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T A N B U L D L A K A D E M S
T PROFICIENCY WRITING

CAUSE ESSAY - FIRST BODY PARAGRAPH TOPIC SENTENCE


NOUN/NOUN PHRASE TOPIC NOUN PHRASE
MAIN/
REASON/ (ESSAY TOPIC) IS
ONE OF THE BASIC/ OF
CAUSE (for example: narrow
PRIMARY
(for example: peoples mindedness)
resisting change)

FIRST/ NOUN/NOUN
PRIMARY/ PHRASE TOPIC NOUN PHRASE
MAIN/ (ESSAY TOPIC) IS BELIEVED TO BE/
REASON/
THE BASIC/ OF IS SAID TO BE/ (for example: the
CAUSE
CHIEF/ (for example: IS CLAIMED TO BE narrow-mindedness of
MAJOR/ peoples resisting them)
MOST IMPORTANT change)

TOPIC NOUN
CAUSES/
PHRASE NOUN/NOUN PHRASE
MAINLY/ LEADS TO/
(ESSAY TOPIC)
CHIEFLY/ RESULTS IN/
(for example: the
PRIMARILY BRINGS ABOUT/
laws making (for example: the rising divorce rate)
GIVE RISE TO
divorce easier )

TOPIC NOUN
PHRASE NOUN PHRASES SUBJECT
NOUN PHRASES VERB AND OBJECT
CAUSES/
TO
(for example: the LEADS (for example: the divorce
(for example: rise)
laws making rate)
divorce easier )

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S T A N B U L D L A K A D E M S
T PROFICIENCY WRITING

EFFECT ESSAY - SECOND BODY PARAGRAPH TOPIC SENTENCE (loss of forests)

ANOTHER/ NOUN/NOUN PHRASE


MAIN/
THE OTHER/ (ESSAY TOPIC) TOPIC NOUN PHRASE
BASIC/ REASON/
(THE) NEXT/ OF IS
PRIMARY CAUSE
(THE) (for example: peoples (for example: deeply rooted

SECOND resisting change) habits)

NOUN/NOUN PHRASE
ANOTHER/ IS BELIEVED TO TOPIC NOUN PHRASE
(ESSAY TOPIC)
THE OTHER/ REASON/ BE/
OF
(THE) NEXT/ CAUSE IS SAID TO BE/ (for example: deeply rooted
(for example: peoples
(THE) SECOND IS CLAIMED TO BE habits)
resisting change)

TOPIC NOUN
CAUSES/
PHRASE NOUN/NOUN PHRASE
LEADS TO/
(ESSAY TOPIC)
ALSO RESULTS IN/
(for example:
BRINGS ABOUT/
changing cultural (for example: the rising divorce rate)
GIVE RISE TO
values )

TOPIC NOUN
NOUN PHRASES
PHRASE
SUBJECT NOUN PHRASES VERB AND OBJECT
CAUSES/
ALSO TO
(for example: LEADS
(for example: the (for example: rise)
changing cultural
divorce rate)
values )

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