Derechos reservados AVL, JADD, AJBG, queda

prohibida su reproduccin total y/o parcial.

UDA 3. Teoras de Falla Dise Esttico

Derechos reservados AVL, JADD, AJBG, queda

prohibida su reproduccin total y/o parcial.
 UDA 3. Teoras de Falla Dise Esttico

FAILURE
THEORIES
(From Shigleys
Mechanical
Engineering
Design)

Derechos reservados AVL, JADD, AJBG, queda

prohibida su reproduccin total y/o parcial.
MSS theory is an acceptable but conservative predictor of failure; and since engineers
are conservative by nature, it is quite often used.
For a general state of stress, three principal stresses can be determined and ordered
such that 1 2 3.

Derechos reservados AVL, JADD, AJBG, queda

prohibida su reproduccin total y/o parcial.
 UDA 3. Teoras de Falla Dise Esttico

Assuming that A B, there are three cases to consider for plane stress:

Case 1: A B 0. For this case, 1 = A and 3 = 0. Equation reduces to a yield

condition of

Case 2: A 0 B . Here, 1 = A and 3 = B , and Eq. becomes

Case 3: 0 A B . For this case, 1 = 0 and 3 = B ,

and Eq. gives

Derechos reservados AVL, JADD, AJBG, queda

prohibida su reproduccin total y/o parcial.
The distortion-energy (DE) theory originated from the observation that ductile
materials stressed hydrostatically exhibited yield strengths greatly in excess of the values
given by the simple tension test.

Derechos reservados AVL, JADD, AJBG, queda

prohibida su reproduccin total y/o parcial.
 UDA 3. Teoras de Falla Dise Esttico

For the element showed the strain energy per unit volume is

The strain energy for producing only volume change

Then the distortion energy is obtained by subtracting from u

Derechos reservados AVL, JADD, AJBG, queda

prohibida su reproduccin total y/o parcial.
 UDA 3. Teoras de Falla Dise Esttico

For the simple tensile test, at yield, 1 = Sy and 2 = 3 = 0, so the distortion energy is

Before we saw that

So for the general state of stress given, yield is predicted if equals or exceeds

This gives

Derechos reservados AVL, JADD, AJBG, queda

prohibida su reproduccin total y/o parcial.
A single, equivalent, or effective stress for the entire general state of stress given by 1, 2,
and 3 is usually called the von Mises stress, , named after Dr. R. von Mises, who
contributed to the theory.

For plane stress, let A and B be the two nonzero principal stresses then the von
Mises stress is given by:

Derechos reservados AVL, JADD, AJBG, queda

prohibida su reproduccin total y/o parcial.
The equations given allow the most complicated stress situation to be represented by a
single quantity, the von Mises stress, which then can be compared against the yield
strength of the material through

The distortion-energy theory predicts no failure under hydrostatic stress and agrees
well with all data for ductile behavior. Hence, it is the most widely used theory for
ductile materials and is recommended for design problems unless otherwise specified.
Derechos reservados AVL, JADD, AJBG, queda
prohibida su reproduccin total y/o parcial.
 UDA 3. Teoras de Falla Dise Esttico

The shear yield strength predicted by the distortion-energy theory is

which as stated earlier, is about 15 percent greater than the 0.5 Sy predicted by the MSS
theory.

Derechos reservados AVL, JADD, AJBG, queda

prohibida su reproduccin total y/o parcial.
 UDA 3. Teoras de Falla Dise Esttico

Not all materials have compressive strengths equal to their corresponding

tensile values.

For example, the yield strength of magnesium alloys in compression may be as

little as 50 percent of their yield strength in tension.

Coulomb-Mohr theory or the internal-friction theory

Derechos reservados AVL, JADD, AJBG, queda

prohibida su reproduccin total y/o parcial.
 Derechos reservados AVL, JADD, AJBG, queda
prohibida su reproduccin total y/o parcial.
 UDA 3. Teoras de Falla Dise Esttico

For design equations, incorporating the factor of safety n, divide all strengths by n.

Derechos reservados AVL, JADD, AJBG, queda

prohibida su reproduccin total y/o parcial.
UDA 3. Teoras de Falla Dise Esttico

Shah (2009)
Derechos reservados AVL, JADD, AJBG, queda
prohibida su reproduccin total y/o parcial.
 UDA 3. Teoras de Falla Dise Esttico

FAILURE
THEORIES
(From Shigleys
Mechanical
Engineering
Design)

Derechos reservados AVL, JADD, AJBG, queda

prohibida su reproduccin total y/o parcial.
UDA 3. Teoras de Falla Dise Esttico

Derechos reservados AVL, JADD, AJBG, queda

prohibida su reproduccin total y/o parcial.
 UDA 3. Teoras de Falla Dise Esttico

The maximum-normal-stress (MNS) theory states that failure occurs whenever one of the
three principal stresses equals or exceeds the strength.

The principal stresses for a general stress state in the ordered form 1 2 3. This
theory then predicts that failure occurs whenever

where Sut and Suc are the ultimate tensile and compressive strengths, respectively, given as
positive quantities.
For plane stress, with A B,
A Sut or B Suc
Derechos reservados AVL, JADD, AJBG, queda
prohibida su reproduccin total y/o parcial.
 UDA 3. Teoras de Falla Dise Esttico

Graph of maximum-normal stress

(MNS) theory of failure for plane
stress states. Stress states that plot
inside the failure locus are safe.

Derechos reservados AVL, JADD, AJBG, queda

prohibida su reproduccin total y/o parcial.
UDA 3. Teoras de Falla Dise Esttico

Derechos reservados AVL, JADD, AJBG, queda

prohibida su reproduccin total y/o parcial.
UDA 3. Teoras de Falla Dise Esttico

Derechos reservados AVL, JADD, AJBG, queda

prohibida su reproduccin total y/o parcial.
UDA 3. Teoras de Falla Dise Esttico

Derechos reservados AVL, JADD, AJBG, queda

prohibida su reproduccin total y/o parcial.
 UDA 3. Teoras de Falla Dise Esttico

Esfuerzos principales

Derechos reservados AVL, JADD, AJBG, queda

prohibida su reproduccin total y/o parcial.