Switch- an electrical and electronic system, a switch is a device, which can

make or break an electrical circuit

Types:
Mechanical Type Switches
-Mechanical switch is a switch in which two metal plates touch each other to
make a physical contact for the current to flow and separate from each other
to interrupt the flow of current

Electrical Type Switches

-Electrical switches, which are faster in response than mechanical switches
and can be switched automatically by an electronic circuit like microcontroller
or microprocessor. They can also be categories on the basis of current and
voltage rating like mechanical switches.

Limit Switch
-These switches are often used to limit the motion of a machine by turning of
the actuating power to a component if it moves too far.
- are actuated by machine motion.

Process Switch
-are actuated by changes in some physical process (temperature, level, flow,
etc.).
Mechanical Switches
SPST
The SPST is a basic ON/OFF switch, that is used to connect or break the
connection bet-ween two terminals

SPDT
The SPDT switch is a three terminal switch, one terminal is used as
input and remaining two terminals are used as outputs.

DPST
The DPST switch consists of two poles that means it includes two
identical switches located on side by side. This switch is operated by
one single toggle, which means that two discrete circuits are controlled
at a time through one push.

DPDT
This switch is equal to two SPDT switches, it means two separate
circuits, connecting two inputs of each circuit to one of two outputs.
The switch position controls the number of ways and from the two
contacts each contact can be routed.
 2P6T (Two Pole, Six Throw)
It is a type of the changeover switch with a common (COM) which may
be connected to six lines with a second two pole switch, which
controlling and the operation of the switch is same.

Electrical
Transistor
Relays

Limit-Type Switches
Lever Actuator Limit Switch
 These limit switches closely resemble rugged toggle or selector hand
switches fitted with a lever pushed by the machine part. Often, the
levers are tipped with a small roller bearing, preventing the lever from
being worn of by repeated contact with the machine part.

Proximity Switch
Proximity switches sense the approach of a metallic machine part
either by a magnetic or high-frequency electromagnetic field. Simple
proximity switches use a permanent magnet to actuate a sealed switch
mechanism whenever the machine part gets close (typically 1 inch or
less).

Process Type Switches

Speed Switch
 These switches sense the rotary speed of a shaft either by a centrifugal
weight mechanism mounted on the shaft, or by some kind of non-
contact detection of shaft motion such as optical or magnetic.

Pressure Switch

Gas or liquid pressure can be used to actuate a switch mechanism if

that pressure is applied to a piston, diaphragm, or bellows, which
converts pressure to mechanical force.
 Temperature Switch
a bulb filled with either a liquid or gas, with a tiny tube connecting the
bulb to a pressure-sensing switch. As the bulb is heated, the gas or
liquid expands, generating a pressure increase which then actuates the
switch mechanism.

Liquid Level Switch

A floating object can be used to actuate a switch mechanism when the
liquid level in an tank rises past a certain point. If the liquid is
electrically conductive, the liquid itself can be used as a conductor to
bridge between two metal probes inserted into the tank at the required
depth
 Liquid Flow Switch
Inserted into a pipe, a flow switch will detect any gas or liquid flow rate
in excess of a certain threshold, usually with a small paddle or vane
which is pushed by the flow.