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Deep beams
Deep beams

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8.12.2014
budovy
Deep beams
Vcepodlan

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budovy

wall system
Deep beams
Vcepodlan

deep beam

column system

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Deep beams
Deep beams are structural elements loaded as
beams in which a significant amount of the load
Deep beams - definition

is transferred to the supports by a compression

strut joining the load and the reaction.
As a result, the strain distribution is no longer
considered linear, and the shear deformations
become significant when compared to pure
flexure.
Floor slabs under horizontal load, short span
beams carrying heavy loads, and transfer
girders are examples of deep beams.
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Deep beams

Classical beam Deep beam

h < 0,25 l h > 0,4 l
Deep beams -behaviour

curved strain distribution

linear distribution of
strain

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Distribution of horizontal
stress in beams with
various span to depth ratio
Deep beams

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Definition limit
Classical beam Deep beam
Deep beams -behaviour

lYh

EN 1992-1-1: l 3 h
ACI: l 4 h

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Deep beams
simply supported h > 0,5 l
continuous h > 0,4 l
Deep beams - definition

where l is smaller from the values:

axial distance between the supports
1,5 times ln (ln clearance between the supports)

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Deep beams behaviour

Deep beams

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Continuous deep beam

Deep beams

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Trajectories of principal stress 1,2

Deep beams -behaviour

Loading at the bottom

Loading at the top - arch action - concrete,
stress distribution - tie action of the reinforcement
directly coming to the supports

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Biaxial compression of concrete

Deep beams

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Shear biaxial stress

Deep beams

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Flanged deep beams

Deep beams

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Deep beams

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Deep beams under top and

bottom loading
Deep beams

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Slender deep beams

Deep beams

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Methods of analysis
elastic analysis
simplified methods (here) ACI
Deep beams- analysis

recommended reinforcement design +

detailing for reinforcement layout
strut and tie
FE

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Reinforcement design simpl. method

Main reinforcement - similar procedure as

for classical beams
Additional reinforcement - necessary since
Deep beams

the deep beam performs specifically.

Assumption for the design

- deep beam is elastic, cracking is not taken
into account in the analysis of internal
forces.
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Reinforcement for bending:

MEd - bending moment M Ed
fyd yield strength of steel AS =
z - internal lever arm z f yd
Deep beams

Simply supported beam

z = 0,2 (1 + 0,2 h)
z 0,6 h
Continuous beam
l/h 2 z = 0,7 h
l/h<2 z = 0,2 (1 + 1,5 h)
z 0,5
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Deep beams

v = 0,25 h - 0,05 l
v 0,2 l

t 150mm
(grid at both surfaces)

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Reinforcement over the support of a continuous beams

half of reinf above support

Deep beams

must cross whole span

half can be lapped
in distance 0,4k from support

Strip B 1 l Strip C
A sB = 3 A s 1 l
2 h s=
AC l A s
2 h

If h 1 all reinforcement is in strip B 22

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Walls loaded at the top surface:

Grid 150/150 mm
As,tr = 0,0025 b, where b = thickness of the deep beam (wall)

At supports the amount of reinforcement is doubled (As,tr = 0,005 b) ; the

layout of reinforcement see figure
Deep beams

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Loading at the bottom surface:

grid (see previous slide)
fd l n
Stirrups A ss =
f yd

fd value of design load at the bottom surface

Deep beams

ln clear span

Grid 150/150 mm
As,tr = 0,0025 b, where b = thickness
of the deep beam (wall)

At supports the amount of

reinforcement is doubled
(As,tr = 0,005 b)
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Indirect loading Fd suspended lateral wall

grid 150/150 mm
Reinforcement for hanging of the wall

Fd
A szl = max 6 pcs of stirrups
Deep beams

f yd

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Fd Fd
Asz2 =0,5 A sz1=0,4
fyd fyd
Deep beams

Reinforcement 9 is in the central

plane of bearing wall

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Reinforcement of the hanging (suspended) wall

V V
Asv = Ed Ash =0,8 Ed
f yd f yd
If VEd > 0,75 VRd , inclined
reinforcement is recommended
Deep beams

(possibility b)
VRd =0,10 bkfcd

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Reinforcement of the hanging (suspended) wall

If VEd > 0,75 VRd , inclined

reinforcement is recommended
Deep beams

(possibility b)

VSd
A sd =0,8
fyd

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Point loads over supports

Reinforcement resisting to splitting stress

and condition VEd VRd must be checked
Deep beams

VRd =0,10 bkfcd

VRd is the shear resistance

b .. thickness of the wall
k .. smaller value from l, b
fsd design strength of concrete

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Point loads over supports

Reinforcement resisting to splitting stress

0,25Fd
A spd = A spe =
Deep beams

f yd

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Conditions over supports

Following conditions must be satisfied

Deep beams

Edge support:: AEd 0,8b(c + d ) f cd

Internal support: AEd 1,2b(c + 2d ) f cd

ASd reaction induced by design load
b - thickness of the beam
c,d - dimensions (figure)
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Conditions over supports

If there are point loads over the support - VEd is increased

Deep beams

For inner support shear must be checked for value:

k 2c
VEd = Fd
2k
where: c is width of the support
k is l or h (smaller value)

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strut and tie

Deep beams

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