AzusaPacificUniversity

OfficeofUniversityRelations

EditorialStyleGuide
Updated:May25,2016

TableofContents
AbouttheEditorialStyleGuide2
APUEditing,Proofreading,andGrammarGuidelines2
Abbreviations 2
Acronyms3
Capitalization4
FirstReferencesandSubsequentReferences11
GenderbasedWordUsage12
EthnicitybasedWordUsage14
Numbers15
Possessives17
Conjunctions17
Compounds18
Punctuation18
ReligiousTerminology20
Style/Tone22
UsageofWebsiteAddresses/URLs24
MediaTitles24
SpecialWordUsage25
Titles....29
APUReferenceInformationandResources31
CampusLocations,Addresses,andPhoneNumbers31
Colleges,Schools,Departments,andtheirPrograms36
SpecialExceptionsbyCollege,School,orDepartment37
StandardCopy38
UniversityDescriptions39
BoilerPlate40
Motto40
UniversityPhilosophiesandHistoricalInformation40
AdditionalInformation40

1
AbouttheEditorialStyleGuide

APUsEditorialStyleGuideprovidesspecificguidelinesforwritingandeditingbasedon The
ChicagoManualofStyle .Itdeterminesthestandardsandstyleofcommunicationsfiltered
throughtheOfficeofUniversityRelations(UR).URencouragestherestoftheuniversitytouse
theguideasahelpfulreferenceinuniversitywideeffortstomaintainconsistencyinour
languageandthusproperlydemonstrateourcommitmenttoprecisionincommunication.URs
editorialstaff(typicallythemostsenioreditor)updatestheguidetwiceayearperinstitutional
changesandindustrytrends.

APUEditing,Proofreading,andGrammarGuidelines
Abbreviations

AbbreviatingNumbers
Whenabbreviatingnumbers,followtheseexamplesofnumericalranges.Omitimplieddigits
310961131079705241,005914,64398201213.
whereapplicable:

AcademicAbbreviations
Usethetraditional/conservativeapproachandabbreviatedegreeswithperiodsandwithout
spaces: A.A.,A.S,B.A.,B.S.M.A.,Ph.D.,etc.
However,forabbreviationswiththreeormore
capitalletters,periodsaregenerallyomitted:
BSN,MSN,MBA,MFA,MSW,DPT,ABD,DMA,
andDBA. Seebelowforotherexceptionsanddefinitions.Pleasenote:Thereisanexception
fortheSchoolofNursing.Donotuseanyperiodsforany degreeswhenlistedintheSchoolof
Nursing(e.g.,RN,LVN,BSN,DNP,PhD).

A.B.artiumbaccalaureus(BachelorofArts)
A.M.artiummagister(MasterofArts)
B.D.BachelorofDivinity
C.Phil.CandidateinPhilosophy(Note:Thisintermediatedegreemaynotbeawarded
simultaneouslywithorafterthePh.D.)
D.B.divinitatisbaccalaureus(BachelorofDivinity)
D.C.DoctorofChiropractic
D.D.divinitatisdoctor(DoctorofDivinity)
DDSDoctorofDentalSurgery
D.O.DoctorofOsteopathy
DSODistinguishedServiceOrder
DVMDoctorofVeterinaryMedicine
Ed.D.DoctorofEducation
Ed.S.EducationSpecialist

2
Esq.Esquire
FRSFellowoftheRoyalSociety
J.P.JusticeofthePeace
JDjurisdoctor(DoctorofLaw,DoctorofJurisprudence),jurumdoctor(DoctorofLaws)
Kt.Knight
LHDlitterarumhumaniorumdoctor(DoctorofHumanities)
Litt.D.litterarumdoctor(DoctorofLetters)
LL.B.legumbaccalaureus(BachelorofLaws)
LVNLicensedVocationalNurse
M.A.Ed.MasterofArtsinEducation
M.Arch.MasterofArchitecture
MDMedicinaeDoctor(DoctorofMedicine)
M.Ed.MasterofEducation
M.P.MemberofParliament
Ph.B.philosophiaebaccalaureus(BachelorofPhilosophy)
Ph.D.philosophiaedoctor(DoctorofPhilosophy)
Ph.G.GraduateinPharmacy
RNRegisteredNurse
S.B.scientiaebaccalaureus(BachelorofScience)
S.J.SocietyofJesus
STBsacraetheologiaebaccalaureus(bachelorofsacredtheology)

Acronyms
Asageneralrule,thelettersofanacronymshouldnotbeseparatedbyperiods.Forexample:
UTCC,CSA,IMT. IfanorganizationisnotassociatedwithAPU,pleasecheckonlineforthe
correctabbreviationassomecompanies/officesmayuseperiods.
Note:CollegeHeadedandMightyProud(C.H.A.M.P.)stillusestheperiodsinitsacronym
becauseitisknowninthecommunitythatwayandallofitsprintedmaterialsusetheperiods.
SeealsoSpecialExceptionsbyCollege,School,orDepartment.

APU :TheacronymAPUisanacceptableabbreviationfortheuniversity,butweprefertouseit
minimally,wherepossible.BesuretouseAzusaPacificUniversityonthefirstreferenceand
thenAzusaPacificorAPUinsubsequentreferences.

GradepointAverage
GPAisacceptableonsecondreferenceorinaninformalcontext,suchasalist.

Jr.,Sr.,andtheLike
TheabbreviationsJr.andSr.aswellasromanorArabicnumeralsusedafteranamearepartof
thenameanddonotrequireaseparatingcomma.Theseabbreviationsareusedonlywiththe
JohnDoe,Jr.
fullname.Incorrect: Correct:
JohnDoeJr.

3
Capitalization

AcademicDegrees
(SeealsoProgramNames)
Capitalizethefirstletterofeachabbreviatedpartofanacademicdegree.Useperiodsanddo
notusespacesbetweenthelettersformostdegrees: B.A.,M.A.,M.S.
SeealsoAcademic
Abbreviations.Capitalizeonlytheofficial(fullproper)nameofadegreeprogram: Bachelorof
ArtsinHistory,MasterofScienceinNursing,DoctorofEducation, Ph.D.inEducation,
but
bachelorsprograminhistory,mastersdegreeinnursing. Useuppercaseinitialswhenthe
degreefollowstheindividualsname: JohnDoe,Ph.D.,JaneDoe,MFCC. Useanapostropheto
abbreviatethefullpropername: associatesdegree,bachelorsdegree,ormastersdegree
program .Capitalizethenamesofconcentrationsandemphases:BachelorofArtsinMusicwith
anemphasisinMusicEducation.

AcademicDepartments
Capitalizeinallusages:
DepartmentofHistoryandPoliticalScience,DepartmentofExercise
andSportScience. Neverusepartially: lsoincorrect:
DepartmentofHistory.A History
Department. (Note:Thoughnotanacademicdepartment,theAthleticsDepartmentisthe
exceptiontothisrule.)

AcademicTerm(Semester)
fallsemester,springsemester,fall1990,andspring1991.
Lowercaseinallusages: The
exceptioniswhenusedaspartofanofficialnameofaprogram:The1995FallBanquet.

AcademicTerms,SessionsforGraduatePrograms
Forgraduateprograms,theacademicstructurecomprisesthreeterms,whicharecapitalizedin
listingsFallTerm,SpringTerm,andSummerTerm. Withinthoseterms,coursesare
conductedoverweekslongsessions.Somesessionsrunconcurrentlyoroverlapduringeach
term.Consulttheacademiccalendarforupdatedinformationeachyear.Sampletermand
sessionsareusuallywrittenoutasfollows:
FallTerm
TraditionalFallSession(15week)
TraditionalFallSession1(9week)
TraditionalFallSession2(9week)
ELMResidencyFallSession(7week)
Graduateprogramsutilizedifferentcourseschedules.Forexample,theM.S.inOrganizational
Psychologyprogramrunsontraditional9weeksessionswithcoursesduringeachoftwo
sessionsofferedperterm.TheM.Div.programrunson15weeksessions.

4
Accreditations
Capitalizewhenusingthepropername.AzusaPacificUniversitysschools/departmentsare
accreditedbythefollowingeducationalandprofessionalassociations.Donotuseperiodswith
theacronyms.APUsaccreditationscanalsobefoundonthewebsite:
apu.edu/about/accreditation/.

AmericanAssociationofIntensiveEnglishPrograms(AAIEP)
AmericanPsychologicalAssociation(APA)
AssociationofTheologicalSchools(ATS)
BoardofRegisteredNursing(BRN)
CommissiononTeacherCredentialing(CTC)
CommissiononAccreditationinPhysicalTherapyEducation(CAPTE)
CommissiononAccreditationofAthleticTrainingEducation(CAATE)
CommissiononCollegiateNursingEducation(CCNE)
CouncilonSocialWorkEducation(CSWE)
InternationalAssemblyforCollegiateBusinessEducation(IACBE)
NationalAssociationofSchoolsofArtandDesign(NASAD)
NationalAssociationofSchoolsofMusic(NASM)
NationalAssociationofSchoolPsychologists(NASP)
NationalCouncilforAccreditationofTeacherEducation
(NCATE)*
WesternAssociationofSchoolsandColleges(WASC)

*Note:NCATEmergedwithTEACtoformtheCouncilfortheAccreditationofEducator
Preparation(CAEP).Attherequestoftheaccreditingbody,wearecontinuingtouseNCATEfor
recognition,untilCAEPismorewellknown.Anexampleofclarifyingusage:

AzusaPacificUniversityoffersteachereducationprogramsapprovedbytheCalifornia
CommissiononTeacherCredentialing(CTC)andtheNationalCouncilforAccreditation
ofTeacherEducation(NCATE),whichistransitioningtotheCouncilfortheAccreditation
ofEducatorPreparation(CAEP).

AstronomicalTerms
Capitalizethenamesofstars,satellites,planets,etc.CapitalizeEarthwhenitisusedasthe
propernameofourplanetlowercasewhenitisusedtoindicatesoil,orwhenprecededbythe
orusedinphrasessuchasdowntoearth.

Assembly
theCaliforniaAssembly)
Capitalizewhenusedasapropername(i.e. orifthestatenameis
droppedbutthereferenceisspecific.

Bible,Biblical
CapitalizeBibleinallreferencestotheOldandNewTestamentwritings,butlowercase
5
biblical.(SeealsoScripture(s),scriptural.)

BoardofTrustees
Uppercaseinallusages.Theboardisalsoacceptable.

BrandNames
Brandnamesandregisteredtrademarksarecapitalized:
BandAid,Kleenex,Xerox,Styrofoam.
Butwheneverpossible,usethegenericterm:
adhesivebandage,tissue,photocopy,plastic
foam.

Campus
Lowercasewhenusedaloneuppercasewhenusedaspartofaspecificname:
EastCampus
andWestCampusIbarelymadeittocampusintime.

Chapel
DonotcapitalizewhenreferringtoAPUsthriceweeklymorningchapelprogram,butcapitalize
whenreferencingformalchapelnamessuchasKaleoChapel,LiturgicalChapel,Evening
PrayersChapel.

CollegeandUniversityNames
FornamesofcollegesanduniversitiesotherthanAPU,consultthe Associationof

American
Colleges&Universities
,availableat
aacu.org/membership/list.cfm
.

Commencement
Thewordcommencementislowercased,asisthesemester(
springcommencement,winter
commencement ),exceptwhenfunctioningasatitle
.

Committees,Councils,Teams
Uppercaseinallreferencestospecificuniversitytaskforcesorcommitteesappointedfor
specificpurposes:
CriticalIncidentResponseTeamStaffCouncilTaskForceontheAdult
Learner.

CommunityMeeting
ThisreferstotheregularmeetingofAPUfacultyandstaff.Lowercaseinallusages.

Constitution
CapitalizeallreferencestotheU.S.Constitutioninreferencestoconstitutionsofothernations
orstates,capitalizeonlywiththenameofanationorastate:
theCaliforniaConstitution,the
stateconstitution.

6
Cornerstones
FourCornerstones
CapitalizewhenreferringtoAPUs Cornerstones.
orjust
APUs
Cornerstonesisalsoacceptable.

CourseNames
Uppercasewhenreferringtospecificcourses: MicrocomputerHardwareTechnology,
IntroductiontoNursingScience. Lowercasewhenmakinggeneralreference(exceptwhen
referringtolanguages):apoliticalscienceclasstaughtbyChrisJonesanEnglishclasstaught
byPatSmith. CapitalizeOnlinewhenitispartoftheformalcoursetitle.

Dean
DeanJohnSmith
Capitalizewhenusedasaformaltitlebeforeaname: lowercaseinother
uses:
JohnSmith,Ph.D.,deanofstudents,willspeakinchapel.

DeansList
Lowercaseingeneraluses: Sheisonthedeanslist.
UppercasewhenreferringtotheAzusa
PacificUniversityDeansList.Theapostropheshouldfollowthes.

Deity
GodtheFather,Son,andHolySpirit.
Uppercasereferencestodeity: Alsouppercasedirect
pronouns:
WhatdidJesusChristmeanwhenHesaid,ComeuntoMe,allwhoareweak?
Otherexamplesinclude:
WordofGod,BodyofChrist,Him,His.

DirectionalTerms
North,south,east,west,central,southeastern,northwesternarealllowercased.Capitalize
whenreferringtoawidelyknownsection:PacificNorthwest,theWestCoast,Southern
California.

Divine,Divinity
CapitalizeonlywhenusedindirectreferencetoGod,JesusChrist,ortheHolySpirit,orwhen
usedaspartofapropernoun:
TheDivinityofChristwasnotinquestion.Thechocolatemousse
wasdivine.

Editor,EditorinChief
Capitalizeeditorbeforeanameonlywhenitisanofficialcorporate/organizationaltitle.Donot
hyphenateeditorinchief.

Extension
Capitalizeandabbreviatewhenitappearsbeforeanumber:
ContacttheOfficeofUniversity
Relations,(626)8156000,Ext.4500.

7

FacultyMeeting
Lowercaseinallusages.

Godhonoring,Godly
CapitalizetheginGodhonoringbutlowercaseallusesofgodly:
APUstrivesforGodhonoring
excellence.Thatstaffmemberconductshimselfinagodlymanner.

Gospel
Capitalizeingeneralreference,andwhenreferringtothebooksoftheBible.Donotcapitalizein
referencetothemusicgenre:
ShewantedtosharetheGospel.ThetopicwastheGospelof
John.Heenjoysgospelmusic.

Holidays
GoodFridayLaborDay.
Religiousandsecularholidaysarecapitalized: APUhasaChristmas
vacationandaMidsemesterBreak(nolongerEasterVacation,andnotSpringBreak).

Internet
Thetermislowercaseinalluses:
Theclassusedtheinternetforacademicresearch.

Judge
Capitalizebeforeanamewhenitistheformaltitle.

Majors,Minors
(SeealsoAcademicDegrees)
Donotcapitalizeunlessitisthefullpropernameofanacademicprogram:
APUspsychology
majoraminorinaccountingBachelorofScienceinChemistry.

NationalGuard
CapitalizewhenreferringtoU.S.orstatelevelforces:
theNationalGuard,theGuard,the
CaliforniaNationalGuard.

OfficeNames
Capitalizetheformalnameoftheofficeandavoidusingpartialnamesinfirstreference:
Jimhad
anappointmentintheOfficeofUndergraduateAdmissions,butdidnotknowwhere
UndergraduateAdmissionswaslocated.LindawaslateleavingtheSchoolofNursing.
Incorrect:
JimhadanappointmentintheUndergraduateAdmissionsOffice.

OldTestament/NewTestament
Botharealwayscapitalized,butnotitalicized.

8

Olympics
Capitalizeallreferencestotheinternationalathleticcontestsheldeveryfouryears:
theOlympic
Games,theGames,anOlympicsizedpool.

PoliticalParties
Namesofnationalandinternationalpoliticalorganizations,movements,andalliances,and
Democraticparty,Republicanparty)
membersofpoliticalparties,arecapitalized( ,butnotthe
wordsparty,movement,platform,etc.,unlesspartoftheformalname.

President
CapitalizeonlyasaformaltitlebeforethenameofAPUspresident,butuselowercaseinall
PresidentJonR.Wallacethepresidentsaidtoday.
otheruses: Onsecondreference,useonly
thelastnameoftheperson: PresidentWallace.WhenreferringtothePresidentoftheUnited
States,Presidentiscapitalizedinalluses,whetherconnectedtoasurnameornot.

ProfessionalTitles
(Referto8.2135inTheChicagoManualofStyle forfurtherclarity)
Titlesarecapitalizedonlywhentheyimmediatelyprecedeapersonalnameandarethusused
aspartofthename.Titlesshouldbelowercasedwhenfollowinganameorusedinplaceofa
name: DirectorofHumanResourcesJaneDoeJaneDoe,directorofhumanresourcesJane
Doe,director,OfficeofHumanResourcesthedirectorofhumanresources.
Exception :NamesandtitlesdisplayedinlistformatsuchasonaMeettheStaffwebpageor
onanAcademicCabinetlistinanannualreport:
JaneDoe
DirectorofHumanResources

Professor
Neverabbreviate.Capitalizewhenusedasaformaltitlebeforeafullname:
ProfessorTom
Smith.
Lowercaseelsewhere: TomSmithisanassistantprofessorintheSchoolofMusic.

ProgramNames
(SeealsoAcademicDegreesreferto8.32in The
ChicagoManualofStyle
forfurtherclarity)
Whentheofficialnameofadegreeoritscorrectabbreviationisused,thesubjectofthedegree
mustbecapitalized.Whenreferringtoamastersinthesubjectneednotbecapitalized.For
example: M.A.inHistory,mastersinhistory,andMasterofArtsinHistoryprogram.When
identifyingprograms,bespecific:
adegreeprogram(asintheaboveexample)acertificate
program(CertificateinTESOLprogram)oracredentialprogram(PreliminaryAdministrative
ServicesCredentialprogram) .
Note:Thewordprogramisnotcapitalized.

9
RegionalCampus
Lowercasewhenusedaloneuppercasewhenusedaspartofaspecificname: InlandEmpire
RegionalCampus. Whenlistingaseriesofregionalcampuses,lowercase:Thisprogramis
offeredatAPUsInlandEmpire,Murrieta,andSanDiegoregionalcampuses.

Tonote:APUsLosAngeleslocation,previouslyaregionalcenter,isformallycalledtheLos
AngelesRegionalSite.APUsMonroviaclassrooms,currentlyusedbytheSchoolofNursing,
areNOTaregionalcampus,campus,orbuilding.PleaserefertothemonlyastheMonrovia
classroomsorMonroviaSite,itsformaldesignation.ClassroomsinsideUniversityCollegesSan
DimaslocationandutilizedbyUCprogramsmaybereferredtoastheSanDimasclassrooms.

Scripture(s),Scriptural
CapitalizeScripture(s)inallreferencestotheOldandNewTestamentwritings,butlowercase
scriptural.(SeealsoBible,biblical.)

Seasons
Thefourseasonsarealwayslowercasedexceptwhenusedinapropernounortodenotean
issueofapublication:
summersolsticefall2011semesterAPULife,Summer2011.

SocialSecurity
CapitalizethewordsSocialSecurityonly.Donotcapnumber,tax,office,etc.

The
Donotcapitalizetheaspartofacampustitle . theSchoolofMusic,
Itis not
TheSchoolof
Music. Usingtheinfrontofacampusnamedependsonthejudgmentofthewriter,the
meaningofthesentence,andthewaythesentencereads.Mostofthetime,theisappropriate
butnotalwaysnecessary.Itisbesttousetheifdistinguishingonecampusfromanother: She
attendedtheOrangeCountyRegionalCampusforoneyearandtheLosAngelesRegionalSite
foranother. Thisrulealsoextendstoofficialnamesofpublications,eventiftheisthefirstword
ofitsofficialname,e.g.ThearticleranintheNewYorkTimes.

University
Donotcapitalizeuniversitywhenitstandsalone,eveninobviousreferencestoAzusaPacific
University:JonWallace,presidentofAzusaPacificUniversity,said,Aspresidentofthis
university...

Web
ShortforWorldWideWeblowercaseinalluses,includingaspartofthecompoundword
website.
Note:Itispreferabletousetheinternetinsteadoftheweb.

10
Website,Webmaster
Lowercaseunlessitisthefirstwordinaline.

WordofGod
CapitalizeasshownwhenreferringtotheBible.

ZIPCode
AlwaysuseallcapsforZIP,butlowercasecode.

FirstReferencesandSubsequentReferences

AzusaPacificUniversity
ThefirstreferencetypicallyshouldbeAzusaPacificUniversityorAzusaPacific,particularly
foraudiencegroupsunfamiliarwiththeuniversity.Forsubsequentreferences,APUis
acceptable.ItisnolongeressentialtoincludeAPUinparenthesesafterthefirstreferenceto
AzusaPacificUniversity.

WhenreferringtoanAPUregionalcampus,usethefullnameonfirstmentionandpartialname
onsubsequentmentions: ShetakesclassesatAPUsMurrietaRegionalCampus.Itsthe
closestregionalcampustoherhouse.

CampusAddresses
Alwaysuseformalnamesonfirstreference.Usefiguresandcapitalizeroomandtheformal
buildingname:
TheBoardofTrusteeswillmeetat8a.m.onFridayinWildenHall,Room103.
SeealsotheCampusLocations,Addresses,andPhoneNumberssectionofthisguide.

CourtesyTitles
Insecondreferences,courtesytitlessuchasMr.,Mrs.,Miss,andMs.arenottobeused.Use
onlythelastnameinsecond(andsubsequent)references.

ResidenceDirector,ResidentAdvisor
RDandRAareacceptableonsecondreference.

TitlesofGroups
Onfirstreference,usethefullnameofgroup,department,etc.,andcapitalizeallwordsexcept
prepositions.Onsubsequentreference,whenonlyapartialnameisused,lowercase: The
SchoolofBusinessandManagementpreparedthismanual.Theschooloffersbachelorsand
mastersprogramsinbusiness.

11
GenderbasedWordUsage

Animals
Becarefulnottoassumeananimalismaleunlesstheword(buck,bull,etc.)makesthisclear.
Refertoanimalswiththeneutergenderpronounit.

Athletics
Becarefulnottorefertoamaleteamasamensteamandafemaleteamasagirlsteam.
Incorrect: orrect:
Themensbasketballteamwonby12pointsthegirlsteamwonby17.C The
mensbasketballteamwonby12pointsthewomensteamwonby17.

GenericHePronoun
Theuseofthegenerichemaybeperceivedaspromotingsexism.Usethefollowinghelpful
hintstoavoidcausingconcern:
Groupwordstouseapluralpronounproperly.
Yes:TypicalAmericansknowtheirhistory. No:ThetypicalAmericanknowshishistory.
Yes:Nursesshouldhavetheirsalariesraised. No: Everynurseshouldhavehersalary
raised.
Deleteoromitthepronoun.
Yes:Apoliticianlikestoofferopinions.
No:
Apoliticianlikestoofferhisopinions.
Yes:Homeworkisimportanttothelawyerwhowantstowinacase. No:
Alawyerwho
wantstowinhiscasewilldohishomework.
Usethewordtheinplaceofthepronoun.
Yes:Anaccountantcangetusedtothedetailedwork. No:Anaccountantcangetused
tohisdetailedwork.
Yes:Ateachernevertiresofthenurturingduties. No:Ateachernevertiresofher
nurturingduties.
Recastthesentencetochangethesubject.
Yes:Areaderwhoneedsagoodbookgoestothelibrary. No:Ifareaderneedsagood
book,hegoestothelibrary.

Girl,Boy
Girlcanbedemeaningwhenreferringtoanadultwoman,andboycanbedemeaningwhen
referringtoanadultman.Ifthegendersrepresentedareofasimilaryoungage,referenceto
girlsandboysmaybeacceptable.

GlossaryofNongenderspecificTerms
Yes:
flightattendant,No:
airlinestewardess
Yes:
businessexecutives ,No:
businessmen
Yes:
chair,No:chairman

12
Yes:
legislators,No:congressmen
Yes:
councilmembers ,No:
councilmen
Yes:
homemaker,householder ,No: housewife
Yes:
averageperson ,No:manonthestreet
Yes:
humankind,humanity,people ,No: mankind
Yes:
journalists,No:newsmen
Yes:
salesagents,salesassociates ,No:salesmen
Yes:
leader,diplomat,politician ,No: statesman
Yes:
worker, No: workingman
Yes:
skillful
,No:workmanlike

PersonalNamesandTitlesonMailings
Wheneverpossible,usefullnames,includinginitials.Also,usetheindividualspreferredprefix:
Mr.,Mrs.,Ms.,Dr.,Rev.,Hon.Whendoubtexistsastoafemalesmaritalstatus,alwaysuse
Ms.Forformalinvitations,useclassicreferences.Usethefollowingasguidelines:
Mr.andMrs.JohnA.DoeJr.
Dr.andMrs.JohnA.DoeJr.
Drs.JohnA.andJaneB.Doe( Note :Jr.isdroppedhere)
Mr.JohnA.andDr.JaneB.Doe
Rev.andMrs.JohnA.Doe
Rev.JohnA.andDr.JaneB.Doe
Mr.JohnA.andRev.JaneB.Doe
Mr.JohnA.Doe
Dr.JohnA.Doe
Ms.JaneB.Doe
Rev.JaneB.Doe

Doubletitlesarenotacceptable.Incorrect: Rev.Dr.JohnA.Doe
ForparentsofAPUstudents,itiscriticaltohaveboththemothersandthefathersfullnames
included.Newspaperstypicallyrequestamothersfullnameandwillnotacceptclassic
referencesaslistedabove.Inthosecases,thefollowingusuallyappears: JohnA.andJaneB.
Doe

Wife,Husband
Theoppositeofwifeishusband.Husbandandwifeshouldbeusedinsteadofmanandwife.
Becarefultoavoidtermsthatmayimplyawifeasanappendageoraschattel:
thelittlewoman,
justawife,ballandchain
.

Woman,Man
Becarefultoavoidusingmantorefertoallofhumanity.Manyalternativesareavailable.
Incorrect:
Manhasinhabitedtheearthforthousandsofyears.Correct:
Humanshaveinhabited
theearthforthousandsofyears.

13

EthnicitybasedWordUsage

AccordingtheCensusBureaus2010Census,racehastheseclassifications:
White
Black/AfricanAmerican/Negro
AmericanIndian/AlaskaNative
AsianIndian
Chinese
Filipino
OtherAsian(Hmong,Laotian,Thai,Pakistani,Cambodian,etc.)
Japanese
Korean
Vietnamese
NativeHawaiian
Guamanian/Chamorro
Samoan
OtherPacificIslander(Fijian,Tongan,etc.).

EthnicityisclassifiedasHispanic/Latino/Spanishorigin(Mexican/MexicanAmerican/Chicano,
PuertoRican,Cuban,Argentinean,Colombian,Dominican,Nicaraguan,Salvadoran,Spaniard,
etc.)ornonHispanic/Latino/Spanishorigin.Hispanicoriginisconsideredseparatelyfromrace
andHispanicsmayidentifywithanyrace.

Asageneralpolicy,referencetoaspecificindividualsraceisnotappropriate.However,in
thoseinstancesthatinvolveaconflict,itisequallyimportanttospecifythatanissuemaycut
acrossraciallines.Identificationbyracemayalsobepertinentwhenprovidingthereaderwitha
substantialinsightintoconflictingemotionsknownorlikelytobeinvolvedinademonstrationor
similarevent.Generally,donotuseminority,butratherunderrepresentedethnicitiesor
studentsofcolor.

AfricanAmerican/BlackAmerican
UseeitherAfricanAmericanorBlackAmerican.Remembertoalwayscapitalize.

AmericanIndian
AmericanIndianispreferredoverNativeAmerican.Bepreciseandusethenameofthetribeif
possible:HeisaNavajocommissioner.
SpellingsarepublishedbytheBureauofIndianAffairs,
TheReferenceEncyclopediaoftheAmericanIndian (ToddUniversityPublications),andin
varioustribalpublications.ManywordshistoricallyassociatedwiththeAmericanIndianarenow
deemeddisparagingandoffensive: warpath,powwow,brave,squaw. Becarefuloftheirusage.

14
Asian,AsianAmerican
UseAsianAmericanforanAmericanofAsiandescent(Filipino,Korean,Thai,Pakistani,etc.).
ThewordAsianaloneusuallyreferstointernationalstudents.

Caucasian
Caucasian,White,orEuropeanAmericanmaybeused.Remembertocapitalize.

Filipino,Philippines
Notethedifferentspellings.

Latino,HispanicAmerican
UseeitherLatino/LatinaorHispanicAmericanforthosewhoidentifyasMexican,Mexican
American,Chicano,Cuban,Colombian,Dominican,etc.Regionaldesignationsandnationalities
shouldbeusedwhentheyaremoreaccurateandspecificthanageneraldesignationwouldbe:
Mexican,PuertoRican,Bolivian,Peruvian,etc.

PacificIslander
UseforthoseindividualsfromthesmallerPacificIslands.ForAmericanswiththisbackground,
useAsianPacificAmerican.Specifyregionaldesignationornationalitywhenpossible:Native
Hawaiian,Guamanian/Chamorro,Samoan,Fijian,Tongan,etc .

Numbers

AbbreviatingNumbers
Whenabbreviatingnumbers,followtheseexamplesofnumericalranges.Omitimplieddigits
whereapplicable,aslongastheinformationisstillcleartothereader:
310961131079
7052414,64398201213. Exception:Whenusingrangeswithdollaramounts,donotomit
digits,e.g.$110130.Note:Useanendashtoconnectnumbers.SeeHyphenssectionfor
moreinformation.

Age
Though TheChicagoManuals tatestousenumeralsatalltimestodescribeapersonsage,we
adheretoourgeneralrulefornumbersandspelloutagesbelow10.Foragesexpressedas
adjectivesbeforeanounorassubstitutesforanoun,usehyphens. Johnisfiveyearsold.She
met12yearoldNatalie.Tomisinhis30s(noapostrophe).

CourseNumbers
UsethedepartmentabbreviationandthethreedigitArabicnumericalcoursecodeand
capitalizethesubjectwhenusedwiththenumber:
CHEM351OrganicChemistry.

15
Dates
Alwaysusenumeralsexceptoncertainformalinvitationsorprograms.Donotuse~st,~nd,~rd,
or~th,exceptinreferencetocenturiesfromthe10thforward.

Decades
the1990s.
Whendescribingadecade,donotuseanapostrophe: Itispropertoshortena
the70s.
decadetitlebyusinganapostrophe:

Millions
Ingivingnumbersabove999,999,itispreferabletousethewordmillion,precededbythe
appropriatenumber: TheUnitedStatespopulationnowtotalsmorethan250million.TheAPU
budgetexceeds$50million.
Note: Ingivingrangeswiththisconstruction,alwaysincludethewordmillionafterbothnumbers
intherange: Thenewresidencehallwillcost$3.5millionto$4million.

Money
Ingivingprices,itisnotnecessarytogivethenumbersafterthedecimalwhentheamountisin
$125,
dollarsonly: not
$125.00.

Numeralsvs.Words
Wholenumbers: Generally,spelloutonlysingledigitnumbersandusenumeralsforall
others(10andup). Theyhadthreesonsandtwodaughters.APUoffers51
undergraduatemajors. Avoidawkwardlocutionssuchas: Completeyourdegreein15
monthsatoneofeightSouthernCalifornialocations. Instead:
Hehad15parkingtickets
and2latefees.
Largenumbers: Whenlargenumbersmustbespelledout,useahyphentoconnecta
wordendinginytoanotherword,butdonotusecommasbetweenotherseparate
words:twentyone,onethousandonehundredfiftyfive.
Sentencestart: Spelloutanumeralatthebeginningofasentence,withtheexception
ofanumeralidentifyingacalendaryear: 1991wasaverygoodyear.Sixpeople
attendedtheparty.
Ordinalnumbers :Spelloutfirstthroughninthwhentheyindicatesequenceintime
firstbase,hewasfirstinline.
orlocation: Startingwith10th,usefigures.Use1st,2nd,
3rd,etc.whenthesequencehasbeenassignedinformingnames.Examplesofthisare
geographic,military,orpoliticaldesignations: 7thFleet1stSgt.
Inaseries:Inaseriesofnumbers,usenumeralsinsteadofspellingthemout: Shehad
10dogs,6cats,and97hamsters.

Percent
5percent17.3percent.
Alwaysusenumeralsbutspelloutpercentintext: Usethe%symbol
incharts,graphs,andscientificandmathematicalmaterial.

16

PhoneNumbers
Includeonespacebetweenanareacodeenclosedinparenthesesandaphonenumber: (800)
8255278. Note:Duetoevolvingtelecommunicationtrends,itisnolongernecessarytoindicate
tollfreebeforeorafteran800,866,or877number,asmostreadersnowunderstandtheseto
befeelesslines.

ProjectCode
ForURstaffonly,theprojectlistnumbershouldbeprintedatthebottomofeachproject.It
shouldbeinaverysmalltypefaceandinaninconspicuouslocationdeterminedbythedesigner.
Thishelpsustracktheprojectinsubsequentyearsshouldweneedinformation.Exceptions:
Someprojects,duetotheirtype,donotrequireprojectnumbers,e.g.,billboards,quickscreens,
largedisplays,highendinvitationswithdates.

SATScores
PleasenotethatcommasshouldnotbeusedinSATscores:
Shereceiveda1200onherSATs.

TimesofDay
Whengivingthetime,ifaneventbeginsonthehour,itissufficienttogivethehouronly:
8p.m.,
8:00p.m.
not 89:30p.m.
Thisincludesrangesofnumbers,e.g., not8:009:30p.m.

Units
Alwaysusenumeralswhenreferringtocreditsorunits:
18creditsa3unitcourse.

Possessives
Makesingularnounspossessivebyaddingsandmakepluralnounspossessivebyadding
onlyanapostrophe: Thebirdswingwasbroken.Thebirdsrefugewastheledgeofabuilding.
If
asingularnounendsinans,addonlyanapostrophetomakeitpossessive.Usethesame
ruleforpropernames: Everyspacewasemptyatthatcampusparkinglot.SherlockHolmes
reasoningabilitiesdidnotfailhim.
Note: ThisruledivergesfromTheChicagoManualofStylepoliciesonpossessives,outlinedin
sections7.157.21.

Conjunctions
TheChicagoManualofStyle,
Accordingto itisNOTanerrortobeginasentencewitha
conjunction.However,butcanbeunclearatthebeginningofasentenceunlesstheideait
introducesdirectlycontrastswithwhatprecedes.Payspecialattentiontomeaningwhen
choosingtobeginasentencewithaconjunction.

17
Compounds
Acommoneditorialconcerniswhethertospellcompoundsastwowords,hyphenate,orclose
upasasingleword.Ingeneral,hyphenationisusuallyonlynecessarybeforeanoun(see
Symbols,Hyphensbelow).Readabilityandpronunciationaretheoverallgoals.Errontheside
ofnotusinghyphenationunlessclearlyneeded: nonprofit,reenroll
.Forahelpfulguideto
compounds,referto7.90of TheChicagoManualofStyle,15thEdition, page302.Websters
CollegiateDictionaryisourdefinitiveresourceforspellingwords,includingcompoundswithor
withouthyphens.
Adverbsendinginly :Nothyphenatedbeforeorafteranoun
Hyphenwithwordspace :Whenthesecondpartofahyphenatedexpressionis
omitted,thehyphenisretained,followedbyawordspace. Universityandcollegebound
studentsfivetotenminuteintervals
Christfollower,decisionmaker,differencemaker :Donothyphenatethese
commonlyusedphrases.

Punctuation

Contractions
Bewareofthecontractionformswhenitmakesthelongformunclear:
Whatstheproblem?
Whatsbeengoingon?Hesthepresident.Hesbeenhere30years. Inthesecases,writeout
whatis,whathas,he/sheis,andhe/shehas.
Note:
InmostformalAPUpublications,contractionsarenotused.
Exception: Contractionsare
usedinmanyUGprint/webmaterialsforamorecasualstyle.

SpacesAfterPunctuation
Useonetypesetspace,nottwo,afterallmarksofpunctuationthatendasentence,whethera
period,colon,semicolon,questionmark,exclamationpoint,orclosingquotationmarks.

Symbols
Ampersand
(&):Useampersandsonlyincharts,tables,lists,andnamesofcompanies
wheretheampersandispartofthecompanysofficialname.Intext,useand.
Apostrophes() :Apostrophesareusedtoshowpossessionandtoindicatemissing
lettersornumerals:Joescarisred.Janecalledthe60sherdecade.Usereverse
apostropheswhenreferencinggraduationyearsforalumni: JaneDoe06.Use
apostrophesinthenamesofabbreviatedacademicdegrees: bachelorsdegree
mastersdegree. Donotuseanapostropheforpluralsofmultiplelettercombinationsor
numerals: ShepracticedherABCs.ThousandsofTVstunedintothatprogram. Also,
whenediting,checkforsmartapostrophes.Whendocumentsaretransferredfrom
email,sometimesapostrophesappearlike'this.'Justretypetheapostrophetoreformat
forthecorrectshape.
Brackets([]):Thereareseveralusesforbrackets:Usebracketsforparentheseswithin
18
 parenthesesandeditorialadditionsorwordsubstitutionsinquotations.Usebracketsto
encloseeditorialexplanation.Usebracketstosetoffphonetictranscriptsofwords.
Colon(:) :Acoloniscommonlyusedtointroduceaseriesorlist,eveninparagraph
format.Thetermsasfollowsorthefollowingrequireacoloniffolloweddirectlybythe
illustratingitems,oriftheintroducingclauseisincompletewithoutthoseitems:
Ifacolonintroducesacompletesentence,morethanonesentence,aformal
statement,quotation,orspeechinadialogue,capitalizethefirstwordofthe
sentence: Therewasonerule:Everyonemusthavefun.
Ifthecolonintroducesasentencefragment,donotcapthefirstletter: Thelecture
coveredthreeareas:banking,law,andethics.
Commas(,) :

Thecommadenotesaslightpauseandisusedtoseparateitemsina
series,includingthenexttolastitem: Azusa,Glendora,andLaVerne. Fordateswitha
monthandyearonly,donotuseacomma: June1983themeetinghadtakenplacein
November1986. Sincethecommaisoneofthemostmisusedpunctuationmarks,itis
helpfultoresistoveruseandconsult TheChicagoManualofStyle whenindoubt.
Whenanampersandisusedinsteadofthewordand,theserialcommais
omitted.Theampersand,however,shouldbeavoidedunlessitispartofaname
ortitle.
Aphrasethatisnonessentialtothemeaningofthenounitmodifiesshouldbeset
offbycommas: Thestudent,wearingahat,iswalkingtoDarlingLibrary.
Copyright() :Thisisthepreferredsymbolforgivingnotice.Forthemostpart,itshould
befollowedbytheyearthepieceispublishedandthenthenameofthecopyrightowner.
Dollars($) :

Usefiguresand$signinallcasesexceptcasualreferences( pleasegive
meadollar )oramountswithoutafigure( dollarsareflowinghere) .Donotusezerosfor
exactamounts: $5,
insteadof$5.00.
Foramountsmorethan$1million,usethe$and
numeralsuptotwodecimalplaces: Itisworth$4.27million.Itisworthexactly
$1,384,932.
Ellipsis(...):

Theellipsisshouldhaveaspacebeforethefirstperiod,betweeneach
period,andafterthelastperiod.Theellipsisisusedtoindicatethatoneormorewords
havebeendeletedfromaquote,text,ordocument :AzusaPacificUniversityexists...to
advancetheworkofGodintheworld.
Ifthepartbeforetheellipsisisacompletesentence,aperiod(orother
appropriatepunctuationmark)precedestheellipsis: Blessedarethepoorin
spirit,fortheirsisthekingdomofheaven....Blessedarethemerciful,forthey
shallbeshownmercy.
Hyphens(),endashes(),andemdashes() :(SeealsoCompoundsabove)
Rememberthatgenerally,hyphenslinkitemsanddashesseparatethem.Donotuse
spacesbeforeorafteranyofthesesymbols.
Hyphensjoinwordstoformcompoundadjectivesorattachcertainprefixesor
suffixestowords.Thehyphenshouldbeusedforcompoundwords,word
division,andtoseparatecharacters/numbers. SomestudentsarenonEnglish
speakers.Myphonenumberis5552315.
Hyphensarealsousedtoconnectnumberranges,signifyinguptoand

19
 includingorthrough. InGenesis6:1322,wefindGodsinstructionstoNoah.
TheSchoolofMusiceventtakesplaceSaturday,11:30a.m.4p.m. (Notethat
thisruledivergesfrom TheChicagoManualofStyle, whichcallsforendashesin
thisuse.HyphensarepreferredbyAPUinstandardcontentasaweband
readerfriendlystyle.Endashesmayoccasionallybeemployedinheadlinesor
otheremphasizedtexttoenhancevisualclarity.)
Usetheemdashtosetoffanamplifyingorexplanatoryelement(although
commas,parentheses,oracolonmaybeclearer).Usually,parenthesesare
usedwhentheinformationisnonessential,whereasdashesareusedfor
emphasis. ItisalongstandingfavoriteamongAPUstudentstheBlackout
Tshirts.Theprofessorsstudentsthatis,formerstudentsstillkeepintouch
withher.
ToNote: DonotusehyphensinMultipleSubjectandSingleSubjectinrelationto
theSchoolofEducationcredentialsandprograms.
Quotationmarks() :

Quotationmarksgoinsidesemicolonsandcolons,outside
commasandperiods.Questionmarksandexclamationpointsgoinsidethequotation
marksiftheyarepartofthequoteandoutsideiftheyarenot. Ex:DidyouwatchThe
CivilWar?thensheasked,Didyoupainttheentirefence?
Theguidelinesforquotationsonthefirstreferencetothepersonbeingquoted
areasfollows :Ourprogramsareverystrong,saidThomasA.Smith,Ph.D.,
deanoftheSchoolofTheology. Afterthequoteonsubsequentreferences,
simplyusethepersonslastname.
Ex:Studentsreallyenjoytheclasseswe
offer,Smithsaid.
Itemsthatshouldbeinquotationmarksinclude:directquotations,shortpoems,
essays,articletitlesappearingwithinajournal,shortstorytitles,andwebpages.
Formoreinformation,refertothemostrecentversionof TheChicagoManualof
Style.
Also,whenediting,checkforsmartquotes.Whendocumentsaretransferred
fromemailorHTMLfiles,sometimesquotationmarksappearlike"this."Just
retypethequotationmarkstoreformat.
Ratio(:) :Spelloutaratiodescriptioninsteadofusingtheratiosymbolwhenreferencing
itinasentence.Example: se14:1onlistslike
Thestudenttofacultyratiois14to1.U
thefactsheetorUndergraduateAdmissionsnumbershighlights.
Semicolon() :

Useasemicolonwhenseparatingitemswithinaseriesthathave
commas: TheinvitationlistincludedJaneSmith,professorofEnglishJohnDoe,deanof
theGraduateSchoolofTheologyandJohnJones,notedattorney. Thefollowingwords
shouldbeprecededbyasemicolonwhenusedbetweenclausesofacompound
sentence: then,however,thus,hence,indeed,yet,so.

ReligiousTerminology

Antichrist,AntiChrist
20
AntichrististhepropernamefortheindividualtheBiblesayswillchallengeJesusChrist.
AntiChristisanadjectiveapplyingtosomeoneorsomethingopposedtoChrist.

Bible,Biblical
CapitalizeBibleinallreferencestotheOldandNewTestamentwritings,butlowercasebiblical.
(SeealsoScripture(s),scriptural.)

BibleReferences
Matthew6:33.
Wherepossible,usewholewords: Cardinalnumbersareusedinbooknames:
1
Timothy2Kings.

Chapel
DonotcapitalizewhenreferringtoAPUsthriceweeklychapelprogram,butcapitalizewhen
referencingformalchapelnamessuchasKaleoChapel,LiturgicalChapel,EveningPrayers
Chapel.

Deity
GodtheFather,Son,andHolySpirit.
Uppercasereferencestodeity: Alsouppercasedirect
pronouns:
WhatdidJesusChristmeanwhenHesaid,ComeuntoMe,allwhoareweak?
Otherexamplesinclude:
WordofGod,BodyofChrist,Him,His.

Divine,Divinity
CapitalizeonlywhenusedindirectreferencetoGod,JesusChrist,ortheHolySpirit,orwhen
usedaspartofapropernoun:
TheDivinityofChristwasnotinquestion.Thechocolatemousse
wasdivine.

GodHonoring,Godly
CapitalizetheginGodhonoringbutlowercaseallusesofgodly:
APUstrivesforGodhonoring
excellence.Thatstaffmemberconductshimselfinagodlymanner.

Gospel
Capitalizeingeneralreference,andwhenreferringtothebooksoftheBible.Donotcapitalizein
referencetothemusicgenre:
ShewantedtosharetheGospel.ThetopicwastheGospelof
John.Heenjoysgospelmusic.

JesusChrist
AlwaysuseHisfullnameinfirstreferences.UseChristbyitselfonlyinsubsequentreferences.
CapitalizethenamesofmajoreventsinthelifeofJesusChristinreferencesthatdonotuseHis
name:ThedoctrinesoftheLastSupper,theCrucifixion,theResurrection,andtheAscension .

21
Lord,L
ORD
WhenquotingtheBible,paycarefulattentiontothewordlord.WhenreferringtoGodinthe
OldTestament,use LORDwhenreferringtoJesusintheNewTestament,useLordandwhen
referringtoaruler,uselord.

MinistersandPriests
Reverend
Use beforeanameonfirstreferenceifitisprecededbythe.Inalist,use
Rev.
JohnSmith.SubstituteMonsignorbeforethenameofaRomanCatholicpriestwhohas
receivedthishonor.Donotroutinelyusewordslikefatherorpastorbeforeanindividuals
name.Iftheyappearbeforeanameinaquotation,capitalizethem.

Nuns
AlwaysuseSisterorMotherifapplicablebeforeaname:
MotherTeresa.

OldTestament/NewTestament
Botharealwayscapitalized,butnotitalicized.

Reverend
Inmanycases,theRev.isthedesignationthatappliesbeforeanameonfirstreference.On
secondreferencetomembersoftheclergy,useonlyalastnameifhe/sheusesasurname: the
Rev.BillyGraham ,Graham
onfirstreference onsecond .

Scripture(s),Scriptural
CapitalizeScripture(s)inallreferencestotheOldandNewTestamentwritings,butlowercase
scriptural.(SeealsoBible,biblical.)

UsageofA.D.andB.C.
TherulesforA.D.(annoDomini,yearofourLord)andB.C.(beforeChrist)arenotthesame.
TheruleforA.D.:BecausethefullphraseshouldreadintheyearofourLord1998,the
abbreviationgoesbeforethefigurefortheyear:A.D.1998.

TheruleforB.C.:Theoppositeof
theA.D.ruleistrue.Becausethefullphraseshouldreadintheyear200beforeChrist,the
abbreviationgoesafterthefigurefortheyear:
200B.C.

WordofGod
CapitalizeasshownwhenreferringtotheBible.

Style/Tone
Ingeneral,thestyle/toneofthecopyshouldmatchtheintentionsofthepiece,aswellasthe
overarchingbrandoftheuniversity.Thegoalistoproduceaccurate,consistent,andconcise
communicationthatcapturesthereadersinterestorinformshim/herappropriately.

22

PleaserefertotheAzusaPacificUniversityBrandBook(BrickBook)providedbyUniversity
Relationsforanoverviewofthebrandelementsandbrandpersonality,whichhelpcreatea
consistentidentityacrossalluniversitycommunicationsandmaterials:

BrandElements
Christcentered
Comprehensive,RelevantScholarship
MeaningfulAccesstoTransformationalEducation
Welcoming,GenerousCommunity
SelflessService

BrandPersonality
True,Meaningful,Distinctive
Sophistication
RelevanceandRigor
Aspirational/Inspirational

Formal/Academic
Mostcontentfortheuniversityrequiresacollegiatelevelofformalitywithstrictadherencetothis
TheChicagoManualofStyle.
guideand Asanacademicinstitution,APUmustuphold
standardsofgrammaticalaccuracy,clearsentencestructures,anddetaileddescriptions.Form
andmodeshouldcommunicatescholasticprecisionandcare.

Informal/Conversational
Insomecontexts,amoreconversationalapproachisappropriate,particularlycontentintended
specificallyforanundergraduateaudience.Someofourotherpublications(e.g., APULife,
UndergraduateAdmissionsmaterials)aremovingtowardamoreinformalstyleinorderto
presenttherelational,familialsideoftheuniversity.Thistoneshouldmaintainpropergrammar
andspellingbutmaybendformalrulesforthesakeofamorecolloquialdelivery.

PassiveVoice
Passivevoicetendstomakelanguagesounduncertainandlessconvincing.Trytochange
passivestatementstoactiveones.Passivevoiceincludesusingaversionoftobeinsteadofa
specificverb.Passive:ItisthroughthisessaythatthesymbolisminHamletwillbeexamined.
Active:
ThisessaywillexaminethesymbolisminHamlet.P assive: Studentsarecapableofalot
inanurturinglearningenvironment. Active:
Studentsexcelinanurturinglearningenvironment.
(Helpfulresource:writingcenter.unc.edu/handouts/passivevoice/ )

Internet
BecausetheAPUwebsiteencompassesbothformalandinformalcontent,andservesavery
broadaudiencebase,appropriatestyle/toneshouldbedeterminedonacasebycasebasis.
23
Expectationsforconsistencyandprecisiontendtobelessrigidbecauseofthevolumeofcopy
onlinegeneratedfrommultipleconstituents.Thatsaid,stylisticrulesfromthisguideand
The
ChicagoManualofStyle arestillapplicableandshouldbeusedwheneverpossible,even
retroactivelywhenappropriate.Writers/editorsmustrememberthatthewebsiteisoneofAPUs
primaryvenuesformasscommunication.Thus,theimageweconveyvisuallyandverballyis
essentialforproperlybrandingtheuniversityasasoundacademicinstitutionandhonoringits
missionandpurpose.

UsageofWebsiteAddresses/URLs
InJune2013,webegantomoveawayfromusingfullURLswiththewww,andinsteadare
onlyusingURLswithouthttp://ANDwwwforbothapu.eduandexternalsites.Forexample,
Visitapu.edu/orientationtolearnmore.

Http://orwwwarenotneededunlesstheURLwillnotfunctionwithoutit.Alwaysdouble
checklinkstoensuretheywork.(Note:URLsundertheapu.edusiteDONOTneedhttp://or
www.) Exception: ForURLstohyperlinkwithinPDFs,thewwwmustbeincluded.

IftheURLisanextendeddirectory(i.e.,apu.edu/athletics/)ratherthanabasesite(apu.edu),
andisfollowedbyapunctuationmark,addafinalslashattheend.However,donotincludea
slashafteraPDFfilename.Examples: Formoreinformation,pleasevisit
apu.edu/admissions/undergraduate/.Logontohome.apu.edutoviewyourstudentaccount
information.Youcanfindourstyleguideat
apu.edu/universityrelations/downloads/Editorial_Style_Guide.pdf.

Inonline/webbasedcopy,avoidwritingoutURLswhenpossible.Instead,chooseawordset
thatcanfunctionasthehyperlink.Example: Tobegintheauditionprocess,pleasecompletean
application xception
nolaterthanJanuary10.E :Emailaddressesshouldalwaysbewrittenout
andhyperlinked: Shouldyouhaveanyquestions,pleaseemailu niversityrelations@apu.edu.

Also,avoidphrasessuchasclickhereandinsteadhyperlinkkeyphrasestohelpimprove
searchengineoptimization(SEO).Example: Viewthe
Orientationvideo.

NOT Viewthe
Orientationvideo here.

MediaTitles
Generally,useitalicswhenreferringtobooktitles,movietitles,playtitles,songtitles,and
televisionprogramtitles.Articles,speechtitles,conferencetitles,worksofart,sermontitles,and
lecturetitlesshouldbeputinquotationmarks.Examples:Ijustreadthelatest U.S.News&
WorldReport .HechosetowatchNightline.
RodinssculptureTheThinkerisondisplay.
Whereitalicsarenotavailable,underliningisacceptable.Note :ThePrincetonReviewisthe
nameofanorganizationandnotapublication.Itisnotitalicized.

24
SpecialWordUsage

Alumni
Alumniareidentifiedbytheyearinwhichtheygraduated,contractedbyanapostrophe: Jim
Smith76.Ifastudentenrolledbutdidnotgraduate,he/sheissimplyidentifiedasaformerAPU
student.
Analumnaisawomanwhohasattendedorgraduatedfromaschool.
Analumnusisamanwhohasattendedorgraduatedfromaschool.
Alumisacceptablewhenthesingularformisnecessarybutthegenderisunknown.
Alumnaeisthepluralformforwomenwhohavegraduatedfromaschoolandalumniis
pluralformenorbothgenderstogether.

America
UseUnitedStatesinsteadofAmericawhereapplicable.AmericaismorethanjusttheUnited
StatesNorth,Central,andSouthAmericaaremadeupofanumberofcountries.

BachelorsCompletion
AzusaPacificsbachelorscompletionprogramsaredesignedforstudentswhobegantheir
studiesatanotherhighereducationinstitutionandwouldliketotransfertoAPUtofinishtheir
degree.Theminimumnumberofunitsrequiredtotransfervariesbyprogram,andinorderto
graduate,studentsmustcompletetherequiredprogramunitsandGeneralEducationunitsfora
totalof120units.TheGraduateandProfessionalCenteristheenrollmentteamthatoversees
theseprograms,withtheprogramsthemselveshousedwithintherelevantacademicarea,i.e.
theCollegeofLiberalArtsandSciencesorSchoolofNursing.Thetermbachelorscompletion
ispreferableoverdegreecompletionortransferprogram,todistinguishfromtraditional
undergraduateofferings.

Comprise
Theuseofcomprisedofisnotonlypassivevoice,itisalsoafaultyconstruction.Comprise
meansinclude.HaydnsPianoSonataNo.6comprisesfourmovements. Note:Theuseof
composedofisanacceptablesubstitute,butnotethatitispassivevoiceandshouldbe
avoidedifpossible:
HaydnsPianoSonataNo.6iscomposedoffourmovements.

Coursework
Spelledasonewordinallinstances.

Curriculum,Curricula
Usecurriculumwhenreferringtoasingleeducationalprogram.Curriculaisthepluralform.The
sameruleappliestootherLatinnounsofthistype:
datum,data,etc.
25

CurriculumVitae
Thesingularandpluralarethesame.

E.g.orI.e.
Thelatterisusedtomeaninotherwordsande.g.meansforexample.

Email,Ebook,Eblast
Useasshowninbothtextandaddresslistings.Nohyphenisneeded.

Emeritus
Addedtoformaltitles,emeritusdenotesindividualswhohaveretiredandretaintheirrankor
title:
ProfessorEmeritusJohnDoeor
JohnDoe,professoremeritusofhistory.

Emeritiisthepluralform.
Emeritaisusedwhenreferringtoawoman.

Entitle,Title
Entitlemeanstogivetitletotitlemeanstoprovideatitlefororcallbyatitle:
Theauthorentitled
thebooklastweek.Thebook,titled Walden ,ishere.

FacultyAwards
EachyeartheOfficeoftheProvostpresentsseveralawardstofacultymembers.Theseawards
aretheChaseA.SawtellInspirationalFacultyAward,theTeachingExcellenceandCampus
LeadershipAward,theScholarlyAchievementAward,theAliceV.Watkins ImagoDei
Ethos
Award,theServiceLearningCornerstonesAward,andtheUniversityLeadershipAward.

Fractions
Hyphenatewhenusedinwritingfractions:
onehalf,onethird.

FromAPU
StudentsearntheirdegreefromAPU.UseatAPUonlyifthecontextreferstoanoncampus
program.DonotusewithAPU.

Handicapped,Disabled
Handicapshouldbeavoidedindescribingadisability.Disabledisageneraltermusedfora
physicalorcognitiveconditionthatsubstantiallylimitsoneormoreofthemajordailylife
activities.

HealthCare
PertheSchoolofNursingsrequestandaccordingtonursingindustrytrends,healthcare

26
shouldbewrittenastwowordsratherthanone,regardlessofitsfunctioninthesentence.No
hyphenisnecessary.

IDCard
ReferstoAPUstudentidentificationcard.CapitalizeID,withnoperiodsorspaces.Donot
capitalizecard.Faculty/staffcardisnotcapped.

InitialsasaName
Whenapersonusestwoormoreinitialsandalastname,nospaceisneededbetweenthe
C.P.Haggard,J.R.R.Tolkien.
initials: Pleasenotethatthisisincontrastto
TheChicagoManual
ofStyle .Whenapersonuseshis/herinitialsasafirstnameandlastname,noperiodsandno
spacesshouldbeused: JFK,LBJ.

Like,Suchas
Notinterchangeable.Theprepositionlikeimpliesthatwhatfollowsisnotnecessarilythesame:
StudentsshouldreadbooksbygreatauthorslikeF.ScottFitzgerald. Thisimpliesthatstudents
donotnecessarilyneedtoreadbooksbyFitzgerald,butbyauthorsofthesamestature.The
prepositionalphrasesuchasdenotesamoredirectrelationship:Studentsshouldreadbooks
bygreatauthorssuchasF.ScottFitzgerald.
Inthisusage,Fitzgeraldisdefinitelyincludedon
thelist.

MetroGoldLine
AzusaPacificUniversityisnowaccessibleviatheMetroGoldLine.Itisacceptabletoreferto
theMetroGoldLineorsimplytheGoldLinewhentalkingabouttheextensionofthelightrail
servicethatnowstretchesfromDowntownLosAngelestoAzusa.Thestationservingour
campusistheAPU/CitrusCollegeStation,locatedonCitrusAvenuewithinwalkingdistanceof
APUsEastandWestcampuses.Thereisanotherstop,theAzusaDowntownStation,withinthe
cityofAzusa.

Months
Whenamonthisusedwithaspecificdate,abbreviateonlyJan.,Feb.,Aug.,Sept.,Oct.,Nov.,
andDec.Spelloutwhenusingaloneorwithayearalone.Informalpublications,refrainfrom
abbreviatinganymonths.

MusicalNotesandKeys
Formusicalnotesandkeys,useromancaps.Forclarity,usethewordsmajorandminorwith
theletterswhennamingkeys.OneofMozartsbestknownsymphoniesisinGminormiddleC
keyofGmajortheDtriad.
Aspartofapiecetitle,makesuretocapitalizemajorandminor:
CantatainAMajorSonatainEMinor.

Nicknames
27
Useinplaceofapersonsgivennameonlyifitisthewaythepersonpreferstobeknown:
JimmyCarter. Whenanicknameisinsertedintotheidentificationofanindividual,usequotation
marks :JimmyScoopOlsen.Insportsstories,commonlyusednicknamesmaybesubstituted
forafirstnamewithoutquotationmarks:AirJordan,BubbaSmith. Butinsportsstorieswhere
thegivennameisusedandinallnewsstories: EarvinMagicJohnson.

OncampusandOffcampus
Hyphenateonlywhenfunctioningasanadjectiveinfrontofanoun:
EngstromHallisan
oncampusresidencehall.Thebaseballgametakesplaceoffcampus.

Online
Onewordwhenreferringtotheinternet.Nohyphenneeded.

Overvs.MoreThan
Overtypicallyreferstoabove,upon,orduringmorethanindicatesgreaterinamountor
degree,oradditionalorfurther.
ThebicyclistrodeoverthebridgeAPUoffersmorethan60
areasofundergraduatestudy.

ParentsAssociation
ThepropernameisAzusaPacificUniversityParentsAssociation.Notetheapostropheafterthe
sinParents.

ServiceLearning
Onlyhyphenatewhenusedasanadjectivebeforethenounorwhenpartofanofficialtitle:
servicelearningprojectCenterforAcademicServiceLearningandResearch.

StateNames
Followtheseguidelines:Statenamesarealwaysspelledoutunlessinlistform.Ifprecededbya
Californiacityorawellknowncity,thestatenamecanbeomitted: Oceanside,Merced,San
Diego,NewYorkCity,Dallas .Stateabbreviationsarelistedbelow(onlyuseforpostalcodes):
Alabama(AL),Alaska(AK),Arizona(AZ),Arkansas(AR),California(CA),Colorado(CO),
Connecticut(CT),Delaware(DE),Florida(FL),Georgia(GA),Hawaii(HI),Idaho(ID),Illinois
(IL),Indiana(IN),Iowa(IA),Kansas(KS),Kentucky(KY),Louisiana(LA),Maine(ME),Maryland
(MD),Massachusetts(MA),Michigan(MI),Minnesota(MN),Mississippi(MS),Missouri(MO),
Montana(MT),Nebraska(NE),Nevada(NV),NewHampshire(NH),NewJersey(NJ),New
Mexico(NM),NewYork(NY),NorthCarolina(NC),NorthDakota(ND),Ohio(OH),Oklahoma
(OK),Oregon(OR),Pennsylvania(PA),RhodeIsland(RI),SouthCarolina(SC),SouthDakota
(SD),Tennessee(TN),Texas(TX),Utah(UT),Vermont(VT),Virginia(VA),Washington(WA),
WestVirginia(WV),Wisconsin(WI),andWyoming(WY).

Note: Publicrelationsmaterials,suchasnewsreleasesandmediaalerts,useAssociatedPress

28
abbreviationsintext(suchasCalif.).Inallothermaterials,thestateshouldbespelledout
unlessinanaddress.

That,Which
Thatintroducesaclausecrucialtothereadersunderstanding: Thecarthatisredisinthe
parkinglot.Here,therestrictiveclausethatisrediscrucialtothereadersunderstanding
theremaybemanyothercarsintheparkinglot.Whichintroducesaclausethatisnotcrucial
tothereadersunderstanding.Forexample,ifonlyonecarwasintheparkinglot,thesentence
wouldread: henonrestrictiveclausewhichisredis
Thecar,whichisred,isintheparkinglot.T
notcrucialtothereadersunderstanding. Exception: Ifusingthewordthatwouldproducetwo
thatsinarow,youmaysubstitutethewordwhich: Thatwhichisgood.

Transferable
Onerispreferabletotransferrable.

UnitedStatesofAmerica
UseperiodsinU.S.however,periodsarenotnecessaryinUSA.

URL
ThisistheabbreviationforUniversalResourceLocator,acomputerprotocolusedtolocate
addressesontheweb.URLisappropriatetouseonfirstreferencebutonlyforaninformed
audience.ForreadersnotfamiliarwithWebterminology,considerusingwebsiteaddress.

VicePresident/Provostfor...
Itisnevervicepresidentof,butvicepresident
for ViceProvost
: for
AcademicAffairs,Vice
President for
EnrollmentManagement.

WorldWideWeb
AlternatespellingsincludeWorldwidewebandWorldWideWeb,butarenotusedatAPU.Use
thewebsparingly,substitutingtheinternetwhenapplicable(theinternetandthewebare
lowercaseinalluses).Avoidoutdatedphrasesandtermssuchassurfingthenetandcyber
aswell.

Titles
TheChicagoManualofStyle
(Referto8.2135in forfurtherclarity.)

Cardinals,Archbishops,Bishops
Usethesetitlesbeforetheindividualsname:
HisEminence,TimothyCardinalDolan,was
namedarchbishopofNewYork,orcardinaluponsecondreference .
ArchbishopJosH.Gomez
ortheMostRev.JosH.Gomez.

29

CourtesyTitles
Courtesytitlesaretypicallyreservedonlyforuseinmailings,notstories/articlesorinonline
content.Insecondreferences,courtesytitlessuchasMr.,Mrs.,Miss,andMs.arenottobe
used.Useonlythelastnameinsecond(andsubsequent)references.

Dean,Director,etc.
DeanJohnSmith
Capitalizewhenusedasaformaltitlebeforeaname: lowercaseinother
uses:
JohnSmith,Ph.D.,deanofstudents,willspeakinchapel.

Dr.
Thosewhohaveanearnedorhonorarydoctorateshouldbereferredtoasindividualswitha
Ph.D.,DBA,Ed.D.,D.Min.,LHD,etc.: LauraC.Lastname,title,onfirstreference,andLastname
inlaterreferences.Itisredundanttorefertosomeoneas,forexample, Dr.MichaelLastname,
Ph.D.Use MichaelLastname,Ph.D.
IfthepersonhasearnedanMD,itisacceptabletorefertotheindividualas Dr.
Lastname.Onsecondreference,useonlythelastnameoftheindividual.

President
CapitalizeonlyasaformaltitlebeforethenameofAPUspresident,butuselowercaseinall
PresidentWallacethepresidentsaidtoday.
otheruses: Onsecondreference,useonlythelast
name.

ProfessionalTitles
TheChicagoManualofStyle
(referto8.2135in forfurtherclarity)
Titlesarecapitalizedonlywhentheyimmediatelyprecedeapersonalnameandarethusused
aspartofthename,inessence.Titlesshouldbelowercasedwhenfollowinganameorusedin
placeofaname: DirectorofHumanResourcesJaneDoeJaneDoe,directorofhuman
resourcesJaneDoe,director,OfficeofHumanResourcesthedirectorofhumanresources.
Exception :NamesandtitlesdisplayedinlistformatsuchasonaMeettheStaffwebpageor
onanAcademicCabinetlistinanannualreport:
JaneDoe
DirectorofHumanResources

Professor
Neverabbreviate.Capitalizewhenusedasaformaltitlebeforeafullname:
ProfessorTom
Smith.
Lowercaseelsewhere: JohnSmithisanassistantprofessorintheSchoolofMusic.

ProgramTitles
TheChicagoManualofStyle
(seealsoAcademicDegreesreferto8.32in forfurtherclarity)
Whentheofficialnameofadegreeoritsformalabbreviationisused,thesubjectofthedegree
30
mustbecapitalized.Whenreferringtoamastersdegreeinthesubjectneednotbe
capitalized.Forexample:M.A.inHistory,mastersdegreeinhistory,andMasterofArtsin
Historyprogram.Whenidentifyingprograms,bespecific: adegreeprogram(asintheabove
example)acertificateprogram(CertificateinTESOLprogram)oracredentialprogram
(PreliminaryAdministrativeServicesCredentialprogram) .Also,pleaseavoidusingtheterms
associatesorbachelorsormasterswithouttheworddegreefollowingit.Example:APU
offersXXmastersdegrees. NOTAPUoffersXXmasters.
Note:Thewordprogramisnotcapitalized.

ResidenceDirector/ResidentAdvisor
RDandRAareacceptableonsecondreference.

TitlesofGroups
Onfirstreference,usethefullnameofthegroup,department,etc.,andcapitalizeallwords
exceptprepositions.Onsubsequentreference,whenonlyapartialnameisused,uppercase
designatedarea,butnotgenericoffice:TheSchoolofBusinessandManagementpreparedthis
manual.Theschoolalsooffersbachelorsandmastersdegreeprogramsinbusiness.

APUReferenceInformationandResources
CampusLocations,Addresses,andPhoneNumbers

ReferencingAzusaPacificUniversity
AzusaPacificUniversitymustbewrittenoutcompletelyinfirstreferencesandindesign
elements,includingwhencombiningtheuniversitynamewithschool,department,andoffice
names.Forexample, AzusaPacificUniversitySchoolofTheology, NOTAzusaPacificSchoolof
Theology.Secondreferencesmaybeabbreviated,suchas APUsSchoolofTheologyor
Azusa
PacificsDepartmentofCommunicationStudies.

NOTE:Whencreating socialmediaaccounts onbehalfofAzusaPacificschools,departments,

etc.,pleaseadheretothenamingguidelinespresentedintheuniversityssocialmedia
standards,availableat
apu.edu/universityrelations/marketing/socialmedia/ .

NamingCriteria
Thefollowinginformationservesasadefinitiveguidefordepartments,offices,andfacilities
locatedonAzusaPacificsmaincampusandatregionalcampuses.Asageneralrule,most
areasaretitledOfficeoffornonacademicconstituents,Departmentofforacademicones,
Servicesforprovisionalareas,andCenterforforsupportorresearchservices.
TheOfficeofdesignationisappliedwhenthereisadirectorandauniquelocation.For
example,theOfficeofAuxiliaryServicesisanOfficeof,butDuplicatingServices,
HospitalityServices,MailServices,andWarehousingOperationsarenotbecausethey

31
 areunderthedirectionandthelocationoftheOfficeofAuxiliaryServices.Likewise,the
OfficeofUniversityAdvancementencompassesEstatePlanning,Development,and
EventPlanning.Exception:
BusinessOffice
CentersandinstitutesdenotebothfunctionandlocationanddonotrequireOfficeof.
Departmentofonlyappliestoacademicdepartments,withtheexceptionofthe
DepartmentofCampusSafetyandtheAthleticsDepartment.

Addresses
Forbrandingaddressesthataccompanyourlogo,usetheoffice/departmenttitlewiththe
appropriatephysicaladdressonly: OfficeofChapelPrograms,901E.AlostaAve.Schoolof
Nursing,701E.FoothillBlvd.
Forpiecesthatwillbemailedorrequiremailcorrespondence,use
theP.O.Boxaddressonly.Exception :CopyfortheInternationalCenteranditsofficesmust
includeboth901E.AlostaAve.andP.O.Box7000forinternationalpostalpurposes.

Format :
[Specificoffice/roomname]
[Building],[Roomnumber],[Campus]or[Regionalcampusname]
AzusaPacificUniversity
[Streetaddress]
Defaulttotheabbreviatedversion(E.,W.,Blvd.,Ave.)unlessthesituationcallsformore
formality,suchasletterheadorinvitations,orifusedinacompletesentence.Complete
addressesliketheoneabovearetheexception.Theyarenecessaryforonlinecalendaritems
orpieceswhereareaderneedsspecificdirections.

AzusaPacificUniversitysAzusaCampus(mailingaddress) :
POBox7000
Azusa,CA917027000
Phone:(626)9693434
(800)8255278or(800)TALKAPU

UniversityCollege(formerlyAzusaPacificOnlineUniversity)
300N.LoneHillAve.,#200
SanDimas,CA91773
Phone:(855)2768669
Email:contact@uc.apu.edu

OtherphysicaladdressesthatcomprisetheAzusacampus :
EastCampus
AzusaPacificUniversity
901E.AlostaAve.
Azusa,CA91702

32
WestCampus
AzusaPacificUniversity
701E.FoothillBlvd.
Azusa,CA91702

AdministrationWest
AzusaPacificUniversity
568E.FoothillBlvd.
Azusa,CA91702

AlostaCenter
AzusaPacificUniversity
680E.AlostaAve.
Azusa,CA91702

CitrusEdge
511W.CitrusEdgeSt.
Glendora,CA91740

CommunityCounselingCenter(UniversityPromenade)
AzusaPacificUniversity
918E.AlostaAve.
Azusa,CA91702

FoothillCommunityChurch
777E.AlostaAve.,Bldg.D
Azusa,CA91702

GalileoFilmStudio(UniversityPromenade)
392N.CitrusAve.
Azusa,CA91702

MonroviaSite(Monroviaclassrooms)
606E.HuntingtonDr.
Monrovia,CA91016

NeighborhoodWellnessCenter
AzusaPacificUniversity
795N.DaltonAve.
Azusa,CA91702

EastandWestCampuses

33
TheAzusaPacificUniversityEastCampusandWestCampusarelocatedinthecityofAzusa,a
suburbintheSanGabrielValley,26milesnortheastofLosAngeles.
AzusaPacificUniversitys[orAPUs]EastCampus,
Firstmention: Secondmention:
East
Campus
AzusaPacificUniversitys[orAPUs]WestCampus
Firstmention: ,Secondmention:
WestCampus

RegionalCampuses
Lowercasewhenusedaloneuppercasewhenusedaspartofaspecificname: InlandEmpire
RegionalCampus. Usethefullnameonfirstmentionandpartialnameonsubsequent
mentions. Firstmention:AzusaPacificUniversitys[orAPUs]InlandEmpireRegionalCampus.
Secondmention:InlandEmpireRegionalCampus.
Note:Donotrefertoaregionalcampusas
acampuswithouttheregionaldescriptor. Phonenumbers: Useregionalcampuseslocal
phonenumbers(not800/877numbers)onads/flyers/printmaterials.

Tonote: APUsLosAngeleslocation,previouslyaregionalcenter,isformallycalledtheLos
AngelesRegionalSite.APUsMonroviaclassrooms,currentlyusedbytheSchoolofNursing,
areNOTaregionalcampus,campus,orbuilding.PleaserefertothemonlyastheMonrovia
classroomsorMonroviaSite,itsformaldesignation.ClassroomsinsideUniversityCollegesSan
DimaslocationandutilizedbyUCprogramsmaybereferredtoastheSanDimasclassrooms.

IncludingtheAzusacampus,APUconsistsofsevenconvenientSouthernCalifornialocations:

HighDesertRegionalCampus
AzusaPacificUniversity
15283PahuteSt.
Victorville,CA92395
Phone:(760)9521765,(760)9522965
(877)2473462
Fax:(760)9521734
Email:highdesert@apu.edu

InlandEmpireRegionalCampus
AzusaPacificUniversity
375W.HospitalityLane
SanBernardino,CA92408
Phone:(909)8889977
(800)9648807
Fax:(909)8888739
Email:inlandempire@apu.edu

LosAngelesRegionalSite

34
AzusaPacificUniversity
3580WilshireBlvd.,Ste.200
LosAngeles,CA90010
Phone:(213)2520962
(866)4919083
Fax:(213)3855891
Email:losangeles@apu.edu

OrangeCountyRegionalCampus
AzusaPacificUniversity
1915OrangewoodAve.,Ste.100
Orange,CA92868
Phone:(714)9350260
(800)2720111
Fax:(714)9350356
Email:orangecounty@apu.edu

SanDiegoRegionalCampus
AzusaPacificUniversity
5353MissionCenterRd.,Ste.300
SanDiego,CA92108
Phone:(619)7189655
(877)2108839
Fax:(619)7189659
Email:sandiego@apu.edu

MurrietaRegionalCampus
AzusaPacificUniversity
40508MurrietaHotSpringsRd.
Murrieta,CA92563
Phone:(951)3043400
(877)2108841
Fax:(951)3043388,(626)8152198
Email:murrieta@apu.edu

LocationDetails
Alwaysuseformalnamesonfirstreference.Usefiguresandcapitalizeroomandtheformal
buildingname
:TheBoardofTrusteeswillmeetat8a.m.onFridayinWildenHall,Room103.

ZIPCodes
Forbusinessreplymailings(BRCs),theusual917027000ZIPcodeisNOTused.Fora
standardsizemailing(usually#9or#10envelope),use917029982.Forapostcardsize

35
mailing,use917029959.

PhoneNumbers
Themainnumberis(626)9693434.Thetollfreenumberisusedforrecruiting,primarily
admissions: (800)8255278 .
Asoffall2009,wearemovingawayfromlistingTALKAPUasthetollfreenumber
becausesomemoderncellphonesdonotassociateletterswiththenumbersonthe
keypad.However,TALKAPUcanbeusedforradioortelevisionspots,oranywhere
elsethereisaneedforaneasytoremembernumber.
Forregionalcampuses,usethelocalphonenumbersforeachregionalcampus(not
800/877numbers)onalladsandprintmaterialssincethesetendtotargetlocal
residents.

Forwebsitesandprintpiecescreatedforaspecificoffice/department,usethatofficesphone
number.Thesecanbewrittenas: (626)8154519o r
(626)8156000,Ext.4519, dependingon
whetheritisadirectdialextension(seeDirectdialprefixesbelow).

Forpiecesspecifictoaninternalaudience,especiallyfacultyandstaff,justtheextensionmay
beused:Ext.4519(notx4519). Foracompletecampusphonelist,seetheAPUPhoneList
housedintheDirectoryFolderoftheCommunityFoldersonGoogleDrive.

Areacode :Theareacodeisalways(626).
Exception :Becauseparenthesesdenoteacountrycodeinmanypartsoftheworld,weshould
avoidtheminourphonenumberfortheInternationalCenter: +16268123055.

Directdialprefixes :
812appliestoall30XXextensions
815appliestotheseextensions:20XX,21XX,38XX,45XX,46XX,50XX,53XX,54XX
804appliestotheseextensions:25XX,26XX,27XX
387appliestoall57XXextensions
857appliestotheseextensions:22XX,24XX
Anyotherextensionnotrepresentedaboveisconsideredanondirectextensionandrequires
thecallertodial(626)8156000andthenentertheextension.

Colleges,Schools,Departments,andtheirPrograms
Forthemostuptodatelist,refertothecurrentUndergraduateCatalogandGraduateand
ProfessionalCatalogavailableat
apu.edu/provost/catalog/ .Becausesomeupdatesoccur
throughouttheyear,pleaseALWAYScrosscheckwhatislistedinthecatalogwithwhatislisted
onlineusingtheprogramfinderat
apu.edu/programs/ .Ifdiscrepanciesexist,pleasecheckwith
theapplicabledepartment.
Note :UniversityRelationsisNOTpermittedtoadvertise/publishacademicinformation(program
titles,admissionrequirements,coursedescriptions,unittotals,etc.)thatdoesnotalignwiththe

36
currentyearscatalog,unlessclearedbyappropriateparties.Theeditorialteamisresponsible
forensuringthatsuchinformationisconsistentwiththecatalog.Shouldaclientoncampus
wishtodepartfromwhatislistedincatalog,URand/orthatclientmustconsultwiththeOfficeof
CurricularSupportforapproval.

SpecialExceptionsbyCollege,School,orDepartment
CenterforAcademicServiceLearningandResearch(CASLR)
MakesurethatServiceLearningishyphenatedinthetitle.

CollegeHeadedandMightyProud(C.H.A.M.P.)
Useperiodsbetweenlettersoftheacronym.

DiningServices
Usethewordsdiningvenuesasopposedtoeaterieswhenreferringtooncampusfacilities.

MilitaryandVeteranEducationBenefits
MilitaryandVeteranOutreach
MilitaryandVeteranServices
Theseofficesareledbythegraduateandprofessionalenrollmentandstudentservicesteam,
underthedirectionofthevicepresidentforthatarea.TheOfficeof
MilitaryandVeteran
EducationBenefits (MVEB)helpsstudentsunderstandandutilizetheirVAeducationbenefits
throughtheSchoolCertifyingOfficial.TheofficeprocessesavarietyofVAeducationbenefits.
TheOfficeof MilitaryandVeteranOutreach (MVO)focusesonrecruitingandoutreachwithin
themilitaryandveterancommunity.Thisofficeistheliaisonandmainpointofcontactbetween
AzusaPacificUniversity,includingUniversityCollege,andallmilitaryinstallationsandVA
facilities.TheOfficeof
MilitaryandVeteranServices (MVS)servesastheprimarysupport
officeforbothprospectiveandcurrentlyenrolledmilitaryconnectedstudentstoensurethatall
studentstransitiontotheuniversitysuccessfullyandultimatelyachievetheiracademicgoal.

SchoolofEducation
Donothyphenatecredentialnames.Example: OT
SingleSubjectTeachingCredential.N
SingleSubjectTeachingCredential.

Also,aslashisusedinMild/ModerateandModerate/Severe.Example: Moderate/Severe
OT
DisabilitiesSpecialistPreliminaryCredential,N ModeratetoSevereDisabilitiesSpecialist
PreliminaryCredential.

SchoolofMusic
Formusicalnotesandkeys,useRomancaps.Forclarity,usethewordsmajorand

37
 minorwiththeletterswhennamingkeys. OneofMozartsbestknownsymphoniesisin
GminormiddleCkeyofGmajortheDtriad. Aspartofapiecetitle,makesureto
capitalizemajorandminor: CantatainAMajorSonatainEMinor
Includeamusiciansperformanceinstrument(alwayslowercased)precededbya
commawhenlistinghis/hername( e.g.,DavidBeatty,trombonePatriciaEdwards,
soprano )
CapitalizeallabbreviationssuchasOp.andNo.
Italicizeallforeignwordsandtitlesofallsymphonies,movements,opuses,numbers,
masses,etc.Examples: CantatasNo.51,MassinFMajor,PianoConcertoinDMinor,
Bach Woche,SoliDeoGloria

SchoolofNursing
Donotuseanyperiodsforanydegrees.Examples:
ThePhDinNursing.AjaLesh,PhD,RN,
deanoftheSchoolofNursing.

UniversityCollege
In2014,AzusaPacificOnlineUniversitychangedtoUniversityCollege,whichfallsunderthe
umbrellaofAzusaPacificUniversity.FirstreferencestoUniversityCollegeshouldincludethe
AzusaPacificUniversitynameaswell.Inparagraphform,use:AzusaPacificsUniversity
College.Whenusingthelogoandlogotype,thetitlesareseparatedbyakeyline.

StandardCopy

Disclaimers
Thefollowingdisclaimersshouldbeusedwithcarefulconsiderationoflegalimplicationsand
consistencyofmessaging.PleaseremembertoinvolveGeneralCounsel(MarkDickerson)
wheneverthereisnewdisclaimer/legallanguagetoconsiderordoubtaboutmakingchangesto
currentlanguage.
Catalog :Theinformationincludedinthiscatalogisaccurateasofthedateof
publication.AzusaPacificUniversityreservestherighttomakechangesofanykind
whenevernecessaryordesirablewithoutpriornotice.Additionalinformationmaybe
availableatapu.edu.Forclarificationregardingspecificinformation,pleasecontactthe
applicableofficeordepartment.
Printeddocument :Allcontentinthisdocumentisaccurateatthetimeofpublication.To
verifyinformationorpoliciesthataretimesensitiveorsubjecttochange,pleaseconsult
theappropriatedepartmentoroffice.
Academiccontentonline :ThisinformationiscurrentfortheXXXXXXacademicyear
however,AzusaPacificUniversityreservestherighttomakechangesofanykind
whenevernecessaryordesirablewithoutpriornotice.Additionalinformationmaybe
availableinthecurrent
AcademicCatalog .Forclarificationregardingspecific
information,please
contacttheapplicableofficeordepartment.

38
 Nondiscrimination :AzusaPacificUniversity,incompliancewithfederallawsand
regulations,doesnotdiscriminateonthebasisofrace,color,sex,age,disability,
nationalorigin,orstatusasaveteraninanyofitspolicies,practices,orprocedures.
Non
APUcontent :Thefollowingdocument[orwebsite,PDF,paragraph,etc.]is
publishedandmaintainedbyXXXXcompany[oruniversity,institution,organization,etc.]
andisusedwithpermissionhere.APUisnotresponsiblefortheinformationprovided.
Shouldyouhaveanyquestions,pleasecontactXXXXcompanydirectly.
Financial/costdisclaimer: PertherequestoftheGraduateandProfessionalCenter
andbasedonrecentresearch,wearenowincludingfinancialinformation(costperunit
andsometimesbasecost)ongraduateprogrammaterials.Thesematerialsshould
includeadisclaimerfortheyearthematerialisprinted,e.g.,Basecostsprovidedinthis
brochurearecurrentforthe201516academicyear.Visit apu.edu
forthelatest
information.

Note:AnymateriallistedinanAPUpublicationthatdoesnotbelongtoAPUshouldbe
properlycitedper
TheChicagoManualofStyleg uidelines.Insomecases,permissionto
reprintmayberequired.

UniversityDescriptions

ReferencingAzusaPacificUniversity
AzusaPacificUniversitymustbewrittenoutcompletelyinfirstreferencesandindesign
elements,includingwhencombiningtheuniversitynamewithschool,department,andoffice
names.Forexample,AzusaPacificUniversitySchoolofTheology, NOTAzusaPacificSchoolof
Theology.Secondreferencesmaybeabbreviated,suchas APUsSchoolofTheology or
Azusa
PacificsDepartmentofCommunicationStudies.

DescriptionStandards
Acceptableconcepts:
Adjectives:Comprehensive,Christian ,
Evangelical,nondenominational
APUisregionallyaccreditedbyWASC
Unacceptableconceptsorphrases:
Theuseofeitherliberalartsorprofessionalprogramsseparatelyasgeneral
descriptorsoftheuniversityortheundergraduateprograms
Coeducational
Interortransdenominational
APUisnationallyaccreditedbyWASC

PleaserefertotheAzusaPacificUniversityBrandBook(BrickBook)providedbyUniversity
Relationsforanoverviewofthebrandelementsandbrandpersonality,whichhelpcreatea
consistentidentityacrossalluniversitycommunicationsandmaterials:

39

BrandElements
ChristCentered
Comprehensive,RelevantScholarship
MeaningfulAccesstoTransformationalEducation
Welcoming,GenerousCommunity
SelflessService

BrandPersonality
True,Meaningful,Distinctive
Sophistication
RelevanceandRigor
Aspirational/Inspirational

BoilerPlate
Thefollowingboilerplateiscurrentforusein201516.Theboilerplateistypicallyupdatedin
October/Novemberwithnewnumberstobeusedforthefollowingyear.

AzusaPacificUniversityisanevangelical,Christianuniversitycommittedto GodFirst
and
excellenceinhighereducation.With71bachelorsdegrees,47mastersdegrees,18
certificates,14credentials,8doctoralprograms,and3associatesdegrees,theuniversityoffers
itsmorethan10,300studentsaqualityeducationoncampus,online,andatsixregional
locationsthroughoutSouthernCalifornia.

Motto
GodFirst GodFirstSince1899
isalwaysitalicized shouldusetitlecasewhenstandingalone
asadesignelementandshouldnotincludeaperiod.

Note:
TheuppercaseuseofSinceinthemottoisanintentionalexceptionto TheChicago
ManualofStylescapitalizationguidelinesforprepositions.Inthiselevatedusageaspartofthe
motto,thewordisessentialtothefullphraseandprovidesemphasisonAPUsfoundingyear.

Thephrase GodFirstSince1899s houldbeusedbelowthelogoonallprintadsandbillboards,

exceptforthoserelatedtoAzusaPacificSeminaryortheSchoolofTheology.

UniversityPhilosophiesandHistoricalInformation
ForinformationaboutAPUsCornerstones,faithstatement,missionstatement,essence
statement,history,etc.,pleasereferto
apu.edu/about/
.

AdditionalInformation
Keepinmindthatallcontentthatcomesacrossaneditorsdeskcanbeimproved.Whetheritis

40
agrammaticalorstylisticerror,astructureororganizationissue,oroutdated/inaccuratedata,
theUniversityRelationseditorialteamisresponsibleformakingthenecessaryadjustmentsto
positiontheuniversitywellviathewrittenword.Pleaseconsidercheckingallfacts,figures,
dates,requirements,data,numbers,etc.againstasecondarysourcesuchastheUniversity
FactSheet,theuniversitywebsite,theacademiccatalogs,orbycontactingadepartment/office
thatcanhelp.

Rememberthatthisguideisasupplementto TheChicagoManualofStyle,16thEdition, on
whichoureditorialstyleiscomprehensivelybased.Anythingthatrequiresclarityorisnotfound
inthisguidecanbelocatedinTheChicagoManualofStyle oronlineat
chicagomanualofstyle.org .

41