Q1. How does the UE know how to behave in idle mode?

The UE reads system information in order to acquire the necessary information,

e.g. cell selection, cell reselection, paging and random access parameters.

Q2. What is the purpose of Radio Connection Supervision?

To utilize the network resources as efficient as possible, i.e. releasing inactive

and out-of-sync UEs. Also to avoid undue charging of subscribers.

Q3. Scheduler interacts with which entities?

Link adaptation, Quality of Service framework and Power Control

Q4. What is the purpose of Capacity Management?

To avoid overload in the network. Admission Control can reject connection

requests in order not to jeopardize the stability of the network. Congestion
Control can release connections that cause overload. Note that Congestion
Control is not used in the early releases.

Q5. List at least four different kinds of connected mode mobility types.

Intra eNB HO, Inter eNB HO, X2 HO, S1 HO, GSM Session Continuity, WCDMA
Session Continuity, CDMA2000 Session Continuity

Q6. What are idle mode tasks of UE in LTE?

-PLMN selection and reselection

-Cell selection and reselection
-Location registration
-Paging
-Reading of system information

Q7. When is the cell reselection triggered?

-When the cell on which it is camping is no longer suitable

-When the UE, in camped normally state, has found a better
neighboring cell than the cell on which it is camping
-When the UE is in limited service state on an acceptable cell

Q8. What is a DRX cycle? How can one calculate the DRX cycle length?

Time between two paging occasions is called DRX cycle. DRX cycle length = T
10 (ms)
Q9. How many Quality Class Indicators (QCI) are standardized by the
3GPP?

a. 3
b. 7
c. 9
d. 64

Q10. What is the smallest scheduling unit?

The smallest time/frequency entity that the scheduler may assign consists of
twelve sub-carriers (180 kHz) in the frequency domain and a sub-frame (1ms)
in time. This corresponds to two 180kHz * 0.5ms physical resource blocks that
are consecutive in time and is referred to as a Scheduling Block (SB).

Q11. Which resources are controlled by scheduler in UL and DL?

UL: Physical Resource Blocks, PDCCH Resources, Baseband Processing Power

DL: Physical Resource Blocks, DL Power, PDCCH Resources, TX rank, Baseband
Processing Power

Q12. Which physical channels are controlled by scheduler?

DL: PDSCH, PDCCH and UL: PUSCH

All other channels have fixed allocation in the time frequency grid.

Q13. What is CFR and how does it impact Link Adaptation?

CFR Channel Feedback Report consist of CQI, PMI(Pre coding Metrix indicator)
and RI(Rank Indicator)
CQI Channel Quality Indicator is an index that is communicated to the eNB
that suggests link adaptation parameters. CQI's are ranging from 0(Lowest) to
15(Highest) which have modulation scheme QPSK, 16QAM and 64QAM.

PMI Pre-coding Matrix Indicator is UEs recommendation of the pre-coding

matrix to be used by the system. PMI is only reported if UE operates in spatial
multiplexing mode.

RI Rank Indicator is UEs recommendation for the number of layers i.e.

streams to be used in spatial multiplexing. RI is only reported if UE is operating
in spatial multiplexing mode.

CFR (CQI part of CFR) impacts Link Adaptation by suggesting modulation and
coding rate. Suggestion is then used to select a proper TF.
Q14. Which channels are used to report CQI?

Physical Uplink Control Channel PUCCH, Physical Uplink Shared Channel

PUSCH

Q15. What is the difference between periodic and a-periodic CQI

Reporting?

The periodic CQI report is carried by PUCCH. If the UE is allocated PUSCH

resources to send UL data in the same sub-frame as the
scheduled periodic CQI report, the periodic CQI report will use the PUSCH,
together with UL data transmission. In order to get more detailed CQI report,
the eNB can trigger aperiodic CQI report when needed. The a-periodic CQI
report is transmitted on PUSCH, together with UL data or alone.

Q16. What is the granularity of the CQI report?

The CQI report types are be divided into:

- wideband,
- UE selected sub-band, and
- higher layer configured sub-band.

The wideband report provides one CQI value for the entire downlink system
bandwidth which gives the lowest granularity. The UE selected sub-band CQI
report divides the system bandwidth into multiple sub-bands, where the UE
selects a set of preferred subbands
(the M best sub-bands), then reports one CQI value for the wideband and one
differential CQI value for each sub-band.

Q17 .How does the eNB know that the UE is sending a CQI report?

In case of Periodic CQI on PUCCH eNB will know the periodicity.

In case of a-periodic CQI on PUSCH the eNB is the one ordering it!

Q18 .What is the purpose with BSR(Buffer Starus Report)?

BSR Buffer Status Report informs the scheduler about the amount of the data
to be sent in UL by the UE.

BSR Buffer Status Report informs the scheduler about the amount of the data
to be sent in UL by the UE.

A BSR is triggered when at least one of the following criteria is fulfilled:

 UL data arrives in the UE transmission buffer and the data belongs
to a radio bearer (logical channel) group with higher priority than
those for which data already existed in the UE transmission buffer.
BSR is triggered when UL-SCH resources are allocated and number
of padding bits is larger than the BSR size
when the UE arrives to a new cell
The periodic BSR timer expires

Q19. What is the main purpose with Power Control?

Power control and power configuration reduces inter-cell interference and power
consumption. This leads to higher cell capacity and the
control of maximum data rate for a UE at cell edge. In addition, it maximizes
battery life for the UE.

Q19. What is C-RNTI and GUTI in LTE?

C-RNTI (Cell Radio Network Temporary Identifier):-

The eNodeB (Evolved Node B) assigns the UE a C-RNTI to identify the UE during
exchange of all information over the air. The C-RNTI is assigned during the
setup of the RRC Connection (Idle Mode Connected Mode transition) between
a UE and an eNodeB and is valid only for that RRC Connection. Once the UE
leaves the coverage area of an eNodeB the RRC Connection must be moved
(Inter-eNodeB Handover) and the "new" eNodeB will assign a "new" C-RNTI to
the UE. The C-RNTI is an E-UTRAN (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access
Network) specific identifier and the EPC (Evolved Packet Core) Network has no
visibility to it.

GUTI (Globally Unique Temporary Identifier):-

The MME (Mobility Management Entity) assigns the UE a GUTI to identify the UE
during all message exchanges and procedures with the EPC. The GUTI is
assigned during the Attach procedure (Deregistered State Registered State
transition) between the UE and the MME and is valid only as long as the UE is
attached to the MME that assigned the GUTI. Once the UE leaves the Tracking
Area(s) of an MME the "Attachment" has to be moved (Inter-MME handover)
and the "new" MME will assign a "new" GUTI to the UE. Embedded within the
GUTI are the PLMN ID of the service provider and the MME Identity. Thus, the
GUTI uniquely and globally identifies a UE attached to a specific MME in a
specific Service Providers LTE Network in a specific Country. The MME may
choose to periodically re-assign a "fresh" GUTI to a UE that is attached to it
Question 1: Which of the following scenarios would produce the highest
user data rate?

a. 16 QAM, Coding rate 95%, 2X2 MIMO

b. 64 QAM, Coding rate 95%, 2X2 MIMO
c. 64 QAM, Coding rate 33%, 2X2 MIMO
d. 64 QAM, Coding rate 33%, Tx Diversity

Question 2: What is the maximum theoretical user data rate in a LTE

network with a 5 MHz channel bandwidth?

a. 1.1 Mbps
b. 1.7 Mbps
c. 42.5 Mbps
d. 170 Mbps

Question 3: Which of the following number of LTE RBs could NOT be

allocated to a UE in the uplink?

a. 1
b. 4
c. 7
d. 9

Question 4: What would be the peak uplink rate at the MAC layer of a
UE using 25 RBs, 64 QAM and a coding rate of 95%?

a. 10 Mbps
b. 20 Mbps
c. 40 Mbps
d. 50 Mbps

Question 5: Which of the following LTE traffic types DOES NOT use TCP?

a. Web browsing
b. Email
c. Video Streaming
d. Voice

Question 6: Which TCP port does a server listen to for FTP accesses?

a. Port 1.
b. Port 20.
c. Port 21.
d. Port 80.

Question 7: Which of the following criteria are regarded as acceptable

for voice over LTE?

a.Tr <80 msec and lost/delayed blocks <10 %

b.Tr <80 msec and lost/delayed blocks <1 %
c.Tr <10 msec and lost/delayed blocks <8 %
d.Tr <10 msec and lost/delayed blocks <1 %

Question 8: In an LTE system if high interference is at the edge of the

bands then which channel below is expected to get impacted the most?

A. PUSCH
B. PUCCH
C. PDSCH
D. PRACH

Question 9: What is the maximum value of RSRQ that can be reported

by UE ?

A. 0 db
B. -3dBm
C. +3dBm
D. -1 dBm

Question 10: The NAS messages are exchanged between?

A. UE and enode B
B. UE and MME
C. MME and SGw
D. enode B and MME

Question 11: Which of the SIB contains information necessary for the
UE to camp on a cell ?

A. SIB3
B. SIB2
C. SIB1
D. SIB6
Question 12: The UE Context on the enodeB can be torn down by?

A. UE
B. MME
C. HSS
D. PCRF

Question 13: Which Link connects one MME to another MME?

A. S11
B. S10
C. S1
D. S4

Question 14: What is the main drawback of using TCP for real time
applications?

A. Incurs costs to the operators

B. Due to its handshake behavior, it is not suited for real time
applications - More delay, Loss etc
C. TCP does not support QoS mechanism
D. All of the above

Question 15: Which OSI Layer is used for switching?

A. Session Layer
B. Transport Layer
C. Data Link Layer
D. Network Layer

Question 16: Which of the following codecs can be used for HD voice?

A. 12.2 AMR
B. 12.65 AMR-WB
C. 4.75 AMR
D. All of above
Question 16: Beamforming and Coordinated Beamforming it means just
as it sounds.

Beamforming is mostly based on array antenna and permits targeted illumination of specific
areas. Just by arranging multiple antenna in an array we could create a beam with the
directivity to a certain direction and by rotating the antenna array we can change the
direction of the beam. The question is how to find the phase and gain value to each antenna
to achieve the desired beam pattern.

Coordinated beamforming schemes requires less overhead than JT Comp CB schemes

share knowledge of the spatial channels between the coordinated BSs and their intended
MTs to separate the different data streams without exchanging MTs data. That's the key.

So CB have less stringent sync. And coordination requirements retaining large part of the
JT Comp performance.

With CB, coordinated BSs only share Channel State Information. As long as CSI is up to
date, sync is unneeded and each BS in the coordination cluster may transmit independently.
Standardization of CSI exchange between BSs is left to the vendors.