2

Applications of 4
Pressure Valves
Pressure valves have the task of controlling and
Hydraulics regulating the pressure in a system and in parts of
the system.
Pressure relief valves
& The pressure in a system is set and restricted by
these valves. The control pressure is sensed at the
Pneumatics input (P) of the valve.
Pressure regulators
These valves reduce the output pressure where there
By: Alireza Safikhani is a varying higher input pressure. The control
pressure is sensed at the output of the valve.
1

3 4

The symbols for the different pressure valves Principle of Application

All pure pressure-
pressure-control valves operate in hydraulic balance.
balance.
Usually the balance is very simple: effective pressure on one side
side
or end of a ball, poppet, or spool is opposed by a spring.
In operation, a valve takes a position where hydraulic pressure
balances a spring force. Since spring force varies with
compression, distance and pressure also can vary.
5 6

PRV: Actuation Types of Pressure Control

There are both internally and externally controlled
pressure relief valves.

7 8

Relief Valves PRV applications: Safety Valves

Pressure relief valves are designed in the form of when it is attached to the pump, to protect it from overload. The
valve setting is fixed at the maximum pump pressure.
poppet or slide valves. In the normal position, a
It only opens in case of emergency.
compression spring presses a sealing element onto
the input port or a slide is pushed over the opening
to the tank connection.
9 10

Pump Protection PRV applications: Safety or Unloading

11 12

PRV applications: Counter-balance valves PRV applications: Brake valves

counteract mass moments of inertia with tractive loads. The valve prevent pressure peaks, which may arise as a result of mass moments
moments of
must be pressure-
pressure-compensated and the tank connection must be inertia on sudden closing of the directional control valve.
loadable.

Brake Valve
13 14

PRV applications: Sequence valves PRV applications: Sequence valves

open the connection to
other consuming devices
when the set pressure is
exceeded

15 16

Pilot operated pressure relief valve The pilot operated PRV as an unloading valve

Pilot operated pressure relief The pilot operated pressure

valve has two stages. Pilot relief valve can also be
stage is simply poppet type applied as an unloading valve.
valve. The response pressure Normally the 2/2-
2/2-direction
for the valve is set at the control valve is activated and
spring of the pilot valve. The the opening pressure of the
main stage valve is spool type main valve is determined by
valve.
valve. The input pressure is the pilot valve.
applied to lower end of the
main spool.
17 18

PRV applications: Unloading Industrial Example

Sequence Valves Pressure Relief Valve

19 20

Pressure regulators Application Example

Pressure regulators reduce the input pressure to a
specified output pressure.
If the force of the piston surface exceeds the set
value, the valve starts to close as the valve slide
moves against the spring until an equilibrium of forces
exists. This causes the throttle gap to be reduced and
there is a fall in pressure. If the pressure at output (A)
increases once again, the piston closes completely.
21 22

3 Way Pressure Regulator 3 Way Pressure Regulator

thickening of the workpiece material causes a further Another method of reducing
these increases in pressure is to
pressure increase at output (A) of the pressure use a 3-
3-way pressure regulator
regulator. This increase in pressure above the set
value is not desired. Pressure relief valve use to
prevent increases in pressure.

The method of operation of a 3-

3-
way pressure regulator is
identical to that of a 2-
2-way
pressure regulator with respect
to flow from P to A

23 24

All Types in Use ! Hydraulic Fuse

In end pressure, one thin metal disk Prevent circuit to collapse