Buttery Road Bridge Project

Construction Planning

Basic concept of planning

Construction planning is the very basic and fundamental part in determining the
success of a project. In order to achieve the goal of Buttery Road Bridge Project, the plan must
be established in the very early stage. The purpose of construction planning of Buttery Road
Bridge is none other than to unit all the thoughts from various experts, including geologists,
structural engineers, electrical engineers, mechanical engineers, computer sciences, and also
stakeholders and then generate a single vision in order to achieve the goal of this project. All
the stakeholders and experts must sit together and discuss about their designs and thoughts.
Those thoughts will be accepted and then those thoughts will be assessed collaboratively until
generating the final plan for this project.

Generally, there are four basic planning on this project, which can be seen on the diagram
below

Cost Safety

Time Quality
Planning

These four basic planning needs to be divided into smaller portion

1. Technology and construction method.

 Generally, this project is included to composite bridge structure which uses steel as the
beams and concrete as the slab. According to the place where the components of structure will
be produced, the construction method can be divided into two main categories which are in
situ and ex situ.

1.1. In situ

Components of structure which are built on site are categorised in this category.
According to the planning, the components are footing, Abutment, bearing slabs,
concrete slab, and overlay. The concrete will be supplied by batching plan from
another party as a ready mix as well as asphalt will be supplied by AMP (Asphalt
Mixing Plant)

1.2. Ex situ

For the components of the bridge which are built separately, produced in the factory,
are included in this category. The components are piles, plate girder beams, and metal
parapets. For the beams case, this project will use Plate girder beam. The welding will
be conducted on site before erection.

2. Defining work task (work breakdown structure)

Along with determining the construction method, the important thing to do is defining
the various works and split them into smaller activity. The reason is that the manager can
control the activities properly as per the planning. The quantity of every activity is different. It
depends on the importance of the activities and the difficulty of the activities itself. The crucial
thing how to split the activities is not to divide the activities into smallest portion. There are
some advantages of doing the work breakdown structure (WBS), which are:

a. Decrease the complexity of a big project

b. Scheduling and controlling

c. Cost estimation
 d. Cost budgeting

e. Risk management planning

f. Activity identification

g. Quality control

After defining the activities which will be carried out during the project, the next task
is to determine the predecessor activities and successor activities. In this section, we establish
the sequence of activities and put them in order, start from the beginning of the project until
the very last activity of this project which is finishing. The sequence of the project must be put
logically.
Finally, the next step is establishing the duration of each activity. Majority of managers
produce duration plan differently due to different background experience they have. The more
experience they have, the more accurate and precise the time planning will be.
Buttery Road Bridge Project will be divided into 10 divisions of work, and each
division comprises of some subdivisions. For each division will be monitored for quality
control by the site engineer They are orderly put as shown in Table 1 below:

Name of activity Initial Duration Predecessor

(days) activity
Division 1 Site Clearing
- Removing trees and clearing the work place. A 3 -
Division 2 Foundation work
- Production of pile and transporting to the site. B 1 A
- Driving piles into ground. C 2 B
- Setting the bars and formwork. D 3 C
- Concrete cast and curing. E 21 D
Division 3 Abutment work
- Installing the formwork, scaffolders, and the F 3 E
bars.
- Casting the concrete, remove the formwork and G 21 F
curing.
Division 4 Bearing pad installation
- Bearing slab casting. H 2 G
- Installing bearing pad. I 1 H
 Division 5 Beam welding and erection.
- Production of beams and transporting to the site. J 1 F
- Welding girders. K 2 J
- Erection. L 1 K, I
Division 6 Diaphragm installation
- Installing and bolting the steel profiles. M 3 L
Division 7 Precast deck plate transporting to the N 2 M
site and erection.
Division 8 Concrete slab work and parapet
installation.
- Installing the formwork, and the bars. O 6 N
- Casting the concrete, curing, and remove the P 21 O
formwork.
- Metal parapet installation. Q 2 P
Division 9 Over lay AC (Asphalt Cement). R 2 P
Division 10 Finishing.
- (lighting, pedestrian pavement, joint expansion S 4 Q, R
(asphaltic plug joint), and safety road utilities
installation).

Table 1. Division activity on Buttery Road Bridge Project

Temporary works

The activities on a project which are the works are limited to a certain period of time is
called temporary works. Having finished the works, they will not appear in the same project
again. Based on the division activity from Table 1, the temporary works are listed bellow:

1. Pile driving using hydraulic press driver

2. Formwork and scaffolder

3. Welding work

4. Crane crawler for beam erection.

One of methods that can be used for project planning is Activity on Arrow (AOA). It
gives description to the planner about relationship among the activities from the first activity
until the project finished. Moreover, it provides the solution how to accelerate the project time.
The diagram for this project shown at Figure 1 below.

Figure 1. The Activity on arrow of Buttery Road Bridge Project

From the diagram above, the CPM (Critical Path Method) is A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,L,M,N,O,P,Q,R,S.

The total time to finish this project is 94 working days (Monday to Friday). Due to a primary school nearby, The time construction
will be divided into two major period which are peak hour and off-peak time. This division time is made with the intention of
safety for students.

1. Off-peak hours (8.30 am to 9.00 am and 3.00pm to 3.30 pm)

 Time when student go to school and go home. This time either heavy construction or transporting material to the site should be
avoided.

2. Peak hours (outside off-peak hours)

Time when less student access nearby area. Heavy construction and material delivery can be done.
The information from the diagram above can be presented as the table below
Activity Early Early Late Late
Total Free
Duration Start Finish Start Finish
Float Float
i j Name (days) (ES) (EF) (LS) (LF)
(days) (days)
(days) (days) (days) (days)
1 2 A 3 0 0 3 3 0 0
2 3 B 1 3 3 4 4 0 0
3 4 C 2 4 4 6 6 0 0
4 5 D 3 6 6 9 9 0 0
5 6 E 21 9 9 30 30 0 0
6 7 F 3 30 30 33 33 0 0
7 8 G 21 33 33 54 54 0 0
8 9 H 2 54 54 56 56 0 0
9 11 I 1 56 56 57 57 0 0
7 10 J 1 33 33 34 55 21 0
10 11 K 2 34 55 57 57 21 21
11 12 L 1 57 57 58 58 0 0
12 13 M 3 58 58 61 61 0 0
13 14 N 2 61 61 63 63 0 0
14 15 O 6 63 63 69 69 0 0
15 16 P 21 69 69 90 90 0 0
16 17 Q 2 90 90 92 92 0 0
16 18 R 2 90 90 92 92 0 0
17 19 S 2 92 92 94 94 0 0

Table 2. Information from the diagram of activity on arrow.

From the table above, we have the information as follow

1. Activity J and K can be delayed for 21 days without affecting the total amount of time to
finish the project (total float).

2. Activity K can be delayed in 21 days without affecting the starting time of the next
activity and the total time to finish the project (free float).
 Buttery Road Bridge Project Organisation

(Project
Client manager)
representative
Mohammed

(Planning (Value
(Partnering (Risk manager)
manager) manager) (BIM manager)
manager) Maryam
Adriansyah Luiza Aisha Almajed
Abbas Sirjani Alhaddad
Siregar Fragomeni

Client and
Planning and Risk
Subcontractor value
construction management BIM team
and suppliers management
team team
team
 How to maximize the performance of team work

A project can run smoothly if people who are engaged in it has the same aim and goal.
Each individual in the team has a strength and weaknesses, and also they have different
experience along their career. Those weaknesses can be covered by other people in the team who
has expertise about it.
In a general project, the client and suppliers working together as a team. To ensure this
relationship working properly, there are some measures which need to be noted

1. Individual team member must be able to work collaboratively

2. Clear goal must be understood for every member
3. A Clear group contract and norms must be established before the project started
4. Each individual must strive to present the best work that he can do
5. Team performance needs to be assessed for better work

In construction project, there are a number of parties that work corresponding to their
expertise; for example, construction engineers, electrical engineers, manufacturing parties,
management engineers, and so forth. Each of those parties will form a chain; for example,
consultant planner, site consultant, contractor. Those parties will be addressed as a supply team
later on.
On the other hand, the client, the owner of the project, will form a chain also to ensure
that all the activities in the project run as their wish. These two teams need to be bridged to
accommodate the relationship between the two parties. The relationship between supply team
and client team can be seen in the figure bellow.