Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1- Aggregate
2-Bitumen (Tar)
3-Waste Plastics
AGGREGATE
Aggregate is a collective term for the mineral materials such as sand, gravel,
and crushed stone that are used with a binding medium (such as water,
bitumen, Portland cement, lime, etc.) to form compound materials (such as
bituminous concrete and Portland cement concrete). By volume, aggregate
generally accounts for 92 to 96 percent of Bituminous concrete and about 70
to 80 percent of Portland cement concrete. Aggregate is also used for base
and sub-base courses for both flexible and rigid pavements. Aggregates can
either be natural or manufactured. Natural aggregates are generally extracted
from larger rock formations through an open excavation (quarry). Extracted
rock is typically reduced to usable sizes by mechanical crushing.
Manufactured aggregate is often a bye product of other manufacturing
industries.
Therefore all the values of pavement are known and cross section of
pavement is as follows.
d. Traffic intensity
In this step, firstly for the given value of traffic intensity select appropriate
curve from classification table which is shown in the below chart. Now, from
the given CBR value of subgrade soil read the total thickness (T) with respect
to selected curve.
By using the above chart, for give CBR value of sub base course material and
for traffic intensity value read the thickness of pavement which is above the
soil sub base. It is denoted as (Tsb). Which is highlighted by circle in the
below fig. but here we have to find tsb.
Repeat the above procedure again, from the CBR value of base course and
from traffic intensity value read the value of thickness of pavement which is
above the base course (ts). From this we can find out the value of tb. tb = Tsb
ts
Therefore all the values of pavement are known and cross section of
pavement is as follows.