cira barbaqaZe

siyvarulis
metaforebi

gamomcemloba `universali~
Tbilisi 2017
 wigni gamosacemad momzadda
ilias saxelmwifo universitetis
semiotikis kvleviT centrSi

redaqtorebi

prof. gia joxaZe

prof. daviT andriaZe
nato ingoroyva (Jurnal `maswavleblis~
mTavari redaqtori)

statiebi gamoqveynebulia
internetgamocema mastsavlebeli.ge-ze

garekanis dizaini
mariam elizbaraSvili

c. barbaqaZe, 2017
gamomcemloba `universali~, 2017
Tbilisi, 0179, i. WavWavaZis gamz. 19, : 2 22 36 09, 5(99) 17 22 30
Email: universal@internet.ge
ISBN 978-9941-22-987-9

2
 Sinaarsi

siyvarulis metaforebi: cecxli ................. 5

siyvarulis metaforebi: monoba....................14

siyvarulis metaforebi: daavadeba ..............23

siyvarulis metaforebi: RmerTi...................30

siyvarulis metaforebi: mcenare..................38

siyvarulis metaforebi: sasmel-sakvebi ....46

siyvarulis 99 metafora ..................................53

siyvarulis metaforebi: SeWama batkanma

vardi Tu ara?.....................................................60

Jak preveri rogor unda daxato Citis

portreti .............................................................67

3
siyvarulis metaforebi: `Wiebis gundi
ipyrobs gvams~ .....................................................76

fragmentebi Seyvarebuli semiologis

metyvelebidan (gia joxaZe) .............................83

4
 siyvarulis metaforebi:
cecxli

`rac ar iwvis, ar anaTebs, -

uCinarad lpeba nela.
modi, damwvi, siyvarulo,
miaSuqe, sadac bnela.
akaki wereTeli

`...me frTebi minda, rom isev

avmaRlde. mxolod Sen SegiZlia,
Semasxa frTebi. Sen sanTeli xar
siyvarulisa, me cecxli, romelic im
sanTlisaTvis gamokvesa RmerTma.
Cven erTi sanTeli da erTi cecxli
varT...~
griboedovis werilidan ninos
mimarT

5
 siyvaruli sulis iseTi mdgomare-
obaa, romelic ganmartebas ar eqvem-
debareba. ganmartebiT leqsikonebSi
am sityvis gaswvriv bevrs verafers
amoikiTxavT. SeiZleba iTqvas, rom ga-
numartavi terminia; albaT amitom
arsebobs `siyvarulis axsna: sityve-
bis meSveobiT gamoTqvas is, rac gamo-
uTqmelia. magram mxolod cnebiTi
ganmarteba (axsna) verafers getyviT
siyvarulis Sesaxeb; logikurad da
marcxena naxevarsferoTi gamoxatu-
li da aRqmuli siyvaruli mainc `ga-
numartavi rCeba. erTi sityviT, um-
weoa enis meSveobiT aixsnas is, rasac
damoukidebeli `ena aqvs, da es ena
`metaforebis enaa.
sulxan-saba orbelianis ganmarte-
biT leqsikonSi `siyvaruli gvagzav-
nis `siyuarulisken, da es ukanaskne-
li `yav siyuarulisken, romlis gas-
wvrivac vkiTxulobT: `siyvaruli
qen, gina CvenTan(a) Wame...
siyvaruli ufalTan sadResaswau-
lo sadilia... albaT gagaxsendebaT
qristes igavi: ufali rom saqorwilo

6
nadimze epatiJeba adamianebs, magram
mouclelobis da saqveyno saqmeebis
gamo isini ver midian...
dae, es werili iyos `mipatiJeba
uflis nadimze. hoda, `visac yurni
aqvs, isminos...
qarTuli enis ganmartebiTi leq-
sikonic `siyvarulze ZiriTadad ni-
muSebis motaniT amoiwureba da sul
es aris. ufro mets gveubneba, albaT,
frazeologizmebi, romelTagan ume-
tesi cecxliT gamoixateba.
siyvarulis cecxlTan dakavSireba
universaluri metaforuli kavSiria
yvela kulturisa da yvela enisTvis.
qarTulSi Seyvarebuli adamianis si-
nonimad (ganmartebiTi leqsikonis mi-
xedviT) gamoiyeneba `siyvarulmode-
buli, romelic `cecxlmodebulis
analogiuri warmoebaa. siyvaruls ga-
moxatavs frazeologizmebi: cecxlis
mokideba, modeba, cecxlSi dawva,
cecxlSi daferflva, gulSi cec-
xlis anTeba, TvalebSi cecxli,
trfobis (siyvarulis) ali, sulis
cecxli, wminda cecxli da sxva;

7
 siyvaruli cecxlTan sabediswero
TamaSia.
ratom `cecxli?
Seyvarebulebi `cecxlTayvanis-
mcemlebi arian. jalal-ed-din rumis
davimowmeb:
`Sen, gulo, cecxlis
Tayvanis mcemo,
cecxli rom geqca
saxlad da karad...
metaforizeba sulac ar aris ori
cnebis SemTxveviTi kavSiri. metafo-
rebis ena xom cocxali enaa gancda-
Ta, SegrZnebaTa ena. es ar aris ubra-
lo saxeldebis procesi, saxelis
darqmeva. cecxlsa da siyvarulis su-
lier mdgomareobas Soris rezonan-
suli kavSiria (fiziologiuradac
gamoxatuli), am rezonansis gamoa,
rom Seyvarebuli adamiani marTlac
ganicdis `cecxlis wakidebas, marTa-
lia, es Sinagani, sulis cecxlia, mag-
ram fizikurad ise ganicdeba, TiTqos
adamiani marTlac cecxlmodebuli
iyos. amitom Seyvarebulebi ufro
mZafrad ganicdian `civi wylis ga-
dasxmas (roca raime arasasurveli
8
xdeba); `civi wyalic metaforaa, mag-
ram zustad aRwers Seyvarebulis
imedgacruebul mdgomareobas...
goderZi Coxeli patara moTxroba-
Si, `siyvarulis cecxli, wers: `Seyva-
rebul adamianebs, raki erTxel siyva-
rulis cecxli waekidebaT, mere imaT-
Tvis sul gazafxulia, sul gazafxu-
lis sasiamovno Jruanteli Cqefs
imaT ZarRvebSi.
adamianis cecxlTan kavSiri uZve-
lesi da arqetipulia, Cveni fsiqikis
uRrmes SreebSia `Cawerili, maT So-
ris, yvela miTi, romelic cecxls
ukavSirdeba. bevri tradiciis mixed-
viT, cecxls aqvs ganmwmendeli Zala,
induri mistikuri teqstebis mixed-
viT, Tu adamiani SeZlebs Sinagan cec-
xlze koncentrirdes, fizikurad
cecxlSi Cavardnis SemTxvevaSic ki,
is ar daiwveba.
siyvarulis cecxli ganmwmende-
li da gardamqmneli Zalis mqonea. am
mxriv sainteresoa miTebi fsiqeasa da
feniqsze.
fsiqeasa da amurs swored `cec-
xli akavSirebT: amuri xasiaTdeba,

9
rogorc `yoveli cecxlis batoni,
gamosaxulebebSi igi xSirad xelSi Ci-
raRdniTaa. miTis mixedviT, fsiqea
amurs sanaTidan daRvenTili zeTiT
dawvavs. fsiqea `farvanaa, romelic
cecxls arasdros erideba. `cecxlSi
Camwvars satrfo-amuri mkvdreTiT
aRadgens da amaSi vlindeba cecxlis
ganmwmendeli Zala. is, vinc trfobas
ar gaurbis da mis cecxls ewireba, ma-
radiul sicocxles moipovebs.
am miTis interpretaciaa qarTuli
leqsi: `farvana da sanTeli.
`neta vicode, es sanTeli
risTvisa dneba?
anu farvana ras dastrialebs,
risTvisa kvdeba?
daxe, sawyalsa, mis alisgan
frTebi ewveba,
magram mainca ara frTxilobs
da ar eSveba (1957, `ciskari, T. b. C.)

feniqsi TiTqos fsiqeas axali si-

cocxlea. igi, miTis mixedviT, Tavs
iwvavs da ferflidan aRdgeba. feniq-
si mzis frinvelia, maradiuli aRor-
Zinebis simbolo.
10
 siyvarulis cecxlSi `dawvac
transformaciaa, aRdgena, xelaxali
dabadeba.
`aRsaniSnavia agreTve herakles
uCveulo aRsasruli. mas Tavisi me-
uRle deianeira eWvianobis niadagze
ugzavnis kentavr nesosis sisxliT
(siyvarulis wamliT) gaJRenTil sa-
moss, romelic mas siyvarulis cec-
xliT swvavs, es misTvis sasikvdilo
samsalad iqceva. herakle iwvis am
cecxlSi, am dros caSi mexi iquxebs,
Rrubeli eSveba, aTene da hermesi cad
aRamaRleben herakles oqros etliT,
rac ganasaxierebs sibrZnis, inteleq-
tisa da siyvarulis harmonias da aR-
zevebas iniciaciis gzaze.
ase rom, miTebis saerTo sazrisi
dakavSirebulia adamianis Sinagani
ganviTarebis xatovan asaxvasTan
(zviad gamsaxurdia, `vefxistyaosnis
saxismetyveleba).
rodesac `siyvarulis cecxlze
vsaubrobT qarTul kulturaSi, `vef-
xistyaosani `cecxlis (siyvarulis)
poemad SegviZlia ganvixiloT: am po-
emis `gageba niSnavs, Sexvide RvTaeb-
11
riv cecxlSi da iqidan gamosulma ig-
rZno, rom sruliad gansxvavebuli
adamiani xar, sxva sivrcisa da ganzo-
milebis moqalaqe.
`mijnurobiTa damwvar var, cec-
xli uSreti mgzebia~, wers avTan-
dili.
tarieli ki moTqvams: `cecxlman
cxelman viT ver dagwva, gulo, as-
jer dadagulo?!
satrfoebi `cecxlSi iwvian, ro-
desac erTmaneTs igoneben, erTma-
neTs xvdebian:
`naxis, cecxli gauaxldis, wylu-
li gaxdis ufro wylulad.~
avTandili velad gaWril tari-
els eubneba, rom yvela mijnuri cec-
xliT (saxmiliT) iwvis da mouwodebs
qmedebisken: `vin ar yofila mijnuri,
vis ar saxmilni sdebian? vis ar unax-
van patiJni, visTvis vin ara bndebi-
an?
nikoloz baraTaSvilis `cecxliT
davasruloT es statia:
`SeviSrob cremlsa, WirT
manelebels,
gulsa daviwvav dasanacrebels,

12
da missa ferflsa, viTa sakmevels,
Sevswirav satrfos,
Cemsa salocvels!

13
 siyvarulis metaforebi:
monoba

`Sens Semxedvares,
zecas madli gadahfenia,
rom ar miyvarde,
aba, me sxva ra damrCenia?!
sanam varsebob, Seni mona unda viyo
da
Sen gind mixme da gind nu mixmob,
neba Senia.
jalal-ed-din r u m i

verasdros vercerTi metafora

ver aRwers siyvaruls. metaforebs
SeuZliaT mxolod siyvarulis gar-
kveuli aspeqtebis warmoCena, radgan
ena uZluria, formaSi (ganmartebaSi)
moaqcios is, rac arsebiTad uformo
da mouxelTebelia. Tumca am energias
SeuZlia, mravali saxe miiRos, mra-

14
valgvarad, gansxvavebuli siuJete-
biT gamovlindes siyvarulis obieq-
tebs Soris.
siyvarulis erTi aseTi aspeqtia
obieqtebs Soris `batonymuri mimar-
Teba (ra Tqma unda, metaforebze sa-
ubrisas yvelaferi metaforaa). zog
SemTxvevaSi, batoni (xelmwife) Tavad
siyvarulia, magram raki siyvarulis
aRqma mxolod Seyvarebuli wyvile-
biT da maTi istoriebiT aris SesaZ-
lebeli, erTgvarad `gadanawildeba
es rolebi. Seyvarebuli wyvilidan
umetesad erTi emoneba meores. siyva-
rulis `monuri siuJeti umetesad
erTis meorisadmi TavSewirvaa, miuxe-
davad yvelafrisa da nebismier Sem-
TxvevaSi;
aseTi TavSewirvisas Seyvarebuli
bednieria yvelafriT... ubralod
imiT, rom arsebobs meore adamiani,
romelsac SeiZleba etrfodes da
umniSvneloa: vin aris, rogoria, uy-
vars Tu ara mas sapasuxod da sxva;
aseT Seyvarebuls xSirad moixsenie-
ben, rogorc `Sepyrobils da `moja-
doebuls. siyvarulis `batonad,

15
`xelmwifed, `mefed gamocxadeba ab-
straqtulia, aseT `ararsebuls ada-
mini ver iRebs da roca Seyvarebulia,
emoneba ara abstraqtul, aramed kon-
kretul adamians da sakuTari siyva-
rulis proeqcias am adamianSi im Sem-
TxvevaSic ki, roca rCeuli satrfo
idealuri siyvarulisgan Zalian
Sors aris. TiTqos erTs sWirdeba me-
ore, rogorc muza, da sapasuxo siyva-
rulis SemTxvevaSi, SesaZloa, sulac
dairRves es siuJeti da dasruldes
siyvarulic.
muza, rogorc miuRweveli, idea-
lurisken, RvTaebrivisken mudmiv
`swrafvaSi amyofebs mijnurs da es
aris misi `misia- tanjvis gziT Semec-
neba; fsiqikis amgvari siuJeti dair-
Rveva, Tu iqneba Tanaswori da sapasu-
xo siyvaruli. SeiZleba, siyvarulis
ierarqiaSi amgvari siyvaruli erTi
etapi iyos mxolod. eqimebi da fsiqo-
Terapevtebi sulis amgvar mdgomare-
obas aSlilobas da nervozis gamov-
linebas miaweren, radgan akviatebu-
li mijaWvuloba siyvarulis obieq-

16
tisadmi kargs arafers uqadis amkvia-
tebels (Seyvarebuls).
msoflio kultura literatura,
miTebi, yoveldRiuri cxovreba sav-
sea amgvari monuri siyvarulis siu-
JetebiT.
nimuSad Seqspiris es sonetic ga-
modgeba:
soneti 58
`maRalma RmerTma me Sens monad
radgan maqcia,
de, damifaros, Sevamowmo
Seni cxovreba,
mudam morCilad mogiwoneb
yvela saqciels,
me rom mona var,
es yovelTvis memaxsovreba.
neba momeci, avitano
tanjva wyeuli,
me simartove momisaja,
albaT, bunebam,
dagelodebi, moTminebas
Sengan Cveuli,
da arasodes ar gavbedav
Sens gamtyunebas,
aRarasodes momindeba
Seni daZraxva,
visTanac ginda, iq atare Jami,

17
 netari,
Sen ufleba gaqvs aisrulo
yvela ganzraxva
da apatio Tavs Senive
namoqmedari.
Cemi xvedria es lodini
jojoxeTuri,
ar unda damcdes samduravi
da sayveduri.
sxva sonetSi amave azrs agrZelebs
Seqspiri: `mona var Seni. morCilebac
monuri mmarTebs, mmarTebs lodini,
rom vixilo Seni saxeba;
ra Tqma unda, meore mxriv, mwera-
li srulad acnobierebs lirikuli
personaJis am mdgomareobas da ami-
tom wers:
`Tvalni damivso siyvaruliT, al-
baT, gamCenma,
siave Seni me sikeTed rom momaCvena...
knut hamsuns aqvs erTi patara
moTxroba, `siyvarulis monebi
hqvia.: kafe `maqsimilianes mimtans
TavdaviwyebiT Seuyvardeba erTi ma-
makaci, romelic kafes yoveldRe
stumrobs. qali yuradRebas miaqcevs,
radgan, sxvebisgan gansxvavebiT, am

18
mamakacs misTvis qaTinauri arasdros
uTqvams. kaci sxvazea Seyvarebuli
`yviTelkabian msaxiob qalbatonze.
mimtani qalisTvis amas mniSvneloba
ara aqvs, is exmareba mamakacs yvela-
ferSi, raSic da riTac SeuZlia: aZ-
levs fuls `yviTeli qalbatonis-
Tvis, uwmends kafeSi dasvril qur-
Tuks, erTi sityviT, `Tavs dastria-
lebs. kaci eubneba, rom ar uyvars da
am qals xSirad mimarTavs sityviT:
`mona (gmadlob, mona), rom is (mamaka-
ci), Tavis mxriv, `yviTeli qalbato-
nis monaa, magram es mizezi sulac ar
aferxebs Seyvarebul qals... bolos
mamakaci Tavis `yviTel qalbatons
gaekideba sxva qalaqSi, gaubedurebu-
li Seyvarebuli qali Tavs kedels ax-
lis, da roca, erT dResac, is gazeTSi
am kacis gardacvalebis ambavs wai-
kiTxavs, Tavs mis `qvrivs uwodebs...
aravin icis, siyvarulis ra formaa
es da rodemde SeiZleba gagrZeldes,
faqtia, rom arsebobs da tanjvis sa-
nacvlod aZlevs adamianebs sicoc-
xlis azrs.

19
siyvarulis es siuJeti akaki were-
Tels ase amRerebs:
`mSveniero, Sen getrfi,
Seni mona, erTguli,
SenTvis suldgmuls Senganve
SenTvis miZgers es guli
`monuri siyvarulis gansxvave-
bul formas xatavs aleqsandre Wav-
WavaZe leqsSi: `siyvarulo, Zalsa Sen-
sa. aq mTavari `xelmwife, TviT-
mpyrobeli Tavad siyvarulia, misi
udidebulesoba siyvaruli, xolo
mijnurebi arian `monebi (gulebi),
damorCilebulebi am RvTaebriv ener-
gias, romelSic yvela Tanabrdeba: me-
fe, mona, brZeni, xeli...
siyvarulo, Zalsa Sensa vin ars,
rome ar hmonebdes?
vin ars, rome gulsa taxtad,
oxrvas xarkad ara gcemdes?
Sengan mefe monas eymos,
Sengan brZeni xelad rebdes,
da bulbulsa rad eZraxvis,
rom Sengamo vards Sehyefdes!

siyvarulo, Zalsa Sensa

20
 yoveli grZnobs,
arsebs raca,
sjulsa Sensa yvela erCis:
beri, eri, mefe, ymaca;
xelmwife xar TviTmpyrobeli,
taxti mza gaqvs, hgieb saca,
gulebi gyavs qveSevrdomad,
amas mec vgrZnob da TviT sxvaca.

Senis uRlisgan gamosvla

neta undodes radme vis!
Tu Sen xar vnebis mizezi,
lxenac Sengan ar gveZlevis?
namdvil keTil ars gancxroma,
igi numc-odes gvelevis,
maSa cudia, Tu maSi
sibnelec arsiT erevis.
`siyvarulis xelmwifeba `mona-
morCilebis marTlac gansxvavebuli
fokusia, es aris `danebeba, `mindoba
RvTaebrivi energiisadmi da ara kon-
kretuli obieqtis (erTisa meoris mi-
marT) `monoba, riTac mniSvnelovnad
gansxvavdeba zemoT aRwerili `siyva-
rulis monobisgan, magram es Teori-

21
uli aRweraa... siyvaruli ki Teoriu-
lad da TeoriebSi ar vlindeba...
arsebobs, erTi mxriv, monuri siy-
varuli da, meore mxriv, siyvarulis
monoba...
eZieT gansxvaveba...

22
 siyvarulis metaforebi:
daavadeba

`yovel sneulebaze
siyvaruli Znelia,
oi da, SeyvarebulisaTvis,
oi da, naTelic ki bnelia...
akaki wereTeli

SeiZleba iTqvas, rom met-nakle-

bad arcerTi koncepti, sagani, mov-
lena ar darCenila, romelic siyva-
rulis metaforad ar qceula. arc
erT, Tundac universalur, metafo-
ras da arc yvelas erTad, ar SeuZlia,
srulad gamoxatos siyvarulis bune-
ba.
is aris stiqia (cecxli), romelic
wvavs da gardaqmnis, is mcenarea, ro-
melsac zrdi... Waa, romelSic varde-
bi; vardia, romelzec bulbuli ga-

23
lobs; sigiJea, romelic ar kontrol-
deba; daavadebaa, romelic ganukur-
nebelia da sxva da sxva...
magram romeli metafora mogcemT
siyvarulis srul axsnas? ra Tqma un-
da, vercerTi.
umetesad siyvarulis `axsnas ma-
inc poetebi da eqimebi cdiloben,
xSirad maTi daskvnebi erTnairic kia.
poetebis aRweriT:
`trfoba kvamlia, warmomdgari
oxvriT da xvneSiT,
xan, Tu aRegzno, cecxls
akvesebs mijnurT TvalebSi,
gza Tu dauxSes, cremlebis
zRvad iqceva maSin.
kidev ra aris siyvaruli?
sigiJe aris,
brZnuli sigiJe, naRveli da
simware mtkbari
(`romeo da julieta).
Tu SeqspirTan siyvaruli `brZnu-
li sigiJea, `vefxistyaosnis tarie-
lis siSleges brZnuls namdvilad ver
davarqmevT:
`brZeni, vin brZeni, ra brZeni, xeli
viTa iqms brZnobasa?

24
 eg saubari maSin xams,
TucaRa viyo cnobasa.
an:
aqimnica ikvirvebdes:
`ese seni ragvaria?
samkurnalo ara sWirs ra,
sevda rame Semohyria.
zogjer Smagad wamoviWri,
sityva mcTari wameria...
mijnuri xom isedac `Smags niSnavs
da ratom Smagdeba Seyvarebuli, amas
SoTa ase ganmartavs:
`mijnuri Smagsa gviqvian
arabuliTa eniTa,
miT rome Smagobs misisa
ver-mixvdomisa wyeniTa;
mouxelTeblis ver-moxelTeba da
miuwvdomlis ver-miwvdena aSmagebs
da aavadebs Seyvarebuls...
eqimebis ganmartebiT: siyvaruli
iwvevs fsiqikur aSlilobas, SfoTia-
nobas, temperaturis momatebas, uZi-
lobas, depresias da eiforias, cno-
bierebis dabindvas; pacientebi, diag-
noziT-siyvaruli, ganicdian Sepyro-
bilobas, araadekvaturebi arian, awu-
xebT trfobis sagnis akviateba... pro-

25
cesi ufro Sorsac SeiZleba wavides
da siyvaruli iqces sasikvdilo iara-
Rad.
semiotikuri aRweriT:
siyvarulis gamovlena samyaroSi
yvelaze metad aRiwereba terminiT-
semiozisi. siyvaruli semiozisis
procesia mudmivad formacvaleba-
di Rrubeli: xan avdris da xanac da-
ris momaswavebeli, gansxvavebuli
aromatebis gamosavlenad gansxvave-
buli metaforebis saTvales irgebs.
semiozisis Sedegia niSnis Seqmna;
siyvarulis metaforebi siyvarulis
niSnebadac SegviZlia ganvixiloT...
niSani ar aris is, rac am niSniT gamo-
iTqmis; siyvarulis yvela metafora
rom erTad SevkriboT, ubralod, mo-
zaikas miviRebT... yvela niSani xom ma-
inc pirobiTia...?
siyvarulis TiToeuli metafora
ganpirobebulia, yvela Tavisi kon-
teqsti aqvs... upirobo grZnobis pi-
robiTi niSnebiT gadmocema SeuZle-
belia. sabolood yvela niSani iSle-
ba, uqmdeba da misi azri mxolod is
aris, rom pirobaTa da formaTa sam-

26
yarodan Seqmnas naprali, romelic
sxva ganzomilebaSi gasasvlelia.
siyvarulis universaluri meta-
forebidan `avadmyofoba, `seni, `si-
giJe yovelTvis aqtualuri iyo da
aris. cota xnis win socialur qselSi
gavrcelda saxaliso informacia,
rom siyvaruli daavadebaTa nusxaSi
Seitanes. am Temas Semdeg bevri seri-
ozuli ganxilva da analizi mohyva
sxvadasxva saitsa da blogze.
`siyvaruli daavadebaa, romelsac
unda umkurnalo iseve, rogorc sxva
daavadebebs. Turme, nu ityviT, da
garkveuli niSnebiT siyvarulis daa-
vadeba moxvda iseTi daavadebebis
gverdiT, rogorebicaa: alkoholiz-
mi, narkomania, kleptomania da sxva
misTanebi. ar vici, vin Seumowma
msoflio jandacvis sazogadoebas es
daskvna, magram, faqtia, rom Tema aq-
tualuri aRmoCnda. Seyvarebulebis
avadmyofebad gamocxadeba axalic ar
aris, bevrsac sakuTar Tavze gamouc-
dia...
filosofosebi da fsiqologebi
siyvarulis SfoTvebs sxvagvar gan-

27
martebebs aZleven: jgufebad yofen,
axarisxeben da ase Semdeg. erTi eg
aris, rom mas veravin mkurnalobs.
mokled, siyvaruli am modelis mi-
xedviT, aris daavadebac da sxva daa-
vadebis gamomwvevic. sxva metaforu-
li modelis mixedviT ki, siyvarulia
is, riTac yvela daavadeba ikurneba.
bolo xanebSi or frangul films
vuyure: erTs hqvia: `siyvarulis
avadmyofoba da meores: `yvela daa-
vadebas siyvaruli kurnavs. Tavi-
danve gagafrTxileT, rom es grZnoba
imdenad ambivalenturia, erTdrou-
lad Seicavs `ki~-sac da `ara~-sac,
Savsac da TeTrsac, cxelsac da civ-
sac (`cxeli guli da `civi wylis ga-
dasxma), sitkbosac da simwaresac,
erTdroulad migizidavs da gangizi-
davs, dagwvavs da aRgadgens; guliani
da ugulo orive siyvarulis meta-
foraa...
yvela metaforis `gavlis Semdeg
dgeba albaT mTavari mdgomareoba:
siyvaruli RmerTia... RmerTi ki ganu-
martavia... siyvarulic...

28
 erT Tanamedrove sulier maswav-
lebels hkiTxes:
_ gviTxari, ra aris siyvaruli, ro-
melsac yvela ase eswrafvis?
man upasuxa: _ me ar SemiZlia giT-
xraT, ra aris siyvaruli, magram Se-
miZlia giTxraT, rac ar aris: Zala-
doba ar aris siyvaruli, emocia
ar aris siyvaruli, floba ar aris
siyvaruli. namdvili siyvaruli SeuZ-
lebelia, sityvebiT aRiweros, is un-
da ganicado... azri ara aqvs masze la-
paraks, radgan yvelaferi, rac viciT,
pirobiTia, namdvili siyvaruli ki
upiroboa: mas ara aqvs mizezi, ara
aqvs axsna, is ubralod aris da morCa!

29
 siyvarulis metaforebi:
RmerTi

`visac ar uyvars, mas ar Seucvnia

RmerTi,
vinaidan RmerTi siyvarulia.
1 ioane 4:8
Tuki me marTlac miyvars erTi adami-
ani, maSasadame, myvarebia yvela... me
myvarebia samyaro, sicocxle. Tu me
SemiZlia, vinmes vuTxra: `me Sen miy-
varxar, maSin me unda SemeZlos imis
Tqmac, rom `me SenSi yvelaferi miy-
vars, `me Seni meSveobiT mTeli samya-
ro miyvars, me SenSi sakuTari Tavi
miyvars.
erih fromi, `siyvarulis Teoria

siyvarulis metaforebic erTgva-

ri semiotikuri niSnebia, miniSnebebi,

30
romlebsac sabolood mivyavarT siy-
varulis mTavar metaforamde: siyva-
ruli RmerTia: `igia saqme sazeo,
momcemi aRmafrenaTa. manamde ki
mogzaurobs adamianis cnobiereba
labirinTebSi: eZiebs, ganicdis, itan-
jeba, cremlebs Rvris, ibrZvis, mar-
cxdeba, ecema da isev agrZelebs
gzas...
siyvarulis metaforebis ierarqi-
uli ruka rom SevadginoT, mwverval-
ze RvTaebrivi siyvaruli aRmoCnde-
ba. ra aris saerTod `RvTaebrivi siy-
varuli da SeuZlia Tu ara adamianis
cnobierebas am mwvervalze asvla...?
am kiTxvaze pasuxi `vefxistyao-
sanSic SegviZlia amovikiTxoT, _ ro-
gor transformirdebian personaJebi
siyvarulis gzaze, rogor aTavisuf-
leben sakuTar sulebs `qajeTis cixi-
dan. mxolod gaTavisuflebis Sem-
deg dgeba mTavari momenti: `naxes,
mzisa Sesayrelad gamoeSva mTvare
gvelsa da swored aq uqmdeba yvela
sxva metafora: siyvaruli-cecxli,
siyvaruli-vneba, siyvaruli-tanjva,
siyvaruli-daavadeba, siyvaruli-mo-

31
noba... qorwinebis RvTaebrivi aqtis
Semdeg satrfoTa cnobiereba gada-
dis sruliad axal ganzomilebaSi,
sxva samyaroSi, romelSic siyvaruli
`sazeo saqmea, iq arseboba mxolod
aRmafrenaa...
am gagebiT, `vefxistyaosani (mTe-
li poema) RvTaebrivi siyvarulis me-
taforaa, romelic gulisxmobs siyva-
rulis metaforebis erTgvar naviga-
cias: mas mihyvebian personaJebi da
masve unda gahyvnen mkiTxvelebic, ra-
Ta moipovon codna siyvarulis Sesa-
xeb da Semdeg es codna gaxadon praq-
tikuli, radgan, isev rusTavelis
TqmiT:
`ara viqm, codna ras margebs
filosofosTa brZnobisa,
miT viswavlebiT, mogveces
SerTva zesT mwyobrTa wyobisa.
wagikiTxavs, siyvarulsa
mociqulni ragvar weren?
viT ityvian, viT aqeben?
can, cnobani miaferen.
`siyvaruli aRgvamaRlebs
viT eJvanni amas JReren...

32
 codnisa da swavlebis saboloo mi-
zani am codnis amoqmedebaa, praqti-
kuli ganxorcieleba da SeeerTeba-
Serwyma ze-samyarosTan. siyvarulic
xom swored sa-ze-o saqmea, aRmafre-
nis, sixarulis, bednierebis momniWe-
beli.
siyvarulis Ziebis amgvari matri-
ca mraval teqstSi SegiZliaT amoic-
noT, mniSvneloba ar aqvs kulturas
da dros...
rumi am sazeo siyvarulis Sesaxeb
ityvis:
`Cveni ltolva sxvagvaria,
sxva Tavgadasavalia,
sxva wiaRTa bilikebi
Cveni gza-da-savalia.
iq, sadac satrfoebi RvTaebriv
energias erTvian, dro ar arsebobs:
`Cems erT arsebad rom iqceva
sivrce mravali,
Cemi sikeTe mze gaxdeba amomavali;
siyvarulis gzas sanTeliviT
mitom vanaTeb,
rom erT drod iqces namyo,
awmyo da momavali (rumi).
paulo koelios `alqimikosSi
RvTaebrivi siyvarulis gza swored

33
miniSnebebiTa da metaforebiTaa sav-
se... am gzaze midis mTavari gmiri, san-
tiago. am gzaze Sexvdeba igi fatimas,
romelsac wamsve Seicnobs, rogorc
satrfos: `me Sen miyvarxar, radgan
mTeli samyaro SeiTqva da damexmara,
rom mepove~.
`roca xiluli samyaros miRma su-
lier movlenebs vWvretT, maSin
RmerTis enac gasagebi xdeba; Cven mis
niSnebs vkiTxulobT. RmerTis ena
siyvarulis enaa, rasac santiago ara-
erTxel acnobierebs Tavisi xan-
grZlivi mogzaurobis gzaze. arse-
bobs unikaluri ena, yvelasTvis gasa-
gebi, Tumca amJamad daviwyebuli~
vkiTxulobT romanSi (gaga lomiZe,
`alqimikosis magiuri sinamdvile).
Tu Cven viciT, rom RmerTis ena
siyvarulis enaa da Tu Tanamedrove
adamiani ase eswrafvis siyvaruls,
maS, ratom ar SeuZlia mas, rom es `mi-
viwyebuli ena Seiswavlos...? am kiT-
xvaze saukeTeso pasuxi aqvs erih
froms `siyvarulis TeoriaSi: ` yve-
las swyuria siyvaruli, magram sxva
yvelaferi gacilebiT ufro mniSvne-

34
lovnad aris miCneuli, iqneba es ka-
rieruli winsvla, prestiJi, fuli,
qoneba, Zalaufleba. mTeli Cveni
energia miemarTeba am miznebis miRwe-
visaken da TiTqmis araferi, siyvaru-
lis xelovnebis Sesaswavlad...
fromis azriT, siyvaruli xelov-
nebaa da mas ise unda moveqceT, ro-
gorc xelovnebas: jer SeviswavloT
Teoriulad da Semdeg daveufloT
praqtikulad, da amasac sakmarisad
ar miiCnevs. misi azriT, Tu cnobie-
reba mTlianad ar koncentrirda siy-
varulze, ise araferi gamova; is unda
vkveboT Cveni gamudmebuli yuradRe-
biT. Tanamedrove adamians ki amis dro
ar aqvs, is sul `gaqcevazea, `gadarbe-
nazea, `sadRac eCqareba... amasobaSi
ki adamiani mxolod sakuTari Tavidan
garbis, misi siyvaruli zedmetad ego-
isturi da `momxmarebluria, amitom
aris, rom is problemas eZebs partni-
orSi, icvlis partniorebs, magram ma-
inc martosulad rCeba.
`adamianebis umravlesoba mainc
darwmunebulia, rom siyvaruli da-
mokidebulia obieqtze da ara codna-

35
ze an niWze. aseTebi imasac ki fiqro-
ben, rom es maTi siyvarulis Zalis
dadasturebaa, radgan aravin uyvarT,
garda Tavisi `Seyvarebulisa. rad-
gan maT ar esmiT, rom siyvaruli es
aqtiurobaa, sulis Zalaa. maT hgoni-
aT, rom mTavaria, ipovon Sesaferisi
obieqti, xolo mere yvelaferi Ta-
visTavad ganviTardeba. aseTi midgo-
ma hgavs iseTi adamianis pozicias,
romelsac surs xatva, magram imis
nacvlad, rom ferweras daeuflos,
gamudmebiT imeorebs, rom man ubra-
lod unda ipovos Sesabamisi peizaJi
da amis Semdeg SeZlebs Seqmnas Sedev-
ri~ (erih fromi).
gaixseneT rusTavelis `siyvaru-
lis Teoria, ramdeni moeTxoveba
satrfos:
,,mijnursa Tvalad siturfe
hmarTebs, marT viTa mzeoba
sibrZne, simdidre, siuxve,
siyme da mocaleoba,
ena, goneba, daTmoba,
mZleTa mebrZolTa mZleoba.
visca es srulad ara sWirs,
aklia mijnurT zneoba.

36
 `mocaleobaSi is igulisxmeba,
rom cnobiereba unda iyos sxva yve-
lafrisgan Tavisufali, raTa SeeZ-
los RvTaebriv siyvaruls masSi dava-
neba, sxva danarCenisTvis ki arsebobs:
`xelobani qvenani, romelni xorcTa
hxvdebian...
siyvaruli RmerTia visTvisac es
metafora ubralo metafora ki ara,
cnobierebis mdgomareobaa, is yovel-
dRe saubrobs RmerTTan siyvarulis
enaze.

37
 siyvarulis metaforebi:
mcenare

`msurs, Zvirfaso, saidumlo

gagimxilo Cemi,
giTxra mokled, ori sityviT
da gasageb eniT:
me miwaSi Caval mxolod Seni
siyvaruliT,
me miwidan amomiyvans
siyvaruli Seni.

omar xaiami

`im Znel xes sulSi amoyvana unda,

adamianebo, Tqvens kldovan sulSi!
guram doCanaSvili

38
 `vzi mzrdelad siyvarulisa, mis
Cemgan danergulisad... wers nesta-
ni tariels. da ai, siyvarulis kidev
erTi metafora `vefxistyaosnidan:
siyvaruli mcenarea, Seyvarebulis
mTavari daniSnuleba am mcenaris mov-
la-patronoba da gazrdaa. siyvaruls
gansakuTrebuli klimaturi pirobebi
esaWiroeba harmoniuli zrdisTvis
da am pirobebs Soris `mze aucilebe-
lia. siTbo da sinaTle kvebavs siyva-
rulis mcenares, amitom aris, rom
`vefxistyaosnis mijnurebi mzes ed-
rebian.
`mze uSenod ver iqmnebis, radgan
Sen xar misi wili,

39
 ganaRamca mas eaxel, misi etli ars
Tu wbili (nestani tariels).
siyvarulis mcenares nestani
zrdis sulSi, es mcenare vardia, mag-
ram mze-tarielis Suqis gareSe vardi
Wkneba. `mzeman Suqni Semomagdna, var-
di miT var ar-damzrali, ambobs
nestani. Tu mzis Suqs elodeba vardi,
maSin: `mzisa SuqTa momlodine vardi
sam dRe ar daWnebis, magram Tu did-
xans gagrZelda umzeoba: `magra var-
dsa umzeoba gaaxmobs da fersa ak-
lebs.
siyvarulis vardi mijnurebs So-
ris xarobs, radgan Tu erTi mijnuri
niadagia mcenarisTvis, meore mzea...
da orives zrunva mcenareze aucile-
beli pirobaa siyvarulisTvis.
avTandilic ase ganicdis siyva-
ruls: `gulsa missa mijnuroba misi
hqonda damalulad, ra moSordis,
vermWvretelman vardi Seiqms fernak-
lulad.
xolo TinaTini ucxo moymis saZeb-
nelad mimaval mijnurs ase acilebs:
`kvlaca hkadra: `aha, mzeo, raTgan
RmerTman mzed dagbada,

40
 miT gmorCilobs zecieri mnaTobia
raca sada,
me rom Tqvengan movismine wyalo-
bani mediada,
vardi Cemi ar daWnebis, Suqi Seni
iefad a.
`velad gaWril, unugeSo mdgoma-
reobaSi Cavardnil tariels avTan-
dili eubneba: `Tu sikvdili gijobs,
mokve, vardi daWknes, da-ca-mWknara!
amiT imas mianiSnebs, rom Tu ar ib-
rZolebs, siyvarulis vardi daWkne-
ba... siyvarulis vardebis dakrefa
mxolod mas SeuZlia, vinc mzad aris,
rom misi eklebic miiRos: `ar ici,
vardi ueklod aravis moukrebian?
fatman-xaTunic ki ase afasebs av-
Tandils:
`Sen gtrfialoben mWvretelni,
SenTvis sabralod bndebian,
vardi xar, mikvirs bulbulni rad
ar Sen zeda krfebian!
Seni Sveneba yvavilTa aWnobs, Cemi-
ca Wnebian,
srulad damwvarvar, Tu mzisa Suq-
ni ar momeswrebian.

41
 siyvarulis mcenare nebismieri Se-
iZleba iyos, es, ubralod, Semoqmedis
fantaziazea damokidebuli.
vardi universaluri konceptia
siyvarulis gamosaxatavad, zogis-
Tvis is ukve Sablonuria, Tumca, rac
unda Caenacvlos, aq mTavari erTia:
siyvaruli mcenarea da Tu is mcena-
rea, SevecadoT am rakursiT davina-
xoT: mas sWirdeba Sesabamisi niadagi,
mas sWirdeba sinaTle da sxva pirobe-
bi, raTa srulad gamoavlinos Tavisi
mSveniereba... umetesad mas sWirdeba
eklebic, imis aRsaniSnavad, rom arc
ise iolia misi dapyroba, rom didi
mcedloba sWirdeba adamians, eklebs
ar SeuSindes. erTi aseTi mSvenieri
ekliani mcenaris kaktusis meta-
fora Seqmna guram doCanaSvilma `sa-
mosel pirvelSi, yvelas gaxsovT al-
baT es fragmenti:
"mec TqvensaviT viyavi erTxans,
mxolod Cemianebi miyvarda. da mere,
CemTvis moulodnelad, sulSi game-
furCqna ucnauri, siyvarulis mcena-
re.

42
- aba Tu mixvdebiT, romeli?
-yayaCo!
-ara, Cqara Wkneba...
-enZela!
- nazia Zalze...
- georgini!
- gafofrilia...
- vardi!
- Sablonuria...
- aba ra?!
- da uceb sulSi gamefurCqna ucnau-
ri mcenare,
- siyvarulis kaktusi,
- ekliani da eklebiani,
oRondac saocrad tkbili iyo misi
yoveli Cxvleta, da ai, axlac, Tqven
rom giyurebT, axlac, mCxvlets..."

vardi da kaktusi gansxvavebuli,

magram konceptualurad msgavsi mce-
nareebia... orive ekliania da sitkbo-
simwaris es nazavi qmnis kidec siyva-
rulis gansakuTrebul aromats.

43
 rodesac siyvarulis mcenared
mwerali velur yvavils irCevs, amiT
Tavisuflebas aniWebs upiratesobas:
~siyvaruli oTaxis yvavili ki ar
aris, aramed veluri mcenarea, rome-
lic nestiani Ramisgan, erTsaaTiani
mzis sxivebisa da veluri Teslisgan
iSva da veluri qarisgan irxeva. ve-
luri mcenare, romelic rodesac be-
dis manqanebiT Cvens baRSi yvavis,
Cven mas yvavils vuwodebT. Cveni ba-
Ris gareT ayvavebuls ki sarevelas
veZaxiT. magram rac unda vuwodoT,
misi surneli da feri yovelTvis ve-
luria~ (~forsaitebis saga~, jon
golzuorTi).

arsebobs aseTi TamaSi: `yvavilna-

ri hqvia, am TamaSSi yvavilebs Tavisi
gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba aqvT da
maTi gacvliT Seyvarebulebi erTma-
neTs saidumlos umxelen...
am TamaSSi gansakuTrebuli is
aris, rom siyvarulis metaforebad
yvavilebi gamoiyeneba, maTi feris,
aromatis gaTvaliswinebiT ki sasiy-
varulo urTierTobebis niuansebi. es

44
TamaSi im samyaros kuTvnilebaa, ro-
melSic adamianebs pirdapiri gamo-
xatva ekrZalebodaT.... Tanamedrove
adamians aRaraferi ekrZaleba, mag-
ram arc araferi darCa yvavilebis
enaze gamosaxatavi...
marTalia mistikosi, roca ambobs:
`siyvaruli iSviaTi yvavilia, is iSvi-
aTad yvavilobs. milionobT adamiani
Tavs ityuebs, rom uyvarT erTmaneTi.
maT swamT, rom uyvarT, magram es
rwmenaa da ara siyvaruli.... siyvaru-
li iSviaTi yvavilia... iSviaTad, mag-
ram is yvavilobs... da es maSin xdeba,
roca SiSi qreba. es niSnavs, rom Seyva-
reba mxolod Rrmad sulier adamians
SeuZlia... gacnoba da seqsi SeuZlia
yvelas... magram ara siyvaruli...
(oSo).

45
 siyvarulis metaforebi:
sasmel-sakvebi

`momwyurdi axla, is momwyurdi,

viT ubinaos yofna binaSi...
galaktioni
`maradiuloba! maradiuloba! swo-
red es aris wyurvili, wyurvili ma-
radmyofobisa, is, rasac siyvaruls
uwodeben, adamianebs Soris siyva-
ruls, rameTu or adamians roca er-
TmaneTi uyvars, es imas niSnavs, rom
erTs unda ukvdavyos Tavisi Tavi me-
oreSi. is, rac ar aris maradiuli,
arc realuria...
migel de unamuno
`ukvdavebis wyurvili

siyvarulis kidev erTi universa-

luri fiziologiuri metafora: Sim-

46
Sili da wyurvili. siyvaruli gvwyu-
ria da suli ikvebeba siyvaruliT...
marTalia, es gansakuTrebuli sas-
mel-sakvebia da, umetesad, wyurvils
ver iklav, magram gamudmebulad mi-
eltvi am grZnobas, rogorc mSier-
mwyurvali da ikargebi da irevi masSi
srul gaqrobamde.
siyvaruli sakvebia da amitom mas
aqvs gemo, es gemo xan tkbilia da xan -
mware, xanac tkbil-mware, magram
rogorc akaki wereTeli ityoda:
`vin aris, rom Sensa sitkbos
sicocxle ar Seuwonos?
diax, umetesad siyvaruli sit-
kboa, amitomac frazeologiaSi arse-
bobs gamonaTqvami: `siyvarulis sit-
kbo. sakvebsa da sitkbosTanaa dakav-
Sirebuli agreTve frazeologiuri
metaforebi: Taflobis Tve... kanfe-
tiviT qali, SokoladiviT kani.... siy-
varulis gemo, Seni tuCebis gemo, mar-
wyviviT bageebi, TvalebiT Troba da
sxva. am tipis frazeologizmebi uni-
versaluria da yvela kulturaSia
gavrcelebuli.

47
 siyvaruli sasmelia, amitom misiT,
rogorc sasmeliT, Tvrebian, fraze-
ologizmi `siyvarulma damaTro
swored aqedan gamomdinareobs.
siyvarulis gemos gasinjva ki eti-
mologiurad, SesaZloa, edemis baRSi
adamisa da evas mier akrZaluli xi-
lis gasinjvidan momdinareobdes.
mokled, siyvarulis gemos ver gai-
geb, Tu ar daagemovne... anu: miirTmev
siyvaruls... rogori gemo aqvs mas, es
sruliad individualuria, magram
faqti erTia: am saidumlos rom Cas-
wvde, unda gasinjo...
mokled, ra xilia siyvaruli? ro-
gorc Cans, am xilis gemo yovelTvis
icodnen:
`axla ki minda, mogiTxroT visisa
da raminis siyvarulis ambavi. es visi
da ramini daaxloebiT ori aTasi wlis
winaT cxovrobdnen iranSi. metyviT,
raRa drois adamisJamobis siyvarul-
ze laparakia, maSin icodnen ki, siyva-
ruli ra xili iyoo! scodniaT, ba-
tono, da es xili gemozedac usin-
javT xolme, rogorc ki amis SemTxve-
va miscemiaT. (visisa da raminiis siy-

48
varulis ambavi, faxr ed-din gorga-
neli).
Tu ufro Sors wavalT Zlieri siy-
varulis gamosaxatavad kanibalur
metaforebsac mivadgebiT. sayvarel
adamians xSirad mimarTaven: minda
SegWamo, Cagylapo, Cagaxramuno...
amiT TiTqos gamoixateba siyvarulis
obieqtis srulad flobis survili
da wyurvili (romlis msubuqi forme-
bicaa: Cqmeta, kbena... ).
erTgvar kanibalur rituals war-
moadgens patrik ziuskindis romani
`sunamo, romelSic mSvenieri, umanko
arsebebi iwirebian imisaTvis, rom maT
surnels flobdes mTavari persona-
Ji grenui, raTa sakuTari simyrale
daiviwyos... is `Wams qalebs, raTa ik-
vebos maTi surneliT.
`arqaul kulturebSi mamakaci
,,mWamelia, qali ki ,,saWmeli,
Tumc, levi-strosis azriT, miTolo-
giur planSi xSirad xdeba am Tanmim-
devrobis invertireba, Sebruneba, ri-
si nimuSicaa ,,vagina dentata~ ,,mWame-
lobis invertirebisas kosmogoni-
ur-miTosur planSi qalis funqciis

49
gaaqtiurebis SemTxvevaSic mamakaci
inarCunebs Tavis sawyis mdgomareo-
bas. igi isev ,,qalismWamelad rCeba,
magram amave procesSi Tavadac ,,SeW-
mulia~ ,,kacismWameli qali-urCxu-
lis mier. ,,mWamelobis ormagi kodi-
reba mdedri da mamri ori urCxulis
,,kosmogoniur-seqsualuri wre co-
ta ufro mogvianebiT Cndeba miTo-
logiur warmodgenebsa Tu alqimiur
ikonografiaSi ,,erTmaneTismWameli
wreSekruli urCxulebis saxiT~ (xa-
Tuna TavdgiriZe, miTosuri simula-
ciebi da mSvenieri urCxuli).
semantikuri kavSiri siyvaruli
sakvebi efuZneba miTologiur az-
rovnebas da kulturis ganviTarebis
yvela safexurze poulobs Tavis ga-
moxatulebas. Wama da seqsualuri aq-
ti imdenad aris dakavSirebuli er-
TmaneTTan, rom zog enaSi es ori cne-
ba erTi sityviT aRiniSneba. es Rrma
etimologiuri da arqauli kavSiri
ganapirobebs Tanamedrove sareklamo
enaSi kvebis produqtebis dakavSire-
bas seqsualobasTan.

50
 Zalian popularuli gaxda Thames
Valley Police-s mier Seqmnili socialu-
ri reklama Cai da seqsi romelSic
iumoristulad, mxiarulad gadmoce-
mulia informacia seqsis SeTavazeba-
ze (Cais SeTavazebis metaforiT).
reklamis mizania seqsze sazogadoeb-
rivi cnobierebis amaRleba da mTava-
ri mesiji: seqsi Tanxmobis gareSe ga-
upatiurebaa.

da mainc, ra aris siyvarulSi Sim-

Sili da wyurvili? an `urTierTSeW-
mis strategiis saboloo mizani?

51
 es citata saukeTeso pasuxia:
`yofna! yofna maradiulad!
yofna usasrulod!
wyurvili yofnisa!
SimSili RmerTisa!
wyurvili maradiuli da ukvdavi
siyvarulisa!
yofna dausabamod! yofna Rmer-
Tad! (migel de unamuno).

52
 siyvarulis 99 metafora

`siyvarulis 99 metafora ase

hqvia erT-erT internetgamocemas,
romelSic avtor-Semdgenelma Richard
Nordquist-ma Tavi mouyara yvela dro-
is adamianTa siyvarulis metaforebs
literaturidan, kinodan, interviue-
bidan, simRerebidan, statiebidan da
sxva... Semdeg warmoaCina is metafora-
konceptebi, romlebic avlenen siyva-
rulis gansxvavebul aspeqtebs.
da ratom 99 metafora da ara
100? avtors am kiTxvaze konceptua-
luri pasuxi aqvs: me-100 metafora
unda SeqmnaT Tqven! diax, Tqvenc...
vinc axla am striqonebs kiTxulobs...
siyvarulis yvela Teoria rom Se-
iswavloT da yvela metafora daize-
piroT, amiT mxolod Teoriul cod-

53
nas daagrovebT siyvarulis Sesaxeb,
da es ar iqneba siyvaruli... dagrovi-
li codnis gamoyenebiT advilad Se-
giZliaT, `gaakeToT metafora (aseve
warmatebiTaa SesaZlebeli leqsis ga-
keTebac), diax, `gaakeToT da ara,
SeqmnaT...
magram sul sxvaa, rodesac Tavad
qmniT da es sruliad bunebrivi da
Zaldautanebeli procesia mxolod
im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac Tqven giy-
varT, Tqven atarebT siyvaruls (uf-
ro swori iqneboda, rom siyvaruli
gatarebT Tqven), rodesac Seyvare-
buli xarT. am dros Sinagani azri
cdilobs, forma miiRos da gareT ga-
movides... es Zalian hgavs iseT pro-
cess, rodesac gadawyviteT, Rruble-
bisgan samosi SekeroT da Rrublebis
samosi ki Sekervis Semdegac ganag-
rZobdes cvlilebas... swored aseTia
metaforis buneba. is imiT gansxvav-
deba Cveulebrivi saleqsikono sit-
yvebisagan, rom mas ar gaaCnia mudmi-
vad miniWebuli mniSvneloba, iseTi
mniSvneloba, rogoric aqvT sagnebs:

54
wigni, magida, kompiuteri, Wiqa da
sxva...
amitom metaforebis Seqmna alqi-
miaa... ori elementis moulodneli da
uecari kavSiri... aseTive alqimiaa me-
taforebis gageba-SegrZneba, diax,
SegrZneba, radgan is dakavSirebulia
Cvens emociur bunebasTan, Cvens au-
dialur, vizualur, kinesTetikur
SegrZnebebTan. metafora cocxldeba
maSin, rodesac mas mkiTxveli Seig-
rZnobs, `exeba, esec ukve axali
ori elementis qimiaa...
metaforebi Seqmnis Semdeg iZenen
damoukidebel cxovrebas da gansxva-
vebulad transformirdebian TiToe-
ulis cnobierebaSi. es arasdros aris
dasrulebuli procesi, yovelTvis
icvleba, radgan icvleba mimRebi
Cveni cnobiereba. mas cvlis garemo,
ganwyoba, cnobierebis mdgomareoba,
sizmari, dRis STabeWdilebebi, amin-
dic ki.... ver vityviT zustad: meta-
forebs movyavarT rezonansSi Tu
Cveni Sinagani mdgomareoba eZebs re-
zonansul teqstebs, raTa am mdgoma-
reobam sakuTari Tavi dainaxos da Se-

55
icnos...? albaT ufro ormxrivi pro-
cesia Cveni teqstebTan da metafo-
rebTan kavSiri.
Richard Nordquist-is mier moZiebuli
siyvarulis metaforebi aris yvela-
ze aRiarebuli da universaluri kon-
ceptebic: siyvaruli cecxli, avad-
myofoba, RmerTi, mcenare, frinveli,
okeane... da yvelaze umniSvnelo sag-
nebic, romlebic ufro zustad gamo-
xataven siyvarulis arsis erT rome-
lime aspeqts (radgan eniT SeuZlebe-
lia srulyofili gamoxatva): Toki,
margaliti, Zafi, gasaRebi, kedeli,
tvirTi, ankesi, galia, samarTebeli...
`siyvaruli es aris fortepiano,
gadmovardnili meoTxe sarTulis
fanjridan. Tqven ki aRmoCndiT aras-
wor adgilas araswor dros (Ani
DiFranco, "Two Little Girls," 1998).
am metaforiT siyvarulis mou-
lodneli da damangreveli bunebaa
gamoxatuli da mniSvnelovania, rom
fortepiano gecema Tavze da ara,
vTqvaT, magida an karada... nadgurde-
ba sagani, romelic musikis Seqmnas em-
saxureba... Cven ver vityviT, rom es

56
ar aris siyvaruli, rom siyvaruli
mxolod Senebaa da ara ganadgure-
ba... siyvaruli did tkivilebTan aris
dakavSirebuli da am metaforaSi swo-
red es niuansia winwamoweuli.
ai, kidev erTi Zalian saintereso
metafora:
`siyvaruli aris samarTebeli,
bevrad Zlieri, vidre me,
man daWra saSleli,
me vcdlobdi, wameSala Senze mo-
gonebebi...
(Benji Hughes, "Love Is a Razor," 2008).
roca siyvaruli adamianze Zlie-
ria, maSin is Tavad icavs Tavs da moq-
medebs adamianis survilis winaaR-
mdeg. rodesac adamians surs, waSa-
los da gaaqros siyvaruli... maSin
siyvaruli xdeba samarTebeli da
Wris saSlels, romliTac `waSlas
upireben.
am metaforaSi ki adamiani siyvaru-
lis (margalitis, ganZis) maZiebelia,
myvinTavi, romelmac margaliti
zRvis fskerze unda aRmoaCinos:
`siyvaruli aris margaliti, me
myvinTavi; zRva, patara sastumro,

57
taverna: me vyvinTav iq, sad veZebo ha-
eri?
(Hafez, "Forty")
siyvaruli SeiZleba iyos usaxlka-
ro bavSvic...
`da siyvaruli aris
usaxlkaro biWi, romelic eZebs
ganZs
SuawvimaSi da naxulobs tomaras
oqros monetebiT da
nel-nela aRmoaCens,
rom isini savsea SokoladiT
da miuxedavad imisa,
rom is gulgatexilia,
mas ar SeuZlia Civili,
radgan mSieri iyo.
(Robert "BO" Burnham)
am da sxva saintereso metaforebs
SegiZliaT gaecnoT am linkze:
http://grammar.about.com/od/rhetoricstyle/a
/lovemetaphors.htm

P. S.
aq `siyvarulis 99 metaforaa... da,
rac yvelaze mTavaria, amis Semdeg
Tqven unda SeqmnaT Tqveni siyvaru-
lis metafora... ara cnebebiT da tra-

58
faretuli aRwerebiT... ara! Seeca-
deT, `TargmnoT gancdaTa da emocia-
Ta ena sagnebis, movlenebis, faqte-
bis... yvelaze ufro moulodneli kav-
SirebiT, romlebic Tqveni unikaluri
siyvarulis SegrZnebas gamoxatavs
da, SeuZlebelia, hgavdes sxvas...

59
 siyvarulis metaforebi:
`SeWama batkanma vardi
Tu ara...?~

`Tu yvavili giyvars, romelic

sadRac, varskvlavze xarobs,
sixaruliT Sescqeri RamiT cas da
yvela varskvlavi yvavis SenTvis...
ekziuperi, `patara ufliswuli

SegiZliaT, gaixsenoT siyvarulis

erTi metafora, romelic dagamaxsov-
rdaT, romelmac gavlena moaxdina
Tqvenze an romelic am kiTxvis das-
mis Semdeg gacocxldeba Tqvens cno-
bierebaSi?
metaforebis saidumlo isaa, rom
isini, Cveni Zalisxmevis miuxedavad,
cnobiersa da aracnobierSi ganag-
rZoben Tavisufal moZraobas da aya-
libeben aRqmisa da Semecnebis saku-

60
Tar parametrebs. ver getyviT, rom
romelime metaforis mier modelire-
buli msoflmxedveloba upiratesia,
aq saerTod ar igulisxmeba amgvari
`Sejibris momenti. Cveni mowoneba-
armowoneba yovelTvis ganpirobebu-
lia da damokidebulia Zalian bevr
qveteqstze: asociaciebi, piradi ga-
mocdileba, kulturisa da aRzrdis
konteqsti, guneba-ganwyoba da sxva
mravali. maT Soris, SesaZloa, rom
siyvarulis zogierTi metaforis mo-
woneba verc avxsnaT, radgan, erTi Se-
xedviT, arc logikuria da arc ganpi-
robebuli.
mokled, siyvarulis metaforebi
iseTive auxsneli SeiZleba iyos, ro-
goric Tavad es grZnobaa. Cven mxo-
lod mis gamovlenil elfers vebRau-
WebiT, rodesac gvinda, rom rogorme
avxsnaT da CavwvdeT mis bunebas. ma-
inc ramdeni SeiZleba iyos siyvaru-
lis elferi? ra Tqma unda, mas cisar-
tyelas ferebi ar eyofa... fersa da
elfers aucileblad daemateba: gemo,
surneli, SegrZnebebi... da es yvela-

61
feri imdenia, ramdeni Seyvarebuli
wyvilic arsebobs samyaroSi.
simarTle giTxraT, roca TviTon
vcade imis garkveva, pirvelad siyva-
rulis romeli metafora gamaxsende-
boda sul sxva metaforebi amotiv-
tivda gonebaSi, magram axla, rodesac
weras Sevudeqi, iseTi teqsti gamax-
senda, manamde masze, rogorc siyva-
rulis metaforaze, arc mifiqria, da
weris procesSi albaT avxsni, ratom
mgonia, rom ekziuperis `patara uf-
liswuli Tavidan bolomde siyvaru-
lis metaforaa.
TiTqos suli mogzaurobs sxva-
dasxva planetaze da akvirdeba adami-
anebs, romlebic uazro fusfusSi
CarTulan da sakuTari Tavi daviwye-
biaT, an cdiloben, rom daiviwyon.
`Tavis daviwyeba sulis daviwyebaa...
sulis gareSe ki verasdros veravis
SeiyvarebT namdvilad... sworedac, es
patara moTxroba siyvarulzea... mTa-
vari metafora vardia, romelic pa-
tara ufliswulis planetaze xarobs
da romelze fiqrsac daatarebs igi
mTeli mogzaurobis ganmavlobaSi.

62
 siyvarulis arsi ki ai, am winadade-
biTaa gamoxatuli: `Tu yvavili giy-
vars, romelic sadRac, varskvlavze
xarobs, sixaruliT Sescqeri RamiT
cas da yvela varskvlavi yvavis Sen-
Tvis...
am moTxrobis yvela dialogi su-
lisa da siyvarulis Ziebaa... da wuxi-
lic imis gamo, rac siCqareSi dakarga
adamianma:
` adamianebi, Tqva patara uf-
liswulma, Cqari matareblebiviT
daqrian, magram TviTonac ar ician,
ras daeZeben. amitomaa, rom mosveneba
daukargavT da aqeT-iqeT awydebian.
adamianebi mTeli cxovreba avto-
matur reJimSi cxovroben... iTvlian,
muSaoben, dadgenil wesebs emorCile-
bian, etikets icaven... magram bednie-
rebi ar arian, mainc ver pouloben
imas, rasac eZeben...
` Seni planetis adamianebs,
miTxra patara ufliswulma, erT
baRSi xuTi aTasi vardi aqvT, magram
mainc ver pouloneb imas, rasac dae-
Zeben.

63
 - ver pouloben... davudasture
me.
- xolo is, rasac isini daeZeben,
SeiZleba erTaderT vardSi an erT
ylup wyalSi ipovos kacma.
- marTalia, isev mivuge me.
- magram Tvali bramaa. adamiani gu-
liT unda xedavdes...
sadRac, siRrmeSi, yovelTvis ima-
leba saidumlo, romelic unda moZeb-
nos da aRmoaCinos adamianma, rogorc
udabnoSi Wis wyali aRmoaCina patara
ufliswulma...
mravalTagan erTi mxolod maSin
xdeba gamorCeuli, rogorc ki yurad-
Rebas masze gadaitan, rogorc ki siy-
varuliT zrunvas daiwyeb. amas eZaxis
melia `moSinaurebas. siyvaruli iw-
yeba maSin, rodesac Cven vinmes ise
moviSinaurebT, rom erTaderTi gax-
deba.
kiTxvaze: ra aris moSinaureba?
melia upasuxebs:
` SenTvis me mxolod iseTi melia
var, rogoricaa asi aTasi sxva melia,
magram Tu momiSinaureb, Cven saWiro
gavxdebiT erTmaneTisTvis. Sen erTa-

64
derTi iqnebi amqveynad CemTvis da
mec erTaderTi viqnebi SenTvis...
- mgoni migixvdi, Tqva patara
ufliswulma... erT yvavils vicnob,
man, mgoni, momiSinaura.
- SeiZleba, miugo meliam, ra ar
xdeba dedamiwaze.
- o, ara, es dedamiwaze ar momxda-
ra, Tqva patara ufliswulma.
da ai, brundeba patara ufliswu-
li Tavis planetaze da gvitovebs ma-
radiul kiTxvas... am kiTxvaze pasuxi
TiToeulma damoukideblad unda
ipovoT. es Zalian, Zalian mniSvnelo-
vani pasuxia...
Tqveni ar vici da, rodesac var-
skvlavebian cas avyureb, iq yovel-
Tvis vxedav patara ufliswulis pla-
netas, erTaderTi vardi rom daur-
gavs Tavis planetaze da mxolod mas
elaparakeba, masze zrunavs da uv-
lis... yvavilic Tavis surnelebas da
silamazes uxvad afrqvevs satrfos...
siyvaruli vardis movlaa sakuTar
planetaze, es planeta zemoT, var-
skvlavebian caSic SegiZliaT aRmoa-
CinoT, da Tu ufro yuradRebianebi
65
iqnebiT, is ufro axlosaa TqvenTan
da TqvenSi... is patara planeta Tqveni
gulia, romelSic siyvarulis yva-
vils axarebT... an axarebT da an
klavT..
amitom mniSvnelovania, kidev er-
Txel gavixsenoT `patara ufliswu-
lis finali:
`es ambavi didi saidumloebiTaa
moculi. CemTvis iseve, rogorc
TqvenTvis, visac patara ufliswuli
giyvarT, mTeli qveyana Seicvleba, Tu
sadRac, samyaros romeliRac uxilav
mxareSi, batkanma, romelic TvaliT
ar gvinaxavs, vardi SeWama.
axedeT zecas da ikiTxeT: `SeWama
batkanma vardi Tu ara? da dainaxavT,
rogor Seicvleba yvelaferi...
magram didebi verasdros mixvde-
bian, ramodena ramaa es!

66
 Jak preveri `rogor unda
daxato Citis portreti~

Tu ginda, teqstis azri gaigo,

masSi unda `Sexvide... Tvalebi unda
daxuWo da mihyve instruqcias... aseT
dros sityvebi ar aris ubralod cne-
bebi, isini iqcevian vizualur, kinema-
tografiul kadrebad... cocxldeba
teqsti da Sen masSi mxolod Tanamo-
nawile ki ara, TanaSemoqmedi xar da
Tumca teqsti-instruqcia yvelas-
Tvis erTia, Cven viRebT imden ambavs,
ramdeni mkiTxvelic hyavs am teqsts.
ai, aseTi leqsia Jak preveris `ro-
gor unda daxato Citis portreti.
warmosaxvis gareSe am leqss ver wai-
kiTxavT da Tu waikiTxavT, ver ig-
rZnobT da verafers gaigebT. roca
poeziis leqciaze studentebTan er-

67
Tad es leqsi wavikiTxe, Zalian Semoq-
medebiTi gamovida. leqsi iwyeba ase:
jer daxate
karRia galia,
mere daxate
raime lamazi,
raime martivi,
raime mimzidveli,
raime sasargeblo -
CitisaTvis...
TiToeulma studentma dawvrile-
biT aRwera sakuTari warmosaxva: ro-
gori galia daxates da ra SeurCies
galiaSi Cits... mravalferovani kad-
ri gamogvivida... Semdegi epizodi is
iyo, galia gaetanaT tyeSi, WalaSi an
baRSi, tilo xeze miemagrebinaT, xo-
lo TviTon xis ukan damaluliyvnen.

es kadric STambeWdavi gamovida:

yvelam airCia sxvadasxva xe, sxvadas-
xvagvarad daimalnen: zogi xes naxev-
rad amoefara, rom galiisTvis Tvali
ar moeSorebina, zogi xeze avida da
foTlebSi Seimala, zogma cxvirwin

68
daikida galia da sulmouTqmelad
daeloda Citis mofrenas...
Semdeg ukve iwyeboda lodini...
aravin icoda, rodis mofrindeboda
Citi da mofrindeboda Tu ara saer-
Tod... magram mTavari iyo, rom mxneo-
ba ar dagekargaT... am epizodSi ki zog
students moTminebam umtyuna: `did-
xans ver davelodebi, Tu mosvla un-
da, droze movides... ` zogi ki Tanax-
ma iyo, rom ar danebeboda da usasru-
lod dalodeboda Citis mofrenas...
teqsti iZleva imis saSualebas,
rom Tavad gadawyvito, mofrindeba
Tu ara Citi... da visi Citic mofrin-
deboda, iwyeboda axali epizodi:
`Citi rom mofrindeba
(Tu mofrindeba),
daakvirdi uZiro siCumes,
daicade, sanam is galiaSi Seva,
da roca Seva,
kari funjiT frTxilad mikete...~

aba, warmoidgineT, xeze Camokide-

bul daxatul galiaSi Sedis Citi da
Tqven ki funjiT frTxilad kari un-
da mixuroT.

69
 yvelaze mTavari ki isaa, rom
Semdeg amave funjiT gisosebis waS-
las iwyebT da Cits xeze SemosvamT,
yvelaze lamaz totze daaskupebT, ar
unda dagaviwydeT:
`daxate agreTve foTlebis
simwvane,
qaris sigrile,
mzis aTinaTi
da zafxulis xvatSi
balaxSi mofuTfuTe mwerebis xmebi...
Semdeg ki daelode,
rodis daiwyebs Citi galobas~.

finaluri kadria: Citma galoba

unda daiwyos... Tu Seni Citi dadumda
da gajiutda, es kargis niSani ar
aris... es imas niSnavs, rom portreti
jer ar dagisrulebia, magram Tu Cit-
ma galoba daiwyo, es kargis niSania da
imas niSnavs, rom portreti dasrule-
bulia da Sen, rogorc Semoqmeds, er-
Ti moqmedebis Sesruleba dagrCa: be-
Wedi dausva da xeli moawero por-
trets kuTxeSi, amisaTvis misi kudi-
dan bumbuli unda amoaZro... aq
qmnadoba dasruldebulia, Seni Citi

70
ki amieridan sul iJRurtulebs da
arasdros Sewyvets galobas...
am leqsis wakiTxvisa da warmosax-
vis Semdeg ki Tqveni cxovrebac Seic-
vleba, radgan es ubralo leqsi ar
aris, es meditaciaa... es aris Tavisu-
fali curva da Semoqmedis Zala, mo-
cemulobidan saukeTeso varianti
amoirCios... Tqven da mxolod Tqven
akeTebT arCevans aq, am naxatis Seq-
mnis drosac da cxovrebaSic... Tqven
agebT pasuxs imaze, mofrindeba da
igalobebs Citi Tu ara...
am leqsze bevri istoria wavikiT-
xe, mravali interpretacia, studen-
tebisganac sruliad gansxvavebuli
versiebi movismine... albaT bevri dai-
wereba kidev da TiToeuli iqneba
unikaluri...
erTi ucnobi avtoris vrcel eses
gadavawydi, `anti-preveri erqva,
mokled mogiyvebiT: `me ver vitandi
prevers misi gulubryvilo, bavSvuri
mzeris gamo, imis gamo, rom rasac is
werda, ase ubralod ar arsebobda
cxovrebaSi: arc iseTi siyvaruli,
arc iseTi sibrZne, arc iseTi Cveu-

71
lebrivi saswaulebi... da gansakuTre-
biT ver vitandi mis leqss `rogor
unda daxato Citis portreti. iqneb
imitom, rom Cumad, saidumlod min-
doda, rom saxlSi myoloda Citi...
iseTive Tavisufali, rogorc es pre-
veris leqsSi iyo, magram me ar vendo-
bodi prevers da amitomac ver vitan-
di, gansakuTrebiT ki mis leqss `ro-
gor unda daxato Citis portreti.
erTxelac gadavwyvite, rom yve-
lasTvis damemtkicebina, rogor tyu-
oda preveri, rom saswauli ar arse-
bobda, rom Citebi ver mofrindebod-
nen galiaSi, miT ufro, daxatulSi...
da davxate galia...arc iseTi lamazi...
ubralo rkinis galia iyo, masSi ara-
feri iyo `lamazi, mimzidveli an sa-
sargeblo CitisTvis. galia arc baR-
Si gamitania da arc tyeSi, naxati fan-
jris rafaze movaTavse da daviwye
lodini im imediT, rom Citi arasodes
mofrindeboda... am imediTve mimeZi-
na... magram uecrad gamomeRviZa da
davinaxe, rom galiaSi Citi iyo..... `
da ase Semdeg...

72
 axla ki am leqss mTlianad gTava-
zobT... gTxovT, waikiTxoT da mere
miamboT, rodis aWikWikda Tqveni Citi
da ras niSnavs Citis galoba Tqven-
Tvis?

rogor unda daxato Citis

portreti

jer daxate
karRia galia,
mere daxate
raime lamazi,
raime martivi,
raime mimzidveli,
raime sasargeblo
CitisaTvis.
mere tilo xeze miamagre -
baRSi,
tyeSi,
Tundac WalaSi,
TviTon ki xes moefare,
ar gainZre,
ar ixmauro...
Citi xan male mofrindeba,
xan ki wlobiT galodinebs,
sanam gamoCenas inebebs...
lodinisas

73
 mxneoba ar dakargo,
elode Tundac wlobiT,
Citis mofrenamde gasuli dro
portretis Rirsebaze araa
damokidebuli.
Citi rom mofrindeba
(Tu mofrindeba),
daakvirdi uZiro siCumes,
daicade, sanam is galiaSi Seva
da roca Seva,
kari funjiT frTxilad mikete,
mere saTiTaod waSale
yvela gisosi
ise, rom Citis erTi bumbulic
ar Searxio.
mere daxate xe,
SeurCie Cits
misi yvelaze lamazi toti,
daxate agreTve foTlebis
simwvane,
qaris sigrile,
mzis aTinaTi
da zafxulis xvatSi
balaxSi mofuTfuTe mwerebis
xmebi...
Semdeg ki daelode,
rodis daiwyebs Citi galobas.
Tu Citi ar galobs,

74
es cudis niSania,
niSani imisa, rom portreti
ar gamovida,
magram Tu is galobs,
es kargis niSania,
niSani imisa, rom portreti
dasrulebulia.
maSin Zalian frTxilad amoaZvre
Cits erTi bumbuli
da suraTs kuTxeSi Seni saxeli
miawere.

/Targmna lia metrevelma/

75
 siyvarulis metaforebi:
Wiebis gundi ipyrobs gvams

Je mavance lattaque, et je grimpe aux

assauts,
Comme aprs un cadavre un chur de
vermisseaux,
Et je chris, bte implacable et cruelle !
Jusqu cette froideur par o tu mes plus
belle!

, ,
, ,
.
, , !
, -
,
!
bodleri

76
 siyvarulis es bodleriseuli me-
tafora erT-erTi mZafria imaT meta-
forebs Soris, romlebic TavisTavad
gamaxsovrdeba. siyvaruli swrafvaa
da iseTi swrafva, uZlursac rom ai-
Zulebs, gadaadgildes, miuaxlovdes
siyvarulis obieqts. es obieqti ki
iseTive mouxelTebelia, rogorc ho-
rizonti da es swrafvac sul ufro
izrdeba... is `hgavs Wiebis gundis mi-
er cxedris dasapyrobad Setevaze ga-
dasvlas...
axla SegiZliaT, am metaforis vi-
zualizacia moaxdinoT da Tqven Se-
gacbunebT moulodneloba... Wiebis
gundi midis cxedrisken... SeiZleba
ifiqroT, ra SuaSia aq siyvaruli...?
an rogor SeiZleba am hororiT aRi-
weros es grZnoba...? aseTi zenaari da
harmoniuli...? rusTavelic gagaxsen-
debaT: `igia saqme sazeo, momcemi aR-
mafrenaTa....
visac hgonia, rom siyvaruli mxo-
lod netarebaa, misTvis es metafora
miuRebeli iqneba... Cven yovelTvis
gvgonia... Cveni siyvaruli yovelTvis

77
warmodgenebSi cxovrobs, misi kontu-
rebic moxazuli gvaqvs, Cven gvaqvs
codna siyvarulze, romelic ise gan-
sxvavdeba siyvarulis mdgomareobis-
gan, rogorc ca da miwa... rogor unda
icode, ra aris siyvaruli? erTader-
Ti gza amis gagebisa is aris, rom Sey-
varebuli iyo... mxolod Seyvarebu-
lebma ician. magram Tu Sen ubralod
garedan daakvirdebi, bevrs gaigeb
siyvarulis Sesaxeb, magram veras-
dros gaigeb siyvaruls... (oSo).
siyvaruli grZnobaTa da SegrZne-
baTa foierverkia, vulkanuri amof-
rqvevaa, da aq Znelad gaarCev misa-
Rebs da miuRebels, kargs da cuds,
amaRlebuls da Cveulebrivs... aq yve-
laferia... da yvelaferi es iseTive
ganumartavia, rogoric siyvaruli...
siyvarulis dros Cven xSirad
gvtkiva... es tkivilia swored siyva-
rulis fesvebis Rrmad gadgma cnobi-
erebaSi... sulis zrdac mtkivneulia
da cnobierebis sazRvrebis gafarTo-
ebac... gvtkiva, radgan ingreva, beto-
niT naSenebi sazRvrebi ingreva Cvensa
da samyaros Soris... angrev da verc

78
angrev... angrev da Senc ingrevi, TiT-
qos aRar xar maSin, roca gegona, rom
siyvaruli aRgamaRlebda... axla ki,
TiTqos piriqiT xdeba, fskerze Ca-
giyvana, morevSi Cagagdo, Wiebis gun-
dad gaqcia, cxedrisken rom miis-
wrafvis, raTa afuTfuTdes gvamSi da
ikvebos...
da aRaraferi ar xdeba ise, ro-
gorc `gegona... ai, aseT tkivils ga-
moxatavs bodleris es metafora, ase-
Ti mZafri da mtkivneulia SeuZleb-
lis SegrZneba... am gzaze sabediswero
is aris, rom gaCereba da danebeba Se-
uZlebelia, uZlurebac Zalad iqce-
va...
erT wyvils Sevxvdi realur cxov-
rebaSi wlebis win... axalgazrda vaJs
Seuyvarda etls mijaWvuli ulamaze-
si gogona... gogonam uTxra: ai, xom
SeiZleba, Seni kidurebic uZluri
gaxdes... mere...? mere rogor matareb?
rogor amiyvan xelSi...? vaJma uTxra
iseTi gasaocari metafora, romelic
arcerT leqsSi ar amomikiTxavs:
ici, katebi rogor atareben Svi-

79
lebs...? kbilebiT... ai, kbilebiT Se-
miZlia gataro, ise miyvarxar...
axlac siamovnebis cremlebi mom-
dis, roca es epizodi maxsendeba, da
es Zalian hgavs bodleris Wiebis
swrafvas... uZlurebis gardaqmnas Za-
lad, im Zalad, romelmac SeiZleba
etls mijaWvuli gogonac ki wamoaye-
nos fexze...
`bebiaqalma kargad icis: tkivilis
gareSe bavSvi dedis saSodan ver ga-
moagnebs da ver daibadeba. verc Seni
axali me daibadeba siZneleebis gare-
Se. Tixas gamosakvebad didi simxurva-
le sWirdeba. asea siyvarulic: man di-
di tkivili unda gamoiaros, rom
srulyofas miaRwios... (elif Safaqi
`siyvarulis ormoci wesi).
giorgi kekeliZes aqvs siyvarulis
erTi saintereso metafora:
`siyvaruli mrude qvevria
sixaruli CavZaxe
da sevda amomZaxa,
tkivili amomZaxa, Rimili rom
CavZaxe.
rom SemeZlos, tkivils CavZaxebdi,
sevdasac...

80
 magram siyvaruli hqvia am mrude
qvevrs...
mrude qvevri siyvarulis sxva
rakursia im moulodnelobebis da
kontrastebis aRsaniSnavad, rac
grZnobis am okeaneSi Sesul adamians
SeiZleba SeemTxves... aq bunebrivia am-
bivalenturoba, normebis darRveva...
aq bunebrivia arabunebrivoba, aras-
tandartuloba. amitom cnobili fra-
zeologizmi `qvevrs rasac CasZaxeb,
imas amogZaxebs sruliad irRveva
am metaforiT... qvevri mruddeba da,
aravin icis, ras amogZaxebs, tkivili
da sevda rom CasZaxo...
gamrudeba (sarkis, qvevris) es ar
aris calsaxad negatiuri movlena,
radgan is Semadgenelia ufro didi
movlenis amas transformacia hqvia,
siyvarulis(gan) transformacia... mo-
sarkuli tbis zedapirze rom kenWi
gaacuro, uceb dairRveva anarekli...
zedapiric gamruddeba, realobis
sagnebi formas dakargaven... droa sa-
Wiro, rom zedapiri isev dadges, dam-
Sviddes da anareklic kongenialuri
iyos... gamrudebuli qvevris SemTxve-

81
vaSic asea... grZnobebi deformirde-
bian TiTqos, mutacia xdeba da saku-
Tar Tavsac mTlad konkretulad da
xelSesaxebad veRar aRiqvam...
geCveneba, rom gaqri, aRar xar, dai-
karge...
giorgi kekeliZis siyvarulis sxva
metaforis mixedviT ki, siyvaruli
mteria...
`xandaxan siyvaruli mters hgavs.
mdinaresTan unda dajde, daelodo
da mdinare mtris gvamiviT Camoata-
rebs.
siyvarulis am ryevebis Semdeg ga-
gadixar sruliad sxva realobaSi,
romelSic cudi-kargi, mteri-moyva-
re, keTili-boroti.... ikargeba da su-
lerTi xdeba... es sxva ganzomilebaa,
sadac Cveulebrivi kanonebiT naviga-
cia SeuZlebelia...
erTxel oSos hkiTxes:
_ ratom aris siyvaruli ase mtkiv-
neuli?
_ siyvaruli mtkivneulia, radgan
siyvaruli kvalavs gzas RvTaebrivis-
ken. siyvaruli mtkivneulia, radgan
is gardagvqmnis, siyvaruli es aris

82
mutacia. nebismieri transformacia
mtkivneulia, radgan Zveli unda da-
tovo da axali miiRo. Zveli es aris
nacnobi, usafrTxo, saimedo realo-
ba, xolo axali absoluturad uc-
nobi. Sen mogzaurob im okeaneSi, ro-
melic rukazec ki ar aris aRniSnu-
li...
siyvaruli mogzaurobaa... metafo-
rebis xeivanSi mogzauroba... rukaze
ararsebul okeaneSi mogzauroba...
`arsebiTi mniSvneloba ara aqvs, aR-
mosavleTisken aiReb gezs Tu dasav-
leTisken, CrdiloeTisken Tu samxre-
Tisken. mxolod erT rameSi unda iyo
darwmunebuli: nebismieri mogzauro-
ba aris mogzauroba sakuTar TavSi,
Tu sakuTar TavSi mogzaurob, mTel
qveynierebas moivli da mis samanebsac
ki gaarRvev (elif Safaqi `siyvaru-
lis ormoci wesi).

83
 redaqtorisagan

fragmentebi Seyvarebuli
semiologis metyvelebidan

cira barbaqaZis sxva niSandobliv

TvisebaTagan erTi umal Tvals mog-
WriT: is Sepyrobils emsgavseba, roca
ki romelime samecniero problemis
Seswavlas gadawyvets. am problemis
miseuli interpretacia, rogorc
idea, saxldeba masSi, da is misi saxe-
liT laparakobs; ufro sworad, ise
Tavganwiruli qadagebs mis cxovel-
myoflobas, misi egzorcizmi misi po-
ziciis gaziarebas Tu ar daefuZna,
egeb cxovreba Sua saukuneebisdroin-
deli SepyrobiliviT daasrulo!

*
es wigni semiozisis (ZvelberZnu-
lad ,,aRniSvnas, mniSvnelo-
bas niSnavda) cdaa: avtori migviTi-

84
Tebs imaze, rac niSnad gvevlineba;
imaze, riskenac es niSani gvgzavnis da
im zemoqmedebazec, romelic ,,Tavs
daatexa am niSanma.
semiotikis lupamomarjvebuli av-
toris amJamindeli (maradiuli?)
TvalTvalis obieqti siyvarulia,
romlis gamoxatvac mxolod xatov-
nad SeiZleba. aq niSans aRar unda eb-
rZolo: is isedac gauTangavs xats,
warmosaxul saxes. ufro zustad, xa-
ti gzas uRobavs yvelas, vinc am niS-
nis dekodirebas moindomebs. amito-
macaa ,,mniSvnelobis wvdoma aseTi
mSfoTvare da lamis dausrulebeli
procesi (amitomac ugulebelyofs
amas daRlil da garTobis metrfe
adamianTa umravlesoba!).
siyvarulis semiotikaze laparaki
rolan bartisa da misi wignis - ,,Seyva-
rebulis metyvelebis fragmentebi -
mouxsenieblad SeuZlebelia, da ara
mxolod konkretuli instrumentari-
isa da rakursis gasacnobad, aramed
imitomac, rom Seyvarebuli TviTonac
semiologia.
frangi istorikosi, filip roJe,
imdenad gaakvirva am ,,mignebam, rom

85
aRmoxda: ,,gana ucnauri arseba ar
aris es - ,,Seyvarebuli semiologi?
,,sulac ara! - upasuxia barts, -
,,Seyvarebuli - es aris stiqiuri semi-
ologi! is mudam niSnebs kiTxulobs.
mxolod amiTaa dakavebuli: xan bed-
nierebis niSnebs awydeba, xan ubedo-
bisas... satrfos saxeze, satrfos qce-
vaSi... Seyvarebuli, rogorc ityvian,
niSnebis tyveobaSia...

*
siyvarulis semiotika gulis-
xmobs im enaTa da sxva simbolur for-
maTa krebuls, romelTa meSveobiTac
Seyvarebulebi erTmaneTs TavianT
grZnobebs atyobineben.
fsiqologTa da fiziologTa
mtkicebiT, adamianuri emociebi uni-
versaluria, Tumc anTropologTa,
folkloristTa, lingvistTa da is-
torikosTa azriT, sxvadasxva kul-
turuli, enobrivi, istoriuli kon-
teqstiT ,,SemojaWvuli adamianebi
gansxvavebulad grZnoben da gamoxa-
taven emociebs. piradi grZnobebi ya-
libdeba im koleqtiur modelTa mi-
xedviT, romelTac adamians garemo
86
da sociumi axvevs Tavs. es modelebi
grZnobaTa simbolur proeqciasac
gulisxmobs da maTi manipulaciis me-
qanizmebsac. individualuri sulieri
gancda ,,Seicnoba im idealuri ,,sqe-
mebis Sesabamisad, romelTac teq-
stebi da qmedebani gvTavazobs. kul-
turis teqstebSi kodirebuli nimuSe-
bi gansazRvravs ara mxolod imas, ra
unda igrZnos adamianma, aramed ima-
sac, rogor unda/ar unda gamoxatos
gancda.
koncept ,,siyvarulis semantiku-
ri veli farToa - aq Tavi mouyria ro-
gorc garkveul grZnobebsa da saqci-
els, ise adamianuri urTierTobis ti-
pebs. siyvaruli, SesaZloa, universa-
lur emociaTa kompleqsadac gaigo
da kulturis mier agebul fenomena-
dac, romelic ukavSirdeba yofis
sxvadasxva sferos - naTesaobasa da
qorwinebas, religiasa da xelovnebas,
ideologiasa da politikas. ,,satrfi-
alo kulturuli modelebi sxvadas-
xva teqstSi ,,Tvlems.

87
 *
arqaul miTebSi me-trfe - mama-ka-
ci aqtiuria, nadavlis moxelTebas
lamobs, swored isaa mtacebeli, gata-
cebis misteriis subieqti, sa-trfo
ki - pasiuri deda-kaci - yovelTvis
obieqtia. Tanamedrove miTSi yvela-
feri karnavalurad Seicvala: am dra-
mis subieqti me-trfe ki ara, sa-
trfoa, me-trfe usurvilo, uZravi,
umaqnisi mWvretelia. aq sa-trfoa is,
vinc ,,misTa mWvretTa wauRis guli,
goneba da suli.
ase iqca gatacebis obieqti siyva-
rulis subieqtad!

*
socialur konteqstSi CanTqmuli
metyveleba (werilobiTic da zepi-
ric) diskursia. sxvadasxva enobrivi
praqtika monawileobs maT mier nagu-
lisxmev obieqtze Sexedulebis for-
mirebaSi. diskursSi is mniSvnelobebi
unda amoikiTxo, romlebic igulis-
xmeba, magram gamouTqmeli, gamouxa-
tavi rCeba, naTqvamis miRmaa. amitoma-
caa saWiro araenobrivi pirobebis -
ekonomikuris, politikurisa da sxv. -
88
gaTvaliswineba, romlebic xels uw-
yobda diskursis warmoqmnas. dis-
kursi specifikurad Zalmosili met-
yvelebaa. is raRacas amtkicebs. lapa-
raki laparakis Zalauflebis arsebo-
bas adasturebs. diskursis mflobe-
li Zalauflebis mflobelicaa. Dis-
cursus - Tavdapirvelad qmedebaze,
aqeT-iqiT sirbilze miuTiTebda. dis-
kursi qaria: qari, sadac surs, qris,
da gesmis misi xma, magram ar ici, sai-
dan modis an saiT midis! (,,ra amoZra-
vebs kiparisis tans, Cumi Sriali sai-
dan ari? qari ara sCans, qari ara
sCans: mainc mwvervalebs edeba qari).

*
satrfialo diskursic bartis
(ga)mogonilad iTvleba, romelsac mi-
eZRvna misi zemoT dasaxelebuli yve-
laze gonebamaxviluri da alali wig-
ni. saTanado diskursul garemoSi
verbalur praqtikaTa bartiseuli
analizi bazisad iqca. pirvelad aq
warmoCnda avtoriseuli ,,erotikuli
damokidebuleba teqstisadmi, rac
imas gulisxmobs, rom enobrivi gare-

89
mo semantikurad kreatiulia da kiT-
xvis process erotikuli ganzomile-
bac aqvs: kiTxva mkiTxvelisa da teq-
stis ormxriv ,,ndomazea damokide-
buli: Cveulebrivi mkiTxveli intri-
gis kulminaciur momentSi aRwevs
,,kmayofilebis piks - semantikur-
hermenevtikul finals, Tumc iseTe-
bic arian, visac TviT procesi ,,akma-
yofilebs, amitomac isini usasru-
lod netareben. teqsti sxeulia, xo-
lo sxeuli - teqsti. teqstiT miRebu-
li siamovnebis wyaro iseve ar aris
mxolod gramatikuli funqcioba, ro-
gorc sxeulisa - mxolod fiziolo-
gia. siyvaruli sinamdvileSi ar aris.
aris mxolod misi verbaluri gamoxa-
tuleba. Seyvarebuli ,,sanimuSo cno-
bierebiT ver daikvexnis (,,mijnuri
Smagsa gviqvian), arc misi diskursia
normatiuli. Seyvarebuli TviTon
qmnis Tavis ,,sakralur istorias,
romelsac sakuTar Tavsve uyveba.
oRond, eg aris, Seyvarebuls ar Za-
luZs, Tavad daweros Tavisi romani,
radgan sasiyvarulo dramis subieqti
TviTon ki ara, enaa anu diskursi.

90
 *
ebrauli warmoSobis rusma da ame-
rikelma Jurnalistma da mweralma,
piter uailma (1949-2009) erTxel, sa-
berZneTSi yofnisas, SeamCnia, rom sa-
bargo manqanaTa Zarebze ewera iseTi
araprozauli da, erTi SexedviT, ise-
Ti aramanqanuri sityva, rogoric
,,metaforaa. SeamCnia da kulturis
faqtadac aqcia igi: pirvelma manve
CamaRima imaze, rom es berZnuli sit-
yva qarTulad, sityvasityviT, ,,gada-
tanas niSnavs.
marTlac Tvalsaseiroa, rogor
daxriginebs eus ex machina teqstebSi
da rogor gadaaqvs azri da mniSvne-
loba erTi toposidan meoreSi.
metafora mxolod enis Tviseba
rodia: is adamianis azrovnebis ganu-
yofeli Taviseburebaa. metafora in-
dividualuri ,,konceptualuri sam-
yaroa. metaforiT idgams enas poe-
zia, radgan is yovelTvis viRacas mie-
marTeba.
nikolai gumiliovi ambobda: saku-
Tar siyvarulze SeiZleba mouyve say-
varel qals, megobars, mosamarTles,
Seqeifianebul Tanameinaxeebs, yvavi-

91
lebs, RmerTs... TiToeul SemTxvevaSi
ambavica da misi formac gansxvavebu-
li iqneba, radgan mTxrobeli garemos
Sesabamisad icvleba. poeti jer saku-
Tar Tavs xedavs, mere - msmenels, ra-
Ta igrZnos, rogori unda iyos misi
poeturi Jestikulacia: ise ganala-
gos sityvebi, ise SearCios Tanxmovne-
bi da xmovnebi, ise Seanelos Tu aaCqa-
ros ritmi, rom mkiTxvelma imis poza
miiRos, imis mimika da sxeulis moZra-
oba gaimeoros, viszec leqsia: man ta-
niT unda igrZnos is, rasac poeti (su-
liT?) grZnobda. mkiTxvelis aRqma-
gavlili da sityvadqceuli azri mar-
Tali unda iyos da ara - yalbi. mkiT-
xvelis gancda mkiTxvelisave iqneba
da, cxadia, avtoris emociebs ar daem-
Txveva - swored esaa poeziis Zala,
daniSnuleba da faseuloba!

*
cira barbaqaZis axali wignis sti-
li aforistulia, radgan aforizmi
gamoxatavs azris moZraobas maradi
qmnadobis procesSi. ciras yofiereba
qmnadi yofierebaa. amitomac verc
erT mis statias ver SeamCnevT fsev-
92
dosistemurobas - yvela maTgani iq
wydeba, saidanac Tqveni azrovneba iw-
yeba.

*
siyvarulze yvelaze kargi wignis
kiTxvac ki siyvaruls ar niSnavs.
verc es wigni SegayvarebT vinmes, Tu
daaxloebiT aseTi ram ar gaifiqreT:
mainc kargia, siyvaruli rom krTis
aqa-iq, TviT maSinac ki, qveynad yve-
las romc ar eboZos!

gia joxaZe

93
 gamomcemloba `universali~
Tbilisi, 0179, i. WavWavaZis gamz. 19, : 2 22 36 09, 5(99) 17 22 30
E-mail: universal@internet.ge; universal505@ymail.com

94