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FIGURE 3 : Product design in CNC Milling screen (the position of cutting tool)
FIGURE 4 : Product design in CNC Milling screen (milling process running)
N4 G43 Z10.2 H1
N9 X12.835 Y21.25
After we design product in computer added design (CAD) as in figure 1, we transfer the
coding to the CNC machine. The product design will appear to the screen of CNC machine as in
figure 2. The red lines in figure 2 are representing the movement of cutting tool.
Based on figure 3, we can see that there have 2 color lines. The first color which is red is
representing the cutting tool move in fast motion. The second color which is yellow is
representing the cutting move in linear motion. The movement speed of cutting tool decreasing
from red line to yellow line. The offset of our product is 10cm. Below then 0cm in z-direction
means the cutting tool already cut the material.
In figure 4, we can see the bold at the number 5. It means that the number 5 is already
been cut by the cutting tool. The machine will move and cut by following the code produced in
CAD. Figure 5 representing the roughing process. After finish the roughing process, we proceed
to finishing process where we clean the scrap by using brush. And the final product is been
shown in figure 6.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, a basic NC program was designed for CNC milling and a product was
machined by using the CNC milling machine. We learned the principle of CNC machine. We
gained better understanding in the modes of operation of CNC machine. Meanwhile, we learnt
and understand the process of NC program by using CATIA software. Furthermore, the product
quality is observed during the lab session. Moreover, the uploading NC program in CAM and
work piece preparation and the machine setup are analyzed and understand during the lab
session. There are various types of modern CNC machines used in industrial. Different
preparatory (G codes) and miscellaneous function (M codes) is used in CNC part programming
for completing a successful CNC program. Specifically, CNC milling machine works with a
computer numerical control that writes and read G-code instructions to drive machine tool to
fabricate components with a proper material removal rate. G-codes are commands for CNC
machines to follow so that they can operate automatically without human control. Zero set up is
very important step to obtain an accurate geometry of the work piece. We also gain information
about the advantages and disadvantages of CNC machines and its application.
Lastly we able to understand and know all the steps that required in this CNC machine.
The finished product which is the design of 5M3A using a block of wood was done
successfully. From the experiment, we can conclude that the objective in this lab session and lab
report presentation has been successfully achieved.