Professional Documents
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1. The green frog (Lithobates clamitans clamitans) is found in many parts of the United
States. The table contains some information about this frog.
Why does the ability to lay 1,000 to 5,000 eggs increase the fitness of the species L.
clamitans clamitans?
A. It increases opportunities for offspring to compete for limited resources.
B. It increases the probability that some offspring will survive long enough to
reproduce.
C. It increases the probability that moving water will promote gene flow from one
population to another.
D. It increases the chance of the recombination of alleles, leading to genetic drift in the
population.
2. Bactrian camels, dromedaries, llamas, and alpacas are all members of the same
taxonomic family, Camelidae. Members of this family all have two toes, no hooves, true
canine teeth, and a split upper lip. The family Camelidae originated in North America. The
physical features of animals in this family and the familys geographical origin provide
evidence that all these animals
E.
F.
G. The adaptation that allows some of these animals to run fast would be an example of
natural selection if it helps them
A. survive and undergo mutations in their DNA
B. lower the mortality rates of the population
C. produce offspring that run at average speeds
D. reproduce and increase the frequency of their genes in the population
H.
4. The quiver tree grows in desert areas in southern Africa. In recent
decades average temperatures have been rising in southern Africa.
Scientists predict that this warming trend will continue. Quiver trees
in the hottest parts of their range near the equator are dying, but
quiver trees at high elevations or in parts of the range that are
farther from the equator are growing and reproducing.
I.
J. Which of these best explains what is happening to the quiver tree population in southern
Africa?
A. Individual quiver trees are unable to adjust to the rising temperatures, and only
those in cooler parts of the range will survive.
B. The quiver tree species is unable to survive rising temperatures throughout its
range. The species is likely to undergo rapid extinction.
C. Individual quiver trees can quickly adapt to rising temperatures. Individual trees will
change their method of seed dispersal in cooler parts of the range.
D. The quiver tree species will survive by producing offspring suited for warmer
temperatures.
K.
5. In 2010, scientists excavated a skull fossil that provides evidence of a newly discovered
species of big cat. Based on the evidence, scientists hypothesize that big cats branched
off from smaller wild cats about 6 million years ago. Which of these resources did the
scientists most likely rely on to form their hypothesis?
A. A food web showing feeding relationships of organisms where the fossil skull was
found
B. Population and migration data for small wild cats living in the ecosystem where the
skull was found
C. The fossil record and DNA comparisons of big cats and small cats
D. The historical record of interactions between different species of big cats
L.
M.
6. Five general characteristics of organisms in kingdoms Plantae or Fungi are listed in the
box.
N.
O. Which table correctly lists the characteristics of the organisms in the two kingdoms?
C.
A.
B. D.
E.
F. Based on the key, which of these best describes the leaves and cones of the longleaf pine?
A. Needle-like straight leaves that are mostly over 25 cm long and found in clusters of
three; no thorns on cones
B. Flattened and scale-like leaves that are mostly over 25 cm long; soft and leathery
cones
C. Needle-like straight leaves with a length of 25 cm that are mostly found in clusters
of five; thorny cones
D. Leaves with a length of 25 cm that are found in clusters of more than five; no thorns
on cones
G.
8. Scientists around the world use a standardized taxonomic system. Why would scientists
want to use a taxonomic system that is standardized?
A. In order to avoid confusion with the identification of organisms
B. Because Linnaeus established the system
C. So that Latin names can be applied for a practical purpose
D. In order to place organisms in different groups
H.
AI.
AJ. How can the pattern of change in the fossil record best be explained?
A. The mollusks were well adapted to their stable environment. A large, sudden change
occurred in their environment. After the change the mollusks with the bigger shells were
better adapted for the new environment.
B. The mollusks were well adapted to their stable environment. The mollusks hybridized with
a smaller species of mollusk. A new species of mollusk with a bigger shell resulted.
C. The mollusks were not well adapted to their environment. The length of the mollusks
shells changed gradually over time. The mollusks in the original population that had small
shells died over a period of many years.
D. The mollusks were well adapted to their environment. Humans introduced a new species
of mollusk that was not adapted to this environment. The introduced mollusk outcompeted
the native mollusk species.
AK.
16.The opossum, which is native to North America, and the kangaroo, which is native to
Australia, are marsupials. The fact that both these mammals
incubate their immature offspring in a pouch provides evidence that
they
AL. A belong to the same species
AM. B must range great distances to eat
AN. C have very similar skeletal structures
AO. D are descended from a common ancestor
AP.
AQ. Based on the observations of the student, which organisms most likely belong to the
taxonomic group for bacteria?
AR. A Organisms 1 and 2 C Organisms 1 and 4
AS. B Organisms 3 and 4 D Organisms 2 and 3
18.The Linnaean taxonomic system classifies organisms into divisions called taxa. If two
organisms belong to the same taxonomic group, they are related. Similarity at which of
these levels indicates the closest relationship?
AT. A Kingdom B Class C Order D Genus
AU.
19.Genome maps provide the DNA sequences of chromosomes. Some scientists have
compared the genome maps of a hedgehog and a sloth. What do these genome maps
allow the scientists to determine?
A. The color patterns of the offspring of each species
B. How much the size ranges of the two species differ
C. The methods of protein synthesis that each species uses
D. How closely related the two species are to each other
AV.
AZ. A Have a common system for the classification of locations containing fossils
BA. B Use a similar system to classify the impact of removing species from ecosystems
BB. C Have a common understanding in the classification of organisms
BC. D Understand how other scientists classify predatorprey relationships
BD.
22.The diagram shows a dichotomous key and a picture of a fruit.
BE.
BF.
BF.
BF.
BF.
BF.
BG. According to the key, the fruit comes from which species of tree?
BH. A Fraxinus Americana C Acer platanoides
BI. B Fraxinus nigra D Acer negundo
BJ.
BK.
23.Some organisms have genes that improve their ability to survive and reproduce. If the
genes also help their offspring survive and reproduce, then which of the following will most
likely increase?
E.
24.Arthropods are joint-legged animals. Spiders, crabs, pill bugs, centipedes, and millipedes
are examples of the many types of arthropods. Which of these arthropods are most closely
related?
J.
O.
P.
Q. Which characteristics will be used to complete the chart?
R.
S. T. U. V.
a c
W. X. Y. Z.
b d
AA.
AB.