SYNOPSIS

MANAGEMENT THESIS

CAUSES AND REMEDIES OF ABSENTEEISM

@
SUMAN AUTO PARTS PVT. LTD.

MBA (2015 2017)

SUBMITTED TO : SUBMITTED BY :
Mr. Krishna Saraswat Princy Chauhan
(Academy Mentor) Roll no.-1515070021
CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVE
LITERATURE REVIEW
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
LIMITATION OF STUDY
INTRODUCTION TO ABSENTEEISM

Absenteeism has always been a problem for industrial establishments in India. The
problem of Absenteeism exists in every industrial establishment either government or
private. It disturbs production process, harms the goodwill of company and prevents it
from reaching the objectives.
Absenteeism means a situation when a person fails to report at work when he is schedule
to work. Due to its universality in organizations, it has become a subject of continuous
study and analysis. It is a common phenomenon among industries and it demands proper
curing efforts.
It is a high time to explore the ways of tacking the problem of absenteeism because the
competition is getting intensive and if we want to raise ourselves to world class
manufacturing, the manpower must be used effectively.
The business Olympiad is on process and various teams are ready to fight the
competition. So, n organization can be winner and achieve gold medal only by optimizing
its resources generally and manpower specially.
The basic principle of success exists in regularity and everything should be done just in
time. Fr achievement of this goal the presence of employees of in an organization
becomes most important and desirable.
There is a distinction between absenteeism and absence. The term absenteeism
means unauthorized absence while the term absence is something of which previous
intimation had been given. Absenteeism has been defined to mean the practice of
absenting oneself from duty, station or estate while Absence may be defined as failure
of a worker to report for work when he is scheduled to work. One is supposed to work
when work is available for him. While authorized absence is included, absence due to
strike, lock-out or lay-off is excluded.
The absence of a worker affects group efficiency. It interfere the schedule of work and
diminishes the work performance of whole group. Team spirit and uniformity among
efforts can be achieved only through participation of all workers. And for participation
the presence at work place is must. Higher morale creates attachments to work and
workplace. It improves productivity also.
Absenteeism creates financial losses to the employer because he has to pay overtime
wages or other incentives to the person substituting the absentee. The absentee is not paid
for his non-presence at workplace. It causes financial shortage and that consequently
causes labour unrest. So, the absenteeism is axis of many industrial problems.
AIMS & OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
To study the causes of absenteeism in the company.

To study the employees view points on absenteeism.

To study, whether absenteeism may affect the productivity.

To find out whether absenteeism affects the goodwill of the company.

To find out the remedies of absenteeism.

To find out the measure how to motivate workers to work properly.

LITERATURE REVIEW

Eleni Stavrou, Stelios Spiliotis, Chris Charalambous (May,2009) in their article Flexible
working arrangements in context: An empirical investigation through self-organizing
maps this is one of the first studies to utilize Kohonen's self-organizing maps on flexible
work arrangements (FWAs), employee turnover and absenteeism within different national
contexts and an array of organizational factors. While the majority of FWAs did not
reduce significantly employee turnover or absenteeism, country and industry were
significant contextual variables in FWA use: we deciphered six main country regions,
where service and manufacturing organizations were important to FWA preferences. We
found a curvilinear relationship between turnover and shift-work among manufacturing
firms regardless of country: turnover decreases at low levels and increases at high levels
of shift-work. We also found strong positive relationships between weekend work and
turnover among manufacturing firms regardless of country and firms in the region
comprising of Germany, Austria, Sweden, Finland, Denmark, Czech Republic and
Belgium. Finally, we found consistently high concentration of organizations with low
absenteeism throughout certain industries and countries: noteworthy are service
organizations in the Netherlands and manufacturing organizations in Australia. The
results demonstrate the contextuality of FWA use across countries and industries, and the
usefulness of SOMs for research within human resource management.

1 .European Journal of Operational Research. Amsterdam: May 1, 2010. Vol. 202, Iss. 3;
pg. 893
Gh R Ghassemi, Gh H Ahmadzadeh, A R Usefy (Dec 2009)in their article What Are the
Predictors of Work Impairment in Iranian Patients with Depressive Disorders The
purpose of this study is to estimate the predictors of working ability in depressed patients.
Two hundred and twenty-six patients with depression consecutively admitted on
outpatient basis from March 2003 to May 2006 were classified into working and non
working groups. Severity of depression was measured by the Beck Depression Inventory
and their occupational adjustment 2 months prior to the last episode was determined by
Occupational Adjustment Scale, a subscale of Social Adjustment Scale. The groups were
almost similar in terms of age, sex, education, and marital status. There were significant
differences between them in terms of family history of depression, episodes of
depression, history of suicide attempts, duration of illness and severity of depression
(P < 0.01). The working depressed group differed significantly from the impaired
depressed group in terms of work experience, job turnover, and overall occupational
adjustment (P < 0.01). History of suicide attempt, family history of depression, time lost,
severity of depression, pre-morbid occupational adjustment, age, and illness duration
emerged as the most important predictors, explaining 64% of the patients' working
ability. Our observations are on line with robust literature across the globe.

2. Community Mental Health Journal. New York: Dec 2009. Vol. 45, Iss. 6; pg. 453

Frank Kuzmits, Art Adams(June 2008) in their study Improving Employee Attendance
with No-fault Absenteeism examined that the impact of a no-fault absenteeism control
program was assessed in a large international chemical company. Because of excessive
incidental absenteeism experienced under the previous personnel policy, no-fault
absenteeism policies were implemented in 2007, and evaluated after a year's worth of
data had been collected. Absence measures included absenteeism occurrences (an
absence of any length), full-day absences, tardies and leaves early. Results showed that
all absence measures per employee, when compared to one years' absenteeism data prior
to the implementation of no-fault, declined significantly in the year following the
introduction of the program.

3. The Business Review, Cambridge. Hollywood: Dec 2009. Vol. 14, Iss. 1; pg. 280, 6
pgs
Peter Done. Professional Broking (Dec2008) in their abstract Checking up on sick
leave says that question on how to combat long-term absence is answered. There are a
few options open. When you suspect that a sickness is not genuine, you can consider
dismissing an employee for fraud although you will need to show that you have carried
out a proper investigation and have reasonable grounds for believing that their actions are
false. This can be difficult and costly, involving independent medical practitioners. If the
medical evidence supports that they will be incapable of work for the foreseeable future,
that no suitable alternative work is available and that you have a genuine need to replace
the employee on a permanent basis then you should be in a position to give notice of
termination on the grounds of capability.

4. Journal of Applied Psychology. Washington: Jul 2009. Vol. 94, Iss. 4; pg.

Jeff Casale (Sep 2008) in his study Employers face worker presenteeism says that
nearly half of US workers were absent from work at least once in the past six months, but
a trend of greater concern was the number of ill or otherwise distracted workers going to
work and not being able to perform up to expectations, according to a recent survey by
CIGNA Corp. The survey results highlight that stress that many American workers feel,
which not only affects their performance on the job, but over the long term can also affect
their mental health and overall sense of well-being.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Properly conducted study is a valuable tool for the top management in making
some decisions. Good study reduces the uncertainty. Effective research
methodology leads to good research.

Research methodology is a way to systematically achieve the objectives of the

study.

To know about the causes of absenteeism, the QUESTIONNAIRE, INTERVIEW

method has been used.

This questionnaire has 15 questions, which are aimed to achieve the objectives of
the study. All the questions are close ended with options.

For the purpose of analysis, various tables and charts were prepared with numbers
and percentages of the employees in different choices.

Along with primary data collected through questionnaire-interview, I also have

used secondary data, which include theory part.

The survey was conducted on sampling method. Efforts have been made to get
representing units. Various steps of a scientific research are as follows:-

Defining and Formulating problem

Collecting necessary information and data
Analysis and interpretation of data
Drawing conclusions

DESCRIPTION OF THE PROBLEM

Whenever we start any work, problems come into our way, but with our strength we
avoid and try to overcome these problems.
1. Data collection is not 100%.
2. Time constraint.
3. I cannot judge quantitatively employee satisfaction.
DATA COLLECTION TOOL

This includes the primary and secondary sources of Data collection.

Primary Data: - Data Collected from the employees through questionnaire.

Secondary Data: -Data collected from companys website

SAMPLE DESIGN
For collecting and appropriate information, 100 workers were interviewed. They were
given a questionnaire and asked about their opinion. The observation was done
personally. Representative sample will be such which will give a true and unbiased
picture of the population. Utmost care will be taken to make sure that there is
insignificant sampling error and the results of the sample study can be applied, in general,
for the universe with a reasonable level of confidence.

DATA ANALYSIS

Data analysis will be done using suitable statistical techniques and by using sampling
method etc. Data will be depicted in the form of tables, charts and graph.
LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

The time limit is also one of the major constraints in conducting study.

Biases may creep in the information given by the respondents.

Main root of this research study was questionnaire & interview, which has its own
limitations, for example we cant measure the reliability, enthusiasm dissonance
etc.

People did not have proper time to fulfill the question are.