IFTM UNIVERSITY,MORADABAD

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

SUBJECT:DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING(EEC-602)
CLASS TEST:1

Q1. What is ROC? State the properties of ROC in context of Z-transform.

Q2. What is the relationship between Z transform and the Discrete Fourier transform?
Q3. Compute DFT of 4-point sequence x(n) = { 0, 1, 2, 3}
Q4. Compute IDFT for the frequency component X(k) = { 60, 0, -4, 0}
Q5. perform the circular convolution of the following two sequences.
x1(n) = {2, 1, 2, 1}
x2(n) = { 1, 2, 3, 4}

Solution:Q1
ROC: The z-transform is an infinite power series, it exists only for those values of z for
which the series converges. The region of convergence (ROC) of X (z) is set of all values
of z for which X (z) attains a finite value. The ROC of a finite duration signal is the entire
z-plane, except possibly the point . These points are excluded because z-
n
(when n > 0) becomes unbounded for z = and zn (when n > 0) becomes unbounded for
z = 0.
Properties of ROC:
1. If x[n] is of finite duration, then the ROC is the entire z-plane (the z-transform summation converges,
i.e., X(z) exists, for any z) except possibly z=0 and/or .
2. The ROC of X(z) consists of a ring centered about the origin in the z-plane. The inner boundary can extend
inward to the origin in some cases, and the outer can extend to infinity in other cases.
3. If x[n] is right sided and the circle |z|=r0 is in the ROC, then any finite z for which |z|>r0 is also in the ROC.
4. If x[n] is left sided and the circle |z|=r0 is in the ROC, then any z for which 0<|z|<r0 is also in the ROC.
5. If x[n] is two-sided, then the ROC is the intersection of the two one-sided ROCs corresponding to the two
one-sided parts of x[n]. This intersection can be either a ring or an empty set.

6. If X(z) is rational, then its ROC does not contain any poles (by definition dose not exist).
The ROC is bounded by the poles or extends to infinity.
7. If X(z) is a rational z-transform of a right sided function x[n], then the ROC is the region outside the outmost
pole. If x[n]=0 for n<0 then the ROC includes
8. If X(z) is a rational z-transform of a left sided function x[n], then the ROC is inside the innermost pole.

If x[n]=0 for (anti-causal), then the ROC includes z=0.

Solution: Q2

Let us consider a sequence x(n) having z-transforrn with ROC that includes the
unit circle. If X(z) is sampled at the N equally spaced points on the unit circle. If X(z) is

sampled at N equally spaced pomts on the unit circle.

We obtain

Expression is (2) identical to the Fourier transform X(w) evaluated at the N. equally
spaced. Frequencies

If the sequence x(n) has a finite duration of length N or less, the sequence can be

recovered from its N-point DFT. Hence its Z-transform is uniquely determined by its N-
point DFI. Consequently, X(z) can be expressed as a function of the DFT {X(k)} as

follows

When evaluated on the unit circle (3) yields the Fourier transform of the finite
duration sequence in terms of its DFT in the form:
This expression for Fourier transform is a polynomial interpolation formula for X(w)

expressed in terms of the, values {x(k)) of the polynomial at a set of equally spaced

discrete frequencies

Solution:Q3
By matrix method:

Solution: Q4
Solution: Q5
Solution by DFT and IDFT method: