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The design formulae and data provided in this Annex are for education, training and assessment purposes only.
They are based on the Hong Kong Code of Practice for Structural Use of Concrete 2013 (HKCP-2013).
Usage qk (kPa)
Domestic 2.0
Materials Density (kN/m3) Offices for general use 3.0
Reinforced concrete 24.5 Department stores, shops, etc. 5.0
Cement mortar 23
Natural stone Table 1.5 - Examples of Imposed Load
29 (Extracted from Table 3.2 of the Code of Practice for Dead
(granite) and Imposed Loads 2011)
Soil 20
BEAM
Sw Sw
Clear Span, Ln a2 = h/2 (if h < Sw)
a1 = Sw/2 (if Sw < h)
Effective Span, L
SUPPORT 1 SUPPORT 2
Elevation
Figure 1.5 - Effective Span
As = M / (0.87 fy z) [2.4]
K 0.043 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.14 0.15 0.156
z/d 0.950 0.941 0.928 0.915 0.901 0.887 0.873 0.857 0.842 0.825 0.807 0.789 0.775
Notes:
(a) The length of the cantilever, l3, should be less than half the adjacent span.
(b) The ratio of the adjacent spans should lie between 2/3 and 1.5.
(c) For simply-supported beam, lpi = L.
100 As 400 1
vc = 0.79 ( )1/3 ( )1/4 [3.2]
bvd d m
where
100 As
( ) should not be taken as greater than 3. (As is the steel area of longitudinal tension steel.)
bvd
400
( )1/4 should not be taken as less than 0.67 for members without shear reinforcement.
d
400
( )1/4 should not be taken as less than 1 for members with minimum shear reinforcement.
d
m 1.25, partial factor of safety for shear strength of concrete
Table 3.23 Asv / sv Values for Single Link (2 legs) (in mm2 per mm)
Table 4.1 Force Coefficients for Continuous Beams with Approximately Equal Span under udl
(Table 6.1 of HKCP-2013)
Table 5.1 Force Coefficients for One-way Slabs with Approximately Equal Span
under udl (Extracted from Table 6.4 of HKCP-2013)
Bar Spacing in mm
Bar Size
100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300 350
8 503 402 335 287 251 223 201 183 168 144
10 785 628 524 449 393 349 314 286 262 224
12 1131 905 754 646 565 503 452 411 377 323
16 2011 1608 1340 1149 1005 894 804 731 670 574
w2
w1 w1
Shear and moment for simply-supported beam
symmetrically loaded with two partial udl loads, L2 L1
L1
w1 and w2, as shown in the figure on the right:
End Condition at the Condition 1. The end of the column is connected monolithically to beams
Bottom on either side which are at least as deep as the overall dimension of the
column in the plane considered. Where the column is designed to a
1 2 3 foundation structure, this should be of a form specifically designed to carry
the moment.
1 0.75 0.80 0.90 Condition 2. The end of the column is connected monolithically to beams
Condition at
on either side which are shallower than the overall dimension of the column
the Top
End
Biaxial Bending
a c
Pad Footing
(2) Perimeter of the column
check vmax
e f
b d
PLAN
2 T = FcL/(4d)
L
L
3 T = FcL/(9d) av
L
Critical section for shear check