8 part of speech

There are 8 parts of speech with different functions in a sentence. Parts of speech include
nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions and interjections. Without
these parts of speech a sentence cannot be formed or completed.

1. Nouns are name words that name a person, an animal, a thing, a place or an event. The
noun in the sentence could either be singular or plural. It could also be common or
proper, or could be mass or count. Nouns also have genders that tells about being a man,
a woman, or both man or woman or a thing. Nouns are very important in sentences
because they are the name words in the sentence.
2. Pronouns are substitutes for nouns. They are words that make writing better as they
eliminate repetitive use of name words. The disadvantage of using pronouns is that the
reader will be left to guess which is being talked about. Sometimes they have to go back
to see who was being mentioned in the story. There is no clarity as to whom the writer is
referring to if the name used is way far behind.
3. Verbs are action words or state of being. Verbs tell about things being done in the
sentence. The writer must bear in mind that the verb must agree with the noun. The usual
mistake of writers is forgetting the subject-verb agreement. Verbs must also follow the
correct verb tenses as this tells when the action was done. It could be in the past, the
present or in the future. There are rules in using the past tense of the verb. And writers
must be very careful in using them. For example, if the word 'did' is used the verb to be
used must be in the present form to avoid double past tense.
4. Adjectives are word modifiers that describe nouns or pronouns. Adjectives are picture
words that describe the noun or pronoun. They are very important in that they give beauty
to the written words. Poets use a lot of adjectives to add color and beauty to their written
works.
5. Adverbs are also word modifiers that modify verbs, adjectives or another adverb. They
are words that answer the questions when the action is done, where the action is done,
how the action is done, and how often the action is done.
6. Prepositions are words used to relate a noun or pronoun to another word in the sentence.
A prepositional phrase consists of a preposition, the object of the preposition and all the
other words.
7. Conjunctions are word joiners. They connect words, phrases, clauses or sentences.

The last one is interjection. An interjection is a word that shows an emotion. Interjections
are capable of being used alone grammatically. Using interjections is helpful as they
express the true feeling of the characters in the sentence. Examples of interjections are;
Wow, Hurray, Oh, Yeah.
These parts of speech have their own function and importance in sentences. However
they have to be used correctly and accordingly in order for the sentence to be
 grammatically correct. A successful writer must know how to use these parts of speech
correctly to be more understood by the readers.

Verb
1. Definition : Verb: a word or phrase that describes an action, condition or experience
2. Type:
a. Action Verbs
Action verbs express specific actions, and are used any time you want to show action or discuss
someone doing something.
b. Transitive Verbs
Transitive verbs are action verbs that always express doable activities. These verbs always have
direct objects, meaning someone or something receives the action of the verb.
c. Intransitive Verbs
Intransitive verbs are action verbs that always express doable activities. No direct object follows
an intransitive verb.
d. Auxiliary Verbs
Auxiliary verbs are also known as helping verbs, and are used together with a main verb to show
the verbs tense or to form a question or negative.
e. Stative Verbs
Stative verbs can be recognized because they express a state rather than an action. They typically
relate to thoughts, emotions, relationships, senses, states of being, and measurements.
f. Modal Verbs
Modal verbs are auxiliary verbs that are used to express abilities, possibilities, permissions, and
obligations.
g. Phrasal Verbs
Phrasal verbs arent single words; instead, they are combinations of words that are used together
to take on a different meaning to that of the original verb.
h. Irregular Verbs
Irregular verbs are those that dont take on the regular spelling patterns of past simple and past
participle verbs.

Adjective
1. Definition:
The simplest definition of an adjective is that it is a word that describes or clarifies a noun.
Adjectives describe nouns by giving some information about an objects size, shape, age, color,
origin or material.
2. Types:
a.Descriptive Adjectives
The most common type of adjective is the descriptive adjective. These are simply words that
help to describe nouns. They can be colours, sizes, or other describing words.
 b. Possessive Adjectives
Possessive adjectives are like possessive pronouns, but act as adjectives. They are: my, your, its,
our, and their. They demonstrate a relationship of ownership. In the examples below, the
possessive adjectives are in red. The nouns they modify are in blue. Remember: it's an adjective
if it comes with the noun; it's a pronoun if it replaces the noun.
c. Demonstrative Adjectives
Demonstrative Adjectives are identical to demonstrative pronouns, but are used for a different
purpose. Remember it is the function of the word that defines what kind of word it is in terms of
the parts of speech. The demonstrative adjectives are: this, that, those, and what. In the following
sentences the demonstrative adjectives are in red and the nouns they modify are in blue.
d. Interrogative Adjectives
Another type of adjective is the interrogative adjective. Interrogative adjectives include the
words which and what. In the following sentences the interrogative adjectives are in red and the
nouns they modify are in blue.
f. Indefinite Adjectives
Our final type of adjective is the indefinite adjective. What is an indefinite adjective? Well, I
can't be definite about it. OK, let's see. It's an adjective that's not definite. Too vague? How about
a word like "some" or "many." Getting clearer?

Noun
1. Definition :
2. Types:
a. Abstract Nouns
Abstract nouns are those referring to ideas, concepts, emotions, and other things you cant
physically interact with. You cant see, taste, touch, smell, or hear something named with an
abstract noun. Some abstract noun examples are included in the following sentences.
b. Collective Nouns
When talking about types of noun, its important to remember collective nouns. A collective
noun is a word that refers to a group. It can be either singular or plural, but is usually used in the
singular. Some collective noun examples are included in the following sentences.
c. Common Nouns
Common nouns are used to refer to general things rather than specific examples. Common nouns
are not normally capitalized unless they are used as part of a proper name or are placed at the
beginning of a sentence. Some common noun examples are included in the following sentences.
d. Concrete Nouns
Concrete nouns are words used for actual things you can touch, see, taste, feel, and hear things
you interact with every day. Notice that concrete nouns can also be countable, uncountable,
common, proper, and collective nouns. Some concrete noun examples are included in the
following sentences.

3. Derivatives are words that are derived from other words,called root words. They are
formed by adding an affix to the root words.
Affix can be added either before, after or within a root word.
Example: -un, -our, -ence, -tion

Words that are formed from existing words can also be confusing - sometimes the original
spelling stays the same and sometimes it changes. Some of them to remember are:

Words ending in -our:

Examples : honour, favour, labour, humour.

Keep the u when you add -able or -er.

Examples : honourable, favourable, labourer; favourite

But u is very often lost before -ous.

Examples : humorous, glamorous, rigorous, honorary and honorific

Occur and occurrence but refer and reference.

In verbs ending in -ur, double the r when you add -ence.

Leave it single if the verb ends in -er or -ear.

Examples : appear and apparent

Drop the o if you add -iation to a verb ending in -ounce.

Examples : pronunciation from pronounce.