UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN KIMIA

LEADERSHIP AND PROFESSIONAL ETHICS FOR ENGINEERS
(CPE 680)

ASSIGNMENT 2

NAME : NUR ILLYA AQINNAH BINTI ZULKEFLI

2015884438
FILZAH ANATI BINTI KASIM
2015826686
GROUP : EH2206D
SEMESTER : MARCH JULY 2017
PROGRAMME / CODE : BACHELOR (HONS) CHEMICAL
ENGINEERING / EH220

Remarks:

Submission date: 28th APRIL 2017

Checked by: IR NORMADYZAH BINTI AHMAD

_________________
Date :
 According to the research paper by Norhayati et.al (2014), there has been an exceptional
increment in the rate of suicides in the past 45 years in Malaysia. The insights demonstrate that
teenagers matured in the vicinity of 16 and 19 years of age are at high danger of submitting
suicide. This could be ascribed to issues identifying with the formative phase of youths. At this
stage, young people confront challenges and are presented to different stressful experiences and
factors that lead to suicide. Understanding the psychological factors that may drive teenagers to
suicide is thus an important scientific quest. Individuals are most headed to suicide when they
see their present circumstance as being completely hopeless because of the problems they have
are become relate to each other and feel as if they have no way to change things for the better.

Current study research widely recognized that depression and negative life events, such
as failure, play a major role in the suicidal process (e.g., OConnor & Nock, 2014; Rasmussen,
Dyregrov, Haavind, Leenaars, & Dieserud, 2015; Rowe, Walker, Britton, & Hirsch, 2013;
Vandivort & Locke, 1979). Individuals with major depression are typically genetically wired in
a way that makes it difficult to feel pleasure and happiness in life. According to Mental Health
Daily (2014), 90% of people who commit suicide suffer from untreated depression.

Another common causes of suicide include financial problems, loneliness, and many
more. Individuals who are battling financially in some cases see not a single end to be found to
their debt and bills. The money related anxiety can take a noteworthy toll on a man's
psychological well-being. Despite the fact that a great many people in economic problems in the
long run wind up working out of debt, a few people are hesitant to manage this circumstance. If a
man ends up noticeably humiliated about their funds and feels discouraged about their debt
difficulty, they may consider suicide as an approach to escape this circumstance. Based on the
article by MentalHealthDaily.com (2014), loneliness also can cause man to take his own life. It is
characterized as a general sentiment misery accordingly of being separated from everyone else or
feeling disengaged from others. Living isolated from others can prompt a variety of issues
including psychological well-being conditions, low vitality, substance manhandle, negative
sentiments, and additionally rest issues. On the off chance that the unhappiness and additionally
social separation is not tended to, it might lead somebody to consider suicide as an escape from
their situation. Although there are crisis hotlines that have been developed to help people feeling
suicidal, the jury is out as to whether they even help.
 According to escape theory of suicide (Baumeister, 1990), failure to attain important
standards or goals in life plays a major role in triggering the suicidal process. From this
perspective, when a major failure, or disappointment is blamed on the self, the person is flooded
by negative affect and becomes increasingly self-focused. She/he then seeks to escape the
situation and its negative implications for the self and scans his or her options for doing so
(Shneidman, 1996). Since suicide is an exceptionally effective, if radical, intends to escape
enthusiastic torment and enduring, the possibility of suicide may turn out to be more available to
the mind, regardless of the possibility that it doesn't achieve awareness, or on the off chance that
it is in this manner rejected when it does, (Chatard et. al, 2017).

There are a lot of psychological ways to prevent and to treat people who want to commit
suicide. Family and friends may give all the bolster and encouragement that is required in
depression cases. Having somebody who will tune in and concern may lead to a significant
effect. Be that as it may, even the most minding and included companions or relatives may not be
sufficient when the sickness misery is more serious. In such cases, it is vital to look for expert
offer assistance such as psychiatrists, psychologists, or therapies. For example, one of the
therapies that been proposed by the experts to treat individual who suffers depression is
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). According to Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on
Pathophysiology and Prevention of Adolescent and Adult Suicide (2002), CBT is designed to
reduce clinical symptoms by changing thoughts and behaviours (Weishaar and Beck, 1990).
Numerous studies show CBT is effective in reducing depression and hopelessness in various
populations including adolescents (Brent et al., 1999; Brent et al., 1998).

Many religions have comparative thoughts on what to do when one commits suicide,
though many are outdated and some are evolving. In Islam, if one commits suicide, it is
considered as major sin as the act is turning against Islam. As stated in the Holy Quran, And do
not kill yourselves (nor kill one another). Surely, Allah is Most Merciful (An-Nisa 4:29).
During the lifetime of Holy Prophet (PBUH) he declined to go to the funeral of a man who had
committed suicide. (Hadith: Bukhari 2:445, Narrated Thabit bin Ad-Dahhak) (Wassan & Riaz,
2007). In the holy Quran also it is mentioned that to put trust in Allah and have confidence in
Allahs mercy. Suicide is not a solution to any problems, as Allah will not burden a soul more
than one can bear.
 As indicated by Buddhism, our past strongly affects our present. This is known as karma
as instructed by Gautama Buddha (Wassan & Riaz, 2007). For Buddhist, since the principal
statute is to avoid the destruction of life, suicide is clearly viewed as a harmful action. In any
case, in spite of this view, an old-fashioned Asian philosophy like Kara-Kiri continues to affect
Buddhists by saying, when under ill-treatment, discussing the act of "noteworthy" suicide
(Wassan & Riaz, 2007). One could view this as a fundamental Buddhist thought. At any
occasions, it is by all accounts state that in any event in standard circumstances and in most
diversities of later Buddhism; suicides is not approved by mainstream (Zimmerman, 2006).

Hinduism permits under exceptionally agonizing conditions the possibility of Euthanasia,

which numerous religions characterize as helped restorative suicide and just under select
desperate conditions. Hinduism, suicide is considered as "Pranatyaga" which is surrendering life,
where the individual intentionally finishing their own life by harming, suffocating themselves. It
is realized that suicide is not worthy in Hinduism as this is known as family taboo. Judaism sees
suicide as a standout amongst the most sins. Jewish law, aside from three particular cases, has
dependably restrict suicide. On the off chance that one were being constrained by somebody to
submit kill, compelled to confer a demonstration of excessive admiration, or compelled to submit
infidelity or interbreeding, then in those cases alone would suicide be reasonable. Nevertheless,
outside those cases, suicide is prohibited, and this fit in participating in assisted suicide. (Wassan
& Riaz, 2007). As indicated by numerous Rabbi, the restriction of suicide is inside the precept,
"thou shalt not kill". The Jewish have particular life and demise ceremonies. When somebody
dies of suicide, it is no longer vital for him or her to have holy demise customs.

The high and lows of the teenagers years might be challenging for some teenagers. Arise
the problems they need to face; some of them might have suicidal thoughts. From the research
that have been done, the outcomes show that 11.10%, 10.00%, and 9.50% of the studies revealed
that they were encountering serious discouragement, tension and stress, separately. There were
huge relationships between melancholy, tension, and worry with self-destructive ideation. These
situations lead them to do something beyond their consciousness as these teenagers being too
carried away with their problems (Norhayati et.al, 2014).
 An individual who is normal, physically and mentally healthy would not commit suicide.
Thus, mental health of ones is very crucial in order to prevent this practice of suicide from
developing into a more serious matter. In order to ensure mental health of an individual or
especially teenagers is in a satisfactory level, the closest people to them need to aware if there is
any changes or unusual behavior that might have been shown by those whom have suicidal
thoughts. Parents supposedly need to know the well-being of their children. Some parents might
just assume that their children is just fine just because the children do not show any signs of
suicidal because there is some teenagers who prefer to keep everything to themselves. Family
members need to give full moral support if one of their family members are battling with suicide.

Besides, in order to cub the raising number of suicidal activities among teenagers it is
important to practice awareness regarding suicide. People need to aware of their surroundings
and always sensitive to what is happening around their environments. The teenagers might show
some signs that they are not in the best state; unfortunately, the people surround might have
missed these signs, as they are not paying attention to what is happening. A small gesture such as
asking how they are doing instead of mocking them for having depression, anxiety or stress
which could lead to suicide. Sharing information together on how to prevent suicide is one of the
ways to gain awareness. Counselors and therapists also could at least give advice or suggestions
that would help to solve the problems that been bugging the person who has the thought to
commit suicide. Concisely, suicide is a selfish act and most religions forbid suicide. In order to
prevent suicide practice from rampant especially among teenagers, we need to find the root
causes of why they tend to have suicidal thoughts so that we can find ways to prevent suicide.
REFERENCES

1. Kitts. M (n.d.) Religious Views on Suicide: A Sketch. Hawaii Pacific University

2. Mahajan. M (2015) Suicidal Tendencies amongst Adolescents. Research Journey
International Multidisciplinary E- Research Journal
3. Valerie Auroras Blog (2013) Suicide and society: Where does responsibility for
preventing suicide lie? Retrieved April 25th from
https://blog.valerieaurora.org/2013/01/12/suicide-and-society-where-does-responsibility-
for-preventing-suicide-lie/
4. Wassan. A., Riaz. W (2007) A Socio Religious Analysis of Suicides and its Impact on
Economic Development. Indus Journal of Management & Social Sciences
5. World Health Organization (2014) Preventing Suicide A global imperative. World
Health Organization
6. Zimmerman. M (2006) Buddhism and Violence. Lumbini International Research Institute.