IE673852

CarlosG.Garces
cgg4@njit.edu
Assignment6
1. Explainwhycontinualqualityimprovementisimportant.

Continualqualityimprovementisakeytosuccessinthemodernmarketplace,thebookhasa
greatanalogyanorganizationwhodoesntseekcontinualqualityimprovementislikearunner
whostandsstill.Intodaysmarkettherunnerisnotstandingstillinasmallracethemarketcan
beconsidertheOlympicsstageandtherunneristakingcenterstage.Organizationsmustseekto
continuouslyimproveforanyinnovationoradvantagegaintodaywillbeconsiderstandardor
normaltomorrow.Inaneverchangingworldimprovementistheonlywaytostayrelevantand
tomakeitintodaysmarketplace.

2. Whatismanagementsroleincontinualqualityimprovement?
Eventhoughmanypeopleinmanagementthinkthattheirroleforcontinualqualityimprovement
endsatsettingcontinualqualityinmotion.Havingthismentalityhighlyhindersthesuccessof
continual quality improvement, management needs to understand the importance of their
involvementthroughoutthewholeprocess.Managementcanfulfilltheirleaderrolebydoingthe
following:

Establishinganorganizationwidequalitycouncilandservingonit.
Workingwiththequalitycounciltoestablishspecificqualityimprovementgoalswith
timetablesandtargetdates.
Providingthenecessarymoralandphysicalsupport.Mortalsupportmanifestitselfas
commitment.Physicalsupportcomesintheformoftheresourcesneededtoaccomplish
thequalityimprovementobjectives.
Schedulingperiodicprogressreviewsandfivingrecognitionitisdeserved.
Building continual quality improvement into the regular reward system, including
promotionandpayincreases.

3. DiscusstheKaizenapproach.
KaizenisthenamegivenbytheJapanesetotheconceptofcontinualincrementimprovement.
ThenameitselfmeansKai=ChangeandZen=Good,whichitcanbeunderstoodaschangesfor
thebetter.Thischange,improvementiswithreferencetopeople,processesandproducts.

ElementsofKaizen
TherearefivestepstotheJapaneseapproachtoimplementing:

Sort.
Store
Shine.
Standardize.
Sustain.

4. Howwouldyoudescribealeansystem?

LeanisaconceptthatwasbasedoftheJustInTimesystemdevelopedbyToyotawhichcore
ideaistoproduceabetterproductorabetterservicebyusinglessofeveryitemrequired.This
system became popular among the service sector, whom impressed by the result look to
implemented.Leanatthispointisusedasthemessagethatcanbeapplywithgoodresultsby
doingmorewithlessandboingitbetter.

5. Whatisleansixsigmaandhowwouldyouapplyittoaquality
managementsystem?
Tobeggingonemustunderstandthename,ifthisisnotdonethemeaningwillbelostand
confusionwillarise.First,wewilldefinewhatthenamedoesntstandfor,leansixsigmaisnota
littlesixsigma;alittlesixsigmabeingasystemthatseekslittlechangeorseeksnottobebother
bytheprocess.Thepurposeofleanmanagementsystem,istoimproveandbringsuperiorityto
thedaytodayworkandprocess.Leanandsixsigmaaretostrongsystemsontheirown:

Eliminationoftheeightwastes.
Meansofimprovingprocessflow.
Astructureforidentifythekeyfactorthatdeterminestheperformanceofprocess.
Ordermethodsforestablishingkeyfactorsatthebaselevel.
Disciplinedmeansofsustainingleyfactorsatthebestlevel
Synergisticadvantageoflinkingtheleantoolsandinasystematicwayandinaspecific
sequence.
Tryingallofthesefinancialhealhodorganization.

6. Define benchmarking. Define auditing. How does

benchmarkingandauditingrelatetoeachother?
Benchmarkingistheactionoftakingacurrentorganizationsproceduresandoperationsand
comparingthemtotheorganizationsconsiderthebestinsuchfield.Thishelpsfindthesecretto
success ofanyprocess/operationthroughoutinformationandimprovingbyit.Improvingby
sharinginformationbetweencompanies,withouthavingtocomeupwithawholenewmethod.
Auditingisanexaminationofaprocessandresultsinordertodeterminewhetherornotthe
resourcesandprocessarebeingmanagecorrectlyandefficiently.

Bothprocesstakeanindepthlookatanorganizationoperationsandprocedures.However,with
benchmarkingweareusingatoporganizationasabaselinetodeterminewhethertheprocesses
areuptothelevel;whilewithauditingwearejustdeterminingwhetherornoteverythingis
beingmanageefficiently.Bothcanbeusedtoimproveanactivityhoweverthedifferenceisthat
withbenchmarkingthereisnoneedtoreinventthewholeprocess,bysharinginformationthe
improvementsareeasiertodo.Asforauditingweonlygetwhetherornoteverythingisbeing
managecorrectly,andwithoutanyadditionalinformationtheimprovementprocesscanbecome
complicated.
 7. Howcanyouapplybenchmarkingdatainauditingprocesses,
systems,designs,products,factoriesandservices?

At the end of a benchmarking project all the data collected will be process and eventually
produced quantitative and qualitative information. Qualitative information covers personal
policies,managementstyles,policiesandhierarchy.WhileQuantitativeinformationisthenew
barbywhichfutureprogresswillbecompareagainst.Allthisinformationcanbeappliedto
auditing process, systems, designs, products, factories and services by using the qualitative
informationimprovementcanbedone,whilethequalityinformationwillbeusetoimprovethe
measurementprocedures.

8. WhatisaJITsystem?

JITsystemisaninventorystrategythatcompaniesemployinordertoimproveefficiencyand
minimizewastefulness.Thisisdonebyonlyobtainingthegoodsastheyareneededforthe
productionprocess,byensuringthisthetotalinventorycostwillbereduce.However,forthis
processtoworkitsneededforproducerstoestimateinaveryaccurateleveltheproductdemand.
Agreatexampleofthissystemisthemanufacturingcompanysuchasacarmanufacturingwhere
parts arrive as they are needed, instead of being store in bulk. This shows an organization
steppingawayfromthejustincasementalitywhereinventorywasstoreinlargequantitiesjust
fortheoddcasethatdemandwillincrease.Byhavingahighlyaccurateforecastofdemandan
organizationcaninvestthecorrectamountinmaterialinsteadofwastingit.

9. WhatarethebenefitofJIT/lean.

JIT/leanhasfourimportantbenefits;InventoryandworkinProcess,CycleTime,Continual
Improvement and Elimination of Waste. Inventory and work in process strives for zero
inventory, even though this is almost not obtainable just by constantly aiming for it will
eventuallyreduceinventorycost,aswellasconstantlyimprovetheprocess. Cycletimes,by
improvingcycletimeswenotonlyreduceproductioncostbutbyshorteningtheproductioncycle
it gives the ability to adapt to sudden changes in demand from customer. Continual
Improvement, as seen thought out the book continual improvement comes with the
implementationoftotalqualitywhichitaimstoreducewasteinallfronts,improvequalityof
productsaswellasresponsivenesstocustomerneedsallwhilereducingcost.Eliminationof
waste, is seek on different aspects 1. over production, 2. Waiting time, 3. Transport, 4.
Processing,5.Unnecessarystockonhand,6.Unnecessarymotion,and7.Producingdefective
goods.

10. DiscussautomationsystemideasforJIT/lean.
JIT/Leanandautomationaremutuallyexclusive.Eventhoughautomationisthegoalonecannot
goforafullautomationwithoutbeingready,forthatreasontheorganizationneedstodetermine
its readiness for automation. Organizations must first solve every human issue before
implementingrobots;ifthereareissueswiththehumanprocessthenwhenimplementingrobots,
the problems will escalate. A good example of this is 1980 Cadillac automation, was done
withoutdeterminethereadinessandthiscauseforalltheexistingissuestotransfertothenew
systemwhichitcreateintenseissuesthattookyearstosolve.Whileanexampleofovercaution,
isToyotaplantoopenaplantinKentuckywhichhasnoautomation.Thereisaharmonyground
whereautomationispossible,theproperstudyandpreparationmustbedoneinordertoensure
thesuccessofthesystem.

11. SocialNetworkingassignment.

http://carlosggarces.weebly.com/socialnetworkingassignment6.html

Thisweeksocialnetworkingwasfocusonproductwaste,datacollectionconcerns,andHackers
dump of cyber weapons. The purpose of our discussion is to exchange ideas and opinions
regardingthetopicspreviouslymention.Wefirstdiscussprocesswaste,webothagreethatthere
areaparticularsetofstepsthatmustbetakeninordertodeterminesourceofwasteaswellas
what steps need to be taken to reduce such. Fady made a good point regarding handling
customers,Ithinkthisispartofqualityforprovidingaservicethatcustomersaresatisfywithis
somethingthatallorganizationsshouldaimforandifwistfulnessiscausingdiscomfortitmust
beresolve.ThenwediscussWindows10datacollection,webothwereconcernafterreadingthis
articleforitmadeusrealizehowlittleweknowwithregardtoalltheinformationourdevicesare
sendingbacktobeanalyzeandhowlittlecontrolwehaveoverit.Lastly,wediscusslately
hackersdumpofcyberweapons,thisisamajorthreattousersallaroundtheworldforour
privacyisatstake.Thegovernmentneedstoreviewtheirsecuritymeasurementsforthequality
ofprotectionswasnotadequateiftheweaponswerestolen.