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GasTurb 13 Tutorial 3

INTRODUCTON TO
OFF DESGN SMULATONS
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Off-Design Simulations

Let us begin with a jet engine.


Select the most simple engine
architecture, a Turbojet.

Select as Scope
Performance and then click
Off Design
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A click on Standard Maps begins


the off-design calculation.
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We Need Some Data


Off-Design Input Data Page

After reading the file, the cycle


design point is calculated. This
happens in the background.

The standard compressor and


turbine maps are scaled in such
a way that theyNow
fit to
wethe cyclethe cycle
calculate
design point.
design point as an
off-design point
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Off-Design Point Summary
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The contents of this summary


page is identical to that of the
cycle design point
Operating Point Details

This is the Standard High


Pressure Compressor Map file
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On this page those details of the This is the Standard High


operating point are presented Pressure Turbine Map file
that are not needed for a cycle
design calculation.
Compressor Map

The circle marks the cycle


design point,
the yellow square marks the
off-design operating point.

In this special case because


we have calculated the cycle
design point in off-design
mode the yellow square is
inside the circle.
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Turbine Map

The circle marks the cycle


design point,
the yellow square marks the
off-design operating point.

There are six different


versions of a turbine map.
The y-axis can be Pressure
Ratio or Corrected Work.
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Here Turbine Pressure


Ratio is shown over the
product of Corrected Flow
and Corrected Speed.
Turbine Map

Here Turbine Pressure


Ratio is shown over
Corrected Speed.
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The corrected flow is


shown as contour lines in
% of the maximum
corrected flow in the map
Turbine Map

Here Turbine Pressure


Ratio is shown with the
same axes as a
compressor map: Turbine
Pressure Ratio over
Corrected Mass Flow.
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The disadvantage of this


format is that all the speed
lines nearly collapse.
Thermodynamic Stations

Here you get all the details at the


thermodynamic stations.
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The engine geometry - all the flow areas at all


stations - is among the results of the cycle
design point calculation.
Off-Design Input Data

Here you can choose whether


Relative Spool Speed ZXN or
Burner Exit Temperature ZT4 is given. Enter 2 to make Burner Exit
Temperature an input and
use 1200 for it

Let us run a case with 1200 K


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Burner Exit Temperature.


Off-Design Result

The solution is
found by
iteration
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Compressor Map

Cycle design point

Compressor
operating point for
T4=1200K
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Off-Design Iteration

These are the variablesThese


of are the estimated values of
Iteration targets are flow
the
the iteration. Betavalues areiteration variables. If the iteration
continuity between
fails to converge, you can try with
auxiliary coordinates in components and power
component maps. better estimates for the variables. balances

Now let us calculate the


complete sea level static
operating line.
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Off-Design Input
Operating Line

Reset to 1 and enter for the HPC


Spool Speed ZXN also 1
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Operating Line Input

Increase the Number of Points to 20,


The
then run theoperating line commences
case by clicking the with the
single point
Operating Line buttonwhich was calculated
before the operating line window was
opened. A series of points with
decreasing gas generator spool speed
will be calculated. The default step size
of relative spool speed is 0.025.

Answer
No
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Compressor Operating Line

We will employ a
handling bleed to cure
that problem.

Here the
compressor
surges
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Off-Design Input
Operating Line

Re-run the
operating line

Enter numbers
Click Controls to show the
in all 3 boxes
controls button group. Then
click the Bleed button
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Repeat the Operating Line Calc

Answer this time


Yes
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Switch Automatic Bleed On

Enter 1 for the second


operating line, then
click Run
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Compressor Operating Lines
With and Without Bleed

Let us have other views


on the data
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With bleed the


surge problem
does not exist.
The Default Plot

With bleed the surge


problem does not exist.
However, with bleed the fuel
consumption is higher
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New Picture
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New Picture
T4 = f(Corrected Spool Speed)

With bleed the surge problem does not


exist; however, the burner exit
temperature is significantly higher
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This slide ends the


Introduction to Off-Design Simulations
Tutorial

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