CONCLUSION:

From both experiment, it were clearly shown that the coefficient of discharge is
dependent on the volumetric flow rate and its height (head) of water level from
the base of notch. The coefficient of discharge corresponds differently to the
height of the water level (head) to the type of notch used. For triangular notch,
the coefficient of discharge also depends on the angle of the v shape. The
smooth flow to and over the weir is important for the determination of accurate
rates of flow since the distribution of velocities in the approach flow has a
definite influence on the discharge over the weir. Kinetic energy correction factor
can account for the variation in the approach velocity. The value of the
coefficient of discharge depends on the degree of non-uniformity of the approach
velocity distribution. It was also noted that the head affects the flow of water. It
is observed that the head of the weir is directly proportional to the discharge of
the water over the weir. Aside from the velocity and the head, temperature
variations influence the fluid properties like viscosity and surface tension. The
variations in these fluid properties in turn will influence the discharge over the
weir. However, the effect of small temperature variations on the water flow over
weirs is negligible. Moreover, geometry of the weir will also affect the flow of
water as discussed in literatures but comparison is not covered since triangular
notch is the only one used in the experiment.

11.0 RECOMMENDATION

Weirs are commonly used to alter the flow of rivers to prevent flooding, measure
discharge, and help render rivers navigable. There are several of
recommendations to estimate discharge when using a weirs because it is very
important to ensure that all flow enters by travelling over the weir and not
around the weir or under the weir. It must be noted that the weir should be
extended into the ground and tighten up the screws to minimize groundwater to
pass under the weir. It is also crucial to maintain a free outfall to ensure critical
flow over the crest of the weir. As long as the flow conditions downstream of the
weir do not affect the flow over the weir, a free outfall is maintained. First of all,
before doing an experiment it is better to learn and understand first on how to
conduct the experiment. Moreover, the result of rectangular-notch and v-notch
obtained must be taken in at least three decimal points to get an accurate
values. Errors can never be ignored when it comes to laboratory work. The aim is
to reduce the error as much as possible to obtain accuracy in work. Ways to
reduce the error are by repeating the experiment for three times or more and
then taking the average readings, by being extra cautious during the
experiment, by asking more than one person to record the readings and carryout
the experiment.in addition, when setting the vernier gauge to a datum reading,
make sure to consider the zero error .
5.0 MATERIAL AND APPARATUS
MATERIAL
1)Water
APPARATUS
1)F1-13 Stilling baffle
2)Rectangular notch
3)V- notch
4)Stopwatch
5)Spirit level
6)F1-10 Hydraulics Bench

(5) (6)
(2)
(1)

(3)

(4)
(7)

1. Stilling Baffle 5. Hydraulic bench (FM110)

2. Vernier 6. Water Channel
3. Hook 7. Sump tank
4. Weir plate