Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Guidelines
for
Manual Testing
Table of Contents
1.0 Introduction............................................................................................................3
1.1 What is Software Testing?................................................................................................3
1.2 Why Test?...........................................................................................................................3
1.3 Principles of Testing.........................................................................................................3
1.4 Can Testing be replaced?.................................................................................................4
3.0 Tasks.......................................................................................................................5
3.1 Test Strategy Definition.....................................................................................................5
3.2 Test Plan.............................................................................................................................5
3.3 Test Design........................................................................................................................5
3.4 Test Execution and Reporting..........................................................................................6
7.0 Templates................................................................................................................9
8.0 References..............................................................................................................9
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1.0 Introduction
This document gives an overview of Software Testing, the different types of testing that
can be done and the activities involved in manual software testing
As such, there are many published definitions of software testing, however all of these
definitions boils down to essentially the same thing: software testing is the process of
executing software in a controlled manner, in order to answer the question “Does the
software behave as specified?”
• A good test is one that has a high probability of finding an as yet undiscovered error.
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3.0 Tasks
Refer to Test Strategy Guidelines for more information on defining the test strategy
A test plan states what the items to be tested are, at what level they will be tested, what
sequence they are to be tested in, how the test strategy will be applied testing of each
item, and describes the test environment.
Different test plans are prepared based on the level of testing. The objective of each test
plan is to provide a plan for verification, by testing the software, that the software
produced fulfills the requirements or design statements of the appropriate software
specification.
A Unit Test Plan describes the plans for testing individual units / components / modules
of the software
An Integration Test Plan describes the plan for testing integrated software components.
A System Test Plan describes the plan for testing the system as a whole.
An Acceptance Test Plan describes the plan for acceptance testing of the software.
Normally “Acceptance test plan” is prepared by the Customer taking the help of
Cognizant.
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set of test cases or test paths for each item to be tested at that level. A number of test
cases will be identified for each item to be tested at each level of testing. Each test
case will specify how the implementation of a particular requirement or design is to be
tested and the criteria for success of each test.
• A Unit Test Specification will detail the test cases for testing individual units of the
software
• A Integration Test Specification will detail the test cases for each stage of integration of
tested software components
• A System Test Specification will detail the test cases of system testing of the software
• An Acceptance Test Specification will detail the test cases of acceptance testing of the
software
It is important to design test cases for both positive and negative testing. Positive
testing checks whether the software is doing what it is supposed to do and Negative
testing checks whether the software is doing what it is not supposed to do.
Perform Tests
Passes
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Obviously the answer is NO. To prove that a program is completely free of bugs is
practically impossible and theoretically a mammoth exercise. Therefore the aim of testing is
to provide a suitable, convincing demonstration that the program has been tested enough
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• Testing stops when all test cases execute without producing any error
• Testing stops when all statements and all branches are executed and all test
cases execute without failure
• Testing stops when the result is unproductive (No. of errors per person per day
reduces)
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• Optimism
• Ego
• Testing is expensive
• Delivery commitments
7.0 Templates
Test Plan
8.0 References
Test Strategy Guidelines
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