On 31st of January guest lecture was lead by Gavin Tracey-senior sales

account manager and Dr Don Collins-Global market sector manager,

chemicals from Edwards Company. Edwards is a leading developer and
manufacturer of sophisticated vacuum products, abatement solutions and
related value-added services. The vacuum production systems are very
important for many special applications in industry, transport and
packaging materials, but also in research programs. Theme of the lecture
was an overview of basics of vacuum, which was built in five basic
categories. Initially they talked about what is a vacuum and how to create
it. Also how do we measure the pressure of it through of examples of
vacuum levels and SI units of pressure, as and vacuum gauge ranges.
Informations was given and about how the gas flows into the vacuum
system. Furthermore reference was also made to companies who use the
application of vacuum. Concluding spoke about separated categories of
vacuum pumps. The vacuum producing recommends a procedure
analogous but reverses to that of the compressed air production. While
there compressors add energy into an air chamber by maintaining the air
pressure therein at a desired level, the vacuum producing devices remove
air from a vacuum chamber by lowering the pressure therein at very low
levels. The vacuum producing is done by machinery whose operation
principle is similar to that of the basic types of pumps or compressors. The
main types of vacuum pumps are rotary machines, in which the air thrust
elements have the appropriate configuration (e.g. finned or screw
machines). The technology of vacuum producing devices intended to
remove the maximum possible number of moles of a chamber so the
pressure inside it becomes a very small fraction of atmospheric pressure.
The first class more interested in industrial applications and vacuum
achieved with rotary vane pumps of relatively low cost. In this type of
pumps, the seal between the vacuum and the pump portion which is in
contact with the atmosphere is the oil. The construction of these pumps oil
vapours entering the vacuum area, which leads to an undesirable pollution
in the vacuum chamber. This type of pumps can utilize the vacuum to
mechanical devices, but cannot ensure maximum purity of the vacuum
chamber where it is necessary to operably specific chemistry applications,
food industries, drugs etc. In the second class of vacuum systems utilized
diffusion type pumps using hot oil or mercury, and have the advantage
that no moving parts although the overall arrangement is supported by
vane rotary pumps. And these pumps related applications in which
absolute cleanliness in the air-vacuum system is not critical. If desired an
increased cleanliness then vortex pumps used moles (turbomolecular
pumps). And these pumps utilize an array of rotating blades, wherein the
blades are arranged in various suitable corners in order to eject the
remaining moles of air in a particular direction. The third class of vacuum
systems has mainly laboratory and less industrial interest. The vacuum
production systems have many applications in industry, whether related to
the manufacture, packaging or industrial or industrial projects. More
particularly exploited in vacuum drying chambers, coatings vacuum, to
leak detection in sublimation etc. Still have a crucial role to specific
requirements of industrial laboratories as support centrifuging devices,
gas level balancing devices, vacuum gauges and electron microscopes.