Simple Present Tense

Simple present tense adalah bentuk tense yang paling umum digunakan. Bentuk ini
biasanya digunakan untuk menunjukan fakta, kebiasaan, dan kejadian yang
terjadi pada saat ini.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Does he work
always, every,
Subject + He always He does not very hard in
never, normally,
Verb 1 works very work very the company?
often,
(present hard in the hard in the Yes, he does. /
sometimes,
form) company company. No, he
usually, seldom
doesnt.

Present Continuous Tense

Present continuous tense biasanya digunakan untuk membicarakan aksi yang

sedang berlangsung saat pembicaraan sedang berlangsung atau bisa juga
digunakan untuk rencana di masa depan.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Is he playing
Subject +
at the moment, Look! He is He is not computer
am/is/are +
just now, now, talking with playing games at the
Verb -ing
right now, his computer moment?
(continuous
Listen!, Look! classmates. games now. Yes, he is. /
form)
No, he isnt.

Present Perfect Tense

Present perfect tense menekankan pada hasil. Tense ini menunjukkan aksi yang
masih sedang berlangsung atau baru saja selesai.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Has he
Subject + completed the
has/have+ already, ever, He has He has not arrangement
Verb III just, never, not already been to for the coming
(past yet, so far, till finished his Australia so event up to
participle now, up to now homework. far. now?
form) Yes, he has. /
No, he hasnt.

Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Present perfect continuous tense digunakan untuk mengungkapkan aksi yang

telah selesai pada suatu titik dimasa lampau atau aksi telah dimulai
di masa lalu dan terus berlanjut sampai sekarang. Biasanya aksi tersebut ada
durasi waktu tertentu dan ada relevansinya dengan kondisi sekarang.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Subject + for the past 5 He has been He has not Has he been
HAS/HAVE + years, how long working here been playing the
BEEN + ?, the whole since 1996. speaking for computer
Verb -ing week, since the last 3 game all day?
(continuous xxxx hours. Yes, he has. /
form) No, he hasnt.

Simple Past Tense

Simple past tense digunakan untuk mengungkapkan suatu kejadian yang terjadi
di masa lampau.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

yesterday, 2
Last year, he Did he pay the
Subject + minutes ago, in He did not go
always bill yesterday?
Verb II (past 1996, last to school this
worked into Yes, he did. /
form) Thursday, this morning.
night. No, he didnt.
morning

Past Continuous Tense

Past continuous tense digunakan untuk mengungkapkan bahwa suatu aksi sedang
terjadi pada waktu tertentu di masa lampau. Biasanya ada dua kejadian di
masa lampau dan satu kejadian menginterupsi kejadian yang lain. Kejadian
yang sedang diinterupsi tersebut yang menggunakan past continuous tense.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Was he writing
the letter to
Subject + He was He was not
his parents
WAS/WERE when, while, as speaking doing his
when I was
+ Verb -ing long as, at this when I homework at
out last
(continuous time yesterday entered in this time
Tuesday?
form) room. yesterday.
Yes, he was. /
No, he wasnt.

Past Perfect Tense

Past perfect tense digunakan untuk menunjukkan sebuah kejadian yang terjadi
sebelum waktu tertentu di masa lampau dan lebih menekankan pada fakta
daripada durasi.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative NegativeQuestion

Had he
entered the
He had
Subject + before He had not company
finished his
HAD + Verb yesterday, till been a high before he
designs
III (past three days ago, school achieved his
before he
participle already, until student until master degree
went to work
form) that day last year. in 1990?
yesterday.
Yes, he had. /
No, he hadnt.

Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Past perfect continuous tense hampir serupa dengan past perfect tense. Digunakan
untuk mengungkapkan suatu aksi yang terjadi di masa lalu dan telah selesai
pada suatu titik waktu tertentu di masa lalu, tapi tense ini menekankan
pada durasi kejadiannya.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

 He was told Had he been
Subject +
that his speaking for
HAD + He said that
for, since, the teacher had the whole
BEEN + he had been
whole day, all been waiting class before I
Verb -ing working here
day for him since entered?
(continuous for ten years.
2 p.m Yes, he had. /
form)
yesterday. No, he hadnt.

Simple Future Tense

Simple Future tense mengindikasikan suatu aksi di masa yang akan datang dan
tidak dapat dipengaruhi. Dapat juga digunakan untuk pembuatan keputusan di
masa depan yang spontan atau asumsi yang berhubungan dengan masa yang akan
datang. Will dan be going to merupakan 2 indikator umum pada tenses ini.

Pattern Signal Words AffirmativeNegative Question

He will not
play Will he go to
Subject +
He is going to computer the cinema
WILL/ BE in a year, next
be journalist games tomorrow with
GOING TO , tomorrow,
after he anymore us?
+ Verb next week, five
graduate next because he Yes, he will. /
(present days later
year. understand No, he will
form)
how harmful not.
they are.

Future Continuous Tense

Future continuous tense menunjukkan aksi yang terjadi pada waktu tertentu di
masa yang akan datang dan aksi yang pasti akan terjadi dalam waktu
dekat.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Will he be
Subject + He will be He will not
playing
WILL/BE delivering the be doing the
football next
GOING TO tomorrow speech to task in the
morning in the
+ BE + morning, in one undergraduat office this
playground?
Verb year es at 3 p.m afternoon
Yes, he
(continuous tomorrow because he
will./ No, he
form) afternoon. is sick.
will not.

Future Perfect Tense

Future perfect tense menekankan pada aksi yang akan berakhir pada waktu
tertentu di masa yang akan datang.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Subject + He will not Will he have
WILL He will have have finished finished the
HAVE + by next Monday, finished the the given task in a
Verb II (past in a week task by next task by week? Yes, he
participle Monday. tomorrow will./ No, he
form) evening. will not.

Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Hampir sama dengan semua jenis perfect continuous tense, future perfect
continuous tense merupakan serangkaian aksi yang terjadi sebelum waktu
tertentu di masa yang akan datang.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Will he have
Subject +
He will not been doing
WILL HAVE He will have
have been the research
BEEN + for the last been taking
doing the all day
Verb III couple of hours, charge of the
task for the long?
(past all day long team for the
last couple of Yes, he will./
participle next hour.
hours. No, he will
form)
not.

Past Future Tense

Past future tense pada dasarnya digunakan dalam kalimat yang tidak langsung,
dimana terdapat perubahan bentuk untuk menyesuaikan dengan rangkaian
peristiwa yang ada.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

He did not
Did you tell
Subject + He said that promise that
him when I
SHOULD/WOU he would he would
would arrive?
LD + Verb leave in three buy you a
Yes, I did. /
(present form) days. new
No, I did not.
computer.

Past Future Continuous Tense

Past future continuous tense menekankan pada serangkaian atau durasi sebuah
aksi terjadi. Sebagai tambahan, ini juga biasanya digunakan pada kalimat tidak
langsung.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

I did not tell
Did you say
I made a anyone that I
that you
Subject + promise that would be
would be
SHOULD/WOU I would be giving a
working hard
LD BE + Verb doing my speech to
in the next
(continuous homework all undergraduat
week? Yes, I
form) day long es for the
did / No, I did
tomorrow. next whole
not.
morning.

Past Future Perfect Tense

Terdapat 3 waktu dalam past future perfect yang terjadi di masa lalu. Menunjuk
pada waktu yang akan datang, waktu tertentu di masa lalu, tetapi aksi
yang terjadi harus sudah selesai sebelum waktu yang akan datang. Dan
biasanya digunakan pada kalimat tidak langsung.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Subject + He told the He said that Did you say
SHOULD/WOU students that he would not that you
LD HAVE they should have made would have
BEEN + Verb have finished such a been a doctor
III (past the mistake if he in three
participle homework had taken years?
form) this morning. my advice. Yes, I
 did / No,
I did not.

Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Past future perfect continuous tense merupakan bentuk tense yang cukup sulit.
Namun, kamu dapat mempelajarinya dari past future perfect tense. Bedanya, past
future perfect tense menekankan pada durasi waktu yang sudah berlalu dan
hasil.

Signal
Pattern Affirmative Negative Question
Words
Would he
I did not have been
know that explaining to
Subject + I heard that
he would the workers if
SHOULD/WOUL you should
have been he had made
D HAVE BEEN have been
working for the
+ Verb teaching here
the past information
(continuous for ten years
three hours clear?
form) by this July.
by that Yes, he
time. would / No,
he wouldnt.