Irregular Verbs in

English [English
Grammar]
Irregular verbs vs Regular Verbs
A regular verb is any verb whose conjugation follows the typical pattern, or one of the typical patterns (-
s, -ed). A verb whose conjugation follows a different pattern is called an irregular verb.

For example
Verbs such as play, associate are regular, since they form their inflected parts by adding the typical endings
-s, and -ed, to give forms such as plays, associated.

On the other hand, verbs such as drink, hit and have are irregular, since some of their parts are not made
according to the typical pattern drank and drunk (not drinked); hit (as past tense and past participle, not
hitted) and has and had (not haves and haved).

Please note that many of the most frequent verbs are irregular. Thus it is essential to learn all the English
irregular verbs.

Irregular verbs in English

Base Form (and present) Past Simple Past Participle

alight alighted, alit alighted, alit

arise arose arisen

awake awoke, awaked awoken, awaked

be (am, is, are) was (were) been

bear bore borne (born)

beat beat beaten/beat

begin began begun

bend bent bent

bereave bereaved bereaved (bereft)

beseech besought besought

bet bet/betted bet/betted

bid bid bid

bid bade/bid/bidded bidden/bid/bidded

bide bided/bode bided/bidden

bind bound bound (bounden)

bite bit bitten

bleed bled bled

blow blew blown

break broke broken

breed bred bred

bring brought brought

build built built

burn burned/burnt burnt/burned

burst burst/bursted burst/bursted

buy bought bought

can could

cast cast cast

catch caught caught

chide chode/chided/chid chidden/chided

choose chose chosen

cleave1 clove/clave cloven/claven

cleave2 cleft/cleaved cleft/cleaved

cling clang/clung clung

clothe clothed clothed (clad)

come came come

cost cost cost

creep crept crept

crow crowed/crew crowed/crown[kron]

cut cut cut

deal dealt dealt

dig dug dug

dive dived/dove dived/dove

do (does[dz]) did done

draw drew drawn

dream dreamt/dreamed dreamt/dreamed

drink drank/drunk drunk (drunken)

drive drove driven

dwell dwelt/dwelled dwelt/dwelled

eat ate eaten

fall fell fallen

feed fed fed

feel felt felt

fight fought fought

find found found

fit fit/fitted fit/fitted

flee fled fled

fling flung flung

fly flew flown

forsake forsook forsaken

freeze froze frozen

get got gotten/got

gird girded girded (girt)

give gave given

go went gone

grind ground ground

grow grew grown

hang hung/hanged hung/hanged

have (has) had had

hear heard heard

hew hewed hewed/hewn

hide hid hid/hidden

hit hit hit

hold held held

hurt hurt hurt

keep kept kept

kneel knelt/kneeled knelt/kneeled

knit knit/knitted knit/knitted

know knew known

lay laid laid

lead led led

lean leaned/leant leaned/leant

leap leaped/leapt leaped/leapt

learn learned/learnt learned/learnt

leave left left

load loaded loaded (laden)

lose lost lost (lorn)

lend lent lent

let let let

lie lay lain

light lit/lighted lit/lighted

make made made

may might

mean [min] meant [mnt] meant [mnt]

meet met met

melt melted melted (molten)

mow mowed mowed/mown

pay paid paid

plead pleaded/pled pleaded/pled

prove proved proved/proven

put put put

quit quit quit

read [rid] read [rd] read [rd]

rend rent rent

rid rid/ridded rid/ridden

ride rode ridden

ring rang rung

rise rose risen

run ran run

saw sawed sawed/sawn

say (says[sz]) said [sd] said [sd]

see saw seen

seek sought sought

seethe seethed seethed (sodden)

sell sold sold

send sent sent

set set set

sew sewed sewed/sewn

shake shook shaken

shall should

shape shaped shaped (shapen)

shave shaved shaved (shaven)

shear shore/sheared shorn/sheared

shed shed shed

shine shined/shone shined/shone

shit shit/shat shit/shat

shoe shoed/shod shoed/shod

shoot shot shot

show showed shown/showed

shrink shrank/shrunk shrunk (shrunken)

shrive shrove shriven

shut shut shut

sing sang sung

sink sank/sunk sunk (sunken)

sit sat sat

slay slew/slayed slain/slayed

sleep slept slept

slide slid slid/slidden

sling slung/slang slung

slink slunk/slank slunk

slit slit slit

smell smelled/smelt smelled/smelt

smite smote/smit smitten

sneak sneaked/snuck sneaked/snuck

sow sowed sowed/sown

speak spoke spoken

speed sped/speeded sped/speeded

spell spelled/spelt spelled/spelt

spend spent spent

spill spilled/spilt spilled/spilt

spin span/spun spun

spit spit/spat spit/spat

split split split

spoil spoiled/spoilt spoiled/spoilt

spread spread spread

spring sprang/sprung sprung

stand stood stood

steal stole stolen

stick stuck stuck

sting stang/stung stung

stink stank/stunk stunk

strew strew/strewed strewn/strewed

stride strode/strided stridden/strided

strike struck struck (stricken)

string strung strung

strive strove/strived striven/strived

swear swore sworn

sweep swept swept

swell swelled swelled (swollen)

swim swam swum

swing swang/swung swung

take took taken

teach taught taught

tear tore torn

tell told told

think thought thought

thrive throve/thrived thrived/thriven

throw threw thrown

thrust thrusted/thrust thrusted/thrust

tread trod trodden/trod

wake woke woken

wear wore worn

weave wove woven

wed wed/wedded wed/wedded

weep wept wept

wet wet/wetted wet/wetted

will would
win won won

wind[wand] wound [wand] wound [wand]

work worked worked (wrought)

wring wrung wrung

wrote
write written