) ,

f(b )-f(a ) = f'(c)(b-a). ( 1)
(1)
.
,
(. 107).
/ () (; / ())
B(b; f(b)). ,
, , ..
^ ~ * ( 1) :
= (2)

,
, (2 ), , ( 1)
333
 : (; )
,
f () , ,

, . .
,
.
3.
.
.
1. f
(; ),
/ (\ b).
2
(; b), < 2.
, ( \ .) ,
f ( X 2) f ( x 1) = f ' ( c ) (Xt Xi).
/ ' () > 0 2 1^ 0 ,
, f ( x 2) ^ / ( ^ ) .
, ,
, f (; ).

.
2. f
(; ),
f (; ).
1.

/ ( 0 = ' ' :3 2: + 1.

, / ' () = 2 (;1 1).
334
/ ' ( j c ) > G Jjc J > 1 , ; 1 ,
( ; 1) ( 1; -fo e).
/ ' () < 0 | | < 1 , , 2,
( 1 ; 1).
2.

f (*)= + + 5.

,
= 0 , . . ( ; 0 )
(0; + ). :

,
,
. , f () < 0 :
( 1 ; 0 ) (0 ; 1); , 2 ,
( 1 ; 0 ) (0 ; 1) .
/ ' ( * ) > 0 ( ; 1)
( 1; + ), , 1 , / ()
. , / ()
( ; 1) ( 1; 4 -)
( 1; 0 ) ( 0 ; 1) .
,
,
.

,
. ,
. ,
f ( x ) = x 3
, 0 0 .
4. .

.
1) / ' ( ) / (),
, / ' ()
.
f ().
2)
/ () ,
f [X) .
.
335
 3) f ()
. f ' { x ) ^ ,
f () , f ( ) ^ . ,
. f () .
.
/ () = + .

1)
(0; ).
: f () = 1 + In + 3 = 4 + \ .
f' () = 4 + = 0 , = - 4-
.
2) ~4 , ,
, (0 ; ~*) (~ + )
. I
3) f () ,
! + 4 < 0 1 : + 4 > 0 .
f () < 0 ( 0 ; ~4),
( 0 ; ~4) .
/ '( * ) > 0 > - 4, (~4;
-f-) .

1.
.
2.
.
3.
?
4. .
5.
.
6.
.
7. ?
8. .

7.20. :
1) f( x) = 5 x - 2 ; 2) f( x) = 4 - 9 x ; 3 )/(x )= --L ;

4) 5 ) /(* )= * ? + * i; 6) /(*) = ( * + 1)3;

336
 7) f{x) = 7 x * + l 4 x + l ; f (x) = * ? -f- 4; 9) /'(*) = * (x? - 3 ) ;

10) / (*) = ** (1 -*); 11) f (x) = - ; 12) f

37.

1 . .
1.
/ (),
0,
/(* ) > /().
2. 0
f (),
, 0
f () < / (*<>)

,


.
f ( x) ,
[; ] (. 108). ;3 ,
a 2, :4 1 .
,
X Xi.

,
-
. ,
, . I 337

( )
, .

, . . ,
.
. b (. . 108)
f,
b 6 -,
.
2. .

.
.
y f ( x)
f ' (0), : /'(* ) = 0 .
, 0
. ,
- 0 , 0
- \ () < f ( x 0).
/ () 0
. , ,

/ '( * , ) = > 0,

: < 0 f () / ( * ) < 0
( 0 ; 0), ,

/ '( * ) = -' ^ ,
-* +0
0 > 0 / () / (0) < 0 ^ ( 0;
:0 + ). , / ' (0) = 0 .

. ES
.
.
,
. ,
. ,
f(x) x 3 0 , ,
0
.
,
,
338
 . ,
.
1. / () = | |(. . 40). . 4
29 , = 0
. ,
= 0 . f () > 0
, /(0 ) = 0, , , f () > f (0)
.
, 1 ,
0
f{x)
^-
2. f ()
2> | : | (. 109).
= 0
, . . 0

. < 0
/ () < f (0 ), : > 0
f () > / (0 ), 0

.
3. . 109
.
: ,
()
0,
- (0 ; 0 + ) 0, 0,
. . { 0 ; 0), ( ) > 0 ,
, . . ( 0; 0 + 8), () < 0.


0.
1. f ()
0 8- , ,
, .
) f () 0
, 0
f ();
) f () 0
, 0
f ();
) ( ; 0 + )
0, / ' () ,
0 f () .
339
 ] / ' () 0
. ,
> 0 , . / ' () > 0
(0 ; ) / ' () < 0
(0; * 0 - f 6 ). / ' ( * ) > 0 x ( t ( x 0 ; 0),
1 . 3 36 , (:0- ; 0)
f () . , / () < / (0)
(0 ; 0). f ' ( x ) < 0
( 0; 04 -), 2 . 3 36 ,
(*0; 0 + ) f ( ) .
f ( x ) < f ( x a) : (, 0 + ).
, / () < / (jc0) 0 (0-;
0 + ), . . 2 . 1 0
f(x).
) ) .


.
2. / (),
0,
f ' ( x 0) 0 , a }" (0) 0 , 0
/ () , ,
< 0 . , /" (0) > 0 .

1.
4. .
1. / ()
(; ),
(; ), , ,
,
. :
1) f (x), . . ,
/'(:) = 0 / ' () ;
2 ) / ' ( )
- . ,
f ( ) ,
/ () . ,
,
; ,
. / ' ()
, f ()
.
1.

f ( x) = x V 3 ( x 3), x ( t R .
340
 1) :
5: G ,
():
:

: f ( x ) = , = 6/5; f ()
= 0 .
, : , = 0 2 = 6/5.
2) / ' ()
.
: / ' () > 0 < 0 / ' () < 0
( 0 ; 1). , 1 (. . 3),
= 0 ,
f ( 0 ) = 0 .
, f () < 0 ( 0; -g- J f () > 0
6
> - - , 1 (. . 3) = -jr-
,
2,03.
2. /( ), $ ( ; ^ .
(; ),
, , . ,
, :
1) /( );
2 )
: ,
,
,
; ,

.
2.

/(*) = - 2 + 5.

1) :
f ' () = 3 4 = ( 2 4)
: Xj = 2 , .2 = 0 , , = 2 .
2) : /" () = 3 4
:
/'' ( 2) = 8 > 0, /*(0 )------- 4 < 0, /" (2) = 8 > 0.
341
 , :
) 2 , / ( 2 ) = 1;
) 0 , /(0 ) = 5;
) ==2 , / ( 2 ) = 1 .

1. ?
2. ?
3. ?
4. ?
5. ?
6. ?
7. (
).
8. ?
9.
.
10.
.
11.
.
12.
.

7.21. :

38.
1 . . . 110
,
[; ],
; )
; )
; ) (; )
342
 ,
(; ) .
,
.

,
.
1.
f ( x) , (; ),
() ), f ()
(; ). f () (as b),
.

,
,
(. 111 , ),
.
(. 111 , ),
(, ,
).
2 . ,
,
.
343
 2. .
. /( ), ( ; ),
. , /" () < 0
(\ ), (; b) f ()
, /" () > 0 (; ),
f () (; ).
/ " ( ) < 0 ( , ), ,
2 . 3 36, / ' ()
(; ). ,
,
f () (; )
. /" () >
x g ( a ; b), ,
1 . 3 36,
/ ' ()
(, ). ,
,
. 2 / ()
(\ ) .
,
( )
,
. , , f () * + \
,
f " ( x ) = 12
= 0 (. 112 ).

. ,
y f {x), x g ( a ; ),
(; ) , ,
, f" ()
(; ).

:
1) , f"(x) 0 , f" ()
(
);
2 ) ,
(; b) ,
, /"().
/" () > ,
,
/*(*)< , .
1.
/( ) = 3.
344

f () = 2 /" () 6. ,
.
( ; 0 )
(0 ; + ).
/" () > 0 > 0 /" () < 0
: < 0 ,
(0 ; + )
( ; 0 )(. 113).
2. -

/ () ~.


f'(x) = ~ (1 )
} () = ~ ( 2).
(
); 2.

. 114

2
( ; 2) (2; + ).
/" () < 0 < 2 ,
( ; 2)
, / " ( * ) > 0 > 2 ,
(2; + ) (. 114).
3. . 1
, 0 f () 3

.
= 2 f () = ~ .
.
,

,
.
345
 I

,
, ,
, , , . .
(. 115).
1 ( ) .
f () (; )
. ,
0( \ )
, f " ( x 0) = 0 .

. , f" (:0) < 0 ( /" () > 0).

6 -
0 , f"'(x) < ;0
( f () > 0 )

. . 2
-
*^-
(0 ; 0 + ) -
('
). , 0
. , f () = 0. U
2 ( ) .
f () (; b)
. , f" ()
0 (, ),
.
f" () 0
. . 2 0
, , , ' 0
= f () ,
, .
, , ,
(*! f ()) f (x).
, , f" () -
0 ,
(0; f ( x 0)) f ().

.
f (), :((; ), .
(; ) , , ,
, f" ()
(; ).
:
346
 1)
;
2 )
.
/* (*)
*0, .(*; f (*))
.
. ,
/(%) = ** 2 * + 1.

/ ' () = 4 6*2,
*) = 12* (* !)
(
) /"(*) = 0 , . . 12* (* 1)== 0 .
, *! = 0 *2 = 1 .
/"(*)
*! = 0 * 2 = 1 .
* < 0 , / " ( * ) > 0; * g ( 0 ; 1), / " ( * ) < 0 .
, (*; /(* i)) = ( 0 ; 1) .
* ( 1 ; 1), / " ( * ) < 0, * 6 ( 1 ; 1 + 6 ),
/ " ( * ) > 0. , (*2; / ( * 2)) = (1; 0)
.
4. . ,
/(* ) = 2 + i>* + , * / ? ^ 0 ,
, *2 + * + , =/= 0 ,
.
, . .
* R . / ' (*) =*
= 2 + b * g R
* = ^
/ (*) *0:

/ (*) = / ( 2^ ) = 4^ .

D b2 4 .
, D

%+ + : ,
347
 ) D > ,
:
-V D v _ b+V D .
X i----- 2
,
2
) D ,
:
_ .
' 2

) D < 0,
, . . ,
.

. 116

, .
) > 0, / ' () < 0 : < 0 / ' () > 0
> 0. , f ()
( ; 0) (0; + ).
/'(* ) = 0 f ()
0 ,
/ () 0 , . .
fm in = /(* o )= 2 /o -
348
 ) < 0, / ' () > < 0 / ' () < 0
> 0' / ()
( ; 0) (0; + ).
f'(x) = 0 f () :
0 ,
f () ,, . .

/ max f (*) = *

,
f" () = 2 0 /?.
, > 0 ,
, < 0 . =- - 5

D
- . \
1
i i i i

1 -

.
6

. 116.
\
-5
/
1.
f ( x) x 2 4 5.
9 V/

. 117
.
1 >
D = b2 4 = ( 4 )2 4 -1 -( 5) = 3 6 > 0,
1. -
, :
4
.0 - 2
~2 -
=
2-1

f () = / (2) = 2 2 4 - 2 5 = 9.

, 0 = 2
. , . . / min = / (2) == 9. 2 4
5 = 0 ,
: , = 1 2 = 5.
0: /(0 ) = 5.
,
(0; 5). . 117.
2. , /(*) =
+ 2 ; 3.

349
 = < 0 D = 4 2* 4 ^ X
X ( 3) = 4 4 = 0 , 2.
* 0, / ( 0 ) = 3, . .
(0; 3).
;
= - = 3, y 9*=f ( 3 ) ~ 0 .

. 118. .

. 118 , 119

3. / ( ) =
= 2 + 2 1 .
= 3 < 0
D = 2 4 = 2 2 4 ( 3) ( 1) = 8 < 0,
3. = 0,
/(0 ) = 1, . . (0; 1).
:
2 1
^ 2 (3) ~ 3

. 119.

1. ?
2. ?
3.
?
350
 4. .
.
5.
.
6. ?
7.
.
8.
.
9.
,

7>22. ,
:
1) / () = 3 6;2_{- 1 2 - 4 ; 2 ) / () = ( * + 1)4;
3) f{x) = x* 6? + 4; 4) f () = 4+ 8 ? + 16.
7.23. :
1) / () = ? - 2 3; 2) f () = 4? 6 7;

3 ) / ( ) = 3 + 4 - 2; 4) / ( * ) = - + - 1 }

5) /(* ) = 4? + 2 1; 6) / () = g- + 2 5)

7 ) /( ) = ? + 2) 8) /( ) = ? - 2 + 3 .

39.
1. . y = k x + b
f () *- + ,
lim (/ () k x b)=a 0 .
~ > +

, y* = kx + b
/ () * + ,
() = / ( ) k x b
+ .
,
^ / () + ()
X X

*= lim X - ,
-++)

lim =0.
->+ 00
351
 , b =*f ( x ) k x a( x )
b= lim {f () kx).
X-*-+ *

f () < .
1. / () =
3** + 1

ft- lim lim * 1*+ 1 - 3 ,
*-> + -* 4-

6 == lim ( / ( x ) k x ) lim ( ? * '+ = lim = 0 ,

# *- + CO AT+ CO \ J -*- + 00

/ () <-+ . ,

. 120 ' . 121

/ = - .
. 120 .
2. / (x)=*
2* +
~ +1 *

352

lira & lira - f + * 2 ,
*-*co * -*< * ( * + 1)
lira ( /( x ) /)=> lira 2x

l i m -----74+ T 1 = 1
:->
2 1
*-+ .
. 121 .
. 3.

/ == j ( * + + 1 + j / x 2 + 1),

.
:

k = lim 4 ^ = 4 lim ~%+ ,+ 1 + ^ 2- ^ + 1 = j ?

. * - > - + go * * - > + oo

b = lim (/ (x) kx) =>

*-*+
4- lira (K x 2 + x + + K x 2 x + 1 2x) = Q.
* - + CO

, y = x
> + .
* :

4 = ! = 1 lim 0 + + * 1 = _ 1,
-> ^ - * - go X

= lim (/ () kx) ==5

* - > - -

= lim ( 2 + + 1 + * 2 - [ - 1 + 2 ) = 0.
- * ~

, =
> .
. 122 .

/( ),

lim / () = lira / () .
- - 0 x-fa +
12 , . 1
 ,
/ () ,
,
f (x).
4. / () = ^ 1 4 .
= 2 2.

lim / ( * ) = lim - 2 3 4 = 00 ,
-* 2 ;->-2
2 2
.

/ () = ^ . 123.

5. /( ) = 4 ?*
X . (X 1 ).

.
= 0 1,
.

- .

, : = 0 := 1
.
, = 0
>..
. 124.
2. .

!
354
 1) ,
.
2) .
3) .
4)

.
5)

.
6 )
.
7)
.
8 )
.
9)

. 124
.
10) .
,
.
. 1) 6 ).

1. f () =
1
1)
, = + 1 , = 1.
2 ) / () , / ( ) = f (x).
y = f {x)
^ .
3) .
4)
(0 ; 0 ).
, = 1, 2 = 0 3 = 1
:
( ; 1), ( 1; 0 ), (0 ; 1) ( 1; + ).
5) (0; 1)
(1 ; + ) :
/ ( ) < 0 ((0; 1),
/ ( ) > 0 * 6 ( 1; + ).

/ ( ) < 0 ^ ( 1),
f ( x ) > 0 6 ( 1 ; 0 ).
12* 355
 6 )
lira /() = lira f ( x ) + o ,
*---1-10 ->--10
= 1 1
.
lira lira f _ .. = 1,
*->-00 * - +<*> ( -

lim . (/() k x ) lim * ) = 0,

.
7) :

I {,~ (*! 1)2 '

,
- = 1 , 0 = .

= 1/ 3, 2 = 1 , 3 = 0 , 4 = 1 , 8 = ]/" 3.
/ ' ()
. / ()
/ ' () ( 1; 0 ), ( 0 ; 1), ( 1; V 3)
( / 3; + ) .

\ < x < Y 3 = 3 3<*<+

= 0
V
V

X 1 < :< 0
*

() 0 0 +

/(*) [
3 /3
2

= 1 1
,
.
,
= V 3 .
8) ,
:

356
 (
): 0 = 0 f" ()
= 1. = 1
,
: = 0 .

X *<1 1<*<0 *= 0 0<< 1 > 1

(*) + 0 +

'/(*)
^

. 125

9)
(. 125).
357
 5 (*2)
2. f (x ) !.
1) ,
; = 0 .
2) , .
3) .
4) . 5 ^ ~ ^ =0>
= 2. ,
2. , = 0
,
.
5) = 0 = 2
( ; 0 ), (0 ; 2 ) (2 ; + ),
(.
):

X <*<0 0<<2 2 < < +

1 (X) +

6 ) .

/ ( * ) = lim 5~ f ~ = 0 ,
-> + -*- '

lim ^ ^ = 0,
-> -+

= 0 , . . ,
.

lim / () = lim X - ,
->-0 -*0
= 0, . . ,
.
7) :

= ^ ;

" . f ()
( ) = 0 2 = 4.
358
 ( ; 0),
(0; 4) (4; + ).

X < :< 0 0<<4 =4 4<-*<-j-oo

(X) + ' 0

f . 0,6

0 ,

. 126

8)
,
:

/ () (
): /"(*) = 0 6 f"(x)
: = 0 . = 0
,
= 6 .
359


X < < 0 0<<6 = 6 6 < < 4

() 0 +

/ ()

9) ,
(. 126).

7.24. :
1;
1) = 2 2) -- 1 3) =
24 6: - 5 1
4) = 5) "
= (l+'x)* 6) = --'
7.25. :
1) /( ) = 3- 3 2- 4 3 ; 2) / ( ) = 4 10*?4-9;
3) / () 4 4 2x3 4 3; 4)
'(2x41) ( 2 - ) '
1 (+\)(2-) .
5) f 6) f ()
( + 1) (2) 2x43
( 1) (2)
7) f () ~ 8) f(x)
X 2 5 4 6
1
29
9) f () ; ) / () = : 2 ~ 11) / () = In .
2 4

40.

,

,
. ,
[; ] f () ,
, ,
/ () , / ()
, a f (b) f ();
/ () , / ()
, / () f ().
, / ( ) ~ 2, [0 ; 1],
360
[0 ; 1]. , / ( 0 ) = 0
, / (1) = 1 (. 127).
/ (;) '
[; ], , f ( x) - [; ]

[; >],
, ,
,

.
-

,
(; ), '
[\ ].
1.
f ( x ) x 2/3( x 2 ) ! ) 8 ; II
) [ 1; 1].
f ()

, =

, = 0 .
= 0
= 0 ,8.
) [ 8 ; 1] ,
f'(x) > 0 [ 8 ; 1].
, [ 8 ; 1]
8 ,
= 1:
/ = / ( - 8 ) = - 4 0 , / = / ( - 1 ) = - 3 .
)
[ 1 ; 1]. ,
[ 1; 1]

/ ( 1) 3, / (0) = 0, / ( 0 , 8 ) 1,03 / ( 1) = - 1 ,
/ 6 = 0 , / = .
2.
f () = 2* 92+ 1 2 3 [ 0 ; 3 ).
f'(x) = 6x2 1 8 * + 12 = 6 (jc \ ) (
2 ) == 0 , : = 1 = 2 .
261

f ( 0 )--- 3, /(1) = 2, / (2) = 1, /(3) = 6
,
[0; 3].
/ = 3 / = 6 .

,

.
3.

2
?

2
.
-

,
.


, ,
S ( ).

S = x ( p x), x g [ 0 ; \.
S ' = p 2x, = /2
. [0; /2] S ,
[/2; ] . , /2 S
.
: 2
/2.
4.

.

(. 128). ,
0 ^ ^

V () = ( 2) , ^ . ^ . / 2 .
,
V( ) [0 ; /2].
 V'(x) a 2 8ax-j-12x2, ,
122 8 + 2 = 0,
V (): ! 6 = /2.
V = 0 ,
2 = /6 3 /2.

(0) = 0 , V ( | ) = ^ H ()- ,

F ()
[0; /2] !6 . , / 6
.
: = ^ .

7.26.
:
1) f ( x ) x 3 3* [0,5; 0,5] [ 1,5; 2];
2) f () = * 82. 9 [ 1; 1], [0; 3] [3; 5];
3) f i x ) ** + 2 *?+ 3 [0,5; 0,7], [2; 0], [2; 2]
[0; 4J; _
4) f ( x ) = y 2 (2 ) [6; 1] [2; 1]*
7.27. ,
108 3. .
,

?
7.28.

, .
,
.
7.29.

s (t) = bt + 2ti -5- t 3, s
, t .
t


?
7.30. 32
20,

,,
.
.
7.31. ( )
, (. 129).
1) 2, ,
.
.363
 2) S, ,
.
7.32. R.
,
, (

)?
7.33. , ,
,
.
7.34. , 2
.
7.35. ,
.
7.36. , , -
E 2R
, 5- 7 , -
V "" )
, , R
. ,
W ?
7.37. D
. ,
CK- \ - KD .
7.38. (
) S (2).
(), d ().
,
?
7.39. ,

. 2,5 ,
0,16 .
?
7.40. ,
, ,
4 x'i.

364
 8

41.

1. .

.

:
, .
, v = v( t ) , t [a; b\,
, -
s, , , ,
ds
-
ds
= v ( t ) s.

. ,
,
.
1. F ()
/ () ,
:

' (*) = /(*)

, / (*)== 3x2, .x ( t R ,

F(x) = x's, F () 2 = j () 6 R-
, Ft () = 3 + 1, F2(x) = x 3 5, ,
, 3 () 3 + , ,
f ( x) 3x*, x R ,
,
:2.
, f ( x ) = 3x2, x ( t R ,
-,.
365
,
, .
. ()
f () ,
f
F(x) + C, C R .
F(x) + C,
, f(x).
,
(F(x) + C)' = F' ( x) = f(x).
, /
F(x) + C, .
() f (), . . (x) f (x).
() = (jc) F ()
, .
Xi 2
, , < 2.
6 (; 2) ,
(JCi) = ' () (* *).
' () = ' () ' () = f () f () = 0
, , '() = 0, (^2) = ( 1). ,
(2) = (xj.) x L 2. , () = ,
, . .
() = () + .
,
- f () -
F ()
y = F(x) .
. /( ) = , : ^ (0; + ),
(),
(2 ; 2 ).
:<5(0; + )
(In )' = , 1
f(x) = Z .
F () F () = \ + ,
. F (2) = 2,
. . 12 + = 2, = 2 In 2. ,
^
F () = In -j- 2 lu 2 In + 2 . A

36G
 2.
/()
/ ()

S / () dx. ( 1)
: /() dx.
, ,

$ /( ) = {() + }, (2)

F'(x) - / (),
. (2 )
,

J / () dx = F () -f .

J , / ()
, f ( x ) d x
, .

.
, .

. ,
^ (2 + 3) dx = 2 + + ,

(* + + )' = 2 + 3.
2. .
1. /() ,
($/()*)' = /(), d(\f(x)dx)=f(x)dx. ( 1)
F(x) / (),
, ,
^ / (*) dx = F () + ,
' () = / () dF () = / () dx. ,

\ j () d x ) ' = (Z7 () + )' == ' () = / (),

/ () ) d ( F (x)-\-C ) = dF ( x ) = [ ( x ) d x .
367
 2. f ( x) ,

l f ' { x ) d x = f ( x ) + C, 5 df () = f () + . (2)

df () = f () dx f
/ ',
[ d f ( x ) = \ 'f'(K)dx = f ( x ) + C.

3. / () ,
0
^ af ( ) dx a ^ f () dx. (3)

,
.
4. f ( x) g ( x ) ,

$ (/ () 4 g ()) dx = 5 f () dx 4- \ g () dx. (4)

,
.
3 4
.
(4)
( > 2 ) .
. J (2 sin 4 ~) dx.
4 3

J (2 s i n x 4 ~) d x = J 2 sin xdx'-\- J 3e~x dx =

= 2 J s i n x d x 4 3 J e~x dx = 2 c o s x 3e~x 4 C.

:
(c o s )' = s i nx (~)' ~ .
3. .
,
, . .
F () = f (),
:
^ / () dx = F () 4 .
5
 ,
.

1 . ^ 0 dx C, .

2. ^ x a dx = f ^ + C , 1.

3' 1 ~~ ~ In | | + .

4. J ax d x ] + > > 0, 1.

, ^ dx = -f .
5. ^ cQ sxdx = s i nx + .

6 . ^ sin dx = cos + .

7. J L -
J cos2 :
= tg + .
&

8- = - ^ + -

9 - - ^ = ^ + ^-
10. J "-
> S r a = i l n l S k c> ^ -
11 . , ^ = arcsin -f , .
J / 2 2

12 . I dx
= In ( + V 2 + 2) + , 0.
J ]/ * +
13. ( - , dx = In \ + 2 21- , 0.
J / 2 2 1
1 13
, -
.
.
, , 3.
.
1) > 0 ; | j = 3

J i- V + C . '

(1* + )' = 1 + 0 = 4 .

, . I 369
 2) < 0; | | =
3

^ - = 1( ) + -
,

(In () + )' + 0 = .

,
, .

1. f (),
* 6 (; )1
2. / (:)?
3. : )
; )

?
4. (3) = 0?
5. 10 12
.

42.
1. .

,

.

.
1. ^ (1 + V x ) 2dx.

4 3 ,
^ ( 1 + V x Y dx ^ ( 1 + 2 V x + ) dx

l\) dx + 2 \l V rx d x + j* dx + -4 ^ - + + .

2 = 0 , = = 1.
2. j* dx.

370
 3 2
( = 3):

^ l ? L dx==2 ^ + x 3dx = 2 \ n \ x \ + ^ r + C . A

3. 3* 42dx.
,
4 ( = 48):
J 3*-42*dx = j ^ 1 dx = J 48*dv = 1^ - + C. A

4. ^ cos 2 \d x .

2 cos 2 = 1 + cos x,

j cos 2 dx = -^- (1 + cos x ) d x = - Z (x + sin x) + C. A

5. ^ 25 ^*4^

9 ^ = - | - ) :

dx _ dx_______ J_ f* dx
j 25 + 4 : 2 _ ) 4 ( " 4 ] 2 +

= j - a r c tg T + C = ^ a r c t g ^ + C. A
T 2"

6 . j* 3 ^ * 1
9
( = 3):
dx + *2- _ + * 2_ -3 _d x_ _
J 3 + *2 " J 3 + ) 3+ * ^ ) 3 + *

- $ 3J 3 ' - arctg + ~
= K 3 a r c t g - + .

* dx
7. \ ^ _ 5~-
37!
 10

dx dx dx
2 -
< 4 Y j J

= In + C=
V I / I
j: V " 3 5
In I + C .A
2 (A 15 - -
dx
8 . J =
-92
11'
1
. '
dx dx
1 92.

dx
= arcsin J - C = - i arcsin + . A

12 13 ( = 2):
;2 _|_4 _ 4 '"** 4 dx
d X :=
1 16 24 / ; t 2+ 4
=In | + j/"x2 4 1 4 In ( + V %+ 4) + .
/*
10.
sin2x + cos 2 x = 1,
1 .Sin2 + C O S 2
S in ? X COS? X sinf j: cos'- x

,
7 8 :
dx dx
 2. (
). (
)
,
:
l f ( g ( x ) ) g ' ( x) dx = F( g( x ) ) + C, (1)

F (t) - f (t ), t = g ().
,
(F (g (*)) + = F ' (S (X)) g' ( ) = f (g ()) g ' ().
(1)

\f(t)dt, * 2)
t = g(x).
(1) ,

f (g ) g ' () dx = f (g (x)) dg (x) (3)
,

S/ ( ()) g' ( ) dx
(2 )
, t = g(x).
1. J c o s ( + 3 )dx.
(3)

cos ( + 3) dx = cos ( + 3) d ( + 3)

( /(x ) = cos(5x + 3), g () +- 3).

/ = 5:+ 3 ,

Jco s(6 + 3 ) * = i J c o 3 ( < t t i . ! ^ - + C - f 5 i |L 2 + c . A

2. (2. +

(2 + \)ladx = Y ( 2 x + \ y d ( 2 x + 1),

, t 2 + 1 ,
j (2 * 4 - l) 10dx = y j ( 2 x + i y d ( 2 x + (1 dt =
I11 | (2 + 1)11 ,
= 2j - r C = ---- 22 + -
373
 3. ^ dx.
t x 2,

J *1dx = dx2 dt = ~ * + = 2 + .
4. | 4 ^ -

1 d (4 + 3)
9 " 4 + 3
t = 4 + 3,
f* *2 dx 1 ( d ( 4 + 3 * 3) 1 f dt
) 4+3*5 9 1 4 + 3*3 9 I\ t

= 1| ^ ] + = In | 4 + ? | + .

5. -^ - e 1/J:dx.

t = = dx = .
,

= + = el'x + .
dx
6 . I ?
^ J ] + 10* *?
11 + 10 2 = 3 6 ( 5)2,
t = x 5
:
j*______ dx_______ _ _______ dx________ d ( 5)
J V 11 + 1 0 * -* ? J ] -(* -5 )? J =
(* dt t _R
= --=====-== a res i n b C = a r c s i n ---------b - C. A
J V ~. is 6
7. ( x Y 1 x 2 dx.
t 1 x2, dt = '2x dx,
. e. x d x = ---- ~ .

x 1 x 2 dx = ]/ t ^ - -) = - ~~ dt

== T t ^ /2 + C = - | ( 1- x 2)3/2 + C. a
374
 8 . J s in cos 7 dx.
^ = cosx, dt = sin x d x .
,
J s in x c o s 7x d x = J t 1 dt + C = cos8 * - f C. A

9. J
.

dx _ sin x d x _ d cos x
sin x sin2 x 1 cos3 x
/ = , 10 :
r j ^ = r _ ^ 1 In *-=}. +-C = l l n | ^ ^ + C.
J sin x J tl 1 2 t+ \ 2 1 + c o s : 1

.
:
,X .X
dx ~2 1 2 g
: : , : , : :
sin cos tg cos2 tg

= t g y .

= ^ = In | | + = In t g i . + .
J sin ; J 11 ^

10. j' ^ si..n. . dx.

dx
t = arcsin x, dt = = = .
1 x l.
,

(* T = t i dl = -\r C = + . A
J J ^ 3
f* dx
11. \ -------7= - .
J 1+ / *
, x = ,t '\ t ^ O .
, dx = 2 t d t ,
dx 2-J A L b 2 [ L + t - -{ d t ~
J 1+/ * J 1- J l+<
2 ^ dt 2 y* 21 2 l n ( l + /) + C =

2 ] / ~ x 2 In (1 + Y ~ x ) + C. A
375
 12. j* - d* .

1 = t2, t > ,

ex dx 2 t d t , dx ^ - .

,
.. = 2 = 2 arctg;+C =
J J + 1 6 _______
= 2 arctg | / * 1 + .

13. x 2dx.

x = 2 s i n / , dx = 2 cos t d t

t arcsin . ,
V 4 x 2 | / 4 4 sin 2 ^ = 2 ] / 1 sin21 2 eos t.

J V 4 x 2dx ^ 2 cos t 2 cos t dt = 4 ^ cos 2 ^ =

< = 2 ^ ( 1 + cos 2t ) dt 2t-\- sin 2 t + C.

sin 2 t 2 sin ^ cos / = 2 sin t V 1 sin 21 =

- 2. i
TO
j K 4 x %dx = 2 arcsin + y V 4 ^ + .

14. ^ s m a x co sb xd x, , , .

sin cos = staf f -

' j sin cos bxdx = Z J sin (a b)xdxr + y J sin (a + b) x d x .

a 6 0 , , t \ a b )x -
376
 ( + ) ,

J sin ( b ) x d x - ~ ~ b d t =
cost , _ c o s ( ) '

j sin ( + ) dx = j du =
cos ! ^ c o s(a + i ) x ^
- + + 6 -

, + b 0,
( * ., 7 . J r 1 / c o s ( a - 6 ) x ' cos ( a + b) x \ p
j sin ax cos ox a x ^ ) + .

a f r = 0 :
s in a * c o s a x d x s i n 2 a x d x ~ ^ x -{-C.

^ s m a x s m b x d x , J cos ax cos bx dx, 0 , 0 .

15.
: ^

(X)
x 2.+ px + q

() .
,

( < 2 ) ( ^ 2 ).
1)
, :
= 2, 5.
:
+ 5
2.- \ - 10 2 x-j -5

377
 .
:
+ 5 ( + 5) + 5 ( - - 2 )
? + 3 10 2 + 3 10

+ 5 = . ( + 5 ) + . ( 2),
2, 7^4 = 11,
= . = 5, 7 = 10, .
,

+ 5 - 11/7 10/7 \
2 + 10 X 2 + 5'

+ 5 , __ _ 11 dx . 10 f* dx
J x* + 3 x - \ Q a X ~ T ) J ^ 2 + J J J + 5 -
11 In I x 2 I + 10 In |x + 5 I , n
7 rL -

2)
*== 1.
:
7 1
2 + 2 + 1 ~ + 1 + ( + 1 ) 2

.
:
7 1 ( + 1) +
2 + 2 + 1 2 + 2 + 1 '

7 1 = ( : + 1) + .
= 1, -8; = 0,
+ = -1, . . 7. ,
7 1 7 8
2 + 2 + 1 + 1 ( + 1 )2 '

7 1 7 f dx + )
( + 1 )2

7 In I : + 1 1+ jq-j- + .

378
 3) .
:
2 _ , (1- 4 + 5 )'- 1
? 4 + 5 \ 4 + 5 2. 4:+ 5

2 = (2 4) + .

, , = 2, = 0,

4 4 + 2, . . . ,

-2 d (x 2- 4 x + 5 ) , dx
J 2- 4 + 5 * ~ 2 J 2- 4 + 5 ^ J ( 2)*-f-l

In ( 2 4 + 5) + 4 arctg ( 2) + .

4)
, 3.
,
,
.
, + 1
? + 2 ,
^ + 1 , .la .
x l + x 2 ^ * + 2'

2 + 2 = ( 1)( + 2) : = 1
2. ,
1)
1
5+ 2 1 + 2
1 = ( + 2) + ( 1); ,
2 7
1 = - - , 2 .
,
*3 + 1 __ j , 2/3 , 7/3
2+ . 2 1 1 1 + 2*

^ + L _ dx = 4 - x + i l n | x - l [ + y l n l x + 2 H - C . A

37
 3*. .

d ( u v ) i= v d u + u dv.

udv = d(uv) vdu.

,

( 1)

.
1.

, dv = ex dx 4

du dx, v ex.
, (1),

J dx = J dx + .

. ^

du = dx, v = -rj1,

, ( 1),

. .
, .


380
 ,

do.
:
1)
,

dv ,
do v d u ,
dv.
2)

jj () \ n x d x , J () arcsin x d x , ^ () arctg x d x ,

() ,
I n , arcsin x , a r c tg (. 2, 4).
3)
() dx, J () s ih a x d x , () cos axdx, ,

() (. 1, 3).
() ,

(. 5).
4)
sin bx dx, ^ cos bxdx, 2 + 2 ,

, -
, .

(.
6 ).
2. ^ In xdx.

,
= ,

X 1 v = x,
, (1),
In dx = In { ^ = \ J dx =>
x \ n x x -}- C .A
381
 3. J cos x d x .

= , dv= cos dx,

du = dxi = sin x .

, (1),

J c o s x d x = * x s i n x J s in x d x = x s i n x + co sx + C .A

4. ^ arctg dx.

u = arc tg , dv = xdx,

, dx x3
Ci W ---- - I I o *
0 --------------------------------------------------------------- "TT"
1+ 2
,
J x arctg x dx y - a r c tg x j .

:
x2 dx ( + 2 1 , , dx ,
j + 2" - J 1 + 2 d x - \ dx J 1 +; - X a r c t g x + C.

,
J arctg <& = arctg + a rc tg x + C =

~~~ afctg + .
5. J x ( x 5 )sin 2 x d x .

= ? 5, fo = sin2jedx,

du = (2 5) dx, v=s - ?s- 2* .
(1)

J ( 5)sin2xdx =

- " 5* cos 2 + J (2 ~ 5) cos 2* -

332

,
2 5, dv = cos2xdx.
du = 2dx, v -in^2x ,
2 5 *
\ (2 5 )c o s2x d x ^ sin 2; \ s'm2xdx=i
2 5 . 0 cos 2 ,
sin / ------g---- h *.
,
j* ( 5)sin2xck =

= *' ~ 5* cos 2 + 2:~ 5-sin 2; + cos 2: - ==.

1 + 10 2? 2;
1 . .
= ------ ------ cos 2:+ j sin 2-\- .
0 _

6. F () = ^ 3* sin 2: dx.

u esx, dv = sin2xdx,
du = dx, v=^ ~ L .
(1)
F () - j cos 2: + cos 2xdx.

:
, dv = cos 2 dx,
du = dx, v = sin 2;.

j cos 2x d x sin 2: ? sin 2; dx

= e3*sin 2; F (x).

, F(x)
F () 3* cos 2 + ( 8* sin2x F ()) ,

F () ^ e ix (3 sin 2; 2 cos 2;) -f- .
383
 .
.
,
.
,
/, , ,
J f ( x ) d x
.
,
,
. (,
. 6 44), f ()
, . .
J f () dx. / ()
. , ,

J/T+7 , - 2, In
'

,
. , ,

.
^VT+l?dx, . ^
,
, .

8.1. , F ()
f () :
1) F ( x ) = 2 x 3 + - | x 4 + 5, f( x) = 3 ( x + 2 ) * 2;
2) F(x) = 2 + ? , f( x) 2 ( 1 + 2);
3) F () = sin cos x, f (x) = cos 2:;
4) F ( * ) = * - ln (l+ je * ), =
8.2. , F ()
f ():
1) F (*) = * + - L - , f ( ) = 1 ,- > 0;

2) F = 2 V 1 + 1 3/2. / (*)-= - , > 0;

 3) F W = l t g U f {x)==j , I*, < ;

4) F (x) = arccos , f (*) = r - - ~ > * >

x x x 3. 1
8.3. F ()
f ():
1) F () 2 cos 2 cos 4, f () 8 sin cos ;
2) F(x) = 2*in*, f () = 2sin *cos ;
3) (x) = a rc tg x + a r c c tg x , f ( x) 0;
4) F (x) = sig n x , f( x) = 0?
8.4.
F i= y s in ? x + l, F a = 3 cos2 *, Fs = 4 i- c o s 2 *
f = s in x c o s x?
8.5. y f( x) ,
(0; 0):
1) = 2 3, (3; 3); 2) ^ , > 2, (4; 0);

3) 5, = *. (2; 3): 4) = ^ < 0, ( - 3 ; 4);

) y _ L - + e l n ( l + * ) , (1 ; I)! 6) = | * | . ( ~ 2 ; 4 ).
2
8.. F () f ()
. :
1) f () , F () ;
2) / () , F () ;
3) f () , () ?
8.7. - f ();
1) / (*) = 1 + * \ 2) f () = 3 (2 1);
3) /() = (* 1)2. 4) f (.) 23 5x3 7 3}

6) f { ) = ~ ** > 9 /( * ) * < !

7) f (*) = V x J 8) f(x)~x-~Zl .
V
8.8. :
1) ^ ( a x + i> ) d x ; 2) ^ (2 + 6 + ) dx;

3) J (7 x3)d x ; 4) ( + 1) ( + 2) dx\

8.9. :

dx;

1 , . I 385
 (**+l)(*e- 2) .
------------ =------ dx.
.2
8.10. :
1) ^ (* - f 5cos x) d x \ 2) (2 sin * + 2 *) d x ;

) 2*3a* d x ; 6) f ! ! l 2 d x ;
J J sin x

7) sin2 d x ; 8) ^ ctg2 x dx .

8.11. :

5) dX ; 6)
J / 9 - 4*2 J 6
+ d x, ) f ^ E | - 3 T ^ T 3
'J \-* J *-9
8.12. , :
1) jj ( l ) edx; 2) J (2 + 7);

) J + * + 4 1 1 6) j 2 + 7 - 8 1

7) j 2 + 8 + 25 ; 8) j 5 12 9?*
8.13. , !

J ( 1- 2)2 ; J ** + 6*2+ 5
04 6*+ 7 . :2- ! .
3*2 + 7 * + 4 h } J jc3 -f-1 1
x bdx (* x2 dx
}J 7*+1 ! (3 + 5*8) * }
^ x dx os %+ 1 ,
} J 16+ 1 > J ^ + 1 **
8.14. , :

5 /5 = ^ 2) | = -
xdx . f j! ,
3)

386
 5 | ^ 2 7 + 6 * - ! : 61 I K i'+ +

*-- 4
9) 5 * * - I rfjc; 10) 5 ** / * * + 1 <<*
8 .1 5 . , :

1) x e - x t dxi 2) ^ * e * l dx;

3) ^ ' 4 ) !

6>
8 .1 6 . , :

1) ^ sin 7 * + cos y j dx-, 2) J sln(cirt + <p)rf/, 0;

3) J sin sin dx; 4) J cos 8* cos dx;

5) sin cos dx; 6) cos cos d*;

7) jJsinco/sin^f+cpJctf.co^O ; 8) J sin?*rf*;

9) J sin3 x dx; 10) J cos3 x dx;

) J cos5* s i n * dx, 1 2 )J ^ T 7 :

13) 5 ctg xdx; 14) 5 ^ l + c o s * s i n * c ( * ;

f sin ]/~ x ,
15) ^ eC0SXslnxdx; 16) J " ~ y - -dx.

8 .1 7 . , :
.. In2 * . v In x d x
]j ~7~ 2 )J '
> dx , arctg 2*
3) J ( 1 + * - ) arctg * 4 )J 1+ 4 * *
f arosin3 * /a rc c o s *
5)j y r a ; M ' i- * 2
8 .1 8 . :
*^* . (* + 3)< & _.
1} J * * - 5 * + "6" *? 4 * + 4 1
(* + 2)d* . ^ f *-<**__
** + * + ' * ? -4 * + 3
13* 387
 8.19*. ,
:
1) (j xe~!x dxj 2) 5 * 2 X dx;

3) 5 * * d*; 4) J x c o s flf c -T )* ,
5) 5 (3* 4) In x d x ; 6) ^ arcsin x d x ;

7) 5 afccos x d x ; 8) ^ a rc tg x d x .
8.20*. ,
:
)) 5 2 ~ dx; 2) ^ sin x d x ;

3) 5 In2 x d x ; 4) 5 aro co sa x d x ;

5) j* ex cos x d x ; 6) j e3x sin ^ 2 * -2-J dx.

8.21*. , :
I) 5 x 3e ~ x<1dx; 2) ^ eV dx;

.3) J sin dx; 4) J *n ^ X dx;

) J * a r c tg x2dx; 6) J x arccos dx, x > 1.

38b
 9

43.

-
f (x) , x(t [a\ ].
(. 130),
, =
,

, y * f ( x ) ,
[ ; ].
,
, , - ,

^ ^ . , 0 /< ! / ().

.
[a; b]
. . 1
x t a -\ i = 0 , 1, . . . , ,

[a; Xj]; [ *], . . . [_-, ]
.

(. 131, = 4), -
389
tnr(x t ~r ^ . j ) Af, (, x r_f), 1 (
^
f ( x ) [(_,; ,], t = l , 2 , . . . , .
,


, + . . . + == 2 fn /A x, !
=[


Mi + . . . + = 2

AXj Xt x t_i.
s S n, , S AabB

s , ^
, 5^
,
.
[; ], . . ,
'
. , ,
(s), ( S J
-


, .

. ;
.
/(), [ ; ]\ ,
(s,j (S) ,

, .

, ,
.
1. ,
(. 132) (0; 0),
(; 0 ) (; ) ab,
. . .
390

,

/ = /( * ) = * > * [0 ; ].

[0; ] ; = /*= 0, 1, . . . ,
(. . 132, = 4 )

'< = /(*-1 ) = j (' !),

L1 b , . eft ( eft / , 1\

V ft , aft 1} ( + 1) _ _ * ( , ,
s- 2
i=1
-. 7 1 7 2 -* I 1 + 7 )

,
lim sB= lim S n = y .
> / ! - >

, ,
. .

2. S ,
% 0 ^=,
> 0 (. 133).
1, [0; ]
* -{ , I 0 , 1, . . , .
391


| - ? - ' ] L ( * U*.
(=i (=l
'

ie l fel
. 1 8 ,

_ , ( + !) (2+1)_

ii
,
s ^ . 1 T l J . _ 4 ( l + i ) ( 1 + i ) .
_ ( -1 ) (2 -1 ) 1\ , ___ 1_\
" 6 3 V nA 2rtJ*

S -= lim s = lim S = -^- (. .).
-*-0 0 -+

1.
, , [a; ft]
X/, /= 0, 1, . . . , , .
[,_; \
ct.
, , ,- ,-
f [X/_i; {\, , ,
< f (,) < M t,
t e l , .
/ ^ / x t _t
. !

2 tnt \ Xf < 2 / (ct) &x t < 2 , M , Ax,.

(=1 1=1 i= 1-

,

lim 2 f (Ci)Ax,
t l
, ct
.
392
 ,

lim ^ f ( c , ) A x , ^ S AabB. (I)
-+ L i
2. [\ ]
. ,
(1) ,
[\ ]
, ,
.

1. ,
y = f ( ), [ ; &]?
2. ,

>
s in x , * ( 0 ; ],
3. ,
0 < , s ln j < , ^ (
?

9.1. ,
, = ,
* = 0 1.
.
.
9.2. ,
, = sin* ,
* [ 0 ; 1], * = 1 .
.

c o ,( ' + s t )
1= 1 2 sin
2

44.
1. . f (x),
[\ ]. 43,
[; b]
Xi . 4 - , ' 0, 1,

.
393
 [*/_+, { \, / = 1, , ,

Cj.

/ () + + / () * = 2 / (,) ,,
<= 1
Axi x j
/.
, ,
[a; ft], , (.
.

2 / ( C < ) A*f (1)
-+00its. ]

ct, /
[; ], (I)
/
[; ]

J / () dx.

:
/ () dx , , b
/ () dx.
^ , f
,
, f ( x) dx
.
, .
, ,

\ f (x)dx = l i m 2 / (i ) k x t. (2)
a n-*-00 1=1

f (x) ,
, (2) (1) 43,

S ~ S f () dx, (3)

. . -
(. . 130)
.
394

^/( ) ,
t

J
f () dx
\ . i t .. ,

,
f (x) , [ ] ].
,
.
.
, :
^ ,

\ f ( x ) d x = 0; (4)

> ,

jf{x)dx~-\f(x)dx. (5).

,
,
. (4) (5)
,
.
, ,
, ,
,

J f ( x ) d x = [ f ( t ) d t = ' \ f ( u) du.

,

.
. f ()
[; ], .
, ,
, , ,
.
, ,
1)
, ,
',
395
 2) ,
.
2*. . [0; 1]
. 1
. ,
{
,

2 / (,) ,- 1=1
2 0 , = 0
= 1
, , + 0.
, ,

2 / ( ,) ,= 2 1-, = 2 ,- = 1
=1 1 1
, , 1.
, [0; 1]
,.
,
.
3. .
1.

J a d x = a ( 6 ). ( 1)

,
/( ) = a, [ ; b],

2 f (Cl) Ax, = 2
= 1 = 1
&, = 2 * =
= 1
( ),

<-
( ).
2. f ()
[; ],
a f () [; \
.
J / () dx = a J /() dx, (2)

. .
.
396
 af ()
11
2 <*/ (ct) ,- = 2 / (,-) */,
1=1 1=1


lim 2 / (/) *,- = lim 2 / (/) ;= $ f () dx,
-*00 t = 1 ~+00 t = 1

, /( )
[; ft] (2).
3. f () g ( x )
[; ], f ( x ) - \ - g ( x )
[; ]

$ ( f ( x) + g ( x ) ) d x = 5 / (X) dx + 5 g () dx, (3)

. . .
,
&
5 (/ (*) + (*)) dx = lim 2 (/ (ci) + g (,)) A xt =
J 00 1 = 1

n n
<= lim 2 / (c<) A*; + lim2 (Cl) A x I = !
M _>00 = 1 -^ 0 0 I= 1
b b
= $ ./(x )d x + $ g (x )d x .

4. [; ] / ( )
g ( x )
f{x)<g(x),


5 / ( x ) d x ^ ^ g(x)dx. (4)

, ' f ( x ) ^ g ( x ) ,
/( )
g( x )

2/(/) , < 2 g ( C i ) A x lf
i= 1 i=i
397
 - * - f
(4).
.
5. f {x)
[; ] [; ],
b
5 f ( x ) d x = J f( x) dx + ^ f(x)dx, (5)

4.
.
1. [; b] f (),
g ( x ) ()
mcp(x)^f(x)^Mg(x),

^ ( x ) d x ^ J f { x ) d x ^ M \j g( x ) d x . (1)
a a a
, m ^ f ( x ) ^ . M ,

m ( b a) / {x)dx < M (b a). (2)
a
(1)
4 2. (2)
(1) () = g () = 1 1.
1.
/2

dx
J 2+ cos

^0; y j
0 ^ cos ^ 1,

JL < 1 < 1
3 ^ 2+ cos ^ 2
1
(2) / ( ) = &- ------.
COS X
= 0, &= -*-,
Z
= , = ,
 > ,
/6 + /4 5
0,65.
24


5
~ 2 4 ==24 ~

,

. 2 45, g y j - 0,60.
2. [; ] / ()
g( x )
\f(x)\<t Mg(x),

\) f ( x ) d x < ^ g (*) dx. (3)

, | / ()| ^ ,

5 f ( x ) dx < (b a). (4)

| / W | < M g ( x ) ,
M g () d x ^ . f ( ) dx < M g () dx
(. 1 ( ) = Mg ( x ) )

J g () dx < 5 f ( x ) dx < \j g ( x ) d x )

, (3).
(4) (3)
( ) = 1 .
5, .
,
.
. / ()
[; ], ,

l f ( x ) d x = f (c) (b a). ( 1)

399

f () [; ].
m ^ f () ^ . * [ ; ],

(b ) < 5 f (jc) dx (b a).

b > 0,


^f(x)dx^M .

(1). ,
f ( x ) [; \,
[\ .] , , ,

J f () dx, . . 6 [; ],

/(* )< * *


, :
,
/,
,

,

(. 134).
. (1)
. 134
,
,
, .
(5)
. 1.
6.
. f () [; ].
[; ],
* [ ; &].
X
(*) = s f (I)dt, $ [; ]. (1)

400

.
.- / ()
[; ], ()

X

' (x) = f (x) , . . ^ [ f { t ) d t = f ( x) . (2)

.
:

.
(:)
(. 5) ,
X 0 , X

( ) - {x0) = \ f ( t ) d t - \ j ( t ) d t = \ f ( t ) d t
0
[; b].
(.
. 5).
(-) (:0) = / () ( 0),

[0; ], 0 < , -['; *], < 0.

, ,
0,
(X) (*0) _ , , ,
0 1 *

' (0) = lim = lim / () = f (-vo)-

->- 0 -*-

,
f ( x) [; ] ,
, 0. 0
[\ ], ' (x) f (x) ,
.
.
.
, f (x),
x( t [ a\ >], ,
14 , . I 401

X
5 f(x)dx, [ \ b].U

1. f
[; &]?
2.
?
3. ,
,
1 2
1) j ^& ^; 2) J I x 1 I d x = 1.
-l o
4. :
) ,,
;
) ,
;
) ,
?
5. .
6.
1
5 < ^ ]/~W+x*dx < 6.
-
7. (3) . 4
/ (), [-, ],

J f () dx < 5 I / M l dx

( );
8. .
?
9.
.

9.3. , :
1 VY
 1
2) 5 sin x2 dx ^ sin x dx's
0
1 l
3) 5 *2 dx ^ ex dx;

2 2

4) 5 e*2 dx ^ e* dx.

9.4. f
y f( x ) , |
:
1) = \ (-1; 0); 2) = ^ , (1; 2).
9.5. :

d d
1) "dx ! sin dx ^ > ] sln


3^ S sinx2dx-

45.

1. .
. f ()
[\ \, F (:) f ()
,

5 f (x)dx = F (b) F (). (1)


.

,
X
() = 5 / (0 dt

f ()
[; ]. F ()
f () [; ], () F ()
[; ], . .
(x) F () + .
14* 403
 , = ,
() = ( ) + , () = () + .

() = 0, (),
) = ( ) - ( ) ,

(b) = [ f ( x ) d x .

,

^ / [x)dx = F (b) () .

) ()
: () \, (1)


\ f { x ) d x = F( x ) \ ab. (2)

, (1)
.

. . ,
,
,

,

.


,
.

.

8.

1. J sin xd x .

404
 s i n x
F () cos .

jj s in x d x = F () F ( 0 ) = c o s n + c o s 0 = ( 1) + 1 = 2 .
1
dx
2. J
1 + '

F () = In (1 + ). (2),

1
; = 12.
l r R = f W |o = l n ( 1 + ; f )

1
dx
3. ^ { -:

-
dx
a rc tg x + C,
J 1+ * 2

(2)

- ^ = arctg + = arctg 1 + arctg 0 C = -J.

1*

4. ^ ,
"1 0 = ,
> 0 (. . 133).
43 ( 2)

.
.
, , ,

S = jj 2dx;

*
\ 2 dx + ,

405
 5. :
2 /3

2) ? 7 ; 3) W " *
13 /4 - 1
1 2
2 dx
5) J 4 2 dv; 6) ^ In : dx.
411 4 + :3

1) 2 . 1 42

{ 2- ~ - d x = 2 \ n \ x \ - \ - ~ + C.

^ r ~ d x = 2 \ n \ x \ + ^ 2 = 21 2 + 4 | = ^ + 212.
1 4 4

2)
(. 10 . 1 42):

j i s d r e = t s x - ct g x + c -
(2),
/
dx , , |/3 - 1 2
\ --?------ 5= t e x c t g * = 3 ----- = rr=.
J Sin2 X COS2 X /4 Y 3 Y 3
/4

3) 3 . 2
42

J xex ldx = - ^ e x2
-1
4) 4
. 2 42:

! 4 & = ! | 14 + : , | + -

40G


5) 13
. 2 42 :

j V 4 * dx 2 arcsin + 4 2 + .

(2)

^ 4 x 2dx = 2 arcsin + 4 = 2 arcsin 1 = .

,
,
2.
6)
(. 2 . 3 42):

^ Inx d x x l n x |* = e l n e + 1 = 1. 4

/6

,
/2

7.

407
 3 2
,
8 . 8 8
^ ( 2 + ) dx = Y 2 j 1/2 dx + ^ 1/3 dx =>

,+ * - ^ 83 + 4 ^ 8 4-

= | + 1 2 = 1.

8. J / () dx,

( , [0; 1],
\ 2, g ( l ; 2].
0 2
0 1 1 2 ( 5
),

^ / () dx = J dx + J 2 dx = * + *2

= 1 + 4 1 = + 2.
9.
1
1 ^ e~x dx ^ 1
300 ^ J * + 1 0 0 <

[0; 100]

2 0 0 ^ + 1 0 0 "^ 100

~ ^ ~ ^ ~
loo *+1 ^ Too"'
(1) . 4 44

/ + 100
, (p(x) = g( x ) = e-*,

-------- 100

408

100 1 00 1 00

25 | _* I ^ < 5 ~1-
0 0
100
1100
\ e ~ x dx ~ |0 = 1 -100,

100
1 _ - ^ e-xdx ^ .1 -1 0 0
200 J -\ - 100 100

1'_~> 1 1_-
^ ^ >

> ,
100
J_ e-*dx _t_
300 ^ J +100 ^ 100

2. /
. ,
,
.
. f ()
= ( (t), t [; ], = < ( ),/; =
, (}) ,
:

\ f { x ) d x = \ f { y { t ) ) 4 >' ( t ) d t . (1)


.
f () ,
. F ().
F ( (/)) / ( (t)) ' (t).
f ()
/ ( ( 0 ) 0 :

lf(x)dx = F(b)-F(a), (2)

f / ( ( 0 ) ' { t ) d t = F ( ()) F ( ( ) ) . (3 )

409
 , b = (), = (),
(2) (3) . , *
, . . (1).
(1) !

\ f ( x ) d x = \<f ( ( p( t ) ) d( p( t ) . (4)

,
x = q>(t)
(t)
.

(1) (4) ,
(. 2).

1. J V 1 + dx.

(4), ^ 1, t > 0.
-dx 2t d t , V l + x t,
= 1, = 2. ,
3 2
$ x V T + ~ x d x = 2 J (/2 \)dt= *
1

= 2 j t*dt 2 j t* d t= 2 - 2 - j
1
l
3 2 - 1 8 1 \ 136
= 2
= 15

/2

2. J es,n 1cos / dt.

esin I cos f ^ = e,ln ' d sin t.

sin t = x (4),
,
/2 1

J 9'111cos t dt = ^ *dx * |* I .

3. / ()
[ I; []. ,
4 1 0
 1) j () ,
I
J / (x) dx 0; (5)
-I
2) / () ,
I I
( x) dx 2 J / () dx. (6)

:
I I
^ / (x)dx J / () dx + J / () dx.
-1
[ /; 0]
, = t.
0 0 I
\ f ( x ) d x = \ f ( i ) dt = l f ( t) dt.
-I I
,
i i i j
'\j f ( x j d x = \l f ( x ) d x + ^ f (x) d x = [ ( f ( x) + f (x)) dx.
- 1 0 0 0

/ (x) , / ( x) + f ( x) = 0
(5) . /( ) , / ( ) +
4- f () = 2/ () (6) .

4. (jccosx -f sin + 10) dx.

- 1

:
1 1
\ ( cos + sin ) dx \ 10 dx.
-1 -1
,

0. ,
x io ,
 /2
dx *
. ^ ~
COS X

tg4=*>

fg2 _
2 1/? , , , 2<ft
cos = ---------- ==-7> * = 2 a rc tg /, dx
1 + tg , * ! + ' 1+ '
~2
3T
: tg 0 = 0, t g = 1 .
,
Jl/2 1
dx 1+/? dt
J 2 + cos J 2 + 2 / ? + 1 t l ' 1 + t r

i i d -^ = r
-2 dt 2 ^ 3

j 3+
/ i j ;1
+ (* )
2 , ^ i 2 , 1
= -~=- arctg rr=r = 7=- .,
7 t a rc tg 7 1 V Y 3 3/3
6. S ,
2 9 2 .
,

= 2 9 -2, x g [ 3; 3],

S = J 2 9 2 dx
-
, (.
S)

S = 2 J 2 9 x 2dx,
.
3 sin t,
dx = 3 cos t d t, 9 '2= ^ -
412
: 0 | . ,
/2 /2
S = 2 -3 4 j sin 21 cos2 td t = ^ sin2 2 t d t

n/2
81 f* I cos 4/ ,, 8 1' / , s in 4"A' / 2 81
= 2 \ 2 ~ ' ------- 4 ~ J
==-- (. .).
0

3*.
. (), v( x)
[; \. ,
,
(uv)' u 'v + uv'.

^ (uv)' dx uv J* = 5 u'v dx + uv' dx.
a a a

<
\j u d v = uv | J v d u . (1)


.

.
(1)
, . 3 42

.
1
1. ^ In (1 +x *) dx.


w = l n ( l + 2), dv dx,


,
1 1
J l n ( l + x2)d x = x l n ( l + 2) 2 j T- p - r d*==

1
= l n 2 - 2 j i | ^ ^ = l n 2 - 2 j ^ + 2 ;f T^
0 0
1 t .
12 2 + 2 a r c t g x 1 = 12 2 - f ^ . .

2. ^ 2 cos xdx.


= 2, dw = co sxdx,

du = 2xdx, v = sinx.
(1)
.

J 2 cos dx = 2s i nx 2 J sin xdx = 2 J sin xdx.

.

, dy==sinxdx,

du dx, V cos
, ,

^ sin dx = cos x C + J cos x d x

= n cos + sin X I" = .

^ x2cos x dx = 2.

414


1. .
2. , :
1
1 = 1 1 In 1 = 0 .
-1
-1
3.
?
.2 _____
4. , ^ / 1 *5 x d x

x = sin ? ,
5. ,
I
X COS X j ,
= 0-
) T + X d - '
- 1
6.
.

9.6. :
2 2 2

1) (2: + 1) dx; 2) ^ x ( 3 x ) d x ; 3) J [ 2. + dx;

l i

4) 5 ' 6> ] # ^
0 -1 -

7) * + 4 + 5 1 8) J *2- + 2
0 3
9.7. :

1) f V ~ x d x ; 2) X 1 djc; 3) dx ;
J V x+ 1 J / 4 -3 *
2 16 4
4) fdx ; 5) f __ i *----- ; 6) - dx
' J V b5 -2 2xx JJ /Y* x ++ 99-- l/ V J ll + Y x
1 3,5
dx dx
Vrx*
+&2 x + 2 8> J V~5 + 4 x - x *

415
 9.8. :
/4
1) J sin 4 dx; 2) J sin 2 dx; 3)J sin? dx;
-
/2 I
4) J sin? x cos x dx; 5) ^ sin x cos2 x dx; 6).
- - 1
/2 /2
7 cos x 1x _ _ f* cos x d x
J sin 3 * J 6 5 sin x-j- sin? x '
/6 0
9.9. :
l l
1) ^ e 2.*dx; 2 ) J ( e * l )4 e* dx; 3) f ; 4) f T
+e?x
0 0 1 0
9.10. :

> ] * 2> S ^ ;

dx ,, f cos In * ,
3) j * ( + 7*) 4)\ ^ dx-
i i
9.11*. :
t /2 _ /2
1) ^ (1 x ) e ~ x dx; 2) ^ : sin x d * ; 3) ^ *2 sin * d*;
o o
!/4 1 1
4) J sin } /" x d x ; 5) f * In(1 -\-x2)dx; 6) J arccos * dx;
0
1
7) J a rctg x d x ; 8) ^ e -^ s in x d * .

9.12. :
2 2
1) J s in p x s in q x d x ; 2) J co s p x co s q x dx;
0 0
2
3) sin px cos qx dx , p, q N.

9.13. , f (x), x ( oo; + o o ) ,
,

 100
9.14. ^ 1 cos 2x dx.

9.15. :
200 1
~~
, ^ 11

*19
>) 0 < dx < 0,005; 2) ----- < =i
J 20 + - 20 ^ 2 .1 | + * '

dx
31 < I (10 + sin ) (1 + * 2) ^ 30
1

/2
~
4) Y 71 < j ^ i 10
o ++ COS
coS X*sinT7
Sin2 X < YY
'0
/6
9.16. ,
:
1) t/ sin , [0; ]; 2) = 4 , [0; 4];
3) ( 1) ( 2), g [0; 1]; 4) = --, [1; ];

5) = ~ , [0; 1]; 6) = t g x , " jj-

46.


,
. , ,

.


.
1. .
b f {x). ,
[; ]
= + ^ ~ , i = 0, 1, . . . , (1)

.
X/] , :
= ~ , 1 = 1, . . . , ,

) * , = * = 2 / ( /). (2)
= 1= 1
417
 f () [; ],

lim 2 / () kXi \ f { x ) dx. (3)
t l - > 00 = 1 Q

(2)
:

^ f(x)d x ^ ^ . j ^ f { ^ b i + l L y ( 4 )

*
(. 135,
4), ,],

,


f(C;). (4)

, C f X / 2 % C j X j b

. 135 .

,
, ,
:

X i - i + Xi M (b a )3 ,
j /(*)<&- <c 2 4 / i ? (5)
*
i=l
M \ f "( x) \
[a; ].
(1) ,
xi-i-\-X [ a
, b f. \\

,
:

( 6)
1 1

2. . , ,
b f ().
[i; ]
. *
X t = a + t, i==0, ,
418



'
1=1 i=l

s , t (xt) * , = ~ i L f (x i) (2)
r=i i=i
f (x) [; >],

lim 2 / ( - ) *,- = lim 2 f (x i) Ax i = \ f ( x ) dx
n -* oc i = 1

(1), (2)
.
:

} ( X i--i)+ f(Xi)



i1
,

- V f ( * / - i ) + f (*/)
2
( 3)
=1

.
f ()
.
, [; ]




/(%,-_),
/(* ,) (. 136,
= 4).
,
,

f {Xj-l)-\-f (Xj) (4)

12?
i =i
419
 | f" () j
[; ft].

2 / (x i - i ) f () + / (*i) + . . . + / (_ ),
i =i

2 / (*/)=/ () + . . + / (^_) + / (ft),

(=

V f ( * /- ) + f (,-) / (a) + / (fe) y ^ ^ ^

i= i 2 . 2 <=i

,
:

J f () dx () + / (ft) + 2 2 f (a + ~ * (5)

1
1. J ^ d x -
o
10- .
.
(5) . 1,
[0; 1]
.
!

f ( x) = ex\ f ' ( x ) = 2\ f" () 4- 2*\

, [0; 1]

| / " ( * ) | < 6 /

10~2.
,

> 5 1 / 8,2.

,
= 9.
420
 (6) . 1

{ f ( i3 ) + K ^ ) + f (ra)+? () +

+ )+ ' )+ )+ /( )+ )>
10-2.
,
f ( x) = exi .
1,46.
.

&
12 2
< - 2,

. . 5 2 1 1 , 5 . (5) . 2 = 1 2

1,46

10
1
2. j / x 2+ 1 sin cbc

10 2.
/ () = V x 2 + 1 sin .

f" () = .. 2* cos : --------- sin

' w ( l+ x 2)3/2
,

I I< / + ' < / 4- + 1<

< / 4 2 + 1=K 3.
,

^ 3 < 10-?,
242
. . 2,7.
j / 12
421
 (6) . 1 = 3

\ V x 2+ 1 sin x d x

^ ~2, . . > , 5:_ ,8.

12

(5) = 4 10-2
1
^ * 2 + 1 sin x d x

{ ^ sin 1+ f (4) + f ( l ) + J? ( ) }:~ 56'

1
dx
9.17. ^ - p -

, 10 .
9.18.
1
J (4:2) dx
0
, 10 .
.
9.19. ,
[0; 1],
1
^ 1+ dx

10- 3 .
9.20. ,
[0; 1],
1
J ~2 dx

10~2.
422
9.21. 10 3 :
2 /2
c o s* , 0. c o s* ,
) d x' 2) J T + - x dX'
L 0
1
9.22. 10~3 ^ " *2 dx.

9.23. 10 4 :

1) | ^ + ^ * ; 2)
2

423


47.

,
.
( 44),

.
.
,
RT-JUWP -7

6 "2 4 0 1 2 3

. 137 . 138

44 ,
(. 137),
*/=/(*), [ ; ],
[; \ , = = ,


( 1)

1. ,
y = f ( x) = x 2 2 + 2 , = 1, = 2
[ 1; 2] (. 138).

, (1);

S = J (x* 2 x + 2 ) d x = ^ + 2* =6.
-1 1-1
-i

/= /(* ), [ ; ],
.
(.
139)

^ / ( x ) d x ^ 0.

(/ = f (), [; ].

' ' ,
= f (x),
[; ] ,
= = ,
(1), . .

S = \ f ( x ) dx. (2)

' '
, . ,

(2).
2. ,
y = f ( x ) = y / x, = 1 / = 0 (. 140).
= \ / , [ 1; 0],
,
(2):

|- *4/3
!= ^ \ / x d x =
-1

f^x), x[ci', ],
[; ] , [; ]
. (1) (2) ,
,
}(), [; ] , =
425
 x = b,

S I / I dx. (3)

3. ,
; nj ,
5
= c o s , = -----g- = (. 141).

f(x) =fxr

_i_
0 / ?
j r
I--/

. 140

5
= o s x I


x t = = ~2
(3)

\
I cos x \ d x =
- 5 /6
-n il nil
= J cos x d x + ^ cos x d x J s x d x =
- 5 /6 nil /2
/2 /2
= sin X -sinx
- 5 /6 - /2 /2
,
(), 6 [; \,
f 2{x), [; ], = , = (. 142).
S
aMNb. ,

s = 5 / ( ) dx 5 / (*) dx = 5 (/i (*) / 2(*)) dx. (4)

4. ,
= / t () = + 3 = / () = 2 + 1 (. 143).
426
 + 3 = 2+ 1 ,
fa: xt = 1
2 = 2. (4),
:
2 2

( + 3 (2+ 1 ) ) d x = ( 2 + + 2) d x =

= ( - 3 + * + 2 ) 1 ^ = 4

,

. 142 . 143

5
4
3
2
1 J
0 1 X
. 145

. , , ,
. 144,

427
 5. ,
= , [ 0 ; 1], = 2, [ 1 ; 2], =
= x2 + 2x + 4, [ 0 ; 2] (. 145).

,

= 2 + 2 . + 4 , [ 0 ; 2],
,
= , :[0; 1], = 2,
[1; 2].
2 1 2
S = J ( 2 + 2 + 4) dx ^ dx J :2 dx =

1__
.+ *+4 ) \ - ^
"

10.1. , :
1) = 2-(-1, (/ = 0, = 0, 2\
2) = 6 2, = 0; 3) / = *3 4, = 0 ;
4) = 2, = 0, = 6;
5) = In * , = 0, 2, : = 8;
6) = arcsin , 0, = ,
10.2. , ;
1) = 2 5 * + 6 , = 0;
2) y=cos x, = 0, = 0, * = 2.
10.3. , :
1) 2 2., = ; 2) = 2 2, -,

3) / = - , = 2 | * ; 4) X2 7, = 3\
5) / = 8 + 2 2, = 2* + 4; 6) 2 4* = 0, * (/ = 0.
10.4. , :
1) = 2., / = *2 2* 4;
2) 2 = :5 + : 6, 2</ = 6 + 3* 2;
3) / = *, 2. = , > 0, 6 > 0. -
10.5. , :
1) = 8 7* 2, / = 2 * + 16, * = 0 ;
2) = 3, + ^ = 2 , = 0;
3) = 2 2, I/ = i - j 4) !

6) { / = * 2, * = 0 ; 6) ] / " * + ] * /= 1 * + ( / = 1 }
2
7) / = *, = sin * , * 0 ;

428
 9) g/ = sin2 x, y = x s i a x , * [ 0 ; ];
10) ^ = a r c s i n x , i/ = arccos x, y 0.
JO.6. , =
= x ? 2 + 3, (3; 6) .
10.7. , =
= 2. 2 + 2 , (3; 5) .
10.8. , * = 1;
(2; 1,5).

48.

1. .

v*=v(t). ,
t = t b.

. 146

, , . .
v ( t ) = 0 = const, , ,
, (
, )
;
s = v0(b )
, ,
.
[\ \
t u , t n_ f, t n = b ( t 0 < t i < . . . < t n) n
(. 146).

/,]
ch

2 vicJAtt. ( 1)
1= 1

,
429
 t = t;_i t = , ,
1 = / = &,
(1). ,
' . s,
[; ],
(1) :

s= lim 2 v (ci ) ^t i -

( 44),
v(t ) [; b].
, s, t = a
t = b ,
v(t),

(2)

1.
(/ ) = (3 /2 + 4 /+ 1 )( / ). ,
^ .
(2)
3 3
s = 5 (/2 + 4/ + 1) dt = (t s + 2 + /) = 4 8 ().

2.
(/ ) = (/ + 6 /2)(/). ,
.
(2)

s = {t + dt = ( j t * + 2 t ^ = 40,5().
2

3. ,
,
v0,
.
v ( t ) = v0 gt ,
g .
, (t) > 0, . .

(2) v(t ) = v0 gt , = , = ^ ~ ,


S = J ( Vo- gDdt = { y , t - ^ |o,,e= ^ ..A

0
2. .


,



b
(. 147).

.


. 147
,

,
, ,
. . -
P = gphS, (1)
S .
,
(1)
,

, . .
.
,

,
.

( ) ,
(. . )
0 = , . . . , x n_lt = ,

= + ^ , 0 , 1, 2 ,
( . 147
), x t.
43 j

,
A x t = x { =
, . ,

. f (x) , [ ; ].
, , -
(1), . .
,- gpf ( ,.) x t ,.

,
:

i
2 gPf (*,)
=i
'X, ,.

,
, [; ].
,

*
= lim

2 gpf (X;) X, ,.
00 i = 1

( 44),
gpxf () [; ].
,
,
,
= f (), x d [ a \ \,

g p \ xf(x) dx, (2).

g ,
1.
. (
1000/3), ,
, 0,4 0 ,7 .
,

(. 148).
(2).
432
 ' , / () = 0,7,
[ 0 ; 0,4], = 0 6 = 0,4.
,
0,4 0,4
P ^ l O O O g ^1 0 , 7 - x d x = 700g 56 g.

, g 9,8 /2, 5 4 8 ,8 .
2. (
900 /3) ,

0 0,7 -R R

\ , j
\
j

*
X R
X
. 148 . 149

R = 5 ,
.
,
. 149. /? = 5,
f (x) = ]/'52 2, * [ 0 ; 5].
(2).
= 900 /3, = 0, 5,

P = 2g- 900 j x j / 5 3 -x2dx = 900g (52 2)3/

= 600 g- 53 75 000 g.
^ 9 , 8 /2, / 3 7 3 5 .
3. .
F .
, s, ,
, F

A=F-s. (1)
F
, .
,
.
15 , . I 433
 f () , /
. F
()
(b) (. 150).
[\ ] ~ - \ -

[xi_ 1\ ] = .
[:-_; *,-]
(1), . . f ({) ;,
() ()
.

. 150

; ,].
[; ]

2 / () - (2)
=1
,
, [; ].

tl
= lim 2 / (;) *,-
-*00 1=1
(2)
/ () [; ].
, (2)
-,

A = ^ f ( x ) dx. (3)

1. ,
0,05 , 1
0,01 ?
F, ,
, . . F = kx,
, k
. , 1 = 0 , 0 1 ,
fe = 100 F = f () = IOOjc. ,
0,05 ,
434
 (3);
0,05
= J I00x dx = 50x2 = 0 ,1 2 5 ( ). 4

2. 20. 10
2 . ,
25 35 .
:
2 = 0 ,0 2 , 20 = 0 ,2 , = 1 0 = 9 8 ,1 , 2 5 = 0 ,2 5
35 = 0,35 . ,
98,1 = & -0,02, . . fc = 4905. ,
F = / () = 4905. = 0,25
0,2 = 0,05 = 0,35 0,2 = 0,15, ,
(3),
0,15 0,15
= 4905 j xd x = 4905^- 49,05 ( ).
0,05 0,05

3. ,
,
, R , .
F,
,

,
, k .
x = R , F = mg,

mg = k ^ , kM = g R

, ,

(3),
a = R , b = R + hi
R
mgRh A
= m gR 2 J ^ = m g R * j 1+- &
R
15 435


10.9. v (t) = (2/2-f-1)

(/). , 5 ,
10.10. ( /) = (2 / + 1 )
(/). ,
t = 1 t 3 .
10.11. , ,
v ( t ) = ( \ 2 t /2) (/). ,
.
10.12.

, (/) = (6 ^ + 40 (/) 1>2 (t) = 4i (/).
250 ?
10.13. v (<)=(4!+)(/)
, , , 2
, 48 .
10.14. v (t) = (6t + 4) (/).
, .
10.15. ,
t = 0 t = 5 ,
v (t) = (9,8/ 0.0032) (/).
10.16.
v (t) ( R t - \ - a y t) (/). ,
/ = 0 / = 4 .
10.17. ,
20 5 , ,
10.18. ,
, , b ( a > b ) ,
. ,
. = 400, 6 = 200 ,
/ = 20 .
10.19. ,
R = 6 ,
.
10.20.
10 6 .
. ,
10.21.
, (
).
10.22. ,
i , , ,
. ,
6 .
10.23. ,
0,1 , 0,01 78 ,
10.24. 4 ,
, 2 1 ?
10.25. 6 2 .
, 6 ?
10.26. 0, = 0,
: .
.
.
0/, ^ -
436


1
1.1. ( - 3 ; 2; 1; 1},
1.2. {0; 1; 1; 2; 2},
1.3. - 1 .
1.4. 0 , {3}, {4}, {5}, {3; 4}, {3; 5}, {4; 5}, {3; 4; 5},
1.5. 1) 2; 2) 4; 3) 8; 4) 26 = 32; 5) 2*0= 24.
1.6. 1) = {3; 5}; 2) | = {0};
3) = 0 ; 4) = = {1; 2; 3}.
1.7. = 0 , ) = {0; - 1 } , = { -1 } .
1.8. 1) = {3; 4; 5; 6}; 2) A U B = { - 7 ; 0; 1; 6; 7; 8; 9};
3) = {1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; 7; 8}; 4) U S = { 1; 0; 1; 2; 3}.
1.9. 1) \ = {4}, \ = { 6 } ;
2) \ = {1; 7; 8}, \ = { - 7 ; 6; 9};
3) \ = = {1; 3; 5; 7}, \ = = { 2; 4; 6; 8};
4) \ = 0 , \ = { 1; 0}.
1.10. \ = {1; 2; 3}, \ = { 1 } , \ 1 = { 2; 1},
1.11. ( \ ) (J ( \ ) (J ( \ ) = {1; 2; 3; - 2 } .
1.12. 1) {0; 5}; 2) ; 0; 4 | ; 3) { -1 ; -2},
1.13. (J = , = , \ = 0 .
1.14. = { 4; 3; - 2 ; - 1 ; 0; 1; 2; 3; 4} = ,
) = { 2; 1; 0; 1; 2},
(J = , = , BUC = C, = .
1.15. = , ) = = { 2; 1; 0; 1; 2},
1.16. W = {1; 2}, B [ ) Z = B , B \ ] Z = Z ,
N ( ] Z = N , ()={1; 2}.
1.17. N c z Z c Q d R .
1.18. 1 = 1 | , = {1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; 7}.
v2 7
1.19. / ^ ==^2
FMFMFiUFi^Fr-, ^,
1.21. 21; 24; 27; 30; 33; 36; 39.
1.22. 11; 13; 17; 19; 23; 29.
3.23. .
1.24. - 2 ; - 1 ; 0; 1; 2; 3; 4.
7 13 139 12 19 627_
1.25. 1) 3 ; 7 ; 79 ; Z) g ;3Q , 1().

1.26. 12; 24; 300.

1.27. 1) 100; 2) 60; 3) 12.
17 27
1.28. ^ , -r^r .
2) IZo
437
1.29. 1) _ 0 , (1); 1 = 0 , (4); 1 = 1 = 0 , 0 5 ; 0, (6); g _ 0 , 2 6 ;

2) 1 = 0,2 (3); = 3, (6); ^ = 0 , 2 1 (6); | | = 1 , (18)!

| ^ = 0 , (846153).
10
41 17 II 94
1.30. 1) 0,(51) = | 4 = ; l.(1 3 ) = l g ; 0, (25) ;
194 114
2,< 125> = 2 ^ ; - 0 ,( 1 1 3 ) = - | ;

2 )0 3 ( 5 1 ) - ^ - ^ - ^ .
( > 10-99 990 330 165
_ 123 1 _0 61 0 0_ 2125 2 2123
( ) 1 10-99 495 10.999 990
1 3112~
- 1 , 3 1 ( 1 2 ) ------1-------- ------31
--------- 1 l3081 ,

. ,2 5 1 3 -2 5 ,2 4 8 8 ,1 2 4 4 , 622
1,^0 ( 1^ = 1 -t---- 557^ = 1 ,
9900 9900 4950 2475
1.31. 1) a + b = 2, (1); a 6 = 1, (4);
2) a~\~b = 0, (65); a - f t = 1,(76);
3) a + 6 = 2,2 (6); a - 6 = 0,l (7).
n , 16 a 3 0% , 200 a 24
1.32.
J 2'7 b 16 ^ 297 b 11
, 517 a 55
^ 405 47
1.36. 1) 0,34919756; 0,35102038; 0,38888887; 2,4142152;
226,045;
2) 3,6124434; 1,3065388; 1,3015873; 1,0355339; 6,0923893.
1.40. 1) V ~ 2 + V~3 a 3,15; V " 2 - V H - 0 ,3 2 ;
2) / " 5 + 0, (15) 2,39; ~ 0, (15) 2,08;
3) | / 3 + >^5 3,97; Y l |A " 5 ~ - 0 ,5 0 ;
4) 1 ^ 6 + 1 ,1 (2) 3,57; j / ~ 6 - 1,1 (2) 1,33.

1.41. 1) " 2 . ~3 2,45; ^ 2 0,82;

V 3_
2) 1 ^ 5 -0 , (15) 0 ,3 4 ; J l A - 14,79;

3) / - f 5 3,87; 0,77;
1^5
4) Y 6 + 1,1 (2) 3,57; 6 - 1,1 (2) 1,33.
1.44. 1) ,= 1 .

2 )4 * , 1 ; 1 ^ 1 - -
43
1.45. 1) * = 1 ,2 3 0,002;
2) * = 0,127 0,001;
3) * = 2,865 0,0004.
1.46. 1) 2 2 ,5 < * < 2 3 ,5 ;
2) 1,49 < * < '1 , 5 1 ;
3) 2 , 4 2 < * < 2,22;
4) 4 , 5 < * < 4,6.
1 1 1
1.47. 1)
15-1,6 3-8 24
1 1 1
2) 150-1,66 _ 3 - 8 3 ~ 2 4 9 '

1.48. 1) ^ = = 0,001626, 0,17%;

2> ' - 74 '8%:

3> w - e - 0' 1396 0 -

1.49. 1) 0,55; 2) 0,13; 3) 2,37; 4) 0,00149.
1.52. 1) * + = 1 1 , 2 0 ,1 ; 2) + = 1,1 0,03;
3) * + (/ = 2,27 0 ,0 7 ; 4) + = 13,3 0,2.
1.53. 1) * = 4,4 0,1; 2) * -/ = 4,1 0 ,0 3 ;
3) = 0 ,2 3 0 ,0 7 ; 4) * = 0,9 0,2.
1.54. 1) 7,52 1,5%, * = 6,52 0,113;
2) 4,305 1,5%, */ = 4,3 0 ,0 7 ;
3) at 1,849 1,1%, = 1,85 0,0204.
1.55. 1) = 1,36 0,0204; 2) = 2 ,8 5 0,05;

3) = 0,1 0 ,0011.

1.56. 1,5%.
1.57. 0,13% ;
2 97761 0,00376 = 2,9776 0,00377 = 2,978 0,00417 =
= 2,978 0,0042 = 2,98 0,0062.
1.58. 0,02 .
1.59. %.
1.60. 0,25 ; .
1.61. 5 ,2 3 - -1; 3,1 1 0 -3; 3,0225- 2; 3,74- 4;
3 - 1 0 - 3; 1 ,2 -1 0 -3.
1.62. I; 0; 2; 1; 5; 3; 2.
1.63. 1) 1, 2 ; 5, 6 ;
2) ;
3) 0, 0, 3 ; 6 ;
4) .
1.64. * = 1 ,2 5 0,01; (/ = (1,25 0,01). 104= 125 1;
= 13,20 0,01; = (1,51 0 ,0 1 ) - 1 0 - 3.
1.65. * = 1,25 0,005; = (1,25 0,005) 10* = 1,25 0,5;
= 1 3 ,2 0,005; = (1,51 0,05)-
1.66. 1) 3,64; 2) 10,0; 3) 2,1 - 103; 4) 1,7-10*.
1.68. ; ;
2 , 1 , 0 ; 1, 5, 0 ; v ,
7, 0, 0, .
1.69. I) 2 1 ; 2) 2, , 1 ;
3) 1 5 ; 4) 2 7 .
1.70. 1) 26,6; 2) 3 ,6 - 106; 3) 31,6; 4) 6,4.
1.71. 1) 6,00; 2) 0,04; 3)^20,9; 4) 3,61.10s.
1.72. 1) 0,162; 2) 0,04; 3) 0,0478; 4) 2 ,8 .10~5.

2.1. 1) ; 2) ; 3) ;
4) ; 5) ; 6) ; 7) .
2.2. 174 3; q *
2.3. , , , .
2.4. .
2.5. 1) {3; 6; 9; 12}; 2) {3; 4; 5; 6};
3) {4; 5; 7; 8; 10; 11}; 4) {7; 8; 9; 10; 11; 12}.
2.6. 1) ; 2) , ;
3) , .
2.7. 1) 2/3; 2) .
2.13. ,
. ,
. ,
.
2.14. 1 4, 2 5;
2 3, 4 6; 1 6, 3 5.
1 6 , .
2.16. ;
.
2.17. , ,
.
2.18. 1) ; 2) , .
2.19. 1) ; 2) ( = 25).

3.1. 1) 5; 6; 2) 11; 8; 3) 3; 11; 4) 4; 8; 5) 9; 15; 6)3; 4 - !

5
7) - i f ; 0; 8) - 1 ; 5; 9) 2 ; ^ 3 ; 10) 2;
J 2
11) 2; 12) ;
3.2. 1) ; 2) ; 3) ; 4) ; 5) ; 6) ;
3.3. 1) 3; 2) ; 3) 6; 2,2; 4) 1; -L - 1 ,

3.4. 1) 10; 2) 3; 3) 5; 4) ; 5) 4; 6) 6; 7) 4; 8) 3; 18; 9) 5; 10)5; 17;

11) 10; 12) 4; 13) 5; 14) 0; 1 .

440
3.5. 1) 3; 2) 2; V 5| 3) j 4) 1; ; 5) 4; 9;

6 ) |; 7) - ; 1; 8) - 1
3.6. 1) (3; 2); 2) (0; - 5 ) ; ( - 3 ; 4); (3; 4); 3) ( - 5 ; - 7 ) ; (7; 5);
4) ( - 3 ; - 4 ) ; (4; 3); 5) (8; 12); ( - 8 ; - 1 ? ) ; 6) (0,2; - 1 ) ;

(0,4; - 0 , 5 ) ; 7) ( - ; ) ; ; | 8> ( 5; 3>! ( 5) ;

9) (1; 0); ( - | ; ; 10) (1; - 2 ) ; ( - 1 ; 2).

3.7. 1) 29; 2) 18; 3) 12; 4) 6; 5) 20; 6) - 4 .

3.8. 1) 9; 2) - 1 ; 3) 9; 4) - I .

3.9. = 4.
3.10. 1) - 5 ; 3; 2) - 4 ; 5; 3)4; 5; 4) - 2 ; - L
3.11. 1) (3; 2); 2) (4; 1); 3) (5; 3); 4) (2; 2); 5) (3; 0);

6) ( 4 . - 7 ) j , x R .

3.12. 1) (0; 0);2) f x ; , x R \ 3) (0;0); 4) (0; 0); 5)

x R \ 6) (0; 0);
3.13. 1) (4; 3); 2) (5; 4).
3.14. 1) (2; 1); 2) ; 3) (3; 2) ;4) f x; J , xR>

3.15. 1) * = ; 2) * = y

3.16. 1) 10,5; 2) k R , k 9.
3.17. a R , 3, 2 ; a = 3
; = 2 .
3
3.18. = 1 ; ^ 2 , 1, = - ,
2
= I = 2, = , 1, /?.

3.19. 1) 18; 2) 3) 92; 4) 165.

3.21. 1) -Li; 2; 2) 1 ; 3) - ; 2.
3.22. 1) 0; 2; 2) 3; 6.
3.24. 1;2; 3.
3.25. 3; 0.
3.26. 1) (1; 4; ); 2) (2; 3; 1); (1; \ 3), y R ; 4) (2; 4; 1),
3.27. 1) (4; 3; 2); 2) (5; 3; 1); 3) (3; 5; 4); 4) (6; 2; 5). ,
3.28. 1); 2) .
1.29. .
".30. 1) (3; 1; 4; 6); 2) (0; 0, 0; 0); 3) (8; 6; 4; 2); 4) (1; 2; 3; 4).
3.31. 1.
3.32. = 2; = 4.
3.33. 1) (2,5; + < ); 2) (0,75; + ); 3) ( ; 4); 4) ( ; 9,75),
441
3.35. 1) < 3 > 2; 2) x R \ 3) < < 6; 4) ;
5 1 2
5) 1; 6) 1 * 4 ; 7) * < x > -g -;

8) 6 < : < 2.
5 3
3.36. 1) 1 < < 1,5; 2) 2,5 < : < 2; 3) * < ^ * > -g ;

4) 0,5 < jc < - i ; 5) 1,25 < < 0,75; 6) : < 5,4 : > 6.
96 28
3.37. 1) * < 2; 2) > 4; 3) 5,25 < ; < 2; 4) - - j < < -g- .
3.39. s = 21.
3.40. s 12.
3 .4 1 . ------------------

1 2 3

1 20 20 0
2 10 0 10

4.1. 1) 125; - 1 ; ^ ; -9 ,2 6 1 2) 7; I; 3) 51; 9; - ;

4 = -
3 30
24,73; 4) 4 ;
" 2 : -
4.2. 1) /?; 2) R- 3) \{ 3 } ; 4) R \ { \ } \ 5) \ { ; 4 ) ; 6 ) [0; + ).
4.5. , .
^ I 2 5 + 4 + 5 .
4.0. 1) = " * + -3 ; 2) (/ = ;3) y = j - ^ - 4)
; 5) ; 6) .
4.7. 1); 2) , ; 3) ,
; 4) ; 5) ; 6) , ; 7)
, ; 8) , .
4.8. 1) ; 2) ; 3) ; 4) .
4.9. 1) 2).
4.10. 1) 3).
4. . ; ; .
4.15. 1) ; 2) ; 3) ; 4) .
4.16. 1) = 2; = 15; 2) 8 = 9; 3) .
1
4,19.. 1) (2,1+1) 2"; 2) ^ ; 3) ; 4)
( + I) 2 + 1 5) ,7 7 -
4.2!. : 1); 2); 5); 6); 7); 10); 11); : 3); 4);
8); 9); 12).
4.24. : 1); 2); 5); 6); 7); 8); 10); : 3); 4);
9); 11).
4.30. > 9; > 99.
4.31. > 28; > 2998.
4.32. > 26; > 251.
4.33. 1); 3); 6) ; 2);'4); 5) .
4 . 1)- . ; 2) 0; 3) - j ; 4) ; 5) - ; 6) ; 7) 2; 8) ;

4.35. 1); 2).

4.36. 1); 2); 3); 4); 5); 6); 9); 10); 7); 8).
4.37. 1) ; 2 ) 1 ;3 ) } ;4 ) - ^ .

4.38. 1) | ; 2 ) - 3 4 3 ; 3) | ; 4 ) - f .

4-39- ' 2) 13S : 3 ) 8 > ; 4) - 10S = 5) - 32 > 6> 3 i S j -

4.41. 1) 253; 2) ; 3) 12; 4) 4; 5) 3; 6) 0; 7) 10; 8 ) ~ ; 9 ) 1 ;

10) 1 .
4.42. 1) 0, ;
2) 0, ;
3) ; 4)
0, ; 5)
; 6) 2,
.
4.43. 0; 1.
4.44. 1 ; 0.

4.45. - 1 ; 2) 1 ; 3) 1; 4) 0; 5) 1,
4.46. 3.
4.47. 1) 5; 2) 0; 3) j ,
4.48. 1) ; 2) = 0,
; 3) = 0,
; 4)
; 5) = 1,
.
4.49. 1) - 3 ; 2) 5; 3) ; 4) 0; 5) 4; 6) 1 ; 7) ; 8) 2; 9) ;

10) 1 ; 11) 1 ; 12) 3; 13) - ^ 1 ; 14) 4; 15) - 5; 16) 1 .

5
5.1. 1) 150; 2) 4800; 3) 60; 4) 180; 5) 30; 6) 0,3; 7) 5; 8) 0,06.
5.2. 1) j ; 2) 1 ; 3) - J ; 4) - | ; 5) 2; 6) 4; 7) 3; 8) 2; 9) 2- 10) 0,3.

443
5.3. 1) 2; 2) 4; 3) 1; 4)1,5; 5) 500; 6) 288; 7) 2j 8) ^ |) 2] 10) j .

5.4. 1) 5; 2) 3; 3) 2; 4) 2; 5) 8; 6) 5.
5.5. 1) 8;2) 4; 3) 3; 4) 125; 5) ~ ; 6) ~ I 7) - i ! 8)4} 9) 8)
10) 216.

5.6. 1) a ~ (a T 1 ) ; 2) 5 a 2 b~ 1 ,3 a 2 + b ~ ) ; 3) x { y ~ zT ) 1
1
4)5x 3 (2* 1).
1 2
5.7. 1) x3 ; 2) 65 ,
L L L
Q:l b3 2x3 - -
5.8. 1) 2 a 3 b3 ; 2) ; 3) - ; 4) *3 - 3 .

1 \ 1,7 f \ \ 0,8
5.9. 1) 95 < 96 ; 2) 2M > 20.8; 3)

4) 42 > 41"67; 5) ( | ^ 3 > 1 6) 8" > 33.1*;

( )^-. 10) ( A ) ^ - <

5.10. 1) 4; 2) 4; 3) 48; 4) 1 ; 5) - G ; 6)

5 . . 1) ; 2) _ ; 3) - 1 ; 4) 0; 5) 6) - ; 7);

]/7 8
8) ; 9) y ; 10) ; 11) 0; 12) 0.
5.12. 1) 2;2) 4; 3) 4; 4) 4 ;' 5) 3; 6)4.
10 9 7 I
5.13. 1) 5; 2) - j ; 3) ; 4) - i ; 5) 2;6) 4; 7) 16; 8) 1 ; 9) 25;
10) 200.
5.14. 1) 0; 2) I ; 3) 2; 4) 1; 5) 2; 6) 2 .
5.15. 1) 0,682; 2) 2,322; 3) 0,307; 4) 0,352.
5.16. 1) Y = S xsS 4; 2) oo < x < ~ ; 2 sS 3; 3) -i- < x < 6;
.3 7
} 5 < X< 2
5.19. 1) /?, [1; + )
2) /?, ( ; 0)
3) /?, (0; + )
4) R, [1; -f-oo)
5) /?, ( 1; 0]
6) /?, ( ; 1),
7) /?, (2; + )!
444
5.23. 1) x R , 0; R'<
2) x R , 0\ /?;
3) /?+ ; [0; + );
4) R+; [0; + ) ;
5) ( ; 0); /?;
6) (os; .0); /?+ .
5.26. .
5.28. 1)0; 2) 0; 3) 0; 4) 3; 5) 3; 6) 2; 7) 2,5; 8) ~ ; 9) 0; 2; 10) 1.

5.29. 1) 9; 2) 1; - ; 3) 1; 4) 2; 7; 5) 1; 6) 1,5; 7) 2; 8) 2;

9) log2 [ V ? 1), a $ s
5.30. 1) 3; 2) 1; 3) 0; 4) 0; 4; 5) (/"3 ; 6) 3 ; 7) 7.
65
5.31. 1) - 1 ; 2) 0; 3) 1; 2; 4) ^ ; 5) 5; 6) 1;2; 7) 30; 100; 8) 1; 10;

9) 9; 10) 2; 4.
- 1 _L
5.32. 1) 1; 2) 10; 10 2 ; 3) 10 2 ; )-*; 4) 2; 3; 5) 7; 6) - 1 ;

7) 7; 8) 13; 9) 2; 10) 0,01; 10; 11) 2;12) 30; ,

5.33.1) > 3; 2) > 1; 3) > log 13; 4) < 1 > 3; 5) < 0
> 1; 6) < loga 3; 7) < 1 > 2; 8) x R .
5.34. 1) ( - ; 2]; 2) [1,5; + ) ; 3) ( - ; - 2 ] ; 4) (2; 3); 5) ( - 1 ; 1);
6 ) (0 ; 2 ).
5.35. 1) y ; 2 ) l ^ < * < l y ; 3 ) * < |i ; 4) 5 < * < 7 , 5 ;
5)* 3 * 0,05; 6) 0,4 < < 0 , 6 ; 7) 2 < < 2 , 5 ; 8) 0,2 < * < 0 , 4 ;
9) 7 < < 1 ; 10) 1 ,4 2 < * < 1 , 5 ; 11) 6 < * < 4 2 <
< * < 4; 12) < * < 1 4 < < -f- ; 13)0,58 <* <
< 0,4; 14) 1,25 < * < 1,23 * > 1.
5.36. 1) * > 8; 2) 10; 3) 1 < * < 2; 4) * > 4;
5)0 < * < 2; 6) 0 < * < * > 32;
7) 2 < * < 3; 8) * > 1; 9) 1 < * <[3;
10) i < * < > 1 ; ll ) 0 < * < i= H * > y ,
5.37. 1) 1,39; 1,13; 1,75; 2,79; 4,27; 2,55; 0,47; 0,75;
2) 22,5; 108; 229; 89,9; 36,7;_208. _
5.38. I, ( I ; 0); 2) 3, ( ; ; 4, ( _ ) ;

5.39. 1) + 2/, kZ\ 2) nk, k ^ Z ; 3) - { ~nk, kZ]

4) + 2 k, k Z \ 5) nk, k Z \ 6) nk, k Z ,
5.40. 1) ; 2) 4; 3) 3; 4) 1.

5.41. 1) + 2 , 2) 2nk, k Z \

445
 3) 6, k Z ; 4) j + 2- j k , k Z .
5.42. 1) 0,6018; 2) 0,8660; 3) 1,1578;
4) 0,6494; 5) 0,5878; 6) -0 ,8 0 9 0 .
4 3
5.43. c o s a = 0,6; t g a = j ; c t g a = j .

5.44. s i n a = 0,6; c o s a = 0,8; t g a =

5.45. 1) ; 2) ; 3) ; 4) ; 5) .
5.46. 0,6572.

5.47.
b
25
5.48. _ 2.

5 .5 . 1) 2 ; 2 ) l ; 3 ) - L , ; 4 ) 1, _

5.5.. 1) ; 2) 1; 3) ; 4) ; 5) ; 6) 0 ^ 1 .

5.52. 1) ^ ; 2) 0; 3) 1; 4) - ; 5)1; 6) 0.

5.53. 1) c o s3 a ; 2) ; 3) 1; 4) ]/^ 3 c o sa ; 5) t g a c t g P ; 6) cos2ficos3P

36
5 85'
56
5.55. - g g .
63 33
65 65'
2
5.58. 1) k , Z ; 2) , Z ;

3) + 2 /fe, Z ; 4) /5:Z.
5.59. 1) ]/"3"; 2) tg 22 0,4040; 3) 1; 4) 1.
5.60. He .
5.61. 1.
5.62. j.
5.63. 1) - y ; 2) ; 3) 1; 4) - 1 ; 5) j ; 6) - ^ 3 ; 7) - 1
8) 1; 9) 2; 10) 5.
5.65. - 2 _ - L - . I
10 >^10 3 '
5.66. 3 1
10 Y 10 ' 3 '
5.67. 1) ctg2 a ; 2) sin 2a; 3) tg ; 4) 1.
5.69. 1) n-\ -2nk ink , k Z \
2) i n k 2n-\-Snk, k Z ;
446
 3 ) ^ ( 1 + 2 k), k Z ; 4) nk, k Z<

5.70. 1) (cos 10 cos 30); 2) (sin75 + sin 15);

3) j (sin 60- s i n 10); 4) 1 (cos 75 + cos 35);

5) (cos 2 a cos 2x); 6) - i- (sin 2* + sin 2a);

7) -L (cos 2*-f- cos 2a).

5 .,,. ! M 1' - ; 3) } 1 ; 4) i,

6 , = ? ; 6 , = 1 .

5.72. I) ^-7 ; 2) ; 3) c o s a ; 4) sin 2a.

5.74. 1) 1 ^ 2 + F f ; 2) 0; 3) ; 4) ; 5) + | / 3 ;

6) 0; 7) 0; 8) - K 2 - / T ; 9) - J ^ ; 10)
5.75. 1) c o s a ; 2) s i n a ; 3) c o s a ; 4) 1/~3 s in a ;
5) ctg 2a; 6) sin a .
5.76. 1) 4'sin ^ 4 5 4 - y ^ cos ^15 y j ;

2) 4 s i n f l 5 - | ) c o s ( l50 4 - j )

3) 2 s i n f 3 0 + - | J cos ( 0 - -

4) 4 sin f 30 ~ ~ \ cos ^30 -j-

5) 2 c o s ( 3 0 + . j ) c o s ( 3 0 - | ) :

6) 2 sin ^ 3 0 - ) - y ^ sin ^ 30 -

7) 2 cos2 ; 8) sin2 .
5.78. 0.
5.79. 1) * j + , k Z - , 2) - | ^ + 2 * , fegZ ;

3) n-\-2nk, k Z ; 4) k, k Z ' ,
^
5) ~ + 2nk, k Z \ 6) + 2, k Z .

5.80. 1) 2 cos 2a; 2) 2 cos a ; 3) 2 sin a ; 4) g !

5) s i n a ; 6) cos2 a ; 7) sin2 a ; 8) 0; 9) 0; 10) i.
5.83. ~ .
4
447
5.85. 1) nk, k Z \ 2) 2nk, kZ;
3) - J + f k, fegZ; 4) - J + f k, k Z ,

5.86. 1) f + C33 : . 2) Lt ..^ . 3)

1 +CO S
4)
(2a~ l )

8.87. 1) _ i + j t f e , k Z ; 2) y f e , k Z ] 3) 2nfe, 4) fe, k Z .

.88. 1) 2 sin 27 cos 27; 2) cos? 5 3 - s ln ? 53; 3) j r f ga ^ t

4) 2 sin 2j3 cos 2|3; 5) cos? 1,5a sin? 1,5a; 6) 2 s i n ^ i

X cos : 7) cos2 ^ y + a j sin? j 8) 2 sin j X

X cos |- ; 9 ) cos2j sin 2 j ; 10) 2 sin ^ j cos (- } -

5.89. 1) l j
2
2) 1; 3) O ; 4) 5) I; 6) - ^ 3 ,
24 7 24 .3
5.90. 1) 25 ; 2) - 2 5 ; 3) T ; 4 ) -j.
7 24
5.91. c o s 2 a = ; tg a =

5.02. 16
169
5.93. 2 sin a > sin 2a.

5.94. 1) sin 80; 2) | / " 3 ; 3) cos 2a; 4) ,

5.96. 1) _ i ; 2) f ; 3) ; 4) | ; 5) , 6) f , 7) 0S

5.97. 1) ; 2) 0; 3) ^ ; 4) f ; 5) ^ ; 6) f ; 7)

5.98. 1 ) . ; 2) J;3 ) 4) 5) 0.

5.99. I) i ; 2) ; 3) ; 4) ; 5) j 6)
5.100. 1) 5518'; 2) 2354'; 3) 246'; 4) 166; 5) 6530'; 6) 8247';
7) 156'; 8) 17950'. '

5.101. 1) 2; 2) ; 3) t * . ; 4) I ; 5) jA 3; 6)^ 3 ; 7) , 8) V~3 ;

9) -J ; 10) .

g.102. 1) 2) 3) - 2 ^ 2 ; 4) - ,

448
 11 . 7
5 . 103.
; " : '
7 11
5 .1 0 4 .
1 2 ~ '

6 . 106. 1) + 2, feg Z ; 2) nk, feg Z ; 3) ( - 1 ) * ? L + n k, fe g Z ;

4) ( _ i ) * + i ^ . + n f e , f t g r ; 5 ) ( - l ) * ^ + | f e , f e g Z ; 6 ) ( - l ) * + i X

A2"; 7) ( _ i ) * + i ^ L + 2 n f t >- * ^ ; 8) ( - 1 ) * - ^ +

+2, feg Z ; 9) ( 1) - |+ , fe Z ; 10) ( 1)A+1X

X arosin feZ .

5 .1 0 7 . 1) _ i - f 2 j i f e , fe g Z ; 2) - ^ + , fe Z ; 3) ^ + 2 n k , fe Z ;

4) ^ - 2 , fe Z ; 5) * Z ; 6) ~ + ^ k,

fe Z ; 7) l j+ 2nk, kZ;, 8) ^ - L + 4nA, k Z;

1
a rc c o s-j
9) 4arccos + 8 , fe Z ; 10) -------- ------- }-lfet fe g

5 .1 0 8 . 1) y + f f t . *2; 2) - j + j k , kZ- 3) jk , fe Z ;

4) - f + f A. * * 5 5) y + 2nfe, fe g Z ; 6) - y - + 2nfe, fe Z ;

7 ) ^ + - 2 ' . * 2 ; 8) 45 + 90fe, fe Z ;9 ) + arctg 3 - |- n fe, feZ ;

10) y + a r c c t g 2-\-nk, fe Z ,

5.109. 1) j + 2nk, fe g Z ; 2) -^ + 2, feg Z ; 3) ^ l + 2 mfe,

JT 1
feg Z ; 4) -^- + fe aro tg + , fe g Z ; 5) y a r o c t g 2 + /

2 1 + ^ fe, fe g Z ; 6) j + nk, fe g Z ; 7) f + n f e , fe g Z ;

8) i j "b^fe, fe ^ Z ; 9) -./, fe Z ; 10) a rc tg 2-j-ftfe,

fegZ .
5.110. 1) n fe, fe g Z ; 2) - + /, feg Z ; 4 + 2. 3) i
u o z fe,
. m I , . , 2 . 2 , .
fe Z ; 4) fen ^ Z ; 5) -g--j g - fe - g - fe, fe Z;

449
 _ 2 , , S- r-r i-r\ . , , , l, / ? 04 U ; -
6) - - , k Z ; 7) ^ + ^ '8""'4" ^ Z ; 8) ^ , **.

9) " f t , f tg Z ; 10) - % + n k f + f -, A g z ,

5.111. 1)- + , Z ; 2) -2--|-, 6gZ; 3) a ro tg 2 +

4
a r c t g y + + H f t , k Z - , 4 ) + a r o t g - |- , ft g Z ; 5)
1
+ aro tg + /, k Z ; 6) + a rc tg + , f tg

7) ~ - \ - n k , f tg Z ; 8) ^--\ ~nk i - j - , k Z ; 9) -^-+

Z

g Z ; 10) nk + , kZ\ 11) 2 + 2 , ft Z ;

12) + 2 2 a rc tg 0 ,7 5 + 2, f tg Z .

5.112. 1) j k , f tg Z ;'2 ) + , ft Z ; 3) f + ^ +
, , t , , , _ _ - arocos0,75
+ - , f t Z ; 4) + , 6Z; 5) -------------^-----|- ,

k Z \ 6) , Z ; 7) , ftg Z .

5.113. 1) | + y * , * g Z ; 2 ) + , * g Z ; 3 ) f + , Z ; 4 ) ,

f tg Z ; 5) - | + , f t Z ; 6) 2, f tg Z ; 7) ( 1)*

X a r c s l n y + , ft Z .

5.114. 1) , g Z ; 2) + , *gZ; 3) + , g Z ;

4) - + , /e ^ Z ; 5) ( - 1 ) + , f tg Z ; 6) + 2,

kZ.
5.115. 1) ( 1)* + 1 + , kZ;

2) ( - 1 ) * + , kZ; 3) + ^ , ftg Z :

4 ) (2 + 1 ), *gZ; 5) - + 2 , * g Z ;

6) + a rc tg 2 + , 6Z;

7) " + a rc tg - ) - , Z,

5.116. 1) + + , ^;

2) + 2 - 5 + 2 , Z;

 7) ^- +- n k -g-(4ft-{-3), kZ;
8) 2nk 2 (nk a rc tg 3), kZ.

6
6.1. 720 /.
6.2. 50 /.
6.3. 1) v0 /; 2) v0-\-at0 /.
6.4. l) 2 /; 2) 28 /; 3) 10 /.
6.5. 1) - U ; 2) 3) 3tl-
' ' (3 + W ' UT2 f / T '
6.6. 1) 2x0; 2; 10; 2) 4*0; 4; 20; 3) 2(* 0 + 3); 8; 16;
4) 3* + 2; 5; 77; 5) 1 = ; i I - 4 = I
2 ^ *0 2 2^ 5
6) -3 * 2; - 3 ; - 7 5 ; 7) _ L ^ _ 2 * 0; - 1 ; 1 = -1 0 .
2M o 2 2 J/^ 5
6.7. 1)1; 2) 2 * + l ; 3) U + 2 * ; 4) 3*2+ _ i ^ ;
2 * 2 x

5) 3*2+ 2 * + ^ 7 = - ; 6) 4 + 3*2; 7) 3 + 2* + 3*2.

6.8. 1) 8; 2 )+ 3) _ f ; 4)

5) 5 9*2-J ;6) 2 * - 8 ; 7) 4 r > _ I *2 ^

J/ X 1
8) * 2 Y~x\ 9) 1 + 2 6 * - 3*a + 36*3- 15 *1.

6.11.1) JJ; 2) 3) 3; 4) 1 ; 5) ; 6) _ I > .

6-13. / (g) = lg 2 * + 9 lg * + 17,

8() = ^~-\-~-^+ , g r/) = ig (*2+ * )+,

A (/)= ^ + ^ + ^ 1 + ^ - 2 A^ = ^ l I 7 T 3 +

+ ___lg^ + 2
lg 2 * + 6 lg * + 10 '

6-14. y = f ( g ) , 1) f ( x ) = Y ~ x , g ( * ) = *2 + 3 * + 4 ; 2) / (*) = -L ,

g (* ) = *2 + 5 * + l ; 3) f (x) = Y x ' 1. 2*, g (*) = ^ *;

451
 4) f(.x) = \ i x , g (x ) = 3x2 + x + 4; 5) f ( x ) = - y = ,

g (x ) = 3 - l g x ; 6) f (x) = ~ , g(x) = x*+x*; .

7> + ^ + ' =
8)/W = 4 - . + lg (l+ ^ Six)^=r~x.
6.15. 1) 6 (x? + 5) (x3+ 1 5 x + 23); 2) : (x? 3)S?
n 2 ( l + x ) ( l 2* X2) 3 ( * ? + + 1 ) ? ( 5 + 6 - 5 22xsx4)
3) l y i i ___ y \ 3 4 ' 7 7 5 ___ Q v 2 ____ 1

6.16. 1) (x + 2 ) e * ; 2) (2x3+ 3x2+ 2 x ) *+*{

3) ( 2 - 2- 1 ) ~ * ; 4) ((2:3 + :) i n 2 + l) .2 3* + * a;
5 (3 + 1Ox 4- 3x1 + (6jc? -f- I Ox3 + 2x4) In 4)-4*2;
6) (2 3x) e~x (2x + 3) In 14-14*2+ 3* + ;
7) 2 (x2 + 3x) e ~ * 2;8) (2x -j- 3x2 -|- (xi + x3 1) (5 2x) In 2) x
- x 2+5x+-^r
X2 ;
9) ( 3 x ? + 2 x + 7 + 2 x ( x + 1 8 ) (x2- f x + 7 ) in 3) 3*2+ 3*+W.
6.17. 1) 6 x l n x + " -x-~ ;
2x in x x _
2> U = T j? ( V - 1" " ) 1 3) 3 In2 x
4) a *8 ^2 x in a in (x2 + 4 x + 12) + - ;

5) + ^in (*_f_ 5) + _ L ^ ;

6 ,3 , + , + - , + ^ ^ 1 .

6 .1 8 . 1) lOOx89; 2) 5x*} 3) ------;

10 V x3

4) 5 / ( x+ ^ ) ( I + 2 ^ ) 5)
6x8+ 7xB+ x 3+ 2 x + 3 292
77..-:-,
(x2 + l) 3'

' 42x ' ' { / xi8 x i
8) " 5 ~ 1; 9) _1;
10) 5 ( 2 ~ & - ^ ^ + 1) ' ( ^ 7 _ + 92 + 7 * ;
\ 3 J
, 3 ( l g ^ - ; + , . / - + ,2 I' ^ ( 5- 1L _ + _ J _ - ) ;

12) 10 + * +

6.19. 1) 5; 2> 1 ; 3) 4) 4; 5) 2; 6) .
6.20. ) 2 cos 2; 2) a cos ax; 3) 3 sin ;
4) a sin ax; 5) 2 cos 2x -f- 3 sin 3x;
452
 6) 1+ 2 sin 2*; 7) 6*? + 15 sin 10*; 8) cos 3*; 9) cos 2*.
8.21. 1) c o s * * s in * ; 2) s in * + * c o s * ;
3) cos 2*; 4) 2 cos 2* cos 3* 3 sin 2* sin 3*;
5) a cos a* cos bx b sin a* sin bx; 6) sin 2*;
7) 3 cos? * sin *; 8) a sin 2a*;
9) na s i n " -1 a* cos ax\ 10) na c o s"-1 ax sin a*.
6.22. 1) 4 + 2 tg 2 2* + 2 ctg2 2*; 2) ctg * - * (1 + c t g 2 *);
3) 3 tg 2 * (1 + tg 2 *) + 3 ( 1 + t g 2 3*); 4) - 2 ( l + c t g ? 2 * ) -
4 t g 2 * ( l + t g 2 2*); 5) 2 cos 2*; 6) 2 sin 2*;
7) 2a tg ax (1 + t g ? ax); 8) (4* 1) cos (2*? *);
9) sin 2*; 10) cos * 2 sin 2 * + 3 (1 + t g 2 3*).
6.24. 1) s l n y ! 2) c o s 3*; 3) co sa* ;
4) 2* cos (* 1) *2 sin (* 1); 5) 2 cos (3 + 2*) 2 sln (3 + 2*);
. 6) 24 sin2 4* cos 4*; 7) l + t g ? 3 * ; 8) 6 (tg? 3* t g 2 2*);
9) 24 tg 2 4* (I + tg? 4*); 10) 24 ctg 2 2* (1 + ctg? 2*).
6.25. 1) 7 ; 2) ; 3) - - W
1 49*? K l - a 2*? 1 - n 2*2

6.30. 2* arcsin * +

a ____ _ mn

6.34.
. O l . Z2* arccos
X d * ----------
l O lU o r .

6.35. 0.
m
1+ n2*?

2x
6.40. 2* aro tg *2+ j j j
 4 a ro tg 2*
6 -4 5 1+4*
6.46. 2* arcctg * - y - ~ - ^ .

fi 47 g ^ 2- 1)
6-47- *4+6* +
6.48. 0.
6.49. 1) 5*4 24*3 24**;
2) J ----- - 2 ((56*7+ 2* V ! ) ( Y l t - 1)-
( / * -0 2
1
(7*8 + ]/" 2 jc? + 1 / - 5));
2 ]/" *
3) (3 - 2* - 10*) ( j / T + 3 * 7 - 8) + (3* - *2 - *i*)^- 1 = + 21*6^ ;

4) ( 10*+33*1 + - | * - / l n * + * s + 3*1P+ *~ $'7;

5) ( 2 ( * + 1 + \ + ^ = ' - >;

6) ^ l + - i 7= + 1 2 ( l n ^ + y / / ? ) ^ 3,

6.50. 1) f s l n * + - ^ ' ) , n g ; 2) ^ = 4 (* + 3)3,

V 2
t/" = 12 (* + 3)2, " i/'" = 24 (* + 3), j/IV = 24, j/V _ j^VI = , , , = 0 ;

3) cos ( * + - x ) n e 4) / = *' + 2*. / = * + 2.

y ' " = (/>v = . . . = ex ; 5) y 1= 5*4 + ex, y" = 20*3 + e*,
/" '= 0 * + * , (/iv = 1 2 0 * + e x , yV= 1 2 0 + e* i/Vi = ^ v n = - - > = e *.
6) 2e2* + 3 sin ( + f - j , n N.
6.51. 70.
6.54. 1) 3,003; 2) 1,4435; 3) 2,89; 4) 3,11; 5) 1,442; 6) 3,08,
G.55. 1) 4,0208; 2) 1,995; 3) 5,00177; 4) 0,484; 5) 0,05; 6) 0,0175;
7) 0,965; 8) 1,037; 9) 0,03.

7
1 1 3
7.1. 4* l , ' ~4 * + - 4 ; = * = 0 ;

/ = 4* 1, if = 1
J * +, '13
J-
1 7
7 . 2. / = * + 1 , = 3 -* + 1; ~ = > = .
7.3. 45; 0; 45,
7.4. ); 0.
7.5. (1; 0).
7.6. 45.
7.7. 2; 2; 4; 4.
7 8. 45 0 135.
7.9. v (1) = 4 (/), a (1) = 2 (/2); > (3) = 8 (/), a (3) = 2 (/2).
454
7.10. 54 (/2).
7.13. 210,25 ().
7.14. 430 .

7.16. = 2ct + b\ = 2 ; / = ^ - .
7.17. 23 .
7.18. 1) 1,00201 /(- ); 2) 1,013 /(- ).
7.19. v = k A e -* * .
7.20. /J; 2) /?; 3) ( ; 0)(J
U (0; + ) ; 4) ( ; 5) (J (5; + ) ; 5)
; 11 ^ ---- ; + ^ ; 6)
( ; + ); 7) ( ; 1)
( 1; + ); 8) ( ; 1) (0; 1),
( 1; 0) (1; + ) ; 9) ( ; 1)
(1; + ), ( 1; 1); 10) ^ ; -|-

; + ) ; 11) ( ; 1)
(1; + ), ( 1; + 1 ) ; 12) ( ; 1)
^ 1; -g- j , ^ ; + ^ .

7.21. 1) = 2; 2) = 3; 3)
= Y 2 = ~ 2, = 0; 4)
* = ; 5) = 4, * = 4; 6)
; 7) ; 8) 0; 9)
* = 0; = 2\ 10) jc 0;
11) * = ; 12) = 1 .
7.22. 1) ( ; 2), ( 2 ; + ) ;
2) /?; 3) ( ; 1)
(1; + ), ( 1; + 1 ) ; 4) R.
7.23. 1) ( ; 1), ( 1; + ) , = 1
, 1) = 4; 2) ( ; 2

((
3 ; +. \J , =
3 , ;, min =
/ 3 \ 37
= f f - j j = ----j - ; 3) ( oo;. 2),
(2;+ ), 2 , / = /(2 ) = 7 ; 4)
( ; 2), ( 2 ;+ ) , = 2 ,
f max = f (2) = 0; 5) ^ ; - ,

( j ; + = ) , = - ^ , / = f [ - i N; = 2 ;
6) ( ; 5), (5; + ) , * = 5
, / = / (5) = 0;7) ^ ; .-i-^ ', -

[( ---- 1 + , J ^, = ---- -
1 , / min =

455
 = / ^ ----- ; ( ; 1),
( 1 ; + ) , = \ , / 1 = /( 1 ) = 2,
7.24. 1) = 2\ 0; 2) = 1; 3) = > =
; 4) * = 0 = -\- 6; 5) * = 1 = 3; 6) *=~1,
* = 1 (/ = 0.
7.25. 1) ; /?; ,
; ;
( 1; 0), (1; 0), (3; 0)
(0; 3); f () > 0 ( 1; 1) (3; + ), / () < 0 ( ; 1)
( , 2
(1; 3); ) I ; 1-------g I

/ 2 ~3 \(. 2 V~3 , ,2 ] / 3 \
( 1 4-----g ; + J , ^ 1-----^ ; 1 ------ ^ J |

2 1/ 3
= \ g , / 3,06,

2 V "3 -
1 -\----- g , fmm ; 3,06; ( ; 1)
(1; + ); 1 ; 2)
: R ; ; ;
( 3; 0), ( 1; 0); (1; 0), (3; 0)
(0; 9); / () > 0 ( - ; 3),, ( 1; 1)
(3; + ) , f () < 0 ( 3; 1) (1; 3); ;
{ - V 5; 0) ( V 5; + ), ( ; 5)
(0; 1 , jc = 0; / = 9,
= 5, /mln = '6 ;

( ~ ; ) - )

; 3)
; R; ; ;
( 3; 0) ( 3; 0)
(0; 3); ) < 0 ( : 3)
( 3; + ) , f( x ) > 0 (- 3; 3) ; ;
( ; 1) (0; 1), ( 1; 0) (1; + );
= 1, f maK 4,
= 0,[/ = 3; ( ; \! 3) ( 1 /| 3; + )

( 1/ 3; 1I V 3); * = j / ^ ---- ;

4) : ^ ; j ^ ------L. ; 2 ^ U (2; -foo);

, ;
; (1; 0)
^0; ; / ( * } > 0 ; y j (1;2),

f () < 0 ^ ---- ; 1 ^ (2; + ) ; :

= ---- = 2; = 0 >- ; -

456
 ;
; ^ ; (*; 2)

; 0 ) (2; + ) , 0 0,83 ; 5)
: ( ; 1)U( 1; 2 ) U ( 2 ; .+ . );
, ; ;

( : ~ ) ' W > 0 ( ; 1) (2; + ), f ( x ) < 0
( 1; 2); : * + 1 = 0 = 2,
= 0 * ; ( ; 1)
^ "5") > ; 2 j (2; + );
1 4
* = > fmax ---- ^ I ( ; 1)
(2; + ) ( 1; 2); ; 6)

: f ; j j - 'j l l f 4 - ; ;
, ; ,
( 1; 0) (2; 0)
^0; j ; / () > 0 ; ( 1; 2),

/() < f > (2; -f- ); :

3 1 , 5
--- g -, = ---- 2" ^ + * >;)- ;

/ 3 + ~7 ( 3 -3 + /" 7
I ----------^------ ; 2 V "2 -------- -----
/ 3 + 1 ^ 7 \ / - 3 + 1 ^ 7 , \
( I ; ------ ^------ 1 I -------^------- ; + I ;

-3 + ^ 7 ( \-Y ~ l
= ------- ^------- / = --------2-----

3 + ^ 7 , |/ " 7 + 4
---------- ^------ , / mi n = --------------------------------------------- 2-----------

^ ; ^ ^ ---- -- ; + ^ ; ;
7) : ( ; 0 )(J (0; + );
, ; ;
(1; 0); (2; 0)
; f () > 0 (0, 1) (2; + ), f () < 0
( ; 0) (1; 2); : = 0, = 3
* > ; ( ; 2)
( 2; -f-), ( 2; 0) (0; 2);
= 2, / = (2 2 + 3 ) ,
2, /mln = 2}/" 2 3; (0; + )
( ; 0), ; 8) -
457
 : ( _ ; 2 )(J (2; 3)U (3; + );
, ; ;

^0; -jr'j ;/( * )> 0 ( ; 2) (3; + ), / () < 0 (2; 3);
: = 2 * = 3; = 0

> ; ( ; 2) ^2 ; j ,

5 \ 5
; 3 J (3; + ); = , / = 4;
( ; 2) (3; + ) (2; 3);
; 9) : ( ; 2 )(J(2; 2 )U
U (2; + ); ; ;
(3; 0) (3; 0)

( V ; /(* ) > 0 ( ; 3); (2; 2) (3 ;^ ),

/ () < 0 (3; 2) (2; 3); : = 2
* = 2; f / = l > ;
(0; 2) (2; + ), ( >; 2) (2; 0); -
0,- / min = ; (2; 2)
( ; 2) (2; + ) ; ; 10)
: t( ; 0 )U (0; + );
, ; ;
, ; f () > 0
; : = 0 , = 1
> ; .
, ; ( ; In V 2 )
( 2; 0) ( 0 ;+ ) ; In 2
; 11) : (0; + );
, ; ;
(1; 0) ;
/ () < 0 (0; 1), f () > 0 (1; + ) ; ;
0; ) , ( ; '+ ) ; = ------ -
/ \ '/
, /min = ~ \ ;
.
7 .2 6 .1 ) [ - 0 ,5 ; 0,5]: / . = / (- 0 ,5 ) = 1,375, / . = / (0,5) =
= - 1 ,3 7 5 ; [ - 1 , 5 ; 2J: / . = / ( 0 = 2, f aaM. = / (1) = - 2
2) [ - 1 ; 1]: / 5. = / (0) = 9, /. = / (1) = / ( - 1 ) = _ 16
[0; 3j: /. = / (3) = 0, /, / ( 2 ) = 25; [ 3; 5]
/. = /(5 ) = 416, /. = / ( - 2 ) = / ( 2 ) = - 2 5 ; 3) ( - 0 ,5 ; 0,7)
/ . = / (0,7) = 3,7399; / , . = / (0) = 3; [ - 2 ; 0]: / . =
= / ( 1) = 4, /. = / (2) = / (2) = 5; [ - 2 ; 2]: / 6 =
= / ( ! ) = / ( - ! ) = 4, /, = / (-*-2) = / (2) = 5; [0; 4[:
/ . = / (1) = 4j_/ . = / (4) = 221; 4) [6; 1J: / 6, =
= f i - 6 ) = 8 * / 3 6 , / . = / ( 1)3; [ - 2 ; 1]: / . = f ( - 2 ) =
4 ^ / 4, /. = / (0) = 0.
7.27. 6 6 3 .
458
7.28. x f
7.29. 1 ; 7 /.
7 .30.512 3. ______

7 .3 ,. ,) J L j ; >

^2
7.32. 2 .

7.34. 1 .

7.35. - 1 ,
7.36. , ' ,
, R .
7.37. KD
.

7.38. x = 2d + ^ ; (/ = 2 6 + | / ,

7.39. = ; R = = 0,16 , 1 = 9 ,8 .
16 2
7.40. = -
31^3 ~
8
8.3. 1) ; 2) ; 3) ; 4)
8.4. 2 fe-
8.5. 1) *2- 3 * + 3; 2) ^ ; 3) * + ; 4) _ 1 ; 5) ~ -
X
cos (* + l) + cos2; 6) * + 6 .
8.6. 1); 2) ; 3) .
-
8.7. n * + I ^ ; 2) \ * -*4 ; 3)
1) .. *5 2*3
+; 1 5>
4) 72

5> - - 7 5 , 6> 7 ) | * 8/ /8;

8) | - 6/2 - | 3/2 + 2.1/2.

8.8. 1) a ^ + f e + C ; 2 ) c ^ + 6 - J + + C; 3) 7 : - | - * 2 - - 1 ^ + ;

4) L + *3 + *2 + G;5) ^ - - ^ + ^ ) ^ _ * 3- 1 | | -

- 2 + ;7> + * + 31 1*|+ :8 ) - ^ + ^ + .
8.9. 1) + ; 2) 2 -{ ^ + V * + ; 3) y g / :16+ ;

4^ 3( - - 2 ) ^ + -
459
 ox 7x1/ x 7*
8.10. 1) -\- sin * + ; 2) 2 cos x -j-j^ g + C; 3) ^ - -C;
4n7
5- 18* n . . n * S in *
4) -C ;5) C; 6) 2 sin * + C ; 7) -g--- -Gl
In 5 In 2 In 18
8) x c t g x + C .
1 Q 1 2 + ]/" 5
111. . ^ d g f + C ; 2) +Cl
* / 2 V 5
3) * + 2 , + ^ . r e t s ^ % + c ; f l - i - j a m t g f + O ;

5) y a r o s i n y + C ; 6) In j x - f "j/* * ? ~ j - f C;

7) arcsin * + In ( * + J ^ l+ * ? ) + C;
8) ln(* + / H + 3 ) - 3 1 n | * + / 3 r a | + C.
x3 3*? .
8.12. 1) ^ ( 3 * - l ) 6+ C; 2) ^ ( 2 * + 7 ) + C; 3) T -----^ + 9 * -
(* + !)- (+1)"
2 7 1 n |* + 3 | + C; 4) - -Cl
10 11

5) I a rc tg ^ + C ; 6) ln *X+81 + C; 7) 1 a rc tg
'3* + 5
s) A ,n 1 3* 4-c.
*2 4 - 1
8.13. 1) y ( l - * * ) - i + C; 2) i - l n -C ; 3) In | 3 * 1 + 7 * + 4 |+ C ;
* 24-5
1
4) In I *3 * + 1 14-C; 5) - In (7 * + l) 4 -C ;
42
1
6) C; 7) i - a rc tg *8 + C;
90 (3 + 5*3)6
1
8) arat g- + .
Y 2
8.14. 1) - ( 2 _ 5 * ) + ; 2 ) | ( 1 + * ) W + C;

3) l ( * _ 3 ) Y 2 * + 3 + C ; 4) 7^ (3*? + 8 * + 3 2 ) ]/"2 * + C;

5) ^ - ^ + ; 6) In (* + 2 + ]/"*? + 4 * + 7 ) + C;

7) arcsin (2* 1) + C j 8) In x + T + V x * + 3x + C ;

9) i ( 3 * ? - l)3/2 + C; 10) - J (*3+ 1 )8 + C.

8,15. 1) y f 1 +C) 2) j / +C;

3) * _ _ l n ( l + e 3 * ) + C ; 4) :+ C ;

460
 5) arcsin %r-\-C; 6) In L - + C .
2 / e * 4- 14-1
8.16. 1) 9 s l n | ^ 4 - : 2) - 2 ^ . + ()+ ;

^ sin 2a; sin 4* , n sin 5* , sin 11* ,

g------ K ; 4) -g ------------------------1-------- 25'

6) | - c o s - | i - c o s * + C } 6 ) s i n ^ + 3 s i n - i - |- C ;
^ cos , sin (co/ + ) , C1 * sin 2* ,
7) t -------- 4S----- + C ; 8 )T ------- + C:
n, I cos3* . . sin3 * . _
9) cos * -|-* j-C ; 10) s i n * ----------- 5---- \-C;

11) _ E ^ + C; 12) In
' ( + ) | + |
13) In 1 s i n * |+ C ; 14) (1 + c o s *)4/3+ C j

15) _ ecos*_|_C; 16) 2 cos j / T 4-C ,

|n3 Q
8.17. 1) 3- + C ; 2) -g.(ln*-2) y i + lax+Ci

3) In I aro tg * I + C ; 4) i - ( a r c t g 2*)3 + C ;

5) arcsin 4 *-f-C; 6) (arocos *)3(2 + C.

8.18. 1) 3 1 n |* 3 | 2 In 1 * 2 | + C ; 2) In | * 2 | _ A _ _ j.C s'

3) 1 In ( * ? + * + l) + ^ 3 " a r c tg

4) * + - | In I * 3 J In I 1 I+ C ,

8.19*. 1) - -1 * + -, 2) X| j 7 2^ + C;
X I
3) s i n * * c o s * + C ; 4 ) -r-sin (5* 7 ) 25 cos (5* 7 ) + C;

5) *? 4*^ I n * ---- ^-* 2 + 4* + C;

6) * a rc s in * + |A 1 * ?4 -C ; 7) * a r c c o s * / 1 - * ? 4 -C ;
8) * a r c t g * 1 i n ( 1 4-* ) 4-C .
8 , 20 *. 1) (*-4- 2*4-2) e - * 4 -C ; 2) (2 *5) cos * + 2* sin * -j-C;
3) * (In? * 2 In * 4 -2 ) 4-C ;
4) * arccos? * 2 1 *3 arccos * 2 * 4 -C ;
n 1 , . . . , . sin 2* 5 cos 2* .
5) -g-(sin * 4 - cos*) e* 4 -C ; 6) -------^ ----- e3jc4-C .
8 . 21 *. 1) ^ + ~ + ; 2) 2 ( / * - 1 ) / * + !

3) 2 (2 ) cos + 4 sin + ;

4) ( l n l n x 1) ln x + C; 5) 1 * a rc tg 2. 1 In (I +'**) +>,

6) 1 { 2 arccos 2 1 ) -}-.

/l 9

9.1. ( 1) . ,
9.2. (1 cos 1) . .
9.3. 1) ; 2) ; 3) ; 4) .

9.4. 1) J 1. dx; 2) ^ d x Jr 2l
- ! 1
9.5. 1) 0; 2) sin fe2; 3) sin a?.
9.6. 1) 4; 2) lj ; 3) | ; 4) In 2; 5) -5 - ; 6) 1 in 1 ,
4
7) a rctg 3 aro tg 2; 8) In j .

9.7. 1) ; 2)3 ) - | ; 4) 1; 5) 12; 6) 4 - 2 In 3;

7) In 2 + V r L ; 8) .
1+ 1^2 6
9.8. 1 )1 ; 2 )0 ; 3) ; 4 )1 ; 5 )0 ; 6) 0; 7 ) 1 ; ' 8) 11 .

9.9. 1) I 2) 3) In (1 + e ) ; 4) a r c t g e - i L ,

9.10. 1 )1 ; 2) In 2; 3) ; 4) sin 1,

9.11*, H) 1 ; 2) 1; 3) 2; 4) 2; 5) In 2 - 1 ; 6) 1;

7) 1 ) + 1

9.12. I) 0, q; , p = q; 2) 0; q; ,
p = q; _3) 0,
9.14. 200 >^2 .
32 1
9.16. 1) 2 . .; 2) . .; 3) . ,; 4) 1 . .;

5) ^ 1 1 ^ . .; 6) In 2 . ,
9.17. 0,694.
9.18. 0,995; 1,
462
9.19. 11.
9.20. 4.
9.21. 1) 0,09; 2) 0,67,
9.22. 0,746.
9.23. 1) 3,2413; 2) 1,1184,

10

2 16
10.1. 1) -g-. ,; 2)36 . ,; 3) 8 . .; 4 ) . .;

5) (22 I n 2 6) . .; 6)( - + - ^ ^ . .

-
10.2. 1) 4- - .; 2) 4 . .
0
1 9 125
10.3. 1) . .; 2) . .; 3) ^ . .;
. 9 ^ 32 8
4 ) . .; 5) . .; 6) . .

10.4. 1) 9 . .; 2) ^ . .; 3) . .

10.5. 1 ) ^ . .; 2 ) - | . .; 3) 36 . .; 4) - 1 ^ , .*

5) . .;6) . ,;7)^ 1 - 5 - ^ . .;

8) ( 2 1) . .; 9 ) - ^ - . .; 10) ( 2 l) . .
9
10.6. . . 10.7. 9 . .

10.10. 42 . 10.11. 32 .
10.12. 5 . 10.13, = 20.
10,14. 19 . 10.15. 122,375 .
10.17. 2,45 .

10.18. ? + 2 2, 523 10.19. 1,4 ,

10.20. 1,8 , 1,35 ,

10.22. 1724,8 . 10.23. 39 ,
10.24. 0,16 . 10.25. 0,54 ,

463
 ,
,
,
,
,

1
. .
\ .
. .
. . , . .

32325
23.12.80. 05.06.87.
84 108'/2. . 3. .
. . . . 24,36. . .-. 24,57. .-. . 25,56.
370 000 . (2- 150 001 370 000 .). 7841. 95 .

-
117071. . -71, , 15


. .
,
. 113054. . -54. . 28
, , },
, 39. 1