New Senior Secondary Mastering Biology Chapter 17

Suggested answers to Exercise and Reading to learn p.1/3

Suggested answers to Exercise and Reading to

learn
(Note: The overseas examination boards bear no responsibility for the suggested answers
contained in this publication. Answers for HKCEE and HKALE questions are not available due
to copyright restrictions.)

Ch 17 Movement in humans
Exercise
Multiple-choice questions (p. 17-22)
1 B 2 D 3 A
4 B 5 A 6 C
7 C 8 B 9 C
10 B

Short questions (p. 17-24)

11 a Acid dissolves the minerals, mainly calcium phosphate, in the bone, making it soft.
1m
b Heating removes water from the bone, making it brittle. 1m

12 a iii 1m
b v 1m
c ii 1m
d i 1m
e iv 1m

13 a Contraction of muscle A causes the thumb to move towards fingers. 1m

Contraction of muscle B causes the thumb to move away from the fingers. 1m
b Contraction of muscles cannot pull on the bone. 1m

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New Senior Secondary Mastering Biology Chapter 17
Suggested answers to Exercise and Reading to learn p.2/3

14 A biceps
B triceps
C tendon
D radius and ulna
E humerus
F shoulder bone
G elbow joint
H shoulder joint 0.5m x 8
Parts of the model which do not illustrate the actual situation well:
The string tying balloon A to D should not be attached to the left side of D. It should be
attached to D at a point much nearer to G, more or less on its immediate left. 1m
There should be a string (representing a tendon) attaching balloons B to D. 1m

15 a Stimulus causes an increase in tension. 1m

Tension fluctuates but overall shows an increase. 1m
b Toxin causes the muscles to remain in a state of constant contraction / tension. 1m
Any two from: 1m x 2
The cardiac muscle of the heart cannot contract rhythmically, the heart beat stops and
the patient will die.
The toxins causes fixation of the jaw muscles, the patient has difficulty in ingestion.
The toxin causes the rib / intercostal muscles remain contracted which leads to
difficulty in lung ventilation / breathing.

16 HKALE Biology 2007 I Q5

17 HKALE Biology 2004 I Q6

Structured questions (p. 17-25)

18 HKCEE Human Biology 2004 I Q3b

19 HKCEE Human Biology 2002 I Q4b

20 HKCEE Biology 2002 I Q1b

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New Senior Secondary Mastering Biology Chapter 17
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21 a P myelin sheath 1m
R vacuole containing neurotransmitters 1m
S neuromuscular junction 1m
b When a nerve impulse arrives at Q,
it stimulates the ending of the axon to release neurotransmitters. 1m
The neurotransmitters diffuse across the synapse. 1m
They stimulate the muscle fibres to generate an electrical impulse. 1m
The electrical impulse spreads along the muscle fibre and the muscle contracts. 1m
c The drug blocks the receptors of neurotransmitters on the cell membrane of muscle
cells, no electrical impulses are generated. 1m

Essay (p. 17-27)

22 HKALE Biology 1998 II Q1

Reading to learn (p. 17-28)

1 No 1m
It is because the surgery replaces only the worn cartilage of the leg bones but cannot treat
the torn ligaments. 1m

2 Stainless steel is strong and highly resistant to corrosion. 1m

The artificial joint will not wear away easily or rust in the body. 1m

3 Exercise helps muscles regain strength. 1m

Oxford University Press 2009