Description of WMS

Watershed Modeling System

What Model Does
Integrates GIS and hydrologic models
Uses digital terrain data to define watershed and
sub basin characteristics
Provides interface for hydrologic models widely
used in industry
Provides useful calculators for hydrologists and
engineers
MODULES:
The interface for WMS is divided into eight modules. A module is provided for each of
the basic data types or modeling environments supported by WMS.
When switching from one module to another module, the Tool Palette and the menus
change. This allows focusing only on the tools and commands related to the data type
being currently used in the modeling process. Switching from one module to another
can be done instantaneously to facilitate the simultaneous use of several data types
when necessary.
Modules are also changed depending on the selected data folder or object in the
Project Explorer.
The following modules are supported in WMS:
WMS:Terrain Data Module

The Terrain Data module imports, edits, and

prepares digital terrain data (DEMs, and TINs) for
hydrologic and hydraulic modeling. Several tools for
thinning, smoothing, clipping, and editing the data
are available.
Flood plain delineation using scattered data sets
and TINs is also handled from the terrain data
module.
WMS:Drainage Module

A primary use of WMS is to automatically delineate

watershed, stream, and sub-basin boundaries from
digital elevation sources such as TINs and DEMs.
The drainage module includes all of the commands
necessary to perform the automated delineations in
preparation of running one of the hydrologic models.
WMS:Map Module
The Map module provides a suite of tools for defining watershed data
in a GIS and then using the information to directly create and manage
hydrologic and hydraulic models, or as a support utility for data
development with either TINs or DEMs.
Results of watershed and floodplain delineations can also be saved in
the map module and converted to GIS data layers for export.
Land Use and Soil type layers can be created using feature objects in
the Map module and then used to compute curve numbers or map
other important modeling parameters.
(BERLAKU JIKA POLYGON SHP NYA MEMPUNYAI ATRIBUT SESUAI DENGAN SCS
SYSTEM)
WMS:Hydrologic Modeling Module
Hydrologic analysis is typically done using lumped parameter models
such as HEC-1. The Tree module provides a graphical interface to
HEC-1, TR-20, HSPF, TR-55, Rational Method, the National Flood
Frequency (NFF), and other programs.
In the absence of terrain data, topological or tree representations of a
watershed can be created. Then all necessary input data to run one of
the supported models can be defined using a series of dialogs.
This module is used for interfacing to hydrologic models and for the
construction of topologic watershed models in the absence of digital
terrain data.
WMS:Hydraulic Modeling Module
The primary purpose of the hydraulic modeling interface within WMS is to process
digital terrain and map data (TINs and coverages) to build the basic geometry
necessary for a 1D Hydraulic Model. Much of the information for developing models
with these tools is described in the information on River Tools in the Map module.
The general process for developing a model consists of the following steps:
1. Prepare a background digital terrain model that represents the river channel
bathymetry and surrounding flood plain with enough detail to substantiate the
modeling objectives.
2. Develop a 1D-Hydraulic Centerline coverage including the centerline and bank arcs.
3. Create the cross section arcs at important/required locations along the section of
river being modeled.
4. An Area Property coverage can be used to map roughness values to line properties
on the cross sections
5. Extract cross sections from the TIN and establish the 1D Model
6. Export the GIS data and finish defining HEC-RAS (or other model).
WMS:GIS Module
The GIS module has been separated from the Map module in order to define a more
integrated and separate approach to linking with GIS data.
The GIS module has two separate modes, although the primary functions are available
in either mode. The main reason that the GIS data has been separated from the map
module is to allow handling large files more efficiently when creating hydrologic
models.
For example the GIS module allows importing large files then selecting and converting
to feature objects only the portions that are needed. The conversion to feature objects
is both time consuming and potentially memory intensive, and so managing the GIS
data in this fashion is more efficient (the equivalent GIS functionality is to clip out just
the parts of the data necessary for import).
Some of the key functionality available in either mode includes:
Efficient management of large datasets
Graphical selection of features
Mapping of selected features to feature objects in map coverages
Viewing attribute tables
Joining additional attribute tables based on a key field
WMS:2D Grid Module
The 2D Grid module is used for surface visualization and for the development of a
GSSHA rainfall/runoff analytical model.
For example, it is possible to discretize a watershed into a number of grid cells and
then define important rainfall, infiltration, and channel properties at grid cells in
preparation for running GSSHA.
Any parameter such as hydraulic conductivity or rainfall intensity may be interpolated
from a set of scattered data points to the grid.
Results of the 2D analysis can then be contoured on the grid to display the variation in
the computed results.
WMS:2D Scatter Point Module
The Scatter Point module is used to interpolate from groups of scattered
data points to grids or TINs.
The Scatter Point module can be used to interpolate from a set of
scattered xy points representing something like rain gages to a finite
difference grid or to basin centroids for establishing rainfall curves for
HEC-1. A variety of interpolation schemes are supported.
Scattered data can be created using the Create Scatter Point Create
Vertices tool.png tool.
The most common use of scattered data are for creating water surface
elevations to compute a floodplain delineation. Generally, in such cases,
take advantage of a centerline and cross sections to develop a larger
dataset for flood plain delineation.
Summary
Powerful Model
Integrates GIS technology with hydrologic
models
Useful calculators
Fairly easy to use
Geographic Information
Systems GIS
 Geographic Information Systems
A Definition of GIS
GIS is a System of computer software, hardware and data,
and personnel to help manipulate, analyze and present
information that is tied to a spatial location

spatial location usually a geographic location

information visualization of analysis of data
system linking software, hardware, data
personnel a thinking explorer who is key to the
power of GIS
What is an Information System?
 BASISDATA PETA DIGITAL - SIG

Sekarang ini Peta (Data Geospasial) baik topografi

maupun tematik dalam bentuk model yang disajikan di
atas kertas (peta cetak) dapat (harus) dikonversi ke
dalam sistem digital (komputer), dan dikenal sebagai
Peta Digital;
Peta Digital tiada lain adalah sistem pemetaan dengan
penyimpanan data (spasial & non-spasial) dalam bentuk
basisdata, dikenal sebagai Basisdata Spasial;
Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) atau Geographical
Information Systems (GIS) berbasiskan Peta Digital
(Basisdata Spasial).
Two Ways to Input and Visualize Data
The World in GIS
Raster Grid
pixels, or cell
a location and value
Satellite images and aerial
photos are already in this
format

Real world
Vector Linear
Points, lines & polygons
Features (house, lake,
etc.)
Attributes
size, type, length, etc.
Combining Data From Many Sources
Data For GIS Applications
Digitized and Scanned Maps
purchased, donated, free (Internet)
created by user
Data Bases Tables of data
GPS Global Positioning System
accurate locations
Field Sampling of Attributes
Remote Sensing &
Aerial Photography
 Figure LIDAR (Light Detection
Laser
scanner and Ranging) system on aircraft
(courtesy Dr. Jason Drake, U.S.
Forest Service).

28

24

20
Height (m)

16

12

0 50 100
Number of laser shots
Representing Spatial Elements

RASTER

VECTOR

Real World
 Representing Spatial
Elements
Raster
Stores images as rows and columns of numbers with a
Digital Value/Number (DN) for each cell.

Units are usually represented as square grid cells that are

uniform in size.

Data is classified as
continuous (such as in an
image), or thematic
(where each cell denotes a
feature type.
Numerous data formats
(TIFF, GIF, ERDAS.img etc)
 Representing Spatial Elements
Vector
Allows user to specify specific spatial locations and
assumes that geographic space is continuous, not
broken up into discrete grid squares

We store features as sets of X,Y coordinate pairs.

 Vector
We typically represent objects in space as three
distinct spatial elements:
Points - simplest
element

Lines (arcs) - set of

connected points

Polygons - set of
connected lines

We use these three spatial elements to represent real world features and
attach locational information to them.
 Raster vs. Vector

Raster Advantages
The most common data format

Easy to perform mathematical and overlay operations

Satellite information is easily incorporated

Better represents continuous- type data

Vector Advantages
Accurate positional information that is best for storing discrete
thematic features (e.g., roads, shorelines, sea-bed features.)

Compact data storage requirements

Can associate unlimited numbers of attributes with specific features

 SISTEM PROYEKSI/KOORDINAT
Posisi suatu unsur geografik di permukaan bumi dapat
dinyatakan oleh nilai lintang (latitude) dan bujur (longitude)
unsur tersebut dengan unit satuan derajat.
Selain itu dapat juga dinyatakan dalam sistem proyeksi peta;
mis. Mercator, Polyeder, dll.

Yang dipakai di
Indonesia

Indonesia menganut sistem proyeksi Tranvers

Mercator (TM 6o) dengan sistem koordinat UTM
(Universal Tranvers Mercator).
 SISTEM PROYEKSI/KOORDINAT
Dalam sistem UTM dikenal adanya sistem pembagian zona
koordinat. Setiap zona mempunyai lebar 6o sepanjang garis Bujur.
DOWNLOAD DATA DEM
SECARA ONLINE
Website Data SRTM
Website Data SRTM
Website Data SRTM
Cropping Peta DEM Global Mapper
Crop peta daerah kajian dengan Global Mapper :
Rubah system koordinat dengan UTM
 Cropping Peta DEM Global Mapper
File > export raster and elevation data > export dem > export bound > draw box)
Cropping Peta DEM Arc GIS
 Cropping Peta DEM Arc GIS
Extraction By Mask Croping DEM dengan batasnya dari data Feature Polygon

Masukan feature
polygon batas
propinsi
(Jabar_UTM482.shp)
Masukan data DEM
hasil download SRTM
Lokasi Penyimpanan hasil yang sudah
Croping - Optionaly dikonversi ke ASC
 HYDROLOGICAL
MODELING USING WMS

1
 DELINEASI DAS /
WATERSHED DELINEATION

File Open : buka file DEM yang telah didownload dan dicrop pada tahap
sebelumnya

2
 DELINEASI DAS /
WATERSHED DELINEATION
Pilih Drainage Modul dan Pilih Menu DEM untuk menghitung flow direction dan flow
accumulation dari data DEM
Klick Compute Flow Direction/Accumulation
Pilih Run Topaz OK
Kemudian Define Unit sesuai dengan kebutuhan

3
 DELINEASI DAS /
WATERSHED DELINEATION
Hasil TOPAZ Flow Direction dan Flow Accumulation
Terdapat jaringan-jaringan drainase hasil TOPAZ

4
 DELINEASI DAS /
WATERSHED DELINEATION
Tentukan Outlet dari Batas DAS yang diinginkan
Pilih Drainage Modul
Klick - Create outlet Point
DEM Delineate Basin Wizrd OK
Klick Display Option untuk menampilkan informasi geometri dari DAS

5
 JOB CONTROL

Untuk menentukan tanggal dan waktu simulasi serta durasi interval hydrgraf
banjir yang diinginkan

6
 COMPUTE BASIN DATA

Basin data yang diperlukan dalam pemodelan hidrlogi : Time Lag atau Time
Concentration
Curve Number (Koefisie Run off) (Bisa Given atau Spasial (jika datanya ada)

7
DEFINE HUJAN RENCANA

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 DEFINE HUJAN RENCANA

Hujan rencana merupakan hasil analisis frekuensi hujan (Gumbel, Normal, Log
Pearson III, dll)
Distribusi hujan dalam contoh selama 24 jam

Hujan Rencana (mm)

Parameter
R2TH R5TH R10TH R25TH R50TH R100TH
Curah Hujan Rancangan (R) 96.12 117.20 131.15 148.79 161.87 174.86

9
 DEFINE UNIT HYDROGRAF

Jenis Unit Hidrograf yang terdapat di pada WMS antara lain Snyder, SCS, Clark
dan Kinematic.
Dalam contoh pemodelan ini digunakan Unit Hydrograf Snyder

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 HYDROLOGIC MODELING WIZARD

Setelah set up model hidrologi selesai, pilih clean up model untuk

identifikasi error input model.
Selanjutnya pilih Running Model

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 STOCHASTIC MODELING
Model ini berguna untuk menganalisis hidrograf dari beberapa data hujan
rencana, misalkan, untuk TR02, TR05, TR10, TR25, TR50 dan TR100
Hasil simulasi akan secara otomatis teranalisis berdasarkan berbagai data
hujan rencana tersebut di atas
Save define stochastic model di folder yang sama dengan file wms nya

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 STOCHASTIC MODELING

Ganti Parameter Persipitasi dengan angka kunci Key (-1) sebagai

indikasi hujan untuk berbagai periode ulang

13
RUNNIN STOCHASTIC MODELING

14
TERIMA KASIH

15
HASIL STOCHASTIC MODELING

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