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4. wkvg Dbqb AbymZ cwqv

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RvZxq wkvg 2012 2

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4.1.1 gvawgK ii cPwjZ wkvg chvjvPbv
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(1996) Learning: The Treasure Within; ONeill, Geraldine (2010)
RvZxq wkvg 2012
Programme Design: Overview of Curriculum Models; Marsh, C.J (1997)
Perspective Key Concepts for Understanding Curriculum; Sheehan, John
(1986) Curriculum Models: Product versus Process, Smith, P.L (1993)
Instructional Design, Macmillan; RvZxq wkvg I cvVcyK evW cwiPvwjZ
(2012) wbggvawgK, gvawgK I DPgvawgK chvqi wkvg, wkK cwkY
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nq| Lmov iciLvwU RvZxq wkvg civgkK I wkvg weklMYi ek
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RvZxq wkvg 2012 4

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kwYwfwK wefvRb Ges QK 2 G kwYwfwK wkLbdj, Aavq I wcwiqW
msLv, AavqwfwK welqe, wkLb-kLvbv wb`kbv, g~jvqb wb`kbv I cyK
cYqb wb`kbv| hnZz beg-`kg kwY I GKv`k-v`k kwY AweQ` kwY
mnZz G `ywU chvqi wkvg Dbqb QK 1G kwYwfwK wkLbdji
wefvRbi cqvRb nq wb|
4.3.3 cwZwU welqwfwK KwgwU w`bevcx wbavwiZ msLK mfvq wgwjZ nq wbavwiZ
QK wkvgi Lmov cYqb Ki| Gici GKB aibi welqQi welqwfwK
KwgwUmg~n I wkvg civgkKi h_ mfvq Lmov wkvg Dcvcb I
chvjvPbv Kiv nq| welq KwgwU m Abymvi wkvg cwigvRb Ki|
4.3.4 GKB aibi welqmg~n wbq PviwU `j MVb Ki cwZwU `ji AvevwmK Kgkvjv
Kzwgjv evW (BARD) AbywZ nq| welq KwgwUi m`me`, mswk fwUs KwgwU
I mv`bv KwgwUi m`me`, wkv gYvjq KZK MwVZ wkvg Dbqb
welqK UKwbKvj KwgwUi m`me` G Kgkvjvq AskMnY Kib| G Kgkvjvq
welqwfwK wkvg Dcvcb I chvjvPbv Kiv nq| chvjvPbvi AvjvK
mswk KwgwU wkvgi cqvRbxq cwigvRb Ki|
4.3.5 cieZxZ mKj wkvgi Rb mvaviY Ask Zwi Kiv nq| G AskwU c~e
cZKZ wkvgi iciLv I welqwfwK wkvgmg~ni mv_ mg^q Ki
c~Yv ic`vb Kiv nq|
4.3.6 Gici cYxZ wkvg wefvMxq Kgkvjvq Dcvcb I chvjvPbv Kiv nq|
Kgkvjvq welq-wkKMY `jMZfve ^ ^ welqi wkvg wbweofve
chvjvPbv Ki mywbw` mycvwik ivLb| Kgkvjvi G mycvwiki AvjvK welq
KwgwU wkvg cwigvRb Ki mvweK ic`vb Kib|

RvZxq wkvg 2012 5

 4.4 wkvg Dbqbi wewfb chvqi Kvhg
chvq Kvhg Dbqb/cYqbKvixe` chvq Kvhg Dbqb/cYqbKvixe`
1. Aevi 1.1 gvawgK ii cPwjZ 1.1 GmBGmwWwci wkvg 3. welqwfwK 3.1. wkvg Dbqbi Dci 3.1. wkvg civgkK I
weklY wkvg chvjvPbv wekle` wkvg wbweo cwkY c`vb UKwbKvj KwgwU
1.2 gvawgK ii wkvg 1.2 GmBGmwWwci wkvg Dbqb 3.3.1 wkv wekl, welq
g~jvqb I Pvwn`v wbicY wekle` wekl, Awf kwY
mgxv 2010 cwiPvjbv wkK, GbwmwUwe I
1.3 RvZxq wkvg 1995-96 1.3 GmBGmwWwci wkvg GmBGmwWwci wekl`i
weklY wekle` mg^q MwVZ welqwfwK
wkvg Dbqb KwgwU,
1.4 AvRvwZK chvqi 1.4 GmBGmwWwci wkvg wb`kbvq RvZxq wkvg
wkvg chvjvPbv wekle` Ges RvZxq civgkK
wkvg civgkK 3.3.2 wefvMxq Kgkvjvq
1.5 cvmwK cwZe`b, ce I 1.5 GmBGmwWwci wkvg 3.2. welqwfwK wkvg
Dbqb AskMnYKvix welq wkK
gZvgZ chvjvPbv wekle` Ges RvZxq I GmBGmwWwci wkvg
wkvg civgkK wekle`
2. wkvgi 2.1 wkvg Dbqbi 2.1 wkvg civgkKi 3.3.3 UKwbKvj KwgwU
iciLv bxwZgvjv wbaviY wb`kbvq
cYqb GmBGmwWwci 4. wkvgi 4.1. wkvgi mvgwMKfve 4.1.1 wkvg civgkK I
wkvg wekle` mg^q chvR Ask Zwi I GmBGmwWwci wkvg
mvab I mKj Aski mg^q wekle`
2.2 wkv Kvhg 2.2 wkvg civgkKi Abygv`b RvZxq wkvg 2012 4.1.2 UKwbKvj KwgwU
mgvKvix`i AMmiY wb`kbvq ic`vb Ges 4.1.3 fwUs KwgwU
cevn wP cYqb GmBGmwWwci wkvg 4.1.4 cdkbvj KwgwU
wekle` 4.1.5 GbwmwUwe
2.3 wkvgi iciLv cYqb 2.3.1 wkvg civgkKi
wb`kbvq 4.2. wkvg Abygv`b 4.2 RvZxq wkvg mg^q KwgwU
GmBGmwWwci wkvg
wekle`
2.3.2 `ywU RvZxq mwgbvi
AskMnYKvixe`

RvZxq wkvg 2012 6

5. RvZxq wkvg 2012 Gi ewk
5.1 mvaviY, gv`vmv I BsiwR wkvavivmn mKj avivi wkvi Rb Ag kwY ch
GKgyLx I Awfb wkvg cYqb|
5.2 Z_ I hvMvhvM chyw, Kg I RxebgyLx wkv/Kvwiqvi GWyKkb mshvRbi
cvkvcvwk cPwjZ mvgvwRK wevb welqi cwieZ evsjv`k I wekcwiPq welq
mshvRb|
5.3 Rjevqy cwieZb, cRbb ^v, Z_ AwaKvi, AwURg BZvw` welqe mshvRb|
5.4 6 _K 10g kwYZ HwQK welq wnmve z` bMvxi fvlv I mswZ welq
mshvRb|
5.5 hyMi Pvwn`vbymvi mKj ii cPwjZ welqvw`i welqe AvaywbKvqb Ges
GKv`k-v`k kwYZ HwQK welq wnmve (K) wnDgvb ivBUm G Rvi
vwWR (L) ccyjkb G WfjcgU vwWR (M) wnDgvb wimvm
WfjcgU Ges (N) UzwiRg G nmwcUvwjwU bZzb welqvw` mshvRb|
5.6 ag wkvmn mKj welq bwZK wkvi Dci iZ c`vb|
5.7 fvlv Av`vjb I gywhyi PZbv Ges Amvc`vwqK PZbv weKvki gvag
`kvZeva I RvZxq HK weKvki Dci iZ c`vb| `kvZeva weKvki gvag
AvRvwZKZveva mwi cqvm|
5.8 wevbgb, hywev`x, KggyLx I ` Rbkw mwi Dci iZ Avivc|
5.9 gvZfvlv evsjv Ges AvRvwZK fvlv BsiwR wkvq welqe gyL Kivi
cwieZ eenvwiK PviwU `Zv kvbv, ejv, cov I jLv kwYK Abykxjbi
gvag kLvi myhvM mw Ges AwRZ `Zv g~jvqbi cwZ ceZb|
5.10 wkLb-Kkj Kvhgi gvag wkv_x`iK mRbkxj Kiv A_vr weklYg~jK,
wPv DxcK I mRbkxj ckvi I KvR Abykxjbi gvag mRbkxj I
Dvebx gZvi weKvki myhvM c`vb|
5.11 hme welq eenvwiK KvR AvQ hgb- wevb, c`v_wevb, imvqb,
Rxewevb, Kwlwkv, Mvn wevb, kvixwiK wkv I ^v, Kg I RxebgyLx
wkv, Z_ I hvMvhvM chyw, Pvi I KviKjv welqi ZvwK I eenvwiK
Aski ga mg^q mvab Ges wkvK Rxeb I evegyLx Kivi cqvm| A_vr
cwZwU Z, m~ I bxwZ wkvi mv_ mv_ eenvwiK Kivi myhvM c`vb|
5.12 nvZ Kjg Ki kLv I `jMZ AvjvPbv Ki kLvi Dci iZ c`vb|
5.13 kwY Kvhg chywi eenvi ew|
5.14 wkvK Rxeb I evegyLx Kivi cqvm Ges `kxq cvcU Dbqbg Rbkw
mwi Dci iZ c`vb|
RvZxq wkvg 2012
5.15 Aavq _K Kx Kx vb, `Zv, g~jeva I `wfw ARb Kie Zv eywewK,
gbvcwkR I AveMxq wkLbdj wnmve cwZwU Aavqi iZ mshvRb|
5.16 wkvi gvag mecKvi elg `~i Ki mgZv weavbi myhvM mw| wj, ag, eY,
RvwZ, ckvMZ I A_bwZK elg `~i Kivi j GKxf~Z wkvq iZ c`vb|
5.17 wekvqbi Pvwn`v Abymvi gvbem` mwi cqvm|
5.18 cwZ wcwiqWi evw ew, AavqwfwK wcwiqW wbaviY, wkvel Kgw`emi
msLv ew|
5.19 RvZxq w`emmg~n zj Lvjv iL w`em D`hvcbi eev ceZb|
5.20 avivevwnK g~jvqbi (MVbKvjxb g~jvqb) gvag wkLb `yejZv wPwZ Ki
wbivgqg~jK mevi gvag wkLb wbwZKiY|
5.21 cPwjZ eenvwiK cixvi msvi mvabi gvag AwZwi bi c`vbi myhvM
e Kiv|
5.22 mvgwK g~jvqb/mvgwqK cixv I cvewjK cixv cwZi msvi|
6. wkvgi iciLv
6.1 l-v`k kwYi wkvi j I Dk
j
wkv_xi mvweK weKvki gvag gvbweK, mvgvwRK I bwZK Ymb vbx, `,
hywev`x I mRbkxj `kcwgK Rb m` mw|
Dk
K. wkv_xi my cwZfv I mvebv weKvki gvag mRbkxjZv, Kbv I Abymwrmv
ewZ mnvqZv Kiv|
L. wkv_xi ga gvbweK Yvewj, hgb- bwZK g~jeva, mZZv, Aaemvq, mwnyZv,
kLjv, AvZwekvm, m`vPvi, Abi cwZ kveva, bv`wbKZveva, mnv`c~Y
mK I bvqwePvieva my`pfve Mw_Z Kiv|
M. gnvb fvlv Av`vjb, gywhyi PZbv I Amvc`vwqK g~jevai AvjvK
wkv_xi ga `kcg, RvZxqZveva I MYZvwK g~jeva RvMZ Kiv Ges
mvebvgq bvMwiK wnmve eo DVZ mnvqZv Kiv|
N. wkv_xi ga evsjv`k mK mymsnZ vbi wfZ iPbv Z_v Gi BwZnvm,
HwZn, mswZ, Av_-mvgvwRK I MYZvwK ivRbwZKPPvi cwZ AvMn I hvMZv
mwi gvag ewkK cvcU `ki cMwZ I Dbqb Ae`vb ivLZ mg Ki
Mo Zvjv|
7
 O. kgi ghv`v, KvRi Afvm I KvR KiZ AvMnx nIqvi cwZ BwZevPK gbvfve 6.2 welq KvVvgv:
weKwkZ Kiv hvZ wkv_x ewMZ Ges `jMZ Dfq aibi KvR mv`b l _K Ag kwYi welq KvVvgv, b^i I mgq eb
bwZKZv I `vwqZkxjZvi cwiPq w`Z cvi| mKj avivi AvewkK welq cixvi mgqeb
P. mKj KvhKi hvMvhvM ivq wkv_xi cwgZ evsjv fvlvi `Zv my`p I (mvaviY wkv, gv`vmv wkv I BsiwR b^i (Kvm wcwiqW)
mymsnZ Kiv Ges wbqwgZ cvVvfvm Mo Zvjv| wkv aviv) mvvwnK mvgwqK evwlK
Q. evsjv mvwnZi AwbwnZ bv`wbK m`h, kLjv Ges mL DcfvM I D`NvUb 1. evsjv 150 5 87 174
wkv_xi hvMZv weKwkZ Kiv| 2. BsiwR 150 5 87 174
R. AvaywbK Kg, DPwkvmn mKj KvhKi hvMvhvMi cqvRb BsiwR 3. MwYZ 100 4 70 140
fvlvi gwjK `Zvmg~n ARbi gvag wkv_xK hvM Ki Mo Zvjv| 4. evsjv`k I wekcwiPq 100 3 53 106
S. wkv_xK MvwYwZK hyw, cwZ I `Zvi mv_ cwiwPZ Kivbv Ges RxebNwb I 5. wevb 100 4 70 140
weki cvwicvwkK mgmv mgvavbi Rb MwYZi cvqvwMK `Zv weKwkZ Kiv| 6. Z_ I hvMvhvM chyw 50 2 35 70
T. wkv_xK chywi cwZ AvMnx Ki Zvjv Ges Z_ I hvMvhvM chyw eenvi gvU 650 23 402 804
AvZwekvmx, Drcv`bkxj Ges mRbkxj wnmve Zwi Kiv| mvaviY wkv avivi AvewkK welq
U. wkv_x hvZ Rxebgvb Dbqbi Rb RxebNwb wewfb mgmv Abymvb I mgvavb 7. ag I bwZK wkv: 100 3 53 106
evwbK cwqv I cwZ cqvM KiZ cvi m j evwbK `wfw I Bmjvg I bwZK wkv/wn`yag I bwZK
hvMZv ARb mnvqZv Kiv| wkv/wLag I bwZK wkv/ eag I
V. `k Ges ewnweki cvKwZK I mvgvwRK cwiek Ges Rjevqyi cwieZbi Dci bwZK wkv
iZvivc Ki cwiekMZ Dcv`vb mK wkv_x`i cwiwPZ Kiv| GKB mv_ 8. kvixwiK wkv I ^v 50 2 35 70
mswk mKji KjvYi Rb H mKj Dcv`vbK wbqY I eenvi Kivi hvMZv 9. Kg I RxebgyLx wkv 50 2 35 70
ARb mnvqZv Kiv| 10. Pvi I KviKjv 50 2 35 70
X. Lv` I cyw, kvixwiK mgZv, ivM-evwa, cRbb ^v Ges ewMZ wbivcv gvU 250 9 158 316
BZvw`i Dci iZvivc Ki wkv_xK ^vmZ Rxebhvcbi cqvRbxq vb, mvaviY avivi HwQK welq (GKwU bIqv hve)
Rxeb `Zv I `wfw ARb mnvqZv Kiv| 11. z` bMvxi fvlv I mswZ/Kwl wkv/ 100 2 35 70
W. wkv_xi gb wbR wbR agxq wekvm I g~jeva RvMZ Kivi cvkvcvwk Ab ag I Mvnwevb/Aviwe/msZ/ cvwj/
agvej^x`i cwZ kvkxj nZ mnvqZv Kiv| msMxZ/bZ/bvUKjv
Y. wkv_xi ga evOvwj Ges z` RvwZ-Mvxi bvix-cyil, eY, Mv, fvlv, mswZ, megvU 1000 34 595 1190
wewfb kwY I ckvi gvbyli cwZ vZZ I kveva mw Kiv| `e:
Z. wkv_xi `wnK I gvbwmK weKvki j mnwkvwgK Kvhvewj- Ljvayjv, kixiPPv, c_g wcwiqWi evw 60wgwbU I Abvb wcwiqWi evw 50wgwbU|
mvswZK KgKv, Pvi I KviKjv Abykxjbi wbqwgZ Afvm Mo Zvjv|
kwbevi _K eyaevi cwZw`b 6wcwiqW Ges enwZevi 4wcwiqW|
_. Rxebevcx wkvq AvMnx I hvM Kivi Rb wkv_xi ewMZ I mvgvwRK Rxeb,
AvaywbK Kg Ges ^-Kgmsvbi Rb cqvRbxq vb, `Zv I `wfw my`p `wbK cviwK mgvek (assembly) Gi gqv` 15wgwbU Ges 3q wcwiqW ci gav
Kiv| weiwZ 45wgwbU|
`. mnhvwMZvg~jK KvR Kivi gvag wkv_xi bZZ, mnhvwMZv I hvMvhvM `Zv `yB wkdU cwiPvwjZ cwZvb me 5wgwbU Ki mgq Kg ne Ges gav
weKvk mg Kiv|
weiwZ 25wgwbU|
RvZxq wkvg 2012 8
 6.3 mvaviY wkv avivi beg-`kg kwYi welq-KvVvgv, b^i I mgq eb
welqi aib welq cixvi mgqeb welqi aib welq cixvi mgqeb
b^i (Kvm wcwiqW) b^i (Kvm wcwiqW)
mvvwnK mvgwqK evwlK mvvwnK mvgwqK evwlK
1. evsjv 200 5 80 160 eemvq wkv 12. f~Mvj I cwiek/ 100 3 48 96
2. BsiwR 200 5 80 160 kvLvi HwQK evsjv`k I wekcwiPq/
3. MwYZ 100 4 64 128 welq Kwlwkv/Mvnwevb/
4. ag I bwZK wkv 100 2 32 64 (GKwU bIqv z` bMvxi fvlv I
(Bmjvg I bwZK wkv/ hve) mswZ/Pvi I KviKjv/
AvewkK wn`yag I bwZK wkv/ msMxZ/ewmK UW
wLag I bwZK wkv/ megvU 1300 36 576 1152
eag I bwZK wkv) gvbweK 7. evsjv`ki BwZnvm I 100 3 48 96
5. Z_ I hvMvhvM chyw 50 2 32 64 kvLvi Rb wekmfZv
6. Kvwiqvi wkv 50 1 16 32 AvewkK 9. f~Mvj I cwiek 100 3 48 96
7. kvixwiK wkv , ^v 100 2 32 64 welq 10. A_bxwZ/cibxwZ I 100 3 48 96
wevb I Ljvayjv bvMwiKZv
gvU 800 21 336 672 11. wevb 100 3 48 96
gvbweK 12. A_bxwZ/cibxwZ I 100 3 48 96
kvLvwfwK welq
kvLvi bvMwiKZv/Pvi I
wevb kvLvi 8. c`v_wevb 100 3 48 96 HwQK welq KviKjv /Kwlwkv
Rb 9. imvqb 100 3 48 96 (GKwU bqv /Mvnwevb/ z`
AvewkK 10.Rxewevb/DPZi MwYZ 100 3 48 96 hve) bMvxi fvlv I mswZ/
welq 11.evsjv`k I wekcwiPq 100 3 48 96 Aviwe/msZ/ cvwj/
wevb kvLvi 12. Rxewevb/DPZi 100 3 48 96 msMxZ/ewmK UW
HwQK welq MwYZ/ z` bMvxi fvlv /kvixwiK wkv I
(GKwU bIqv I mswZ, Kwlwkv/ xov*
hve) Mvnwevb/ f~Mvj I
megvU 1300 36 576 1152
cwiek/Pvi I KviKjv
/msMxZ/ewmK UW/ `e:
kvixwiK wkv I xov* wevb, gvbweK I eemvq wkv kvLv nZ hKvb GKwU kvLv wbevPb Ki wbevwPZ
megvU 1300 36 576 1152 kvLvi AvewkK welqmg~n wbZ ne|
eemvq wkv 8. eemvq D`vM 100 3 48 96 mvn 6w`b `wbK 6wcwiqW Kvm ne|
kvLvi Rb 9. wnmvewevb 100 3 48 96 wcwiqWi evw I Abvb welq l _K Ag kwYi Abyic ne|
AvewkK 10.wdbv I evswKs 100 3 48 96 * kvixwiK wkv I xov welqwU ay evsjv`k xov wkv cwZvbi wevb kvLv I gvbweK
welq 11. wevb 100 3 48 96 kvLvi wkv_xiv HwQK welq wnmve wbZ cvie|

RvZxq wkvg 2012 9

 7. QywUi ZvwjKv 8. wkLb-kLvbv cwZ I Kkj
wgK welq wkvgi myz evevqbi gvag wkv_xi wkLb wbwZKiY A_vr wkLbdj ARb
bs cavbZ `ywU welqi Dci wbfikxj| mePq iZc~YwU nQ kwYwkKi mwq
1. *AvLwi Pvnvi mv^v mnhvwMZv I h_vchy wkLb-kLvbv cwZ I Kkji myy cqvM Ges wZxqwU
2. * C`-B-wgjv`ybex (mv:)
nQ gvbmZ cvVcyK I Abvb wkvcKiYi mwVK eenvi| Dfq B
3. kx kx mi^Zx c~Rv
4. knx` w`em I AvRvwZK gvZfvlv w`em
wkKi f~wgKv AZ iZc~Y| GK K_vq wkv_xi wkLb wbwZKiYi
5. *dvZnv-B-BqvR`vng wkKi Pq Dg Avi wKQy bB| GLvb weklfve DjL h, AbK KwVb I
6. *gvNx c~wYgv RwUj KvR hv Kivi Rb AbK kg I mgq cqvRb Zv h_vwPZ cwZ I Kkj
7. kx kx wkeivw cqvM mnR I Kg mgq mwVKfve mb Kiv me| wkv_xi wkLbi I G
8. RvwZi RbK eez kL gywReyi ingvbi Rbw`em wbqg chvR| wkK c~e cwZ wbq Kg cwikg Ges AcvKZ Kg mgq
9. ^vaxbZv I RvZxq w`em h_vwPZ cwZ I Kkj cqvM wkv_xi wkLbdj ARb wbwZ KiZ cvib|
10. f `vjhvv
11. Bvi mvbW 8.1 wkv_xi wkLb wbwZ Kivi welq KqKwU K_v
12. evsjv beel 8.1.1 wkLb-kLvbv cwqvq wkv_xi mwqZv LyeB iZc~Y| mwqZvi `ywU -
13. g w`em gvbwmK mwqZv I `wnK mwqZv| gvbwmK mwqZv A_vr wkYxq welq
14. MxKvjxb AeKvk, *ey c~wYgv/ ekvLx c~wYgv wkv_xi wPb cwqv Dx Kiv| Ggb mgmv, ck ev KvR `Iqv hvi mgvavb
15. *ke-B-wgivR wPv Ki ei KiZ nq| `wnK mwqZv njv nvZ-Kjg KvR Ki kLv| wkv
16. *ke-B-eivZ
jvf cwqvq wkv_xK mwq ivLv Mj Kg mgq I mnR wkLb me|
17. *cwe igRvb, Rygv-Zzj-we`v, ke-B K`i, C`-Dj-wdZi
18. RvZxq kvK w`em 8.1.2 gvbyl GK aibi KvR `xN mgq gbvhvM w`Z cvi bv| wk`i
19. f Rbvgx gbvhvM `Iqvi evw eq`i Pq Kg| wewfb MelYvq `Lv MQ, 12 _K
20. `yMvc~Rv, *cwe C`-Dj-Avhnv, kx kx jxcyRv 16 eQi eqmx wk`i G evw 8 _K 10 wgwbU, ZvI Avevi wbfi Ki
21. kx kx Kvjx cyRv/kx kx kvgv cyRv KvRwU KZUv AvKlYxq Ges Avb``vqK| AZGe kwY Kvhg ne ewPc~Y|
22. *wnRix beel AvjvPbv, `jMZ KvR, M, jLv, AuvKv, weZK, Awfbq, nvZ-Kjg KvR,
23. *Aviv ckvi, c`kb BZvw` cvVi mv_ mwZ iL cqvM Kiv nj wkv_xi
24. weRq w`em
gbvhvM ai ivLv me|
25. kxZ Kvjxb AeKvk, hx wLi Rbw`b
26. cavb wkKi msiwZ QzwU
8.1.3 cZK ewB ^Z (every individual is a unique)| wkv_x`i Zv ewk
weePbvi `vwe ivL| cZK wkv_x Zvi wbRi gZv Ki wbR MwZZ kL|
ZvB ew^vZi K_v weePbvq iL h_vme wkv_xi DchvMx Dcvq
*Puv` `Lvi Dci wbfikxj mnhvwMZv `Iqv nj wkv_xi c wkvjvf mnR nq|
8.1.4 wkvK ejv nq eK cwqv| eKi Dci eK vcb Ki weivU BgviZ Zwi Kiv
`e:
nq| GKBfve Rvbv AwfZv, vb, `Zvi Dci wfw Ki bZzb vb, `Zv I
^vaxbZv I RvZxq w`em, weRq w`em, knx` w`em I AvRvwZK gvZfvlv w`em, RvZxq kvK w`em Ges RvwZi
RbK eez kL gywReyi ingvbi Rbw`em zj Lvjv _vKe, kwY Kvhg e iL w`em D`hvcb Kiv ne|
g~jeva ARb mnR mnvqZv `Iqv hvq| ZvB wkv_xi Rxeb _K Dcgv,
D`vniY w`q Ges c~e j vb, `Zvi mv_ mshvM vcb Ki bZzb vb,
`Zv ARb mnvqZv Kiv nj wkv jvf mnR nq|

RvZxq wkvg 2012 10

8.1.5 wkv_xiv hv wkLe Zv eyS wkLe| Kvb welq mK my aviYv jvf Kie| bv
eyS gyL Kiv h_v_ wkv bq| GZ wkLbi mvjb nq bv| eyS wkLj ev Kvb
mgmv mgvavbi hyw I cwZ eyS cqvM Kij Abyic mgmvi mgvavb wbRB
KiZ cvi| ZvB gyLi Pq eySvi Dci iZ `Iqv cqvRb|
8.1.6 wkv jvf h_vh_ wkvcKiYi mwVK eenvi AZ iZc~Y| me welqB Kg-
ewk wkvcKiY eenvii myhvM AvQ| wkvcKiYi mvnvh RwUj I weg~Z
welqK mnR I g~Z Ki Dcvcb Ki welqwUK aviYv `Iqv hvq| GKwU
QvU MvQ kwYZ c`kb Ki MvQi wewfb Ask ev gvwwgwWqvq m~hMnY `Lvj hZ
mnR mwVK aviYv jvf me Ab Kvbvfve Zv me bq| gvwwgwWqv eenvii
myhvM bv _vKj P`, cw_ex I m~hi Awfbq ev PvU eenvi Kiv hvq|
8.1.7 wkLbK vqxKiYi Rb cqvRb Abykxjbi eev| bZzbfve AwRZ vb, `Zv
evievi Abykxjb Kiv nj GKw`K hgb wkLb vqx nq, Abw`K wkLb mvjbi
myhvM mw nq|
8.1.8 wkv ARbi wkv_xi cwZ wkKi mnvbyf~wZc~Y AvPiY LyeB iZc~Y|
wkK-wkv_xi mK Ggb ne hb wkv_x ay jLvcov welqK mgmv bq, Zvi h
Kvb ewMZ, cvwievwiK mgmv webv msKvP wkKi mv_ AvjvPbv Ki| wkK
mgmv mgvavb civgk w`eb Ges mvagZ mnvqZv Kieb| wkK-wkv_xi gvS
Kvbv `qvj _vKe bv| mK ne mn-kvi Ges LyeB Nwb I AvwiK|
8.1.9 wkKi wekvm _vKZ ne h, Zuvi mKj wkv_xB kLvi mvg_ mb| mevi
kLvi Dcvq I MwZi ga cv_K _vKZ cvi, Ze Dchy cwiek I mnhvwMZv
cj mevB kL| Kvb wkv_xi cwZ wkKi bwZevPK gbvfve _vKj H wkK
_K wkv_xi DcKZ nIqvi mvebv LyeB Kg| ZvB cwZwU wkv_xi cwZ wkKi
DP aviYv _vKv evbxq| Kvb wkv_xK KLbI gv_vq Mvei, ZvK w`q wKQyB
ne bv, Mvav, Ac`v_ BZvw` Kvb aibi bwZevPK ev wbirmvng~jK K_v ejv
hve bv| eZ eenvi ev Kvb cKvi kvixwiK ev gvbwmK kvw c`vb wkv jvfi
Aivq Ges ivxq AvBb kvwhvM Aciva| Drmvn c`vb Kiv nj wkv_xi kLvi
AvMn AbKUvB eo hvq|
9. wkLb gZev`
9.1 wkv wevbi AZ iZc~Y welq wkLb gZev`| `xNw`b ai _bWvBKi cPv I
fyj mskvab gZev` (Trail and Error Theory of Thorndike); cfjfi DxcK I
cwZwqvwfwK mvc cwZeZev` (Conditioned Reflex Theory of Pavlov); Kvnjvi
I KvdKvii mgMZvev` (Gestalt Theory) wkLbi AbymZ nq AvmQ| eqmf`
wk`i AeaviY gZv wfb G welq Theory of Cognitive Development of Piaget
RvZxq wkvg 2012
wkvwevb mwekl Ae`vb iL PjQ| G gZev` AeaviY gZv ev mvg_i
ZviZg Abymvi 1 _K 16 eQi eqmi wk RxebK PviwU i fvM Kiv nqQ|
fvMjv nQ (K) 0-2 eQi mse`b mvjbi i (L) 2-7 eQi cvK-KvhKi i (M)
7-11 eQi eve KvhKi i Ges (N) 11-16 eQi AvbyvwbK KvhKi i| wkvg
Dbqb I wkLb-kLvbv Kvhg cwiPvjbvq wki AeaviY gZv ev mvg_i welq
weePbvq ivLv LyeB iZc~Y| Kvb eqmi wk KZUzKz aviY KiZ cvi ev Kvb eqm
Kx Kx aibi weg~Z aviYv jvf KiZ mg m mK my aviYv _vKv AZvekK|
wkLbi DwjwLZ cZKwU gZev` g~jZ AvPiYev`| wK eZgvb wek mevwaK AvjvP
wkLb gZev`wU aviYv MVb mwKZ hv MVbev` bvg cwiwPZ|
9.2 MVbev` (Constructivist Theory)
wkv_x wKfve kL G mK wkv gbvwevbx`i AevnZ cPvi dj D~Z
mevaywbK Z nQ MVbev`| jvwUb k Constrvere _K Construct kwUi Drcw
hvi A_ webvm Kiv ev MVb `Iqv| ZvB G Zi g~jK_v njv aviYv MVbB wkLb|
cwZ gyn~ Z Bw`q Mvn Z_ viv Avgv`i wPbi ga h wbqwgZ MVb Ges
cwieZb nQ Zvi gvagB wkLb cwqv NU| cZK wkv_x wbRi AwfZv Ges
cvwicvwkKZv Abyavb Ki wbRi gZv GKKfve bZzb vb I aviYv MVb Ki|
ew bZzb wKQyi myLxb nj m GUvK Zvi c~ej vb I AwfZvi AvjvK
hvPvB Ki MnY Ki| GfveB ew bZzb aviYv ev vb ARb Ki| hvPvBq bZzb
welqK Aevi gb nj GUvK m evwZj Ki `q| wkLbi Jerome Bruner
cwiek I fvlv weKvki Dci ewk cvavb w`qQb| Zuvi gZ vbweKvki
cwieki f~wgKv ewk Ges vbweKvki wewfb i wk vbi AvIZvfz wewfb
mgmvi mgvavb wewfbfve `q| GUv wbfi Ki wki c~e AwfZv I vbi Dci|
David Jonassen gb Kib MVbev` wkKi f~wgKv ne bZzb aviYv MVb
wkv_xK mnvqZv Kiv| ay Z I Z_ mieivn Kiv bq| wkK mgmv-mgvavb ev
Abymvbi wb`kbv w`eb, wkv_xiv hvZ wbRivB AbywgZ aviYv Zwi I cixv
Ki wmv wbZ cvi Ges `jMZ wkLb cwiek Ab`iK Zv RvbvZ cvi| G
cwqvq vb jvfi gvag wkv_xiv wKfve DcKZ nQ Zv D`NvUb KiZ wkK
wkv_x`i DrmvwnZ Kib| Jonassen AviI gb Kib h, wkv_xiv wbRiv
wbR`iK ck Ki Ges Zv`i eeZ cwZ Kkji h_v_Zv hvPvB Ki
wbRivB g g Awf wkv_xZ cwiYZ nq, wKfve wkLZ nq (How to learn)
Zv Zviv Avq Ki dj| Gfve Zviv Rxeb-evcx wkv_xZ (Life-long learners)
cwiYZ nq|
11
 MVbev`wfwZ wkvgi webvm ne kwLj (spiral)| G eevq wkv_x AwRZ
aviYv, vb I `wfwi Dci wfw Ki gvMZfve bZzb bZyb aviYv, vb I
`wfw ARb Kie|
David Jonassen GigZvbymvi MVbev`x kwYK wkLb ne-
MwVZ (Constructed): wkv_xiv Zv`i c~e vb, aviYv I AwfZvi mv_ bZzb vb
I AwfZvi mg^q Ki Abyavbi gvag wbRi gvS bZzb aviYv MVb Kie|
mwq (Active) : wkv_xiv wbRivB wbR`i aviYv mw Kie| wkK Zv`iK
cqvRbxq wb`kbv w`eb Ges wkv_x`iK cixv KiZ, DcKiYvw` eenvi
KiZ, ck KiZ I cPv PvjvZ myhvM Ki w`eb| wkv_x`iK wbR`i
j I Kgcv wbaviY mnvqZv w`eb|
Abyavbg~jK (Reflective): wkK wkv_x`iK Zv`i wbR wbR wkLb cwqvi Dci
ck Kivi Ges Abyavb Kivi myhvM Zwi Kieb| G KvR wkv_xiv GKKfve ev
`jMZfve KiZ cvi| wkK wkv_x`i Rb Ggb me KvR w`eb hvZ wkv_xiv
wbR`i KvRi chvjvPbv Ki g~jvqb KiZ cvi|
mnhvwMZvg~jK (Collaborative): MVbev`x kwY Kvhg ne mnhvwMZvg~jK|
wkv_xiv `ji cZKi _K cZK wkLe Ges GK AbK wkLZ mnhvwMZv
Kie| hLb wkv_xiv mgeZfve wkLb cwqv chvjvPbv I Abyavb Ki ZLb Zviv
GK Ab _K djcm~wU MnY Kivi myhvM cvq|
Abymvb ev mgmvwfwK (Inquiry or Problem-Based): MVbev`i g~jK_v nQ
mgmvi mgvavb| G wkv_xiv Abymvbg~jK cwZi gvag ck Ki, Kvb
wKQyi mvb Ki Ges mgvavb ev Di cvIqvi Rb wewfb cwZ I Kkj cqvM
Ki|
weKvkgvb (Evolving): wkv_xiv Zv`i chvjvPbv I Abyavbi gvag c~e
AwRZ Kvb vbK AmZ I Am~Y gb KiZ cvi| m Zviv
Abymvbi gvag bZzb wmv cuQve| cPv Pvwjq hve Ges bZzb vb I
AwfZvwfwZ c~ej wmv cybmsvi Kie|
9.3 MVbev`i mv_ mgMZvev`i (Gestalt Theory) ek wgj AvQ| Gestalt Rvgvb
k hvi A_ Structure ev MVb| wkLb cwqvq aviYv MVb c_K c_K Dcv`vbi
Dci bq, mvgwMKfve Dcv`vbjvi Dci wbfi Ki| MVbev`iI g~j K_v aviYv
MVb hv wbfi Ki wkv_xi c~ej
aviYv, vb, AwfZv I cvwicvwkK Aevi
RvZxq wkvg 2012
Dci| mgMZvev` Abyhvqx PvL, Kvb, ZK BZvw` Bw`qjv viv Avgiv h
Z_jv cvB mjvK Avgiv gb gb c~Yv ic `B, Avi MVbev`i gZ
Avgiv Gme Bw`qMvn Z_jv w`q cZK ^Z GKwU gvbwmK wP Zwii
gvag AwfZv ARb Kwi| Gfve AwRZ AwfZv GKwUi Dci GKwU mvwRq
wkLb mb Kwi|
10. wkLb-kLvbv Kvhg cwiPvjbvi KwZcq cwZ I Kkj
wkv_xi wkLb AbKvsk wbfi Ki wkK KZK cwiPvwjZ cwZ I Kkji
Dci| wkv_x`i gZv I ceYZv Ges cvVi ewki wfwZ cwZ I Kkj
wbevPb Kiv cqvRb| cwZ I Kkj mwVK nj Ges h_vh_fve cqvM Kiv nj
wkv_x mnR wkLZ cvi| GLvb KqKwU cwZ I Kkji msw cwiPq
`Iqv njv:
10.1 ck- Di cwZ (Question-Answer Method)
ck- Di GKwU ej cPwjZ I KvhKi cwZ| G cwZi mwVK cqvMi gvag
wkv_xK mwq iL wkLb mnhvwMZv Kiv hvq| wewfb Dk ck Kiv nq _vK|
kLvi Rb ck, wkLbdj ARb cwigvci Rb ck, Kvb wekl Kgi DchvwMZv
hvPvB Kivi Rb ck, BZvw` ek KqKwU aib iqQ| hgb:
10.2 ck Kivi ixwZ
mg kwYK Dk Ki ck Kiv| c_g Kvb wkv_xK wbw` Ki ZvK ck
Kiv nj kwYi Ab wkv_xiv wbwq _vK, AgbvhvMx nZ cvi| mevBK
mwq ivLvi Rb mg kwYK ck KiZ nq|
wPv Ki Di wVK Kivi Rb wKQyUv mgq `Iqv|
Di `vb kLjv eRvq ivLv| cviM wkv_xiv nvZ DVve| mevi GKmv_ Di
`Iqvi Afvm ZvM KivZ ne|
wkv_xK wbw` Ki Di w`Z ejv| GKB wkv_xK evi evi Di `Iqvi
myhvM bv w`q chvqg mevBK myhvM `Iqv| cqvRb Di `vb BwZ
(Kz) w`q mnvqZv Kiv| Di mwVK bv nj Ab wkv_xK Di w`Z ejv|
mwVK Di cybivew Kiv|
Gici c~e nvZ DVvqwb Ggb AcviM wkv_xK GKB cki Di w`Z ejv|
cqvRb Abymvbx ck (probing question) Kiv| GKwU cki Di _K h
ck RvM ZvK Abymvbx ck ejv nq|
12
10.3 cki aib
cki fvlv ne mnR I kwY DchvMx|
ck ne wkv_xi wPv DxcK I ciYv mwKvix| Kb, wKfve, KviY Kx,
evLv Ki, weklY Ki, Zzjbv Ki BZvw` viv ck Kiv nj wPv Ki Di
ei KiZ nq|
hme cki Di nuv ev bv Ggb ck bv KivB fvj| wZ wbfi ck hgb Kx,
K, Kv_vq, KqwU ev KvK ej BZvw` ck hZUv me cwinvi Kiv|
chvqg Ggbfve ck Kiv hb ckmg~ni Di _K welqe mK
aviYv jvf Kiv hvq| cqvRb ckvii gvS gvS AvjvPbv Kiv|
Abymvbg~jK ck (probing question) A_vr GKwU cki Di _K D~Z ck
Ki welqi c~YZv Avbv cqvRb| hgb-
g~j ck: zj wkv_x`i Mo DcwwZ KZ?
Di : mvaviY mgq 85%, wekl mgq 50%
Abymvbg~jK ck: wekl mgq Kg Kb?
Di : avb ivcY I avb KvUvi gmyg Qjgq`i AbK KwlKvR
AwffveKK mnvqZv Ki ZvB zj Avm bv|
10.4 wkKi KiYxq
mwVK Dii Rb wkv_xK Drmvn c`vb
fyj Dii Rb wb`kbv I wkLZ AbyciYv `Iqv
mwVK Dii cm Ub AvjvPbvi gvag aviYv jvf mnvqZv Kiv
wkv_xK ck KiZ myhvM `Iqv, DrmvwnZ Kiv Ges wkv_xi cki Di `Iqv
11. `jMZ mnhvwMZvg~jK wkv cwZ
`jMZ mnhvwMZvg~jK cwZ GKwU mdj wkLbcwZ| G cwZZ GKB
eqtgi ev GKB chvqi wk_xiv cii wg_wqvi gvag wkv jvf Ki|
G wkKi f~wgKv civ wK iZc~Y| `jMZ KvRi gvag cwZwU
wkv_xi ay vb-`ZvB ew cvq bv, mv_ mv_ ek wKQy gvbweK Yvewji
weKvk NU| K_v kvbvi I K_v ejvi kLjv AbymiY, cigZ mwnzZv, bZZ,
mgSvZv BZvw` Yvewji weKvk NU|
RvZxq wkvg 2012
11.1 `j MVb
wewfbfve `j MVb Kiv hvq| mg-mvg_i wkv_x`i `j, wgk mvg_i
wkv_x`i `j, welqwfwK `j, AjwfwK `j BZvw`| AbK wgk mvg_
`ji myweav Ab`i Pq wKQyUv ewk| cwZ cvVi Rb ev cwZ welqi Rb bZzb
Ki `j MVb KiZ Mj AbK mgq jvM| ZvB kwYwkK (whwb c_g wcwiqW
Kvm bb) `j MVb Kieb| cqvRb GK gvm Ai Ai bZzb Ki `j MVb
Kieb| GZ wkv_x`i wg_wqvi cwimi ew cvq| GKB kwYi wewfb welqi
wkKMY kwYwkK KZK MwVZ `jjvKB `jMZ KvR wbqvwRZ Kieb|
cwZwU `ji AvKvi 6 _K 8 Rb nj fvj, Ze 10 Rbi ewk nIqv evbxq
bq| cZK `ji GKwU Ki bvg _vKj myweav nq| dj, dzj, cvwL, b`x ev is
Gi bvg `ji bvg ivLv hvq|
11.2 `jMZ KvRi Avmb webvm
`jMZ KvRi Avmb webvm Ggb ne hvZ `ji mKj wkv_x gyLvgywL emZ
cvi| kwYKi AvKvi eo nj Ges chv Avmevec _vKj, cwZ `j Mvj
Uweji Pvicvk eme| Gic Avmevec bv _vKj cvKv gSZ gv`yiI Mvj
nq emZ cvi| bZzev c_g ei wkv_xiv Nyi wZxq ei gyLvgywL eme,
Gfve ZZxq e Nyi PZz_ ei gyLvgywL| G cwZ `ji wkv_x`iK
ci ci `ye emZ ne| wkK `jMZ KvR eywSq `Iqvi mv_ mv_B
`jefve em `jMZ KvR i KiZ ne| Avmevec UvbvUvwb Ki mgq b
Kiv hve bv|
11.3 `jMZ KvR Kivi cwqv
`j fvM nIqvi AvMB mgeZ Kvm wkK Ki `jMZ KvR eywSq w`eb|
wkK `ji GKRbK GKwU KvRi Rb `jbZv gbvbqb w`eb| chvqg
`ji cZKK `jbZvi `vwqZ w`eb|
wkv_xiv `j fvM nq eme| `ji cZK welqwU wbq wPv Kie| Zvici
AvjvPbv i Kie| GKRb K_v ejvi mgq Abiv gb w`q be| K_vi
gvS KD K_v eje bv| Ze AvjvPbv Ah_v `xN ev cm ewnf~Z nj
`jbZv f`fve wbqY Kie|
`ji cZK AvjvPbvq AskMnY Kie|
AvjvPbvi gvag Z, Z_, hyw Dcvcb I hyw Lb Kie|
13
 Kviv K_v AcQ` nj ev gbtcyZ bv nj ah ai bZ ne, ci hyw w`q
Lb Kiv hve, ivM Kiv ev Akvfb AvPiY Kiv hve bv|
Rvi Ki Ab`i Dci wbRi gZvgZ Pvwcq `Iqvi Pv Kiv hve bv|
AvjvPbvi djvdj `ji wmv wnmve wjLZ ne Ges mevBK gb wbZ ne|
cieZxZ mgeZ Kvm wkKi wb`kvbymvi H AvjvPbvi `jbZv `ji cwZe`b
Dcvcb Kie| Ab `ji ck _vKj `ji c h Kvb GKRb Di w`e|
`jMZ KvR Pjvi mgq Kvb gZvbK ev mgmv `Lv w`j `jbZv nvZ Zzj
wkKi wb`kbv PvBe|
11.4 `jMZ KvRi aib
`jMZ KvR cavbZ Abymvbg~jK ev mgmvwfwK ne| `jMZ KvRi welq wPv
DxcK, mRbkxj I weklYagx ne| mvaviY Z, Z_ ev vbg~jK Rvbvi welq
`jMZ AvjvPbvi welq nq bv| ZvZ Abymvb ev wPv DxcK wKQy _vK bv|
11.5 `jMZ KvRi KqKwU D`vniY
K. evsjv`k _K wewfb cRvwZi cvwL gvMZ wejy nIqvi KviY I Zv`i
ivi Dcvq Abymvb|
L. Mvgi wbii gvbylK ^v mPZb Kivi wkv_x`i KiYxq wbaviY|
M. cixYi gvag wewfb cKvi gvwUi ewk wPwZKiY|
N. evsjv`ki wk`i AwaKvi ivq miKvi, mgvR I AwffveKi KiYxq wbaviY|
O. GKwU AbyQ`i mvigg D`NvUb|
11.6 `jMZ KvRi welq wnmve mwVK bq
K. AbycvZmn evqyi Dcv`vbmg~ni bvg
L. evsjv`ki f~-cKwZi eYbv
M. mvK `kmg~ni ivRavbx, RbmsLv I gv_vwcQy Avq
N. cigvYyi MVb eYbv
O. Z_ AwaKvi AvBb eYbv
11.7 `jMZ KvRi gvag wkLb `yejZvi Aemvb
wkv_x`i KD KD wewfb KviY wbavwiZ wkLbdj ARb KiZ cvi bv|
avivevwnK g~jvqbi gvag wkLb `yejZvmb wkv_x`i wPwZ Ki Zv`i Rb
wekl `jMZ KvRi eev Kiv hvq| G GKB kwYi GKRb wkLbdj
RvZxq wkvg 2012
ARbKvix PKm wkv_xK `jbZv wnmve `ji Ab`iK wkLb mnhvwMZv
Kivi `vwqZ `Iqv nq| wkK `jbZvK c~eB cqvRbxq wb`kbv w`q `b|
mgchvqi wkv_x viv Ab wkv_x`iK wkLb mnhvwMZv `IqvK Peer
Learning ejv nq|
11.8 `jMZ KvR PjvKvjxb wkKi KiYxq
`jMZ KvR PjvKvjxb wkK Nyi Nyi cZK `ji KvR cheY Kieb|
hLvb hLb cqvRb wb`kbv I mnvqZv w`eb| cieZxZ `jMZ KvR Dcvcbi
mgq fyj-vw ev Am~YZv _vKj awiq w`eb|
11.9 c`kb cwZ (Demonstration Method)
c`kb cwZi g~jK_v njv Kvb wKQy `wLq GwU mK aviYv jvf
wkv_x`iK mnvqZv Kiv| Kvb wKQy Dcvcb ay eYbv ev AvjvPbvq mxgve
bv _K Zv `Lvbv nj aviYv jvf mnR nq Ges GZ wkv_x`i AvMn I Drmvn
ew cvq| G cwZZ cvVi welq mswk eve e ev cZfve cwqv `wLq
eYbv, AvjvPbv ev ck- Dii gvag aviYv jvf mnvqZv Kiv nq| hgb- GKwU
Rev dzji Askjv `wLq dzji Askjvi mK aviYv ARb mnvqZv Kiv;
kwYK wkv_x`i mvgb hcvwZ mshvRb Ki `vi mv_ cvZjv mvjwdDwiK
GwmW wgwkq nvBWvRb cZ Ki `Lvbv BZvw`|
AbK eve e ev NUbv mivmwi `Lvbv me nq bv| m Aaevei
mvnvh aviYv jvf mnvqZv Kiv hvq| hgb- P` ev m~hMnY mK aviYv jvfi
Rb kwYK wmwW ev wWwfwWi gvag gvwwgwWqvq cw_ex I Puv`i wbR wbR
Kc_ N~Yb `wLq MnY NUvi welqwU cwivi Kiv hvq| cRi ev gvwwgwWqv
bv _vKj PvUi gvag `Lvbv hvq| ivj-c cwZZI kLvbv hvq|
wekl wkv_x`iK kwYKi evBi wbq eve NUbv cZfve `wLq wkv
jvf mnvqZv Kiv hvq| hgb- f~wgqi KviYjv cZ `Lvbv hvq| me nj
HwZnvwmK vb wbq wewfb wb`kb `wLq I eYbv Ki aviYv jvf mnvqZv Kiv
hvq| hgb- Kzwgjvi KvUevwo kvjeb wenvi cwi`kb wbq ZrKvjxb emfZv
mK RvbZ mvnvh Kiv|
c`kb cwZZ wkv_x`i Abymwrmv ew cvq| mnR mwVK aviYv jvf KiZ
cvi| wkLb AcvKZ `xNvqx nq| c`kb cwZZ j ivLZ ne hb me
wkv_x `LZ cvq|
14
 12. Abymvbg~jK KvRi aib
Abymvbg~jK KvR g~jZ KgKw`K cwZ| wWDBi mwqZv Zi wfwZ
cwiPvwjZ G cwZZ wkv_xiv GKKfve ev `jMZfve wbR`i cPvq
wbqgZvwK cwZZ wkv jvf Ki _vK| G cwZZ wkv_x Kvb welq ev NUbv
ev mgmvi KviY, djvdj, cwZwqv BZvw` D`NvUb Ki| bw_c chvjvPbv,
cwi`kb, cheY, mvvrKvi MnY bvbvfve Abymvb KvR cwiPvjbv Kiv hvq|
D`vniY-
hyemgvRi AvKvk mswZi cwZ ceYZv ewi KviY I djvdj
wk Aj evqy `~lYi KviY I djvdj
Lv` Drcv`b AwZgvvq ivmvqwbK KxUbvkK `e eenvii cwZwqv
12.1. Abymvbg~jK cwZZ wkLb cwqv
cZKwU Abymvbi Rb GKwU welq ev mgmv wbevPb KiZ nq| G cwZZ
hveZxq Kvhg cavbZ cuvPwU chvq cwiPvwjZ nq| chvqjv nQ-
K. mgmv/Dk wbaviY
L. cwiKbv cYqb
M. Z_ msMn
N. Z_ weklY
O. cwZe`b cYqb
me c_g Kvhgi mgmv wPwZ Kiv ev Dk wbaviY KiZ nq| wZxq chvq
mgM Kvhgi Rb cwiKbv cYqb KiZ nq| Dk ARbi Rb Kx Kx KiZ
ne, KvbwU wKfve Kx w`q KLb KiZ ne-G meB cwiKbvq _vK| Z_ msMn
Abymvbg~jK KvRi GKwU iZc~Y i| cvBgvwi ev mKvwi Drm nZ Z_
msMn KiZ ne| PZy_ chvq Z_ weklY I djvdj cYqb KiZ ne| mekl
wkv_x m~Y Abymvbg~jK KvRi Dci GKwU cwZe`b cYqb Kie|
12.2. wkLb- kLvbv Kvhg mK KqKwU K_v
wkLb-kLvbv cwZ I Kkj AbK aibi| Gi KqKwU wkKKw`K Ges
KqKwU wkv_xKw`K| wkLb-kLvbv cwqvq wkv_xi mwq AskMnY wkvjvf
mnvqK| me cwZiB Kgewk myweav I Amyweav AvQ| Ggb Kvb cwZ ev Kkj
bB hwU mKj wkv_xi Rb mgfve DchvMx ev me aibi welqei Rb
DchvMx| wkKi wewfb cwZ I Kkji Dci `Zv Ges kwY I cvV DchvMx
cwZ I Kkji h_vh_ cqvMi Dci wbfi Ki wkv_xi wkLb mvdj| Ggb
RvZxq wkvg 2012
Kvb evaevaKZv bB h GKwU cvV cwiPvjbvq wkKK GKwU cwZi Dci wbfi
KiZ ne| cvVK djcm~ Kivi Rb wkK cwiwwZ Abymvi GKvwaK cwZ I
Kkji mswgkY wbRi gZv Ki cvV cwiPvjbv KiZ cvib| cvVi mvdj wbfi
Ki wkKi wePYZv Ges welqvb I wkLb cwZi h_vh_ cqvMi Dci| GRb
ejv nq wkKB mevrK cwZ| wkv_xKw`K wkLb-kLvbv cwZ ewea| GLvb
gv KqKwU wkv_xmwq cwZ msc Dcvcb Kiv njv| Ze wkKi AwaK
msLK cwZ I Kkji Dci `Zv _vKv cqvRb| Zvnj wZwb h h
cwZ DchvwMZv cqvM KiZ cvib| cqvRb GKvwaK cwZi mswgkY wbRi
gZv Ki cvV cwiPvjbv KiZ cvib| cvV cwiPvjbvi mgq wkK hw` eySZ
cvib h cqvMKZ cwZ wkv_x`i wkLb djcm~ nQ bv ZLb wZwb cwZ
cwieZb KiZ cvib| ZvB wkK`i e cwZi Dci `Zv _vKv AvekK|
13. wkv_xi g~jvqb
mvaviY A_ wkv_xi g~jvqb njv wkv Kvhg _K wkv_xi ARbi gvv wbYq
Kiv| A_vr wkvg DjwLZ c~e wbavwiZ wkLbdj wkv_x KZUv ARb KiQ Zv
wbicYB wkv_xi g~jvqb| hw`I g~jvqb K_vwUi wewZ AbK evcK| Avgiv
wewfb mgq bvbvfve wkv_xi g~jvqb Ki _vwK| g~jvqbi mgq I aib weePbvq
wkv_xi g~jvqb cavbZ `yB avivi: (K) MVbKvjxb ev avivevwnK g~jvqb Ges (L)
mvgwK g~jvqb| Avgiv cvV PjvKvjxb ev wbw` cvVvsk _K wkv_xi ARb
g~jvqb Ki _vwK| G g~jvqb avivevwnK ev MVbKvjxb g~jvqb| Avevi Avgiv wbw`
mgq kl ev Kvhg kl mvgwqK cixv, evwlK cixv, GmGmwm cixv BZvw`
cixvi gvag g~jvqb Ki _vwK| G aibi g~jvqb nj mvgwK g~jvqb|
avivevwnK I mvgwK Dfq avivi g~jvqbiB cqvRb AvQ| Ze avivevwnK
g~jvqbi iZ AbK ewk| KviY-
avivevwnK g~jvqbi gvag wkv_xi wPwZ wkLb `yejZv ZvrwYK wb`kbv
c`vbi viv wbivgqg~jK eev bIqv hvq|
wkv_xi nvZ-Kjg eenvwiK KvR Kivi cwqv cheYi gvag g~jvqb Ki
wb`kbv `Iqv hvq|
wkv_xi wekl wKQz `Zv, hgb- kvbv, ejv, cov BZvw` Kg mgq, Kg
LiP I mnR cwigvc Ki avc avc wb`kbv `Iqv I wbivgqg~jK eev
bIqv hvq| mvgwK g~jvqbi gvag AbK Gme ewki g~jvqb Kiv
me nq bv|
15
 wkv_xi AveMxq w`Kmg~n wekl Ki ewK I mvgvwRK AvPiY Ges g~jeva
cZ cheYi gvag g~jvqb Ki wb`kbv `Iqv hvq|
G g~jvqbi gvag wkK Zuvi eeZ wkLb kLvbv cwZ I Kkji
h_v_Zv I djcm~Zv wbaviY Ki ev `yejZv wPwZ Ki cqvRbxq cwieZb
AvbZ cvib|
14. avivevwnK g~jvqb
evsjv`k 6 _K 10g kwY ch wbwjwLZ `yBwU avivevwnK g~jvqb
Kvhg Pje|
1. welqwfwK eywexq I gbvcwkR i avivevwnK g~jvqb
2. AveMxq i avivevwnK g~jvqb
14.1. welqwfwK eywexq I gbvcwkR i avivevwnK g~jvqb
welq wkK welqwfwK eywexq I gbvcwkR i avivevwnK g~jvqb
Kieb
cwZwU welq avivevwnK g~jvqbi Rb eivKZ b^i 20%
cwZwU welq avivevwnK g~jvqbi I b^i eb :
b^i
(K) kwYi KvR 10
(L) evwoi KvR I Abymvbg~jK KvR 05
(M) kwY Afxv 05
gvU 20
cwZ welq wkK KZK ^ ^ welq cwZ wkv_xK 20% b^ii wfwZ avivevwnK
g~jvqb Ki wbavwiZ QK g~jvqb iKW msiY Kiv ne|
14.1.1. kwYi KvR
wkLb-kLvbv Kvhg PjvKvjxb wkv_x KZK mvw`Z hveZxq KvR kwYi
KvR wnmve weewPZ| welqf` kwYi KvRi aib ZviZg _vKZ cvi|
AwaKvsk B cki Di ejv ev jLv, AuvKv (wP/Qwe, mviwY, gvbwP,
jLwP), AvjvPbv I weZK AskMnY, Pwi-Awfbq, eenvwiK KvR-G aibi
me wKQzB kwYi KvR| evsjv I BsiwR welq kvbv, ejv, cov, jLv BZvw`
kwYi KvR wnmve weewPZ ne|
cwZwU welqi Rb cwZ mvgwqK wZbwU kwYi KvRi g~jvqb iKW msiY Kiv
ne| hme welq eenvwiK KvR AvQ (hgb- wevb, c`v_wevb, imvqb,
RvZxq wkvg 2012
Rxewevb, Kwlwkv, Mvn, kvixwiK wkv, Kg I RxebgyLx wkv BZvw`) Hme
welq GKwU eenvwiK KvR I `ywU kwYi KvRi iKW ivLv ne|
welq wkK KZK wbqwgZfve cZK wkv_xK wbwjwLZ gvb`wfwK g~jvqb
Kiv ne Ges cwZ `yB gvm GKevi Ki cwZ mvgwqK (Qq gvm) 3 evi g~jvqb
iKW msiY Kiv ne|
14.1.2. evwoi KvR
wkv_x evwoZ wkvgwfwK h KvRjv mb Ki ZvB evwoi KvR |
evwoi KvR wkv_x GKKfve mb Kie GUvB cZvwkZ| wkK wbwZ
neb h wkv_x GKvB KvRwU mb KiQ| evwoi KvRi gvag wkv_xi
wPb `Zv Ges ewK AvPiY I g~jeva g~jvqb Kiv ne| evwoi KvR
g~jvqb Ki wkK wkv_x`iK cqvRbxq wkLb mnvqZv w`eb|
wkvgi wkLbdji Pvwn`vi Dci wfw Ki wkK evwoi KvR w`eb|
j ivLZ ne evwoi KvR hb wkv_xK gyL Kivq DrmvwnZ bv Ki|
evwoi KvR Ggb nZ ne hb wkv_xi wPb `Zv weKvk Ges
mRbkxjZv cKvki myhvM _vK|
kwYK AwRZ aviYvmg~n wPv I KvR cqvM Kivi myhvM hb evwoi
KvR _vK| evwoi KvR hb wkv_xK mRbkxj cki cwZZ mvnvh Ki
mw`K iZ w`Z ne| wkvg gvwU wkLb kLvbv Kvhg Kjvg
.
c` evwoi KvR bgybv wnmve AbymiY Kiv hZ cvi|
cwZwU welqi evwoi KvRjv Ggb ne hv wkv_x 20-25 wgwbUi ga
mv`b KiZ cvi| wkK cwZ mvgwqK kwYZ AbKjv evwoi KvR
w`eb| Ze iKW msiYi Rb l _K Ag kwYZ wevb, evsjv`k
I wekcwiPq, Z_ I hvMvhvM chyw, Kg I RxebgyLx wkv Ges Kvwiqvi
wkv welq cwZ mvgwqK `ywU evwoi KvRi g~jvqb I iKW msiY Kiv
ne| l _K Ag kwYi Abvb welqi Rb 3wU evwoi KvRi g~jvqb I
iKW msiY Kiv ne| beg I `kg kwYZ HwQK welq Qvov mKj welq
cwZ mvgwqK `ywU evwoi KvRi g~jvqb I iKW msiY Kiv ne| iKW
msiYi Rb mevP b^i cv evwoi KvRjvK weePbv KiZ ne|
wkK h Kvb b^ii evwoi KvR w`Z cvib| Ze GZ cv b^iK 5 Gi
ga cv b^i icvi Ki iKW msiY KiZ ne| icvii ci fMvsk
b^i nj fMvsk b^i wnmve msiY KiZ ne|
16
14.1.3. Abymvbg~jK KvR
Abymvbg~jK KvRi gvag wkv_xi mgmv mgvavb `Zv Ges wPb `Zv
hvPvB Kiv ne| Abymvbg~jK KvRi Rb KqK Nv _K KqK w`bi
cqvRb nZ cvi| wkK welqwU wbaviY Ki `eb|
wbavwiZ avc AbymiY Ki Abymvbg~jK KvR mb KiZ ne| l _K Ag
kwY ch mgmv wPwZ Kiv, cwiKbv cYqb I Z_ msMni cheY Uzjm
/wmwWDj /ckgvjv cYqb wkK Ki w`eb| Z_ msMn Abymvb KvRi GKwU
gwjK ewk hv wkv_x wbRiv mb Kie| Z_ msMn hZ`~i me wkv_xi
cwievi, cwZekx Ges wbKU GjvKvq mxgve ivLZ ne| Z_ msMn wkv_xi
wbivcvi welqwU weePbvq ivLZ ne| Z_ msMn wkv_x hb weeZKi Aevq
bv co wkK Zv wbwZ Kieb| wevb welqmg~ni Rb Z_msMn MelYvMvi
cixYi gvag nZ cvi| Abymvbg~jK KvR ii mgM cwqv wKfve mb
KiZ ne wkK Zv eywSq w`eb|
cvBgvwi I mKvwi Drm nZ Z_ msMn Kiv hve| wkv_x Z_ weklYi
gvag djvdj cYqb Ges djvdji Dci gZvgZ w`e| mgM Kvhgi Dci
GKwU cwZe`b iPbv KiZ ne| cwZe`b mb KvRi eYbv _vKe|
cwZe`b cYqbi wb`kbv wkK w`eb| Abymvbg~jK KvR wkv_xiv
`jMZfve mb Kie| Ze Z_ weklY, djvdj cYqb, djvdji Dci
gZvgZ c`vb Ges wicvU cYqb wkv_x GKKfve mb Kie| G KvRi
g~jvqb ne GKK g~jvqb| beg I `kg kwYZ wkv_xiv wkKi b~bZg
mvnvh wbq Abymvbg~jK KvR mb Kie| wkK h Kvb b^ii Rb
Abymvbg~jK KvR w`Z cvib| Ze GZ cv b^iK 5 Gi ga cv b^i
icvi Ki iKW msiY KiZ ne| icvii ci fMvsk b^i nj fMvsk
b^i wnmve msiY KiZ ne|
14.1.4. kwY Afxv
cwZwU Aavq kl kwY Afxv bIqv ne| Ze AwaK b^icv Afxvi b^i
iKW ivLv ne| kwY Afxvi Dic wkv_xK `Lvevi ci diZ wbq
msiY Kiv ne| hme welq eenvwiK KvR AvQ Hme welq `ywU eenvwiK I
GKwU wjwLZ Afxvi iKW msiY Kiv ne| Abvb welq wZbwU wjwLZ
RvZxq wkvg 2012
Afxvi iKW ivLv ne| eenvwiK KvRi g~jvqbi gvb` kwYZ mvw`Z
eenvwiK KvRi Abyic ne| kwY Afxv wjwLZ ev eenvwiK ne| cwZwU kwY
Afxv ^ mgq bIqv ne| welqi Rb wbavwiZ Kvm wcwiqW bIqv ne|
wbavwiZ GK Kvm wcwiqWi AwZwi mgq bIqv hve bv| kwY Afxvi w`b
kwYi Abvb wcwiqWi ^vfvweK KvRKg h_vixwZ Pje|
15. AveMxq : g~jevai avivevwnK g~jvqb
wkvg wkv_xi ewK Dbqbi Dci iZ Avivc Kiv nqQ| GKRb
wkv_x ay gavex njB ne bv ZvK fvjv gvbylI nZ ne| fvjv gvbyli
Yvewj ARb KiZ ne| GKRb wkv_x fvjv gvbyl wKbv Zv RvbZ nj Zvi
AvPiY I `wfw g~jvqb KiZ ne| avivevwnK g~jvqbi gvag wkv_xi
ewK AvPiY I mvgvwRK g~jeva g~jvqb Kiv ne| we`vjq wkv_x`i
AvPiY I mvgvwRK g~jeva Kvbv GKwU NUbv ev Bmy w`q ZvrwYKfve
g~jvqb Kiv hvq bv| we`vjq wkv_x kwYi KvRi cvkvcvwk cwZwbqZ e
KgKv AskMnY Kie| Gjv njv `wbK mgvek, Ljvayjv I xov,
mvswZK Kvhg, wkv mdi I cwi`kb, RvZxq w`em D`hvcb, agxq Abyvb,
wevb gjv, MwYZ AwjwqvW, eqR vDUm, MvjmMvBW, weGbwmwm Ges
cwiek msiYi Kvhg BZvw`| wkv_x`i wewfb KgKvi ga w`q `xN
cheYi gvag Zv`i AvPiY I g~jeva mK GKwU wbfihvM g~jvqb
Avmv hvq| wkvg AveMxq i wkLbdj g~jvqbi AvIZvq Avbv nqQ|
G h Yvewj I g~jeva cwigvci AvIZvq Avbv nqQ mjv nj-
wbqgvbyewZZv, `kcg, bZZ, mZZv, kLjv, mnhvwMZv, mwq AskMnY,
mwnzZv, mPZbv I mgqvbyewZZv|
kwY wkK Abvb welq wkKi mv_ civgk Ki AveMxq i g~jvqb
Kieb I iKW msiY Kieb|
16. mvgwqK cixv I cvewjK cixv
RvZxq wkvg 2012 Gi wb`kbv Abymvi we`vjqi wkv el Qq gvmevcx
`ywU mvgwqK fvM Kiv ne| cwZ Qq gvm GK mvgwqK wnmve cwZ wkv eQi
`ywU mvgvwqK cixv AbywZ ne| cwZ mvgwqK cixv kl avivevwnK g~jvqb
cv b^iK GKwZ Ki `ywU mvgwqK cixvq cv b^i Ges avivevwnK
g~jvqb cv b^ii mg^q cwZ wkv_xi cieZx DPZi kwY ev Kvhg
DbxZ Kivi welq weePbv Kiv ne|
17
 mvgwqK Ges cvewjK cixvi ckc cYqb Ges Dic g~jvqb mRbkxj
ckcwZi wb`kbv Abymvi msMwVZ ne| wkv eli iZ welq wkK cavb
wkKi mv_ civgk Ki wkvg c` Aavqmg~nK `ywU mvgwqKi Rb
eb Kieb| we`vjqi Kvhw`emi cwigvYi Dci wfw Ki Aavqmg~nK
mvgwqK eb KiZ ne| c_g mvgwqK g~jvqbKZ Aavqmg~nK wZxq
mvgwqK g~jvqbi Rb eenvi Kiv hve bv| Ze Ag I `kg kwYi cvewjK
cixvi (JSC, SSC) Rb GB wb`kbv chvR bq| welq wkK m Abymvi cvV
Kvhg cwiPvjbv Kieb| mvgwqK kl Abyq cixv wkvg welq Ges
ci Rb eivKZ c~Y b^i ne| wkvg iciLvi welqKvVvgvq welqi
c~Yb^i `Iqv AvQ|
mRbkxj ckcwZi ckc `y&B aibi ck _vKe| GKwU nQ ewbevPwb ck
Ges AciwU nQ mRbkxj ck| ewbevPwb ckc wZb aibi ewbevPwb ck
_vKe| Gjv nQ mvaviY ewbevPwb ck, ec`x mgvwm~PK ewbevPwb ck
Ges Awfb Z_wfwK ewbevPwb ck| ewbevPwb ckc wPb `Zvi Pviii
ck AvbycvwZKnvi _vKe (vb i 40%, Abyaveb i 30%, cqvM i 20%
Ges DPZi `Zv 10%)| mKj AavqK cixvi AvIZvfz KiZ ne|
ckc cYqbi c~e wb`kK QK Zwi KiZ ne| cwZwU mRbkxj ck GKwU
DxcK _vKe Ges DxcKi mv_ 4wU ck _vKe| ck 4wU w`q wPb `Zvi
PviwU i (vb, Abyaveb, cqvM Ges DPZi `Zv) hvPvB Kiv ne| b^i c`vb
wb`wkKv AbymiY Ki Dic g~jvqb KiZ ne|

RvZxq wkvg 2012 18

1. RvZxq wkvg mg^q KwgwU 2. cdkbvj KwgwU
g bvg I c`we KwgwUZ c`we g bvg I c`we KwgwUZ c`we
1. W. Kvgvj Ave`yj bvmi Payix, mwPe, wkv gYvjq, evsjv`k mfvcwZ 1. cdmi gvt gvdv KvgvjDwb, Pqvigvb, RvZxq wkvg I mfvcwZ
mwPevjq,XvKv| cvVcyK evW, XvKv
2. DcvPvh, RvZxq wekwe`vjq, MvRxcyi| m`m 2. gnvcwiPvjK, gvawgK I DP wkv Awa`i, XvKv| m`m
3. W. KvRx LjxKzvgvb Avng`, Pqvigvb, evsjv`k Dbqb cwil` I m`m 3. gnvcwiPvjK, RvZxq wkv eevcbv GKvWgx, avbgw, XvKv| m`m
mfvcwZ, evsjv`k A_bxwZ mwgwZ
4. cwiPvjK, AvBBAvi, XvKv wekwe`vjq,XvKv| m`m
4. hyM-mwPe (gvawgK), wkv gYvjq, evsjv`k mwPevjq, XvKv m`m
5. gnvcwiPvjK, evsjv GKvWgx, XvKv| m`m
5. gnvcwiPvjK, gvawgK I DPwkv Awa`i, XvKv m`m
6. gnvcwiPvjK, BmjvwgK dvDkb, XvKv| m`m
6. gnvcwiPvjK, RvZxq wkv eevcbv GKvWgx, avbgw, XvKv m`m
7. Rbve gbRyij Avnmvb eyjeyj, cavb mv`K, ekvLx m`m
7. gnvcwiPvjK, evsjv`k KvwiMwi wkv Awa`i, AvMviMuvI, XvKv m`m Uwjwfwkb wjwgUW, XvKv|
8. cwiPvjK, AvBBAvi, XvKv wekwe`vjq, XvKv m`m 8. cK cwiPvjK, GmBGmwWwc, gvawgK I DP wkv Awa`i, m`m
9. cdmi gvt gvdv KvgvjDwb, Pqvigvb, RvZxq wkvg I m`m wkv feb, XvKv|
cvVcyK evW, XvKv 9. Pqvigvb, gvawgK I DP gvawgK wkv evW, XvKv I m`m
10. Pqvigvb, gvawgK I DPgvawgK wkvevW , XvKv m`m mfvcwZ, evsjv`k Avt evW mg^q mve KwgwU
11. Pqvigvb, evsjv`k KvwiMwi wkv evW, XvKv m`m 10. Pqvigvb, evsjv`k gv`&ivmv wkv evW, XvKv| m`m
12. Pqvigvb, evsjv`k gv`&ivmv wkv evW, XvKv m`m 11. Pqvigvb, evsjv`k KvwiMwi wkv evW, XvKv| m`m
13. m`m (wkvg), RvZxq wkvg I cvVcyK evW, XvKv m`m 12. AavcK Avyjvn Avey mvqx`, cwiPvjK, wekmvwnZ K`, XvKv| m`m
14. cdmi W. gynv` Rvdi BKevj, wefvMxq cavb, KwDUvi mvq m`m 13. W. gvt wQwKzi ingvb, civgkK, GmBGmwWwc, gvawgK I DPwkv m`m
G Bwwbqvwis wefvM, kvnRvjvj wevb I chyw wekwe`vjq, wmjU Awa`i, XvKv
15. W. gvt wQwKzi ingvb, cvb AavcK I cwiPvjK, wkv I m`m AavcK Kwdj Dxb Avng`, civgkK, cv_wgK wkvg DBs, m`m
14.
MelYv BbwwUDU, XvKv wekwe`vjq, XvKv| GbwmwUwe, XvKv
16. AavcK W. gvt AvLZvivgvb, Bmjvgi BwZnvm wefvM, XvKv m`m cdmi gynv` Avjx, cvb m`m, wkvg, GbwmwUwe,XvKv| m`m
15.
wekwe`vjq, XvKv (evmv-mK- gwfm 8g Zjv (cwg), 6/9, eK-wm, jvjgvwUqv,
17. AavcK kvnxb gvn&eyev Kexi, BsiwR wefvM, RvnvxibMi m`m XvKv-1207|
wekwe`vjq, mvfvi, XvKv Wxb, Pviy I KviyKjv Abyl`, XvKv wekwe`vjq, XvKv m`m
16.
18. m`m (cv_wgK wkvg), RvZxq wkvg I cvVcyK evW, XvKv m`m
17. cdmi mvjgv AvLZvi, AvBBAvi, XvKv wekwe`vjq, XvKv m`m
19. m`m (cvVcyK), RvZxq wkvg I cvVcyK evW, XvKv m`m
18. Aa, wkK cwkY KjR, XvKv m`m
20. cK cwiPvjK, GmBGmwWwc,gvawgK I DP wkv Awa`i, wkv m`m
19. m`m (wkvg), RvZxq wkvg I cvVcyK evW, XvKv m`m
feb, XvKv
21. Dc mwPe (gvawgK), wkv gYvjq, evsjv`k mwPevjq, XvKv m`m 20. cavb wkK, MebgU jveiUwi nvB zj, avbgw, XvKv m`m
21. Rbve gvkZvK Avng` f~uBqv, weZiY wbqK, GbwmwUwe, XvKv m`m-mwPe
RvZxq wkvg 2012 19
 3. UKwbKvj KwgwU 4. fwUs KwgwU
g bvg I c`we KwgwUZ c`we g bvg I c`we KwgwUZ c`we
1. cdmi gvt Ave`yyj Revi AvnevqK 1. evsjv 1. AavcK Ave`yjvn Avey mvqx`, cwiPvjK, wek mvwnZ K`,
cvb cwiPvjK, bvqg, XvKv| XvKv
(evwo bs-7, moK bs-11, mi bs-4, Div gWj UvDb, XvKv-1230) 2. cdmi b~iRvnvb eMg, Aa, miKvwi wevb KjR, XvKv
2. AavcK W. Avey nvwg` jwZd m`m 2. BsiwR 1. cdmi Ave`ym myenvb, cvb gnvcwiPvjK, cv_wgK wkv
mycvi wbDgvwi AavcK, AvBBAvi, XvKv wekwe`vjq, XvKv Awa`i, XvKv
3. cdmi Ave`ym myenvb m`m (wm-8, evmv bs-52, ivW bs-6/G, avbgw AvevwmK GjvKv,
XvKv)
cvb gnvcwiPvjK, cv_wgK wkv Awa`i
(wm-8, evmv bs-52, ivW bs-6/G, avbgw AvevwmK GjvKv, 2. cdmi gvt kvgmyj nK, cvb Wxb, evsjv`k Dby
XvKv|) wekwe`vjq, MvRxcyi (evmv bs-25, GvcvUgU-we-5, ivW
bs 68G, jkvb-2, XvKv-1212)
4. AavcK W. Mvjvg imyj wgqv m`m
3. MwYZ 1. cdmi W. gvt Avyj gwZb, MwYZ wefvM, XvKv wekwe`vjq, XvKv
cvb Aa, wUPvm Uwbs KjR, XvKv
2. cdmi W. gvt Avym Qvgv`, MwYZ wefvM, XvKv
(evmv bs-47, ivW bs-02, mi-09, Div gWj UvDb, XvKv- wekwe`vjq, XvKv
1230|)
4. wevb 1. cdmi W. gvt AvwRRyi ingvb, c`v_wevb wefvM, XvKv
5. W. gvt wQwKzi ingvb m`m wekwe`vjq, XvKv
civgkK 2. Rbve gvnv` b~i Avjg wmwKx, mnhvMx AavcK,
GmBGmwWwc, gvawgK I DPwkv Awa`i, wkv feb, XvKv AvBBAvi, XvKv wekwe`vjq, XvKv
6. cdmi W. gvt bvRgyj Kwei Payix m`m 5. evsjv`k I 1. cdmi W. nvib Di iwk`, ivwevb wefvM, XvKv
eevcbv wefvM, XvKv wekwe`vjq, XvKv wekcwiPq wekwe`vjq, XvKv
7. W. Avyj gvjK m`m 2. W. mq` nvwdRyi ingvb, mnhvMx AavcK, cwiek wevb
AavcK, AvBBAvi, XvKv wekwe`vjq, XvKv wefvM, RvnvxibMi wekwe`vjq, mvfvi, XvKv
8. Rbve gvnv` RvwKi nvmb m`m 6. Z_ I 1. cdmi W. gynv` Rvdi BKevj, KwDUvi mvq G
wkvg wekl hvMvhvM Bwwbqvwis wefvM, kvn&Rvjvj wevb I chyw wekwe`vjq,
GmBGmwWwc, GbwmwUwe, XvKv| chyw wmjU
9. Rbve kvnxbviv eMg m`m 2. Rbve gvt mwdDj Avjg Lvb, mnKvix AavcK, Z_ chyw
BwUwUDU, XvKv wekwe`vjq, XvKv
wekl, GbwmwUwe, XvKv
7. cwiek 1. cdmi W. G Gm Gg gvKmy` Kvgvj, f~Z wefvM, XvKv
10. Rbve gvt gvLjm Di ingvb m`m
cwiwPwZ wekwe`vjq, XvKv
wekl, GbwmwUwe, XvKv
2. cdmi W. gvt LexiDxb, cwiek wevb wefvM,
11. Rbve gvt dinv`yj Bmjvg m`m-mwPe RvnvxibMi wekwe`vjq, mvfvi, XvKv
EaZb wekl, GbwmwUwe, XvKv
RvZxq wkvg 2012 20
5. wkvg Dbqb KwgwU

welq: evsjv kwY: l-Ag welq : evsjv kwY: beg-`kg

g bvg I c`we KwgwUZ c`we g bvg I c`we KwgwUZ c`we
1 W. gvneyeyj nK AvnevqK 1 W. gvneyeyj nK AvnevqK
AavcK, evsjv wefvM, PUMvg wekwe`vjq, PUMvg| AavcK, evsjv wefvM, PUMvg wekwe`vjq, PUMvg|
2 cdmi wbib AwaKvix m`m 2 cdmi wbib AwaKvix m`m
AavcK, msZ wefvM, XvKv wekwe`jq, XvKv| AavcK, msZ wefvM, XvKv wekwe`jq, XvKv|
3 W. wekwRr Nvl m`m 3 W. wekwRr Nvl m`m
AavcK, evsjv wefvM, XvKv wekwe`vjq, XvKv| AavcK, evsjv wefvM, XvKv wekwe`vjq, XvKv|
4 W. iwdKyjvn Lvb m`m 4 W. mq` AvwRRyj nK m`m
AavcK, evsjv wefvM, XvKv wekwe`vjq, XvKv| AavcK, evsjv wefvM, XvKv wekwe`vjq, XvKv|
5 W. mq` AvwRRyj nK m`m cdmi kvgjx AvKei m`m
5
AavcK, evsjv wefvM, XvKv wekwe`vjq, XvKv| AavcK, AvB.B.Avi, XvKv wekwe`vjq, XvKv|
6 cdmi kvgjx AvKei m`m W. mwg kLi m`m
6
AavcK, AvB.B.Avi, XvKv wekwe`vjq, XvKv| AavcK, evsjv wefvM, XvKv wekwe`vjq, XvKv|
7 W. mwg kLi m`m W. kvqvBe wReivb m`m
7
AavcK, evsjv wefvM, XvKv wekwe`vjq, XvKv| mnhvMx AavcK, evsjv`k Dby wekwe`vjq, MvRxcyi|
8 Rbve iZb wmwKx m`m W. wgRvbyi ingvb Lvb m`m
8
mnhvMx AavcK, wekl fvicv KgKZv, gvDwk, XvKv| mnhvMx AavcK, evsjv wefvM, ivRkvnx wekwe`vjq, ivRkvnx|
9 W. kvqvBe wReivb m`m Rbve kvgxg Rvnvb Avnmvb m`m
9
mnhvMx AavcK, evsjv`k Dby wekwe`vjq, MvRxcyi| mnKvix cavb wkK (Ae.) wfKvibwbmv b~b yj G KjR, XvKv|
10 Rbve kvgxg Rvnvb Avnmvb m`m (229, ga evmvev, XvKv 1214|)
mnKvix cavb wkK (Ae.) wfKvibwbmv b~b yj G KjR, XvKv| 10 W. miKvi Avyj gvbvb m`m
(229, ga evmvev, XvKv 1214|) cavb mv`K, GbwmwUwe, XvKv|
W. miKvi Avyj gvbvb mg^qKvix 11 Rbve cxwZk Kzgvi miKvi m`m
11
cavb mv`K, GbwmwUwe, XvKv| EaZb wekl, GbwmwUwe, XvKv|
12 Rbve gvt gwZDi ingvb mg^qKvix
KvwiKzjvg wekl, GmBGmwWwc, GbwmwUwe, XvKv|

RvZxq wkvg 2012 21

 6. mvweK mg^q KwgwU
g bvg I c`we KwgwUZ c`we
1. Rbve gvnv` RvwKi nvmb mvweK
KvwiKzjvg wekl I GmBGmwWwc dvKvj cqU mg^qKvix
KvwiKzjvg WfjcgU BDwbU
RvZxq wkvg I cvVcyK evW, XvKv|
2. Rbve gvkZvK Avng` fu~Bqv mvweK
weZiY wbqK mg^qKvix
RvZxq wkvg I cvVcyK evW, XvKv|

RvZxq wkvg 2012 22

 wkvg
evsjv
l-Ag kwY

RvZxq wkvg 2012 23

 1. f~wgKv

gnvb gywhyi fZi w`q AwRZ ^vaxb mvefg evsjv`k evsjv ivfvlvi c~Y ghv`vq cwZwZ| G `ki msLvMwi gvbyli gvZfvlv evsjv| G fvlvi m iqQ gnvb fvlv
Av`vjbi Awebvkx PZbv| ZvB RvZxq Rxebi me G fvlvi cqvM I Aevb `p Kiv `iKvi| Avgv`i `bw`b Rxebhvvq, fve-wewbgq, Kgmv`b I hvMvhvMi
gvag wnme evsjv fvlvi f~wgKv Acwinvh| wkv_xi gvbm-weKvk, ewZ ARb Ges mvgvwRK, ewkK PZbvmb cwikxwjZ mswZevb bvMwiK wnme Mo IVvi cQbI cwgZ
evsjv fvlvq `Zv ARbi iZ Acwimxg| Avgv`i `k wkvi gvag Ges cVbxq welq wnme evsjv fvlv K`xq Aevb iqQ| G fvlvq `Zv ARbi Ici Abvb welq
wkv_xi cvi`wkZv I `Zv ejvsk wbfikxj| G Rb wkvi wewfb i evsjv fvlv wkLb-kLvbv cwqv mycwiKwZ I h_vh_ nIqv cqvRb|

cv_wgK wkvi i wkv_x evsjv fvlvq hZUyKz `Zv ARb KiQ ZvK AMmi Ki bIqvi l _K Ag kwYi wkviwU wekl iZc~Y| G i mvwnZi gvag Rxeb I
RMZi wewP welq ZvK AvMnx I KZ~njx Ki Zvjv, `bw`b Rxebi wewfb cwiek-cwiwwZZ ^Q` fvewewbgq I hvMvhvMi cvi`wkZv ARb, fvecKvki DchvMx
kfvvi ew, mvwnZi bvbv ickwYi m cwiwPwZ jvfi gvag wkv_xi ga Kbvkw I mRbkxjZvi weKvk, ewPgq cvVi gvag gvbweK g~jeva ARbK evsjv wkvg
wekl iZ `Iqv nqQ| evsjv fvlv wkvi c~eZb wkvg jLv `Zvi Ici g~jZ iZ `Iqv nqwQj| `Lv, kvbv, cov, ejv mwKZ wqvKjvc h_vh_ iZ
cvq wb| eZgvb wkvg cuvPwU `Zv ARbi Rb AskMnYg~jK Abykxjbmn wewfb myhvM ivLv nqQ| cvkvcvwk yjwfwK g~jvqbi cwZI weklfve iZ Avivc Kiv nqQ|
fvlv wkvi cvwK hvMZv ARbi gvag wkv_x hb AwaKZi cvV AvMnx nq Ges cieZx wkvg AskMnYi DchvMx nq IV m-w`KUvI GLvb wekl iZ cqQ| fvlvi
Ab PviwU `Zvi m `Lv `ZvKI weePbvq Avbv nqQ|

cvVm~wP hb evSv bv nq `uvovq Zv weePbvq wbq evsjv wkvgK h_vme AvKlYxq, mwq AskMnYg~jK, cvqvwMK I cwiwgZ Kivi cPv bIqv nqQ| Z_chywi G hyM
wkLb wkYi bZyb bZyb cwZ I Kkj G wekl iZ cqQ|

RvZxq wkvg 2012 24

 2. Dk
1. evsjv fvlvi iZ, Zvrch I gwngv mK AewnZ nIqv|
2. fvlv wkvi PviwU `Zv (kvbv, ejv, cov, jLv) ARb|
3. wewfb welq kvbvi hvMZv ARb|
4. fvlvi gwLK cKvkfw Ges wewfb cKvi cvV I cwgZ DPviY `Zv ARb|
5. fvlvi jwLK cKvkfwi gvbvbqb, jLvi webvm I ixwZ Ges cwgZ evbvb `Zv ARb|
6. fvlvi wewfb Dcv`vb kbv Kivi hvMZv ARb|
7. fvlvi wbqg-kLjv wkLb I Gi AwbwnZ kw I m`h mcK AewnZ nIqv|
8. kfvvi ewZ DrmvwnZ nIqv Ges myz evK MVb I webvmi hvMZv ARb|
9. evsjv fvlvi mvay I PwjZ ixwZ Ges wewfb aibi iPbvkjxi mv_ cwiwPZ nIqv|
10. hvMvhvMi gvag wnme AwaKZi cvqvwMK I KggyLx fvlv-`Zv ARb|
11. cvVvfvm AvMnx nIqv, cwVZ welqi gg Abyaveb Ges wPb`Zv I imMnYi hvMZv ARb|
12. evsjv mvwnZi wewfb ickwYi mv_ cwiwPwZ jvf Ges im Av^v`b mg_ nIqv|
13. wewfb cwiek I cwiwwZZ wkv_xi vbvZK I AvewMK Abyf~wZ cKvki hvMZv ARb|
14. Abymwrmv, Kbvkw I mRbkxjZvi weKvk AbycvwYZ nIqv|
15. bwZK, mvgvwRK I gvbweK Yvewj ARb Ges Rxecg Dy nIqv|
16. `kcg, RvZxqZveva, fvlv Av`vjb I gywhyi PZbv Ges Amv`vwqK gbvfve, cigZmwnzZv I MYZvwK g~jeva DxweZ nIqv|
17. evsjvi mswZ, jvKmswZ I wk-mvwnZ mcK mvaviY aviYv Ges `k I RvwZi BwZnvm-HwZn mcK BwZevPK gbvfve ARb|
18. Av_-mvgvwRK kwY-ckv I bvix-cyiyl wbwekl mKji cwZ mse`bkxjZv I mgghv`vi gbvfve ARb|
19. wk I bvixi cwZ mse`bkxj Ges bvixi Kg I Ae`vbi cwZ kvkxj nIqv|
20. z` bMvx, wekl kwY I z` ckvMvx mcK AvMnx I kvkxj nIqv|
21. wekl Pvwn`vmcb gvbyli cwZ ggZ I mngwgZvevai RvMiY|
22. cwiek-PZbv ARb Ges wevbgb I hywkxj nIqv|
23. wewfb `k I mswZ mcK AvMnx I kvkxj nIqv|

RvZxq wkvg 2012 25

 3. cvwK wkLbdj
1. evsjv fvlvi iZ, Zvrch I gwngv e KiZ cvie|
2. kwZMvn wewfb welq eYbv I evLv KiZ cvie|
3. wkv_x wewfb cwiek I cwiwwZZ b I co cwgZ DPviY K_v ejZ cvie|
4. DPviY ewk Abymvi wewfb cKvi cvV-Abykxjb KiZ cvie|
5. , my`i I cwgZ evbvb mvejxjfve wjLZ cvie|
6. fvlvi wewfb Dcv`vb kbv KiZ I mjvi cwiPq w`Z cvie|
7. fvlvi wbqgkLjv Dcvcb KiZ cvie|
8. bZyb bZyb k b I co cqvM KiZ cvie|
9. evK MVb KiZ I h_vh_ webvm cqvM KiZ cvie|
10. evsjv fvlvi mvay I PwjZ ixwZi ewk wbicY KiZ Ges cwgZ PwjZ ixwZ cqvM KiZ cvie|
11. wewfb aibi evPbkjx Ges iPbvkjxi ewk I cKwZ Dcvcb KiZ cvie|
12. hvMvhvM-gvag wnme wewfb cwiek I cwiwwZZ fvlv eenvi KiZ cvie|
13. cvVcyK-ewnf~Z cwVZ welq Dcvcb KiZ cvie|
14. cwVZ welqi gg Abyaveb Ki ^Kxq wPvi cKvk NUvZ cvie|
15. evsjv mvwnZi wewfb ickwYi cwiPq Zyj aiZ Ges im Dcjw Ki m`h evLv KiZ cvie|
16. wewfb cwiek I cwiwwZZ wkv_x vbvZK I AvewMK Abyf~wZ cKvk KiZ cvie|
17. Abymwrmv, Kbvkw I mRbkxjZvi cKvk NUvZ cvie|
18. bwZK, mvgvwRK I gvbweK Yvewji cwiPq w`Z cvie|
19. RxeRMZi cwZ ggZi cwiPq w`Z cvie|
20. `kcg, RvZxqZveva, fvlv Av`vjb I gywhyi PZbv Ges Amvc`vwqK gbvfve, cigZmwnzZv I MYZvwK g~jevai cwiPq Zyj aiZ
cvie|

RvZxq wkvg 2012 26

 21. evsjvi mswZ, jvKmswZ I wk-mvwnZi mvaviY cwiPq w`Z I BwZevPK gbvfve cKvk KiZ cvie|
22. `k I RvwZi BwZnvm HwZn mcK BwZevPK gbvfve cKvk KiZ cvie|
23. Av_-mvgvwRK kwY-ckv I bvix-cyil wbwekl mKji cwZ mse`bkxjZv I mgghv`vi gbvfve cKvk KiZ cvie|
24. wki cwZ mse`bkxj gbvfve cKvk KiZ cvie|
25. bvix I bvixi Kgi cwZ kv cKvk KiZ cvie|
26. z` bMvx, wekl kwY, z` ckvMvx mK kvi cwiPq w`Z cvie|
27. wekl Pvwn`vmcb gvbyli cwZ ggZ I mngwgZvi cwiPq w`Z cvie|
28. cwiek PZbvi cwiPq w`Z cvie|
29. wewfb `ki mswZi cwiPq w`Z cvie|
30. Rxebi me wevbgbZvi cwiPq w`Z cvie|

RvZxq wkvg 2012 27

 4. `Zv

4.1 kvbv

1. kwZMvn wewfb welq eYbv I evLv KiZ cvie|

2. wewfb cwiek I cwiwwZZ b cwgZ DPviY Zv e KiZ cvie|
3. DPviY ewk Abymvi wewfb cKvi cvV-Abykxjb KiZ cvie|
4. fvlvi wewfb Dcv`vb (awb, k, evK) b mvaviY cwiPq w`Z cvie|
5. bZyb bZyb k b cqvM KiZ cvie|
6. wewfb hvMvhvM gvag eenvi Ki kvbvi `Zvi cKvk NUvZ cvie|
7. mvwnZi wewfb kwZMvn ici (Avew, bvUK BZvw`) m cwiwPZ nq Abyf~wZ cKvk KiZ cvie|
8. gvbyli `ytL-`y`kv I gni Kvwnwb b Abyf~wZ cKvk KiZ cvie|
9. `kcgg~jK wewfb fvlY, AvjvPbv, msMxZ cfwZ kyb `kvZevai Abyf~wZ cKvk KiZ cvie|
10. kwZMvn wewfb mvswZK jvKmvswZK Abyvb DcfvM Ki Abyf~wZ e KiZ cvie|
11. gywhyi Kvwnwb b Abyf~wZ e KiZ cvie|
12. z` bMvx, wekl kwY, z` ckvMvx mK b BwZevPK gbvfve cKvk KiZ cvie|
13. cvKwZK `yhvM I cwiek wechqi K_v b cwiek msiYi j AwfgZ e KiZ cvie|

4.2 ejv
1. evsjv fvlvi iZ, Zvrch I gwngv e KiZ cvie|
2. kwZMvn wewfb welq eYbv I evLv KiZ cvie|
3. wkv_x wewfb cwiek I cwiwwZZ cwgZ DPviY K_v ejZ cvie|
4. DPviYewk Abymvi wewfb cKvi cvV-Abykxjb KiZ cvie|
5. fvlvi wewfb Dcv`vbi cwiPq w`Z cvie|
6. fvlvi wbqg-kLjv Dcvcb KiZ cvie|
7. bZyb bZyb k cqvM Ki K_v ejZ cvie|
8. evK MVb KiZ I h_vh_ webvm cqvM KiZ cvie|
9. evsjv fvlvi mvay I PwjZ ixwZi ewki cwiPq w`Z cvie|
10. cwgZ PwjZ ixwZ cqvM KiZ cvie|
11. wewfb aibi evPbkjx Dcvcb KiZ cvie|

RvZxq wkvg 2012 28

 12. hvMvhvM gvag wnme wewfb cwiek I cwiwwZZ fvlv eenvi KiZ cvie|
13. eywewK I AvewMK fve cKvki DchvMx fvlv eenvi KiZ cvie|
14. cvVcyK-ewnf~Z cwVZ welq Dcvcb KiZ cvie|
15. cwVZ welqi gg Abyaveb Ki ^Kxq wPvi cKvk NUvZ cvie|
16. evsjv mvwnZi wewfb ickwYi cwiPq Zyj aiZ Ges im Dcjw Ki m`h evLv KiZ cvie|
17. wewfb cwiek I cwiwwZZ wkv_x vbvZK I AvewMK Abyf~wZ cKvk KiZ cvie|
18. Abymwrmv, Kbvkw I mRbkxjZvi cKvk NUvZ cvie|
19. bwZK, mvgvwRK I gvbweK Yvewji cwiPq w`Z cvie|
20. RxeRMZi cwZ ggZi cwiPq w`Z cvie|
21. `kcg , RvZxqZveva, fvlv Av`vjb I gywhyi PZbv Ges Amvc`vwqK gbvfve, cigZmwnzZv I MYZvwK g~jevai cwiPq Zyj aiZ cvie|
22. evsjvi mswZ, jvKmswZ I wk-mvwnZ mK mvaviY cwiPq w`Z cvie|
23. `k I RvwZi BwZnvm I HwZn mK BwZevPK gbvfve cKvk KiZ cvie|
24. Av_-mvgvwRK kwY-ckv I bvix-cyil wbwekl mKji cwZ mse`bkxjZv I mgghv`vi gbvfve cKvk KiZ cvie|
25. wki cwZ mse`bkxj gbvfve cKvk KiZ cvie|
26. bvix I bvixi Kgi cwZ kv cKvk KiZ cvie|
27. z` bMvx, wekl kwY, z` ckvMvx mK kvi cwiPq w`Z cvie|
28. wekl Pvwn`vmb gvbyli cwZ ggZ I mngwgZvi cwiPq w`Z cvie|
29. cwiek PZbvi cwiPq w`Z cvie|
30. wewfb `ki mswZi cwiPq Zzj aiZ cvie|
31. Rxebi me wevbgbZvi cwiPq w`Z cvie|

RvZxq wkvg 2012 29

 4.3 cov
1. evsjv fvlvi iZ I Zvrch mK co gwngv e KiZ cvie|
2. DPviY ewk Abymvi wewfb cKvi cvV-Abykxjb KiZ cvie|
3. fvlvi wewfb Dcv`vb mK cvV Ki mjvi cwiPq w`Z cvie|
4. fvlvi wbqg-kLjv ixwZ cwZ cvV Ki Dcvcb KiZ cvie|
5. bZyb bZyb k co cqvM KiZ cvie|
6. evK MVbixwZ cvV Ki cqvM KiZ cvie|
7. evsjv fvlvi mvay I PwjZ ixwZi ewk co cv_K wbicY KiZ Ges cwgZ PwjZ ixwZ cqvM KiZ cvie|
8. hvMvhvM gvag eenvi Ki covi `Zvi cKvk NUvZ cvie|
9. cvVcyK -ewnf~Z cwVZ welq Dcvcb KiZ cvie|
10. cwVZ welqi gg Abyaveb Ki ^Kxq wPvi cKvk NUvZ cvie|
11. evsjv mvwnZi wewfb ickwY cvV Ki Zvi cwiPq Zyj aiZ Ges m`h evLv KiZ cvie|
12. wewfb welq cvV Ki Abymwrmv, Kbvkw I mRbkxjZvi cKvk NUvZ cvie|
13. bwZK, mvgvwRK I gvbweK Yvewji welq cvV Ki Zvi cwiPq w`Z cvie|
14. RxeRMr mK co Zv`i cwZ ggZi cwiPq w`Z cvie|
15. `kcg, RvZxqZveva, fvlv Av`vjb I gywhyi PZbv, Amvc`vwqK gbvfve, cigZmwnzZv I MYZvwK g~jevamsv cvVi AbymiY wbRi Abyf~wZ e
KiZ cvie|
16. evsjvi mswZ, jvKmswZ I wk-mvwnZ mK co mvaviY cwiPq w`Z cvie|
17. `k I RvwZi BwZnvm I HwZn mK co BwZevPK gbvfve cKvk KiZ cvie|
18. Av_-mvgvwRK kwY-ckv I bvix-cyili Rxebhvv mK cvV Ki Zv`i cwZ mse`bkxjZv I mgghv`vi gbvfve cKvk KiZ cvie|
19. wk-mwKZ welq cvV Ki Zv`i cwZ mse`bkxj AvPiYi cKvk NUvZ cvie|
20. bvix Ges bvixi Kg I Ae`vb-mwKZ iPbv cvV Ki Zv`i cwZ kvkxj AvPiY KiZ cvie|
21. z` bMvx, wekl kwY, z` ckvMvx mK co kvi cwiPq w`Z cvie|
22. wekl Pvwn`vmb gvbyli mgmv co ggZ I mngwgZvi cwiPq w`Z cvie|
23. cwiek PZbvwelqK iPbv co cwiek mPZbZvi cwiPq w`Z cvie|
24. wewfb `ki mswZ mK co mjvi eYbv w`Z cvie|
25. Z_ I hywwfwK iPbv cvV Ki wevbgbZvi cwiPq Zzj aiZ cvie|

RvZxq wkvg 2012 30

 4.4 jLv
1. evsjv fvlvi iZ I Zvrch wjL cKvk KiZ cvie|
2. kwZMvn wewfb welq eYbv I evLv KiZ cvie|
3. , my`i I mvejxjfve wjLZ cvie|
4. fvlvi wbqg-kLjv Dcvcb KiZ cvie|
5. bZyb bZyb k cqvM KiZ cvie|
6. evK MVb KiZ I h_vh_ webvm cqvM KiZ cvie|
7. evsjv fvlvi mvay I PwjZ ixwZi ewk eYbv KiZ I cwgZ PwjZ ixwZZ wjLZ cvie|
8. wewfb aibi iPbvkjx Dcvcb KiZ cvie|
9. hvMvhvM gvag wnme wewfb cwiek I cwiwwZZ fvlv eenvi KiZ cvie|
10. eywewK I AvewMK fve cKvki DchvMx fvlv eenvi KiZ cvie|
11. cvVcyK -ewnf~Z cvVi welq Dcvcb KiZ cvie|
12. cwVZ welqi gg Abyaveb Ki ^Kxq wPvi cKvk NUvZ cvie|
13. evsjv mvwnZi wewfb ickwYi cwiPq Zyj aiZ Ges m`h evLv KiZ cvie|
14. wewfb cwiek I cwiwwZZ wkv_x vbvZK I AvewMK Abyf~wZ cKvk KiZ cvie|
15. Abymwrmv, Kbvkw I mRbkxjZvi cKvk NUvZ cvie|
16. bwZK, mvgvwRK I gvbweK Yvewji cwiPq w`Z cvie|
17. RxeRMZi cwZ ggZi cwiPq wjL cKvk KiZ cvie|
18. `kcg, RvZxqZveva, fvlv Av`vjb I gywhyi PZbv Ges Amvc`vwqK gbvfve, cigZmwnzZv I MYZvwK g~jevai Abyf~wZ wjwLZfve cKvk KiZ cvie|
19. evsjvi mswZ, jvKmswZ I wk-mvwnZ mK mvaviY cwiPq w`Z cvie|
20. `k I RvwZi BwZnvm I HwZn mK BwZevPK gbvfve wjL cKvk KiZ cvie|
21. Av_-mvgvwRK kwY-ckv I bvix-cyil wbwekl mKji cwZ mse`bkxjZv I mgghv`vi gbvfve cKvk KiZ cvie|
22. wki cwZ mse`bkxj gbvfve cKvk KiZ cvie|
23. bvix Ges bvixi Kg I Ae`vbi cwZ kvc~Y gbvfve wjL cKvk KiZ cvie|
24. z` bMvx, wekl kwY, z` ckvMvx mK kvi cwiPq w`Z cvie|
25. wekl Pvwn`vmb gvbyli cwZ ggZ I mngwgZvi cwiPq w`Z cvie|
26. cwiek PZbv I msiYi welqwU wjL cKvk KiZ cvie|
27. wewfb `ki mswZi wjwLZ eYbv w`Z cvie|
28. Z_ I wevbwfwK iPbvmn wewfb welqi jLvq wevbgbZvi cwiPq w`Z cvie|
RvZxq wkvg 2012 31
5. cvwK wkLbdji kwYwfwK wefvRb
g l
1 evsjv fvlvi iZ e KiZ cvie|
2 wewfb fvlY I AvjvPbv b Abyf~wZ
cKvk KiZ cvie|
3 cwgZ evsjv DPviY b Zv cqvM KiZ
cvie|
4 cwgZ DPviY cvV KiZ cvie
5 cwgZ evsjv evbvbi mvaviY wbqg DjL
KiZ cvie|
my`i nvi wjLZ cvie|
6 evsjv fvlvi awb, awbi cKvif` DjL
KiZ cvie|
evsjv fvlvi k, ki MVb-cYvjx
DjL KiZ cvie|
evsjv evKi ewk DjL KiZ cvie| evKi MVbMZ kwYwefvM DjL KiZ Ges evK
RvZxq wkvg 2012
mg
evsjv fvlvi cqvRbxqZv I Zvrch evLv KiZ
cvie|
wewfb fvlY, AvjvPbv, wb`kbv I weZK b
evLv KiZ cvie|
cwgZ evsjv DPviYi mvaviY KqKwU wbqg
cqvM KiZ cvie|
fve Abyhvqx cwgZ DPviY cvV KiZ cvie|
cwgZ evsjv evbvbi mvaviY wbqg DjL I cqvM
KiZ cvie|
cvq h_vh_ gvwRb Ges k, evK BZvw`i ga
h_vh_ eeavb iv Ki my`i I nvi
wjLZ cvie|
evsjv fvlvi awb, awbi cKvif` Ges Zvi
ewk DjL KiZ cvie|
evsjv fvlvi k, ki cKvif` I A_MZ
kwYwefvM DjL I cqvM KiZ cvie|
A_ Abymvi evKi cKvif` wPwZ
cwieZb KiZ cvie|
Ag cvwK wkLbdj
evsjv fvlvi ewk, Zvrch I gwngv evsjv fvlvi iZ, Zvrch I gwngv
weklY KiZ cvie| e KiZ cvie|
mvwnZi wewfb kwZMvn ici (Avew, kwZMvn wewfb welq eYbv I evLv
bvUK, msMxZ BZvw`) m cwiwPZ nq KiZ cvie|
wePvi-weklY I AwfgZ e KiZ
cvie|
evPbKjvq cvi`wkZv c`kb KiZ cvie| wkv_x wewfb cwiek I
cwiwwZZ b I co cwgZ
DPviY K_v ejZ cvie|
wewfb cwgZ DPviYewk cqvM DPviYewk Abymvi wewfb cKvi
KiZ cvie| cvV-Abykxjb KiZ cvie|
cwgZ evsjv evbvbi mvaviY wbqg DjL , my`i I cwgZ evbvb
Ges mvejxjfve cqvM KiZ cvie| mvejxjfve wjLZ cvie|
cvq h_vh_ gvwRb Ges k, evK
BZvw`i ga h_vh_ eeavb iv Ki
my`i I nvi `Z wjLZ cvie|
evsjv fvlvi awb, awbi cKvif` Ges fvlvi wewfb Dcv`vb kbv KiZ
Zvi ewk DjL I cqvM KiZ cvie| I mjvi cwiPq w`Z cvie|
evsjv fvlvi k, ki Drm, ki wewk
eenvi I evM_ DjL I cqvM KiZ
cvie|
KiZ I wewfbv_K evK
MVb KiZ cvie|
32
g l
7 weivgwP wPwZ I cqvM KiZ cvie
[weewZ, ck I weqm~PK evK]
8 l kwYi evsjv eB _K bZzb bZyb k
wPwZ I cqvM KiZ cvie|
9 evK MVb I cqvM KiZ cvie
(mij I RwUj evK)
10 evsjv fvlvi PwjZ ixwZi ewk wbicY
KiZ cvie|
evsjv fvlvi PwjZ ixwZi mvwnZ coZ
cvie|
cwgZ PwjZ ixwZ cqvM KiZ cvie|
11 cvV I Avewi ga cv_K wbYq KiZ
cvie|
12 cvwievwiK I ewMZ Rxeb hvMvhvM
KiZ I cvwievwiK cwigj Z_ Av`vb
c`vb KiZ cvie|
ewMZ wPwV wjLZ I coZ cvie|
13 cvVcyK-ewnf~Z cvVi welq Dcvcb
KiZ cvie|
14 cwVZ welq-msv vb I aviYv e
KiZ cvie|
RvZxq wkvg 2012
mg Ag cvwK wkLbdj
weivgwP wPwZ I cqvM KiZ cvie [Kgv I weivgwP wPwZ I cqvM KiZ cvie fvlvi wbqgkLjv Dcvcb KiZ
Ea Kgv]| [Kgv, mwgKvjb, Kvjb, nvBdb I cvie|
Wvk]|
mg kwYi evsjv eB _K bZzb bZyb k wPwZ Ag kwYi evsjv eB _K bZzb bZyb k bZyb bZyb k b I co cqvM
I cqvM KiZ cvie| wPwZ I cqvM KiZ cvie| KiZ cvie|
evK MVb I cqvM KiZ cvie (RwUj I evK MVb KiZ I h_vh_ webvm evK MVb KiZ I h_vh_
hwMK evK) cqvM KiZ cvie| webvm cqvM KiZ cvie|
evsjv fvlvi mvay I PwjZ ixwZi ewk wbicY evsjv fvlvi mvay I PwjZ ixwZi cv_K evsjv fvlvi mvay I PwjZ ixwZi
KiZ cvie| wbicY KiZ cvie| ewk wbicY Ges cwgZ PwjZ
evsjv fvlvi mvay I PwjZ ixwZi mvwnZ coZ evsjv fvlvi mvay I PwjZ ixwZi mvwnZ ixwZ cqvM KiZ cvie|
cvie| coZ cvie|
cwgZ PwjZ ixwZ cqvM KiZ cvie| cwgZ PwjZ ixwZ cqvM KiZ cvie|
msev` cvV, Abyvb Dcvcbv, Avew, weZK msev` cvV, Abyvb Dcvcbv, Avew, weZK wewfb aibi iPbvkjx I
BZvw`i evPbMZ cv_K wPwZ I cqvM KiZ BZvw`i iPbvkjx I evPbkjxMZ cv_K evPbkjxi ewk Dcvcb KiZ
cvie| wPwZ I cqvM KiZ cvie| cvie|
cvwievwiK, ewMZ I mvgvwRK Rxeb Ges ewMZ, cvwievwiK I mvgvwRK Rxebi hvMvhvM-gvag wnme wewfb
eenvwiK hvMvhvM KiZ cvie| AvbyvwbK I AbvbyvwbK cwiek cwiek I cwiwwZZ fvlv eenvi
hvMvhvMi gvag wnme fvlv eenvi KiZ cvie|
KiZ cvie|
ewMZ wPwV I Ave`bc coZ I wjLZ ewMZ wPwV, Ave`bc, wbgYc,
cvie| wew coZ I wjLZ cvie|
cvVcyK-ewnf~Z cvV mK aviYv e KiZ cvVcyK-ewnf~Z cvVi welq Dcvcb I cvVcyK-ewnf~Z cvVi welq
cvie| aviYv e KiZ cvie| Dcvcb I aviYv e KiZ
cvie|
cwVZ welq-msv vb I aviYv cqvM KiZ cwVZ welq-msv vb I aviYv wePvi- cwVZ welqi gg Abyaveb Ki
cvie| weklY KiZ cvie ^Kxq wPvi cKvk NUvZ cvie|
33
g l mg Ag cvwK wkLbdj
15 evsjv mvwnZi wewfb ickwYi cwiPq evsjv mvwnZi wewfb ickwYi mvaviY cv_K evsjv mvwnZi wewfb ickwYi cwiPq Zzj evsjv mvwnZi wewfb ickwYi
w`Z cvie| Abyaveb Ki DjL KiZ cvie| aiZ cvie| Ges mvwnZi im Dcjw cwiPq Zyj aiZ Ges im Dcjw
Ki m`h evLv KiZ cvie| Ki m`h evLv KiZ cvie|
16 wewfb cwiek I cwiwwZZ wkv_x wewfb cwiek I cwiwwZZ wkv_x vbvZK I wewfb cwiek I cwiwwZZ wkv_x wewfb cwiek I cwiwwZZ
vbvZK I AvewMK Abyf~wZ cKvk AvewMK Abyf~wZ cKvk KiZ cvie| vbvZK I AvewMK Abyf~wZ cKvk KiZ wkv_x vbvZK I AvewMK
KiZ cvie| cvie| Abyf~wZ cKvk KiZ cvie|
17 Qov, KweZv, M BZvw` iPbv KiZ Qov, KweZv, M BZvw` iPbv KiZ Ges `qvwjKv KweZv, M, wbe iPbv KiZ cvie Ges Abymwrmv, Kbvkw I
cvie| cKvk KiZ cvie| zji evwlKx, iwYKv BZvw` cKvk mRbkxjZvi cKvk NUvZ cvie|
mv`K wnme Ask MnY KiZ cvie|
18 Acii cwZ kveva Ges gvbyli cwZ Acii cwZ kveva Ges gvbyli cwZ fvjvevmvi Acii cwZ kv I fvjvevmvi Abyf~wZ bwZK, mvgvwRK I gvbweK
fvjvevmvi Abyf~wZ cKvk KiZ cvie| Abyf~wZ cKvk KiZ cvie| wewfb Dcvq cKvk KiZ cvie| Yvewji cwiPq w`Z cvie|

mZZv I bwZK g~jevai cwiPq w`Z mZZv I bwZK g~jevai cwiPq w`Z I Zvi ewMZ, cvwievwiK I mvgvwRK Rxeb
cvie| Zvrch evLv KiZ cvie| bwZK Yvewji cqvRbxqZv I Zvrch
weklY KiZ cvie|
19 cvwYKyji cwZ ggZeva cKvk KiZ cvwYKyji cwZ hZevb nIqvi cqvRbxqZv e c-cvwL I RxeRi Dci gvbyli RxeRMZi cwZ ggZi cwiPq
cvie| KiZ cvie| wbfikxjZv Dcjw KiZ cvie Ges w`Z cvie|
Zv`i cwZ hZevb nIqvi cqvRbxqZv
evLv KiZ cvie|
20 ^`kcgg~jK Zvrchc~Y NUbvi cwiPq ^`kcgi Zvrch e KiZ cvie| ^`kcg I RvZxqZvevai Zvrch `kcg, RvZxqZveva, fvlv
w`Z cvie| weklY KiZ cvie| Av`vjb I gywhyi PZbv Ges
fvlv Av`vjb I gywhyi NUbvi weeiY fvlv Av`vjb I gywhyi PZbvi cwiPq w`Z fvlv Av`vjb I gywhyi PZbvi cwiPq Amvc`vwqK gbvfve,
w`Z cvie| w`Z Ges Gi Zvrch e KiZ cvie| cigZmwnzZv I MYZvwK
cvie| g~jevai cwiPq Zyj aiZ
cvie|
ag, eY, Mv I mc`vq- wbwekl mKj ag, eY, Mv I mc`vq-wbwekl mKj gvbyli ag, eY, Mv I mc`vq- wbwekl mKj
gvbyli cwZ kvi gbvfve cKvk KiZ cwZ mngwgZv cKvk KiZ cvie| gvbyli cwZ kvi gbvfve cKvk KiZ I
cvie| Zvi Zvrch evLv KiZ cvie|

RvZxq wkvg 2012 34

g l
`bw`b Rxebi KvRKg
cigZmwnzZvi cwiPq w`Z cvie|
21 evsjvi mswZ I jvKmswZ mK evsjvi mswZ I jvKmswZ mK ^Kxq
aviYv e KiZ cvie|
22 `k I RvwZi BwZnvm I HwZni cwiPq
w`Z cvie|
23 Av_-mvgvwRK kwY I ckvi cwiPq w`Z
cvie|
bvix-cyili mgvb ghv`vi welq evLv
KiZ cvie|
24 wki cwZ mse`bkxj nIqvi
cqvRbxqZvi K_v ejZ cvie|
25 bvixi KgRMZi cwiPq e KiZ
cvie|
26 z` bMvxi cwiPq w`Z I Zuv`i cwZ
kv cKvk KiZ cvie|
27 wekl Pvwn`vmb gvbyli cwZ
fvjvevmvi cwiPq w`Z cvie|
28 cwiek msiYi iZ evLv KiZ cwiek mPZbZvi cwiPq w`Z cvie|
cvie|
29 evsjv`ki cwZekx Kvbv `ki
mvswZK cwiPq w`Z cvie|
30 wevbgbZv welq evLv w`Z cvie|
RvZxq wkvg 2012
mg Ag cvwK wkLbdj
`bw`b Rxebi KvRKg cigZmwnzZv I `bw`b Rxebi KvRKg cigZmwnzZv I
MYZvwK g~jevai cwiPq w`Z cvie| MYZvwK g~jevai cwiPq w`Z cvie
Ges Zvi Zvrch evLv KiZ cvie|
evsjvi mswZ, jvKmswZ I wk- evsjvi mswZ, jvKmswZ I
AwfgZ e KiZ cvie| mvwnZi mvaviY cwiPq w`Z cvie| wk-mvwnZi mvaviY cwiPq w`Z
cvie|
`k I RvwZi BwZnvm I HwZn mK ^Kxq `k I RvwZi BwZnvm I HwZni cwiPq `k I RvwZi BwZnvm I HwZn
AwfgZ e KiZ cvie| w`Z cvie Ges G mcK BwZevPK mcK BwZevPK gbvfve cKvk
gbvfve cKvk KiZ cvie| KiZ cvie|
Av_-mvgvwRK ckv Mvxi Ae`vb eYbv KiZ Av_-mvgvwRK ckv Mvxi cwZ kvkxj Av_-mvgvwRK kwY-ckv I bvix-
cvie| gbvfve e KiZ cvie| cyil wbwekl mKji cwZ
bvix I cyili mgvb ghv`vi iZ Dcjw Ki bvixi Mievj Ae`vbi BwZevPK mse`bkxjZv I mgghv`vi
BwZevPK gbvfve cKvk KiZ cvie| g~jvqb KiZ cvie| gbvfve cKvk KiZ cvie|
wki cwZ mse`bkxj AvPiYi cwiPq w`Z wki cwZ mse`bkxj gbvfve cKvki wki cwZ mse`bkxj gbvfve
cvie| wewfb Dcvq e KiZ cvie| cKvk KiZ cvie|
wewfb Kg bvixi Ae`vb mK BwZevPK RvZxq Rxeb bvixi Kg I Ae`vbi cwiPq bvix I bvixi Kgi cwZ kv cKvk
gbvfve e KiZ cvie| Zzj aiZ cvie| KiZ cvie|
z` bMvx, wekl kwY I z` ckv Mvxi z` bMvxi RxebewP eYbv KiZ z` bMvx, wekl kwY, z`
cwiPq w`Z I Zvu`i cwZ kv cKvk KiZ cvie| ckvMvx mK kvi cwiPq
cvie| w`Z cvie|
wekl Pvwn`vmb gvbyli Rxebhvvi mve wekl Pvwn`vmb gvbyli Rxebhvvi wekl Pvwn`vmcb gvbyli cwZ
mgmv kbv Ki BwZevPK AvPiY KiZ cvie| cwiPq w`Z Ges Zuv`i cwZ mngwgZv ggZ I mngwgZvi cwiPq w`Z
cKvk KiZ cvie| cvie|
cwiek mPZbZvi iZ I Zvrch evLv cwiek PZbvi cwiPq w`Z
weklY KiZ cvie| cvie|
wewfb `ki mswZ mK ^Kxq aviYv cKvk wewfb `ki mswZ Ges wbR `ki wewfb `ki mswZi cwiPq w`Z
KiZ cvie| mswZ mK BwZevPK gbvfve I kvi cvie|
cwiPq w`Z cvie|
RxebvPiY wevbgb nevi cqvRbxqZv evLv Rxebi me wevbgb `wfwi Rxebi me wevbgbZvi
KiZ cvie I wevbgbZvi cwiPq w`Z cwiPq w`Z cvie| cwiPq w`Z cvie|
cvie|
35
 6. wkvg QK
l kwY

RvZxq wkvg 2012 36

g wkLbdj welqe mycvwikKZ wkLb-kLvbv Kvhg g~jvqb Kkj
1 evsjv fvlvi iZ e KiZ cvie| evsjv fvlvi iZ
(evKiY)
2.1 msKZ, mvaviY wP, jLwP, iLvwP , ce wP, AvjvKwP, wfwWI BZvw` c`kbi gvag ckvii gvag evaMgZv
P, WBs, wPi auvav, KvUyb, gvbwP iO, msKZ, jLwP, iLvwP BZvw`i eenvi hvPvB
BZvw`i gvag e aiYv cKvk KiZ Abykxjb
cvie|

2.2 `kbxq vb cZ Ki Zvi weeiY w`Z Abykxjb ewniY Abykxjb (Outdoor Study) AwcZ KvRi g~jvqb
cvie| wbKUeZx Kvbv `kbxq vb cwi`kb Ki
cwi`kbi AwfZv wjwLZfve Rgv `Iqv|
2.3 wewfb jvKR I mvswZK Abyvb `L Abykxjb ewniY Abykxjb (Outdoor Study) cheY KvRi g~jvqb
Zvi cwiPq w`Z cvie| jvKwk gjv, jvKR Mvbi Abyvb, beel
D`hvcb, clcveb, MvgxY weqi Abyvb BZvw`
cheY|
3 wewfb fvlY, AvjvPbv BZvw` b Abykxjb we`vjq AbywZ wekl w`emmg~n c` fvlY I welqe Abyaveb I Abyf~wZ
Abyf~wZ cKvk KiZ cvie| AvjvPbv Ges weZK cwZhvwMZv, DcwZ eZv eYbvi `Zv hvPvB
cwZhvwMZv b Zvi welqe I wbRi Abyf~wZ
eYbv Kiv|
4 cwgZ evsjv DPviY b Zv cqvM KiZ DPviYi mvaviY wbqg Avew ev M`cvV kvbvbv Ges wekl wekl ki DPviYi kyZv hvPvB
cvie| (evKiY) DPviY Abykxjb|

5 cwgZ DPviY cvV KiZ cvie| DPviYi mvaviY wbqg wbavwiZ M`i mie cvV| DPviYi kyZv hvPvB
(evKiY)

RvZxq wkvg 2012 37

g wkLbdj welqe mycvwikKZ wkLb-kLvbv Kvhg g~jvqb Kkj
6.1 cwgZ evsjv evbvbi mvaviY wbqg DjL evsjv evbvbi mvaviY wbqg wkv_x`i KqKwU `j fvM Ki evbvb jLvi ZviKv cyivii gvag g~jvqb
KiZ cvie| (evKiY) cwZhvwMZvi AvqvRb|

6.2 my`i nvi wjLZ cvie| (Abykxjb) kZwjwci gvag my`i nvZi jLvi cwZhvwMZvi AwcZ KvRi g~jvqb
AvqvRb|

7.1 evsjv fvlvi awb, awbi cKvif` DjL awb, awbi cKvif`
KiZ cvie| (evKiY)

7.2 evsjv fvlvi k,ki MVbcYvjx DjL evsjv fvlvi k,ki evW 15wU k wjL wbPi QK webvm KiZ AwcZ KvRi g~jvqb
KiZ cvie| MVbcYvjx (evKiY) `Iqv
1 DcmM hvM MwVZ k
2 cZq hvM MwVZ k
3 mwi mvnvh MwVZ k
4 mgvme nq MwVZ k

7.3 evsjv evKi ewk DjL KiZ cvie| evsjv evKi ewk
(evKiY)
8 weivgwP wPwZ I cqvM KiZ cvie| (Abykxjb) weivg wPwenxb evK h_vh_fve weivg wP AwcZ KvRi g~jvqb
( weewZ, ck, weqm~PK evK) cqvMi Abykxjb| (weewZ, ck, weqm~PK
wb`kK)
9 l kwYi cvV eB _K bZzb bZyb k l kwYi cvV eB _K wbw` GK ev GKwaK cvV _K bZzb bZzb k AwcZ KvRi g~jvqb
wPwZ I cqvM KiZ cvie| bZzb bZyb k (Abykxjb) Abymvbg~jK evwoi KvR

10 evK MVb I cqvM KiZ cvie| evKiY I wbw` AbyQ` _K mij I RwUj evK wPwZ Kiv Dii h_v_Zv g~jvqb
(mij I RwUj evK) Abykxjb

RvZxq wkvg 2012 38

g wkLbdj welqe mycvwikKZ wkLb-kLvbv Kvhg g~jvqb Kkj
11.1 evsjv fvlvi PwjZ ixwZi ewk PwjZ ixwZi ewk (evKiY)
wbicY KiZ cvie|
11.2 evsjv fvlvi PwjZ ixwZi mvwnZ coZ PwjZ ixwZi mvwnZ cvV PwjZixwZZ Kvbv ce ev msev`i Askwekl DPviYi kyZv hvPvB
cvie| Abykxjb DPviY mie cvV|

11.3 cwgZ PwjZ ixwZ cqvM KiZ cvie| Abykxjb

12 cvV I Avewi ga cv_K wbYq KiZ Abykxjb kwYK wbavwiZ KweZv cvV Ges aviYKZ ke ckvii gvag g~jvqb
cvie| Avew kyb `yBqi ga cv_K wbYq|

13.1 cvwievwiK I ewMZ Rxeb hvMvhvM Abykxjb we`vjqi Kvbv GKwU Abyvbi weeiY Dcvcbi `Zv hvPvB
KiZ I cvwievwiK cwigj Z_ AwffveKi KvQ eYbv Kiv Ges AwffveKi
Av`vb c`vb KiZ cvie| gZvgZ kwY wkKi wbKU Dcvcb|
13.2 ewMZ wPwV wjLZ I coZ cvie| ewMZ c
(wbwgwZ)
14 cvVcyK
-ewnf~Z cvVi welq Dcvcb Abykxjb cvVcyK ewnfzZ Kvbv M ev msev` cvV Ki Zvi Dcvcbi gvb hvPvB
KiZ cvie| welqe Dcvcb
15 cwVZ welq msv vb I aviYv e Abykxjb
KiZ cvie|
16 evsjv mvwnZi wewfb ickwYi cwiPq evsjv mvwnZi wewfb kwYZ cZK wkv_x mswk M` coe| Gi g~j ckvii gvag g~jvqb
w`Z cvie| ickwYi cwiPq welqK M` ee wbRiv AvjvPbv Kie| wkK ckvii
gvag mevi cvV wbwZ Kieb|
17 wewfb cwiek I cwiwwZZ wkv_x Abykxjb Kvbv wP / wfwWI wP / ev NUbv `L Z_ Z_ I cwZwqv Dcvcbi gvb
vbvZK I AvewMK AbyfywZ cKvk Rvbvbv I cwZwqv e Kiv| hvPvB
KiZ cvie|
18 Qov, KweZv, M BZvw` iPbv KiZ Abykxjb ^iwPZ jLvi cwZhvwMZvi AvqvRb I evQvBKZ wkv_xi AskMnY I jLvi
cvie| jLv w`q kwY cwKv cKvk| g~jvqb

RvZxq wkvg 2012 39

g wkLbdj welqe mycvwikKZ wkLb-kLvbv Kvhg g~jvqb Kkj
19.1 Acii cwZ kveva Ges gvbyli cwZ gvbe cgi mswk Kvbv welq `jMZ AvjvPbvPi I ZviKv cyivi
fvjevmvi Abyf~wZ cKvk KiZ cvie| KweZv wbavwiZ eZvi AvqvRb

19.2 mZZv I bwZK g~jevai cwiPq mZZv I bwZK g~jeva KweZvi g~j ee Abyaveb gwLK Dcvcbvi g~jvqb
w`Z cvie| KweZv
20 cvwYKyji cwZ ggZeva cKvk KiZ c-cvwLi cwZ mswk Kvbv welq `jMZ AvjvPbvPi I ZviKv cyivi
cvie| ggZeva(wbwgwZ wbavwiZ eZvi AvqvRb

21.1 ^`kcgg~jK Zvrchc~Y NUbvi cwiPq ^`kcgi cPwjZ cwZZ AvjvPbv Ges wk_x KZK Avew welqei mwVKZv hvPvB
w`Z cvie| KweZv
21.2 fvlv Av`vjb I gywhyi NUbvi fvlv Av`vjb I gywhy cPwjZ cwZZ AvjvPbv Ges KweZvi g~j ee welqei mwVKZv hvPvB
weeiY w`Z cvie| welqK wjL cKvk
KweZv
21.3 ag, eY, Mv I mc`vq wbwekl m`vqMZ mxwZ welqK `jxq KvR AskMnY I cheY
mKj gvbyli cwZ kvi gbvfve ce Amv`vwqK PZbvmb mxZi wmwW keY Ges
cKvk KiZ cvie| Mvbi welqe AvjvPbv
21.4 `bw`b Rxeb KvRKg cigZmwnzZv welqK ce
cigZmwnzZvi cwiPq w`Z cvie|
22 evsjvi mswZ I jvKmswZ mK evsjvi mswZ I jvKmswZ `jxq KvR welqei mwVKZv wbicY
aviYv e KiZ cvie| welqK M` jvKgjv cwi`kb
GKK KvR
cwi`kb cwZe`b Zwi
23 `k I RvwZi BwZnvm I HwZni evOvwj RvwZi BwZnvm I `k I RvwZi BwZnvm I HwZn mwKZ Kvbv ckvii gvag g~jvqb
cwiPq w`Z cvie| HwZn wfwWI c`kb
24.1 Av_-mvgvwRK kwY I ckvi cwiPq Av_-mvgvwRK kwY-ckv ewniY Abykxjb evwoi KvRi gvag g~jvqb
w`Z cvie| welqK KweZv wkv_xi cwZewk Kvbv cwievii m`miv K, Kx Ki
m mK Z_ msMn Ki GKwU cwZe`b Dcvcb

RvZxq wkvg 2012 40

g wkLbdj welqe mycvwikKZ wkLb-kLvbv Kvhg g~jvqb Kkj
24.2 bvix-cyili mgvb ghv`vi welq evLv bvix-cyili mgghv`v welqK cZK wkv_x KweZv Avew Kie Ges Gi g~j ee welqei mwVKZv hvPvB
KiZ cvie| KweZv wjL `Lve

25 wki cwZ mse`bkxjZv nIqvi wki cwZ mse`bkxjZv mswk Kvbv welq `jMZ AvjvPbvPi I ZviKv cyivi
cqvRbxqZvi K_v ejZ cvie| (wbwgwZ) wbavwiZ eZvi AvqvRb

26 bvixi KgRMZi cwiPq e KiZ bvixi KgRMr welqK M` wbR cwievii bvixiv Kvb Kvb ckvq wbqvwRZ cheYi gvag g~jvqb
cvie| Zvi GKwU ZvwjKv Ki wkKi KvR Rgv `Iqv
27 z` bMvxi cwiPq w`Z I Zuv`i cwZ evsjv`ki bMvx welqK z` bMvwi Rxeb RxweKv mwKZ Kvbv wfwWI ckvii gvag g~jvqb
kv cKvk KiZ cvie| M` wP c`kb
28 wekl Pvwn`v mb gvbyli cwZ M mswk Kvbv welq `jMZ AvjvPbvPi I ZviKv cyivi
fvjvevmvi cwiPq w`Z cvie| wbavwiZ eZvi AvqvRb
29 cwiek msiYi iZ evLv KiZ cwiek msiY welqK `jxqfve cwiek mPZbZv welqK cvvi Zwi cheYi gvag g~jvqb
cvie| KweZv (hgb: mywbw` vb AveRbv djyb ; MvQ Avgv`i
ez) Ges Zv AbymiY Kiv
30 evsjv`ki cwZekx Kvbv `ki (gYKvwnwb) cvVi mv_ msMwZc~Y Kvbv wP ev wfwWI wP ckvii gvag g~jvqb
mvswZK cwiPq w`Z cvie| c`kb
31 wevbgbZv welq evLv w`Z Rxeb hvcb hwKZvi mswk M` cvV Ges Gi g~j ee wjL `Lvbv welqei mwVKZv hvPvB
cvie| iZ
welqK M`

* ZviKv cyivi cwZ : wkv_x`i ga Avb`RbK, cwZhvwMZvg~jK, DrmvnevK I ZrciZv mwi Rb `jMZ KvRi ZviKv cyivi ceZb Kiv hvq| ZviKv cyivi c`vbi
cwZ nj- `j msLv hZ ne k `j ZZwU ZviKv cyivi cve| Gi ci gvbi g Abyhvqx cwZwU `ji Rb GKwU Ki ZviKv Kg hve| mekl `jwU GKwU gv ZviKv cyivi cve|

RvZxq wkvg 2012 41

 7. wkvg QK
mg kwY

RvZxq wkvg 2012 42

wgK wkLbdj
1 evsjv fvlvi cqvRbxqZv I Zvrch
evLv KiZ cvie|
2.1 msKZ, mvaviY wP, jLwP, iLvwP,
P, WBs, wPi auvav, cvvi,
mvBbevW, gvbwP, Mve BZvw`
welqi e aviYv cKvk KiZ
cvie|
2.2 knx` w`em, RvZxq w`emi Abyvbi
cZ Ki Zvi Zvrch evLv KiZ
cvie|
2.3 wewfb mvswZK I jvKR Abyvb `L wewfb mvswZK I jvKR
eYbv KiZ cvie|
3 wewfb fvlY, AvjvPbv, wb`kbv I
weZK b evLv KiZ cvie|
RvZxq wkvg 2012
welqe mycvwikKZ wkLb- kLvbv Kvhg g~jvqb Kkj
evsjv fvlvi cqvRbxqZv I `jxq KvR AskMnY I cheYi gvag
Zvrch welqK KweZv| evsjv fvlvi cqvRbxqZv mK AvjvPbvP g~jvqb
cvVeBq eeZ wkLbdji `jxq KvR mwqZv cheY
wewfb Dcv`vbwelqK M` moK I eZj feb eeZ wewfb msKZwPi
(Abykxjb) cvvi c`kbx welqei mwVKZv hvPvB
GKK KvR
eeZ msKZmg~ni A_ Dvi
knx` w`em, RvZxq w`emi `jxq KvR mwqZv cheY
Abyvbi wP, NUbv mK we`vjq AbywZ Kvbv w`em Dcj AvqvwRZ
cwiPq Ges Abykxjb| AvjvPbv mfv I mvswZK Abyvb DcfvM Ges cwZe`bi gvb hvPvB
Abyvb mK wbRi Abyf~wZ e Ki cwZe`b
wjLb
ewniY Abykxjb (Outdoor Study) cheY KvRi g~jvqb
Abyvb mK cvV| jvKwk gjv, jvKR Mvbi Abyvb, beel
(Abykxjb) D`hvcb, clcveb, MvgxY weqi Abyvb BZvw`
cheY
fvlY, AvjvPbv, wb`kbv, weZK| `jxq KvR AskMnY cheY
(Abykxjb) kwYK weZK mfvi AvqvRb mvimsci gvb hvPvB
GKK KvR
ev`i ee b mvimsc wjLb
43
wgK wkLbdj welqe mycvwikKZ wkLb- kLvbv Kvhg g~jvqb Kkj
4 cwgZ evsjv DPviYi mvaviY KqKwU cwgZ evsjv DPviYi wbqg| evW c` wewfb ki DPviY fve ejv DPviYi h_v_Zv hvPvB
wbqg cqvM KiZ cvie| (evKiY)
5 fve Abyhvqx cvV cwgZ DPviY KiZ (Abykxjb) cvV eBqi Kvbv Mvsk mie fve Abyhvqx cvV| fve Abyhvqx cvVi gvb hvPvB
cvie|
6.1 cwgZ evsjv evbvbi mvaviY wbqg cwgZ evsjv evbvbi mvaviY KqKwU ki DPviY b h_vh_ evbvb wjLb evbvbi mwVKZv hvPvB
DjL I cqvM KiZ cvie| wbqg (evKiY)
6.2 cvq h_vh_ gvwRb Ges k, evK (Abykxjb) nvZi jLv KqKwU cvvi c`kbxi AvqvRb jLvi kjxMZ DrKl wePvi
BZvw`i ga h_vh_ eeavb iv Ki
my`i I nvi wjLZ cvie|
7.1 evsjv fvlvi awb, awbi cKvif`, awb, awbi cKvif` I GKK KvR QKc~iYi Zv hvPvB
Zvi ewk DjL KiZ cvie| ewk (evKiY) DPviYi vb Abyhvqx QKc~iY
awb DPviY vb
K K

7.2 evsjv fvlvi k, ki cKvif` I k, ki cKvif` I A_MZ c` ki cKvif`KiY QK- P`, Uwej, nvZ, QKc~iYi Zv hvPvB
A_MZ kwYwefvM DjL I cqvM kwYwefvM gv,
KiZ cvie| (evKiY) Drcw Abymvi c` k
ki cKvif`
Zrmg P`

Ze

efvwlK

RvZxq wkvg 2012 44

wgK wkLbdj welqe mycvwikKZ wkLb- kLvbv Kvhg g~jvqb Kkj
7.3 evsjv evK I MVbMZ kwYwefvM evKi MVbMZ kwYwefvM evW c` evKi MVbMZ ic cwieZb Abykxjb evK cwieZbi mwVKZv wbicY
DjL KiZ Ges evK cwieZb KiZ Ges evK cwieZb (evKiY)
cvie|
8 weivgwP (Kgv I Ea Kgv) wPwZ I weivgwP (Kgv I Ea Kgv) weivgwPnxb (Kgv, EaKgv) AbyQ` h_vh_ weivgwP emvbvi mwVKZv
cqvM KiZ cvie| (evKiY I Abykxjb) weivgwP cqvMi Abykxjb hvPvB

9 mg kwYi evsjv eB _K bZyb bZyb mg kwYi evsjv eB _K mg kwYi evsjv eBqi wbevwPZ KqKwU cvV _K ZviKv cyivi
k wPwZ I cqvM KiZ cvie| bZyb bZyb k (Abykxjb) bZzb k LyuR ei Kivi cwZhvwMZvi AvqvRb

10 evK MVb I cqvM KiZ cvie RwUj I hwMK evK MVbi evK cwieZb Ljv (mij _K hwMK Ges hwMK ZviKv cyivi
(RwUj I hwMK evK)| wbqg (evKiY I Abykxjb) _K mij)
11.1 evsjv fvlvi mvay I PwjZ ixwZi ewk mvay I PwjZ ixwZi ewk| mvay fvlvi wbavwiZ AbyQ`K PwjZ fvlvq icvi welqei mwVKZv hvPvB
wbicY KiZ cvie| (evKiY)
11.2 evsjv fvlvi mvay I PwjZ ixwZi mvwnZ mvay I PwjZ ixwZZ iwPZ PwjZixwZZ Kvbv ce ev msev`i Askwekl DPviYi kyZv hvPvB
coZ cvie| (M`) cvV| DPviY mie cvV|

11.3 cwgZ PwjZ ixwZ cqvM KiZ cvie| (Abykxjb) mvay fvlvq iwPZ iPbvskK cwgZ PwjZ fvlvq welqei mwVKZv hvPvB
icvi

RvZxq wkvg 2012 45

g wkLbdj welqe mycvwikKZ mycvwikKZ wkLb- kLvbv Kvhg g~jvqb Kkj
12 msev` cvV, Abyvb Dcvcbv, Avew, (Abykxjb) `jxq KvR AskMnY wbwZKiY Ges fvlv
weZK BZvw`i evPbMZ cv_K wPwZ wZbwU `ji cwZwbwa wbq h_vg msev`cvV, eenvii cv_K cheY|
I cqvM KiZ cvie| Avew, weZK Dcvcbi AvqvRb Ges GB me
fvlv eenvii evPbMZ cv_K wbicY|

13.1 cvwievwiK, ewMZ I mvgvwRK Rxeb (Abykxjb) `jxq KvR cheYi gvag g~jvqb
Ges eenvwiK hvMvhvM KiZ cvwievwiK, ewMZ, mvgvwRK I AvbyvwbK cwiek
cvie| fvlv eenvii cv_K welq gv_v LvUvbv
(eBbwgs)
13.2 ewMZ wPwV I Ave`bc coZ I ewMZ wPwV, Ae`bc AwcZ KvR AwcZ KvRi g~jvqb
wjLZ cvie| (wbwgwZ) zji mg kwYi evsjv Kvm Kgb jvMQ fvjv
jvMv g`jvMv welq Rvwbq ezK c wjLb
14 cvVcyK-ewnf~Z cvV mK aviYv cvVcyK-ewnf~Z cvVi AwcZ KvR AwcZ KvRi g~jvqb
e KiZ cvie| welq (Abykxjb) cvVcyK ewnf~Z cwVZ h Kvbv GKwU Mi, cvV
AwfZv wjLb
15 cwVZ welq msv vb I aviYv (Abykxjb)
cqvM KiZ cvie|

16 evsjv mvwnZi wewfb ickwYi evsjv mvwnZi wewfb Kvwnwb KweZvK M ic`vb AwcZ KvRi g~jvqb
mvaviY cv_K Abyaveb Ki Zv DjL ickwY welqK M`|
KiZ cvie|

RvZxq wkvg 2012 46

 g wkLbdj welqe mycvwikKZ mycvwikKZ wkLb- kLvbv Kvhg g~jvqb Kkj
17 wewfb cwiek I cwiwwZZ wkv_x (Abykxjb) avivevwnK M ejvi AvqvRb cheYi gvag g~jvqb
vbvZK I AvewMK Abyf~wZ cKvk
KiZ cvie|
18 Qov, M, KweZv BZvw` iPbv KiZ (Abykxjb) `qvwjKv cKvk AskMnY g~jvqb
Ges `qvwjKv cKvk KiZ cvie|
19.1 Acii cwZ kveva Ges gvbyli cwZ wkvPvi, mRb I mswk Kvbv welq `jMZ AvjvPbvPi I ZviKv cyivi
fvjvevmvi Abyf~wZ cKvk KiZ gvbecgg~jK KweZv| wbavwiZ eZvi AvqvRb
cvie|
19.2 mZZv I bwZK g~jevai cwiPq mZZv I bwZK mswk Kvbv welq `jMZ AvjvPbvPi I ZviKv cyivi
w`Z Ges Zvi Zvrch evLv KiZ g~jevawelqK KweZv wbavwiZ eZvi AvqvRb
cvie|
20 cvwYKyji cwZ hZevb nIqvi cvwYKzji cwZ hZkxj nIqv mswk Kvbv welq `jMZ AvjvPbvPi I ZviKv cyivi
cqvRbxqZv e KiZ cvie| welqK M| wbavwiZ eZvi AvqvRb

21.1 ^`kcgi Zvrch e KiZ ^`kcgg~jK| (KweZv) cPwjZ cwZZ AvjvPbv Ges wk_x KZK Avew welqei mwVKZv hvPvB
cvie|
21.2 fvlv Av`vjb I gywhyi PZbvi fvlv Av`vjb I gywhyi cPwjZ cwZZ AvjvPbv welqei mwVKZv hvPvB
cwiPq w`Z cvie| PZbv welqK 1wU KweZv I
1wU M|

RvZxq wkvg 2012 47

g wkLbdj
21.3 ag-eY-Mv I m`vqwbwekl mKj
gvbyli cwZ mngwgZv cKvk KiZ
cvie|
21.4 `bw`b Rxeb KvRKg cigZmwnzZv
I MYZvwK g~jevai cwiPq w`Z
cvie|
22 evsjvi mswZ I jvKmswZ mK
^Kxq AwfgZ e KiZ cvie|
23. `k I RvwZi BwZnvm I HwZn
mK ^Kxq AwfgZ e KiZ
cvie|
24.1 Av_-mvgvwRK ckv Mvxi Ae`vb
eYbv KiZ cvie|
24.2 bvix I cyili mgvb ghv`vi iZ
Dcjw Ki BwZevPK gbvfve cKvk
KiZ cvie|
25 wki cwZ mse`bkxj AvPiYi cwiPq
w`Z cvie|
26 wewfb Kg bvixi Ae`vb mK wewfb Kg bvixi Ae`vb
BwZevPK gbvfve e KiZ cvie|
RvZxq wkvg 2012
welqe mycvwikKZ mycvwikKZ wkLb- kLvbv Kvhg g~jvqb Kkj
mc`vqMZ mxwZwelqK `jxq KvR AskMnY I cheY
KweZv Amv`vwqK PZbvmb mxZi wmwW keY
(hgb- mejvK Kq jvjb Kx RvZ msmvi, ev
AvM wK my`i w`b KvUvBZvg BZvw`) Ges Mvbi
welqe AvjvPb
`bw`b Rxeb
cigZmwnzZv I MYZvwK
g~jeva welqK M`|
evsjvi mswZ I `jxq KvR welqei mwVKZv wbicY
jvKmswZ welqK M`| jvKgjv cwi`kb
GKK KvR
cwi`kb cwZe`b Zwi
`k, RvwZi BwZnvm I `k I RvwZi BwZnvm I HwZn mwKZ Kvbv ckvii gvag g~jvqb
HwZn welqK M`| wfwWI c`kb
Av_-mvgvwRK ckv-Mvxi ewniY Abykxjb cheYi gvag g~jvqb
Ae`vb welqK KweZv| KlK ev kwgK`i Rxeb hvvi gvb AejvKb Kiv
Ges Zv`i Ae`vb mK gZvgZ c`vb|
bvix-cyili mgghv`vi
iZ mwKZ KweZv|
wki cwZ mse`bkxj AvPiY wk`i PvB Avb`Nb Rxeb welqK AvjvPbv AskMnY I cheY
welqK bvwUKv|
GKK KvR ZvwjKvi gvb wePvi
welqK M`| cwievii evBi bvixiv RxweKvi Rb Kx Kx KvR
Kib Zvi GKwU ZvwjKv cYqb|
48
g wkLbdj welqe mycvwikKZ mycvwikKZ wkLb- kLvbv Kvhg g~jvqb Kkj
27 z` b-Mvx, wekl kwY I z` ckv z` b-Mvx, wekl kwY I z`RvwZmv welqK Z_wP c`kb cheYi gvag g~jvqb
Mvxi cwiPq w`Z I Zuv`i cwZ kv z` ckv Mvxi Rxebhvvi
cKvk KiZ cvie| cwiPq welqK M`|
28 wekl Pvwn`vmb gvbyli Rxebhvvi wekl Pvwn`vmb gvbyli
mve mgmv kbv Ki BwZevPK RxebvPiY I BwZevPK
AvPiY KiZ cvie| gbvfve c`kb welqK M I
Abykxjb|
29. cwiek mPZbZvi cwiPq w`Z cwiek mPZbZv welqK `jxq KvR cheYi gvag g~jvqb
cvie| KweZv cwiek welqK cvvi c`kbx
30 wewfb `ki mswZ mK ^Kxq wewfb `ki mswZ welqK `jxq KvR cheYi gvag g~jvqb
aviYv cKvk KiZ cvie| gYKvwnwb| `ki mswZ welqK PjwP/Z_wP c`kb

31 RxebvPiY wevbgb nevi Abykxjb `jxq KvR AskMnY I cheYi gvag

cqvRbxqZv evLv KiZ cvie I `bw`b Rxeb Kzmsvii wewfb D`vniY Dcvcb g~jvqb
wevbgbZvi cwiPq w`Z cvie| (hgb: wUKwUwKi WvK, hvvi mgq wcQz WvK,
cixvi w`b wWg LvIqv BZvw`) I AvjvPbv

* ZviKv cyivi cwZ : wkv_x`i ga Avb`RbK, cwZhvwMZvg~jK, DrmvnevK I ZrciZv mwi Rb `jMZ KvRi ZviKv cyivi ceZb Kiv hvq| ZviKv cyivi c`vbi
cwZ nj- `j msLv hZ ne k `j ZZwU ZviKv cyivi cve| Gi ci gvbi g Abyhvqx cwZwU `ji Rb GKwU Ki ZviKv Kg hve| mekl `jwU GKwU gv ZviKv cyivi cve|

RvZxq wkvg 2012 49

 8. wkvg QK
Ag kwY

RvZxq wkvg 2012 50

wgK wkLbdj welqe kLb-kLvbv Kvhg g~jvqb
1 evsjv fvlvi ewk, Zvrch I gwngv evsjv fvlvi Zvrch I gwngv evsjv fvlvi cvuPwU ewk wPwZKiY welqei mwVKZv hvPvB
weklY KiZ cvie| welqK KweZv
2.1 is, iLv I Zvi eenvi mK evLv is iLv I wewfb gvag (Pvi I vcZ ev fvhi Qwe ev wfwWI c`kb Ges AvjvPbv AskMnY I cheYi gvag
KiZ cvie Ges wP, AvjvKwP, KviKjv , AvjvKwP, PjwP) g~jvqb
PjwP, wPKjv, fvh, vcZ cfwZi welqK ce I Abykxjb|
^ic I cv_K eYbv KiZ cvie|

2.2 knx` w`em, ^vaxbZv w`em I weRq knx` wgbvi, RvZxq wZma I we`vjq AbywZ knx` w`em ev ^vaxbZv w`emi Abyvb cwZe`bi gvb hvPvB
w`emi Abyvb `L Gi Zvrch weklY ^vaxbZv hyi cUf~wgZ wbwgZ mK wjLb
KiZ cvie| wewfb vcZi eYbv I
evLvg~jK ce

2.3 mvswZK, jvKR Abyvb `L wbR^ (Abykxjb) GKwU jvKR Rjv cwi`kb Ki wjwLZ Abyf~wZ cKvk AwcZ KvRi g~jvqb
Abyf~wZ e KiZ cvie|
3 mvwnZi wewfb kwZMvn ici (Abykxjb) `jxq KvR AskMnY I cheYi gvag
(Avew,bvUK, msMxZ BZvw`) m Avewi wmwW kvbv , Mvbi wmwW kvbv Ges Avew I g~jvqb
cwiwPZ nq wePvi-weklY I AwfgZ Mvbi cv_K AvjvPbv
e KiZ cvie|
4 evPbKjvq cvi`wkZv c`kb KiZ (Abykxjb) DcwZ eZvi AvqvRb evPbKjvi cvi`wkZv hvPvB
cvie|
5 wewfb cwgZ DPviYewk cqvM (evKiY) `jxq KvR DPviYi Zv hvPvB
KiZ cvie| bvUK ev bvUvski msjvci Awfbq DchvMx Dcvcb
6 cwgZ evsjv evbvbi mvaviY wbqg DjL (evKiY) evW wewfb evbvbi wbqgi D`vniY wnme k wjLb welqei mwVKZv hvPvB
Ges mvejxjfve cqvM KiZ cvie| wkv_xiv evbvbi wbqgjv DjL Kie

RvZxq wkvg 2012 51

wgK wkLbdj welqe kLb-kLvbv Kvhg g~jvqb
7 evsjv fvlvi awb, awbi cKvif` Ges (evKiY)
Zvi ewk DjL I cqvM KiZ
cvie|
evsjv fvlvi k, ki Drm, ki (evKiY)
wewk eenvi Ges evM_ DjL I cqvM
KiZ cvie|
A_ Abymvi evKi cKvif` wPwZ (evKiY)
KiZ I wewfbv_K evK MVb KiZ
cvie|
8 weivgwP (Kvjb, nvBdb I Wvk) ( evKiY I Abykxjb) evW weivgwPnxb AbyQ` wjLb welqei mwVKZv hvPvB
wPwZ I cqvM KiZ cvie| wkv_xiv h_vh_ vb weivgwP cqvM Kie
9 Ag kwYi evsjv cvVcyK _K bZzb (Abykxjb) Ag kwYi evsjv cvVcyK _K bZzb bZyb k LyuR ZviKv cyivi
bZyb k wPwZ I cqvM KiZ cvie| ei Kivi cwZhvwMZv

10 evK MVb KiZ I h_vh_ webvm (evKiY I Abykxjb)

cqvM KiZ cvie|
11.1 evsjv fvlvi mvay I PwjZ ixwZi cv_K (evKiY) wbavwiZ GKwU mvayixwZi AbyQ` PwjZ fvlvq icvi| welqei mwVKZv hvPvB
wbicY KiZ cvie|

11.2 evsjv fvlvi mvay I PwjZ ixwZi mvwnZ mvay fvlvq iwPZ mvwnZKg (M`)
coZ cvie|
11.3 cwgZ PwjZ ixwZ cqvM KiZ cvie| (Abykxjb) mvay ixwZZ iwPZ wbavwiZ AbyQ`K PwjZ ixwZZ AwcZ KvRi g~jvqb
icvi Ges cwiewZZ kmg~n wPwZ Ki mvay I PwjZ
i~c wb`k|

RvZxq wkvg 2012 52

wgK wkLbdj welqe kLb-kLvbv Kvhg g~jvqb
12 msev` cvV, Abyvb Dcvcbv, Avew, (Abykxjb) `jxq KvR AskMnY wbwZKiY Ges fvlv
weZK BZvw`i iPbvkjx I wZbwU `ji cwZwbwa wbq h_vg msev`cvV, eenvii cv_K cheY|
evPbkjxMZ cv_K wPwZ I cqvM Avew, weZK Dcvcbi AvqvRb Ges GB me
KiZ cvie| fvlv eenvii evPbMZ cv_K wbicY|
13 ewMZ, cvwievwiK I mvgvwRK Rxebi (Abykxjb) `jxq KvR cheYi gvag g~jvqb
AvbyvwbK I AbvbyvwbK cwiek cvwievwiK, ewMZ, mvgvwRK I AvbyvwbK cwiek
hvMvhvMi gvag wnme fvlv eenvi fvlv eenvii cv_K welq gv_v LvUvbv
KiZ cvie| (eBbwgs)
ewMZ wPwV, Ave`bc, wbgYc, (wbwgwZ)
wew coZ I wjLZ cvie|
14 cvVcyK-ewnf~Z cwVZ welq Dcvcb (Abykxjb) AwcZ KvR AwcZ KvRi g~jvqb
I aviYv e KiZ cvie| cvVcyK ewnf~Z GKwU QvUM cvV Ki Zvi
welqe wjLb
15 cwVZ welq msv vb I aviYv wePvi- (Abykxjb)
weklY KiZ cvie
16 evsjv mvwnZi wewfb ickwYi cwiPq evsjv mvwnZi wewfb Kvbv M ev MvskK msc ic`vb AwcZ KvRi g~jvqb
Zzj aiZ I cv_K wbicY KiZ ickwY welqK M`
cvie|
17 wewfb cwiek I cwiwwZZ wkv_x (Abykxjb) wbavwiZ welq DcwZ eZvi AvqvRb AskMnY I cheYi gvag
vbvZK I AvewMK Abyf~wZ cKvk g~jvqb
KiZ cvie|
18 zji evwlKx, iwYKv BZvw` cKvk (Abykxjb) kwY cwKv / `qvj cwKvi Rb ^iwPZ KweZv, AskMnY I cheYi gvag
Ges jLK mv`K wnme AskMnY M, ce BZvw`i cwZhvwMZvi AvqvRb| g~jvqb
mg ne|

RvZxq wkvg 2012 53

wgK wkLbdj
19 Acii cwZ kveva I fvjvevmvi
Abyf~wZ wewfb Dcvq cKvk KiZ
cvie|
ewMZ, cvwievwiK I mvgvwRK Rxeb
bwZK Yvewji cqvRbxqZv I Zvrch
weklY KiZ cvie|
20 c-cvwL I RxeRi Dci gvbyli
wbfikxjZv Dcjw KiZ cvie Ges
Zv`i cwZ hZevb nIqvi cqvRbxqZv
evLv KiZ cvie|
21.1 ^`kcg I RvZxqZvevai Zvrch
weklY KiZ cvie|
21.2 fvlv Av`vjb I gywhyi PZbvi
cwiPq w`Z Ges Gi Zvrch e
KiZ cvie|
21.3 ag, eY, Mv I mc`vq wbwekl
mKj gvbyli cwZ kvi gbvfve cKvk
KiZ I Zvi Zvrch evLv KiZ
cvie|
21.4 `bw`b Rxebi KvRKg
cigZmwnzZv I MYZvwK g~jevai
cwiPq w`Z cvie Ges Zvi Zvrch
eLv KiZ cvie|
22 evsjvi mswZ, jvKmswZ I wk-
mvwnZi mvaviY cwiPq w`Z cvie|
RvZxq wkvg 2012
welqe kLb-kLvbv Kvhg g~jvqb
(Abykxjb) `jxq KvR AwcZ KvRi g~jvqb
mswk Kvbv welq AvjvPbv I wbavwiZ weZK
AvqvRb|
ewMZ, cvwievwiK I mswk bvwUKvi M`ic `Iqv Ges Gi wkYxq welqei mwVKZv hvPvB
mvgvwRK Rxeb bwZK Yvewj welqi evLv wjLb
welqK bvwUKv
c-cvwL I RxeRi Dci wkv_xiv KweZv Avew Kie Ges Gi gg Dcjw welqei mwVKZv hvPvB
gvbyli wbfikxjZv welqK Ki KweZvi welqe evLv Kie
KweZv
^`k cg I RvZxqZveva wewfb `kbxq vb cheYi eevKiY Ges G cwZe`bi gvb hvPvB
welqK KweZv welq cwZe`b Zwi
fvlv Av`vjb I gywhy wkv_xiv KweZv Avew Kie Ges Gi gg Dcjw welqei mwVKZv hvPvB
welqK KweZv Ki KweZvi welqe evLv Kie
mc`vqMZ mcxwZ welqK `jxq KvR AskMnY I cheYi gvag
KweZv Amv`vwqK PZbv mwKZ mxZ keY (iex`bv_ g~jvqb
VvKzi I KvRx bRij Bmjvgi Amv`vwqK Mvb)
Ges Mvb welqe mK AvjvPbv
cigZmwnzZv I MYZvwK mswk Mi g~j ee wjLb
g~jeva welqK M
evsjvi mswZ, jvKmswZ I
wk-mvwnZi cwiPq welqK
M`
54
wgK wkLbdj welqe kLb-kLvbv Kvhg g~jvqb
23 `k I RvwZi BwZnvm I HwZni `k I RvwZi BwZnvm I `jxq KvR AskMnY I cheYi gvag
cwiPq w`Z cvie Ges G mcK HwZn welqK KweZv HwZnvwmK vb cwi`kb g~jvqb
BwZevPK gbvfve cKvk KiZ cvie| GKK KvR AwcZ KvRi g~jvqb
gYi AwfZvi eYbv
24 Av_-mvgvwRK ckvMvxi cwZ cwZ Av_-mvgvwRK ckv Mvx `jxq KvR AwcZ KvRi g~jvqb
kvkxj gbvfve e KiZ cvie| welqK M` mswk Kvbv welq AvjvPbv I wbavwiZ weZK
AvqvRb|
bvixi Mievj Ae`vbi BwZevPK bvixi Mievj f~wgKv
g~jvqb KiZ cvie welqK KweZv
25 wki cwZ mse`bkxj gbvfve cKvki wki cwZ mse`bkxj KweZv wk kg, wk ^vfvweK weKvki Aivq kxlK AskMnY I cheYi gvag
wewfb Dcvq e KiZ cvie| AvjvPbvP g~jvqb
26 RvZxq Rxeb bvixi Kg I Ae`vbi (Abykxjb) RvZxq Rxeb bvixi Kg Ae`vb kxlK AvjvPbvP AskMnY I cheYi gvag
cwiPq Zzj aiZ cvie| g~jvqb

27 z` b-Mvxi RxebewP eYbv KiZ z` b-Mvxi Drme cveY y` RvwZmv welqK wP / Z_wP c`kb AskMnY I cheYi gvag
cvie| welqK M` g~jvqb
28 wekl Pvwn`vmb gvbyli Rxebhvvi (Abykxjb)
cwiPq w`Z Ges Zuv`i cwZ mngwgZv
cKvk KiZ cvie|
29 cwiek mPZbZvi iZ I Zvrch cwiek mPZbZv welqK cwiek iv welqK AvjvPbvPi AvqvRb AskMnY I cheYi gvag
evLv weklY KiZ cvie| KweZv g~jvqb
30 wewfb `ki mswZ I wbR `ki gYKvwnwb `jxq KvR cheYi gvag g~jvqb
mswZ mK BwZevPK gbvfve I `ki mswZ welqK PjwP/Z_wP c`kb
kvi cwiPq w`Z cvie|
31 h Kvbv welq ev NUbv eYbvq evwbK Abykxjb Kzmsvi _K DiYi cqvRbxqZv mK AskMnY I cheYi gvag
`wfwi cwiPq w`Z mg ne| AvjvPbvPi AvqvRb g~jvqb

RvZxq wkvg 2012 55

9. g~jvqb wb`wkKv

evsjv welqi 150 b^ii Rb `ywU c _vKe|

c_g c : M`, KweZv I mncvV 100 b^i
wZxq c : evKiY I wbwgwZ 50 b^i

evsjv c_gc
mRbkxj ckcwZi wbqg Abyhvqx evsjv c_g ci b^i eb wbic
ewbevPwb ck 40wU (40 1) = 40 b^i (cwZwU cki gvb 1)
mRbkxj ck 6wU (6 10 ) = 60 b^i (cwZwU cki gvb 10)
gvU = 100 b^i
ewbevPwb Ask `Zvi i wVK iL M`vsk _K 15, KweZvsk _K 15 Ges mncvV _K 10 wU ewbevPwb ck mwbewkZ ne|
mRbkxj Ask 9 wU ck _vKe, cwZwU cki gvb ne 10
M`vsk, KweZvsk I mncvV GB wZbwU Ask wZbwU (3 3 ) Ki gvU 9 wU ck _vKe|
cwZwU Ask nZ Kgc 1wU Ki cki Dimn gvU 6wU cki Di w`Z ne|

evsjv wZxqc
ewbevPbx ck (evKiY I wbwgwZ Ask) 20 wU ck _vKe (20 1) = 20 b^i
wbwgwZ Ask
b^i wefvRb wbic
1. mvivsk/mvigg 2wU ck _vKe, 1wUi Di w`Z ne = 5 b^i
2. fvemmviY 2wU ck _vKe, 1wUi Di w`Z ne = 5 b^i
3. AbyQ`/Abaveb cixY, 2wU ck _vKe, 1wUi Di w`Z ne = 5 b^i
4. c/ `iLv 2wU ck _vKe, 1wUi Di w`Z ne = 5 b^i
5. ce iPbv 3wU ck _vKe (msKZmn), 1wUi Di w`Z ne = 10 b^i
gvU = 50 b^i

RvZxq wkvg 2012 56

10. jLK wb`kbv
9.1 cvVcyK : iciLv (M) evKiY I wbwgwZ
evKiY I wbwgwZ Ask _vKe :
l _K Ag kwYi evsjv wkvgi wfwZ wbPi wZbwU cvVcyK iwPZ ne :
(K) g~j cvVcyK K. l kwY
(L) mncvV cyK evKiY : welqey
(M) evKiY I wbwgwZ 1. fvlv
1.1 fvlv : fve cKvki gvag
(K) g~j cvVcyK
1.2 gvZfvlv I evsjv fvlv
g~j cvVcyK `ywU Ask _vKe : M` I KweZv|
1. l kwY : 1.3 fvlvi Dcv`vb : awb, k, evK
K. M` 8wU 1.4 mvay I PwjZ ixwZZ mebvgi cv_K
L. KweZv 8wU 2. awb I eY
2. mg kwY :
2.1 awb I awbi kwYwefvM
K. M` 9wU
L. KweZv 9wU 2.2 awbi wP : eY
3. Ag kwY : 2.3 Kvi I djv
K. M` 10wU 2.4 hy ebeY
L. KweZv 10wU 2.5 eYweklY
2.6 awbi DPviY
(L ) mncvVcyK
(1) l kwY : 3. mw
K. M- 4wU 3.1 mwi mvaviY cwiPq
L. nvmimvZK M- 1wU 3.2 ^imw : mnR m~ I D`vniY (A, Av, B, C msv mw)-20wU k
M. bvwUKv ev bvUvsk-1wU
(2) mg kwY : 4. evK
K. M- 5wU 4.1 evKi cwiPq
L. M` gYKvwnwb- 1wU 4.2 khvM evK MVb
M. bvUK ev bvUvsk- 1wU 4.3 evKi fveMZ kwYwefvM (weewZg~jK [nuv-evaK, bv-evaK], wRvmvevaK,
(3) Ag kwY :
K. M- 6wU (wPivqZ mvwnZ) wemqevaK I AbyvevaK evK)
L. gYKvwnwb- 1wU
M. bvUK ev bvUvsk- 1wU

RvZxq wkvg 2012 57

5. weivgwP wbwgwZ
5.1 weewZg~jK [nuv-evaK, bv-evaK], ck, wemq I Abyv evK weivgwP 1. Abyaveb cixv
1.1 Abyaveb cixv : cvVcyK _K wbevwPZ AbyQ`i mvnvh (PwjZ ixwZZ)

6. k I c` 3wU D`vniY
6.1 k I c` cwiPq 2. mvivsk I mvigg iPbv
6.2 c`i kwYwefvM : wekl, mebvg, weklY, wqv (mgvwcKv I AmgvwcKv), 2.1 kwYDchvMx M` _K 4wU bgybv
wqv weklY, mshvRK (I, Avi), AveM cKvkK (Bm&, Dt), abvZK
(kuv, kuv) k 3. fvemmviY
[G i Kvbv kwYi c`i DckwY wefvM mwbewkZ ne bv] 3.1 kwYDchvMx M` I c` _K 8wU bgybv
6.3 c` cwieZb (wekl _K weklY I weklY _K wekl) 4. c iPbv
6.4 wekli wj (cyil I bvixevPK wekl)| 4.1 ewMZ c (2wU)
6.5 wj cwieZb (cwiwPZ ki) 4.2 wkv cwZvbi cavbi KvQ c (3wU)
6.6 wekl I mebvgi ePb
5. AbyQ` iPbv
6.7 c (cyil) : ev c kvZv c I Ab c
5.1 Qwe AuvKv
5.2 dwiIqvjv
7. k MVb 5.3 kxZi wcVv
7.1 k MVb : cZqhvM k MVb : cv_wgK aviYv (Kr I ZwZ cZq Avjv`v 5.4 mKvjejv
5.5 Nii mvgbi ivv
Ki `LvZ ne bv)
6. ce iPbv
8. evbvb
6.1 Avgv`i we`vjq
8.1 evbvbi wbqg (hgb, BK I Cq cZqhvM MwVZ ki evbvb)
6.2 RvwZi wcZv eey kL gywReyi ingvb
9. Awfavb
6.3 Avgvi wcq Ljv
9.1 eYvbywgK k mvRvbv
6.4 elvKvj
6.5 Avgvi `Lv b`x
10. kv_ 6.6 mZevw`Zv
10.1 mgv_ k : kixii A cZ I cvKwZK eywelqK AbwaK 20wU k 6.7 Avgv`i Mvg
10.2 wecixZv_ k (cPwjZ 25wU k) 6.8 Avgvi cov GKwU eBqi M
6.9 RvZxq dzj kvcjv

RvZxq wkvg 2012 58

6.10 RvZxq dj KuvVvj 7. k I c`
6.11 RvZxq MvQ Avg MvQ 7.1 KviK I wefw [m`vb KviK ewRZ ne]
6.12 RvZxq c evN 7.2 m I mvab c` [c_gv, wZxqv, ZZxqv BZvw` bvg wefwK AwfwnZ bv
6.13 RvZxq cvwL `vqj Ki Kej wefw (K, i, w`q BZvw`) DjL KiZ ne]
7.3 kic (PwjZ ixwZ) :
(K) wekl ki ic : gvbyl
L. mg kwY (L) mebvg ki ic : Avwg, Zywg, m
1. fvlv 7.4 weklYi Zi I Zg
1.1 fvlvi msv I ewk 8. k MVb
1.2 evsjv fvlvi iZ 8.1 DcmMhvM k MVb (50wU)
1.3 mvay I PwjZ ixwZ mebvg I wqvc`i cv_K 8.2 cZqhvM k MVb (50wU)
2. evKiY 9. evbvb
2.1 evKiY 9.1 evbvbi wbqg : YZ I lZ-weavbi mvaviY wbqg|
2.2 evKiY cvVi cqvRbxqZv 11. kv_
2.3 ^ieY I ebeY 11.1 GKB ki wewfb A_i cqvM (25wU k)
3. awb I eY 11.2 wecixZv_ k w`q evK iPbv (AbwaK 25wU)
3.1 Av awbi DPviY 11.3 mgvPvwiZ wfbv_ k w`q evK iPbv (AbwaK 25wU]
11.4 GK K_vq cKvk (evK msKvPb) [AbwaK 25wU)
4. mw
11.5 evM&aviv (wewkv_K evKvsk) [AbwaK 25wU]
4.1 ebmw : cwiwPZ ki m mwKZ 10wU m~ (D`vniY 40wU k)
wbwgwZ
5. evK
1. Abyaveb cixv
5.1 evKi mvaviY MVb : Dk I weaq
1.1 Abyaveb cixv : cvVm~wP-ewnf~Z kwYDchvMx eB _K wbevwPZ AbyQ`i
5.2 evKi MVbMZ kwYwefvM (mij, RwUj I hwMK evK)
mvnvh PwjZ ixwZi 3wU D`vniY
6. weivgwP
6.1 Kgv I EaKgvi eenvi 2. mvivsk I mvigg iPbv
2.1 kwYDchvMx M` I c` _K 6wU bgybv
3. fvemmviY
3.1 kwYDchvMx M` I c` _K 8wU bgybv

RvZxq wkvg 2012 59

4. c iPbv 4. evK
4.1 c iPbv : ewMZ c AwfZv eYbv (5wU) [Drme- Abyvb, gY, Ljvayjv 4.1 evK MVbi kZ : AvKvv, hvMZv I Avmw|
BZvw` mK] 4.2 L evK, ^vaxb I Aaxb LevK|
4.3 mij, RwUj I hwMK evKi MVb
5. ce iPbv
5. weivgwP
5.1 Avgv`i RvZxq cZvKv
5.1 Kgv, mwgKvjb, Kvjb I nvBdbi eenvi|
5.2 Avgv`i Mvg
6. k I c`
5.3 `kbxq vb
6.1 wjvii wbqg I D`vniY
5.4 evsjv`ki b`-b`x
6.2 eePb MVbi wbqg I D`vniY
5.5 RvZxq Kwe KvRx bRij Bmjvg
6.3 wekli kwYwefvM : msvevPK, kwYevPK, mgwevPK, fveevPK I wqvevPK
5.6 Kx aibi Kx coZ Avgvi fvjv jvM
6.4 wb`kK mebvgi ic (PwjZ ixwZ) : G, I
5.7 Avgvi Pvicvki cKwZ
6.5 avZy I wqvc`
5.8 Avgvi `Lv GKwU gjv
6.6 gwjK I mvwaZ avZy
5.9 GKwU w`bi w`bwjwc
6.7 mKgK I AKgK wqv
5.10 knx` wgbvi
6.8 wqvi Kvj : eZgvb, AZxZ, fwelr I Abyv
5.11 Uwjwfkb
7. k MVb
5.12 kLjveva
7.1 abvZK k, AbyKvi k I kZ|
M. Ag kwY 7.2 k MVb : cv_wgK aviYv (weZ kwYwefvM `LvZ ne bv|)
1. fvlv 8. evbvb
1.1 fvlv 8.1 evbvbi KqKwU mvaviY wbqg|
1.2 gvZfvlv I ivfvlv 9. Awfavb
1.3 mvay I PwjZ ixwZi cv_K 9.1 eYvbyg
2. awb I eY 9.2 fyw I kxl k
2.1 g djv I e djvi DPviY 10. kv_
10.1 GKB k wewfb A_ cqvM Ki evK iPbv (AbwaK 30wU)
3. mw
10.2 mgv_ ki cqvM evK iPbv (AbwaK 30wU)
3.1 wemM mw (D`vniYwj cPwjZ ki ga mxgve _vKe)
10.3 wecixZv_ k cqvM evK iPbv (AbwaK 25wU)
10.4 evM&aviv (wewkv_K evKvsk) [AbwaK 25wU]
[me mg kwYZ c` ki AwZwi k Af y ne]

RvZxq wkvg 2012 60

wbwgwZ
1. Abyaveb kw
1.1 Abyaveb kw cixv : cvVm~wP-ewnf~Z kwYDchvMx eB _K wbevwPZ
AbyQ`i mvnvh 2wU mvay I 2wU PwjZ ixwZi D`vniY [cki Di PwjZ ixwZZ
w`Z ne]
2. mvivsk I mvigg iPbv
2.1 kwYDchvMx M` I c` _K 8wU bgybv
3. fvemmviY
3.1 kwYDchvMx M` I c` _K 10wU bgybv
4. c iPbv
4.1 ewMZ c (wewea) 4wU, Ave`b c (wewea) 4wU, wbgY c 2wU
5. ce iPbv
5.1 evsjv`ki loFZy
5.2 evsjv beel
5.3 weRq w`em
5.4 Ub gY
5.5 gywhy Rv`yNi
5.6 Avgvi QvUejv
5.7 evsjv`ki KlK
5.8 `bw`b Rxeb wevb
5.9 QvRxebi `vwqZ I KZe
5.10 MvQi Rb fvjvevmv
5.11 `bw`b Rxeb wevb
5.12 kgi ghv`v
5.13 cvVvMvii cqvRbxqZv
5.14 KggyLx wkv
5.15 Aaemvq
5.16 ^`k cg

RvZxq wkvg 2012

61
11. evKiY : wkLb-kLvbv Kvhg
evsjv fvlvi wbR^ ewk I wbqg-kLjv mK wkv_xK AvMnx Ki Zvjv Ges eenvwiK Rxeb evsjv fvlv hb -my`i I mvejxjfve cqvM KiZ cvi mwUB ne evKiY
kLvbvi j| mw, DcmM, cZq cfwZ hvM Kxfve k MwVZ nq, k Kxfve eenvi Kij evK mwVK I my`i nq wkK Zv kLvi wkv_x`i mnvqZv Kieb| evKiY
wkvq KwVb msZ k cwinvi Kiv `iKvi| evKiYK KiZ ne fvlv-wkvgyLx| evKiY M cvV Ki wkv_x hvZ AwRZ vb eve cqvM KiZ cvi wkKK mw`K wekl j
ivLZ ne| evKiY cvV hvZ Kej gyL wbfi bv nq, GKgv cixv-cvki welq bv-nq wkK Zv iZi m weePbv Kieb| evKiY M cvVi gvag wkv_xi AwRZ vb hb
gvZfvlvi Abykxjb I cqvM eeZ nq wkK m welqwUi cwZI Lqvj ivLeb|
cvVcyKi AvKvi I cvmsLv
g~j cvVcyK, mncvVcyK Ges evKiY I wbwgwZ cvVcyK 3wUi AvKvi ne wWwm1/8| l kwYi g~j cvVcyK I mncvVcyK AbwaK 80 (Avwk) cv, mg kwYi g~j cvVcyK I
mncvVcyK AbwaK 96 (wQqvbeB) cv Ges Ag kwYi g~j cvVcyK I mncvVcyK AbwaK 112 (GKkZ evi) cv ne | evKiY I wbwgwZ eB 3wU kwYwfwK Abyic cv msLvi
ne| eBwUZ mvi`v A_ev mvwebv Z^x GgR dU 14 cqU nid eenvi KiZ ne| l, mg I AgGB wZbwU kwYi Rb Avjv`v-Avjv`v evKiY I wbwgwZ eB iwPZ ne|
cQ` I Amv
1. AvewkK cvVcyK I mncvV cyK cqvRbvbymvi cvmwK I AvKlYxq wP eenvi KiZ ne|
2. cyKwji cQ` my`k I bv`wbK nZ ne|
3. cyKwjZ k gjvU, DbZgvbi KvMR, Kvwj eenvi KiZ ne|
4. cyKwji AjsKiY GKvwaK is eenvi KiZ ne|

13. cvVcyK : msKjb I iPbvKkj

K. cvVcyK
iciLvq ewYZ cvVcyKi Rb M` I KweZv msKjb Ges iPbvi Dk, welqe I cvwK wkLbdji Dci wekl iZ Avivc KiZ ne|
K. 1 M`vsk
kwYwfwK wkLbm~wP QK ewYZ welqeyi AvjvK wkv_xi eqm, Pvwn`v I aviY gZv weePbvq iL wkLbdj Abyhvqx M` iPbv msKwjZ ne| mwj AvKlYxq Ges wkv_xi mwq
AskMnYi gvag fvlvq 5wU `Zv ARb-DchvMx nZ ne| M` iPbvwj PwjZ fvlv ixwZZ jLv ne| Ze fvlv ixwZi cv_K Abyavebi Rb Ag kwYZ mvay ixwZZ AbwaK 2wU
M` iPbv msKjb Kiv hve| iPbvmg~n wbevwPZ ev bZyb Ki wjwLZ ne| M`wj h_vme Mi fwZ Dcvcb KiZ ne| fvlv I welqMZ iZ Abymvi M`vski cwZwU iPbvi g
wbavwiZ ne|
cwZwU M`i kl wkv_xi Kvhg fvlvwfwK `Zv ARbi DchvMx MVbKvjxb g~jvqbi Kvhg Af z _vKe| Gi ci Abykxjb chvq mRbkxj cki GKwU bgybv I wewfb
aibi ewbevPwb cki 4wU bgybv Afz _vKe| M`i jLK cwiwPwZ, kv_, UxKv M`vski kl _vKe|
K. 2 KweZv

RvZxq wkvg 2012

62
kwYwfwK wkLbm~wP QK ewYZ welqeyi AvjvK KweZv msKwjZ ne| KweZv msKjbi wewk I jcwZ Kwe`i KweZvK cvavb w`Z ne| KweZv msKjbi wkvi-
DchvMx MnYhvMZv Ges fvee fvlv, Q`, im I AjsKvi A_vr Kvem`hK weklfve iZ c`vb Kiv ne|
cwZwU KweZvi kl wkv_xi Kvhg MVbKvjxb g~jvqbi Kvhg Af
z _vKe| Gi ci Abykxjb chvq mRbkxj cki GKwU bgybv I wewfb aibi ewbevPwb cki 4wU bgybv
Afz _vKe| Kwe cwiwPwZ, kv_, UxKv M`vski kl _vKe|
L. mncvV cyK
wkv_x`i mRbkxj mvwnZ AvMnx Kivi j l, mg I Ag kwYZ GKwU AvewkK mncvV cyK _vKe| G cyKwUZ msKwjZ iPbvjv hb Avb``vqK, KZ~njvxcK Ges
wkvgi Dk ARbi mnvqK nq m w`K wekl j ivLZ ne|
cwZwU Mi kl wkv_xi Kvhg MVbKvjxb g~jvqbi Kvhg Af
z _vKe| Gi ci Abykxjb chvq mRbkxj cki GKwU bgybv I wewfb aibi ewbevPwb cki 4wU bgybv
Afz _vKe| jLK cwiwPwZ, kv_, UxKv M`vski kl _vKe|
M. evKiY I wbwgwZ
1. evKiY : evKiYi cZKwU welq mnR I mijfve eYbvZK ixwZZ iPbv KiZ ne| D`vniYi Rb evK, c`, k cfwZ wkv_xi evsjv cvVcyK Ges mycwiwPZ kmvi
_K msMn KiZ ne| evKiY M hb msZ evKiYi cfve _K h_vme gy nq m w`K wekl j ivLZ ne| evKiY eBwUZ cqvRb Abyhvqx Qwe, P Ges mviwY
_vKe| eBwU PwjZ fvlvixwZZ wjwLZ ne| cZK cwiQ`i kl cvVi welq Abyhvqx Abykxjbx _vKe| AbykxjbxZ cvqvwMK w`K wekl iZ cve|
2. wbwgwZ:
2.1 wbw` welq Abymvi mnR, mij I cvj fvlvq PwjZixwZZ iwPZ ne|
2.2 wbwgwZ-fvM ce iPbv, mvivsk I mvigg, fvemmviY, AbyQ` iPbv, Abyaveb-cixY (comprehension), wPwVc BZvw` _vKe| cwZwU welq iPbvi wbqgbxwZ I chv
Abykxjbx Af z KiZ ne| GB Aski gvag wkv_xi Abyaveb, cqvM I wePvi-weklY `Zv hvPvB Kivi myhvM mw KiZ ne|

RvZxq wkvg 2012 63

14. wkK-wb`wkKv : iciLv I iPbvKkj
K. f~wgKv
Kvbv wkvbxwZi AvjvK MnxZ wkvg evevqbi wkK Ges wkLb-kLvbv cwZ DfqB mgfve iZc~Y| Ze vb, mgq I cwiwwZ Abyhvqx GKRb wkK wkLb-kLvbvi cwZ
I Kkj cqvM wfbZv AvbZ cvib| wK Zv AekB wb`wkZ bxwZgvjvi wfwZ| eZgvb wek wkLb-kLvbvi wevbwfwK cwieZbi cUf~wgZ evsjv`kI m welq cixv-wbixv
i nqQ| GiB avivevwnKZvq RvZxq wkvbxwZ-2010-Gi AvjvK wkvg Dbqb KwgwU : (welq evsjv) MwVZ nq| GKwU wevbgb, MYZvwK I D`vi gvbweK PZbvmb I mRbkxj RvwZ
Movi j mvgb iL evsjv fvlv wkvg iwPZ nqQ| eve AwfZv I vbi m mRbkxjZvi mKi welqwUK G wkvg iZ `Iqv nqQ| wkLb-kLvbvi kwYK cvV
Dcvcb, chywi mevg eenvi, wkv_xi AskMnYg~jK ZrciZv, AvjvPbv, kwYKi evBii AwfZv, Abykxjb me wKQyB wbfi Ki wkKi `Zv I Kkji Ici| Gw`K _K wkK-
wb`wkKv wkKi Kg-mnvqK wnme weewPZ|
bxwZgvjv
1. evsjv fvlv wkLb-kLvbvi kwYwfwK Dk m G wb`wkKvq wevwiZ eYbv I evLv _vKe|
2. evsjv fvlv wkv`vbi wevbmZ I cvqvwMK cwZjvi AvjvPbv _vKe Ges Zvi Kvhg cqvM Kivi my wb`kbv _vKe|
3. cvVwelqK mnR, ^Q` I Avb`gq KiZ wb`wkKvq wkKi Rb my evLv _vKe| cZK kwYi cvVgi Rb ^Z wb`kbv _vKe|
4. evsjv fvlv wkLb-kLvbvi Dki wfwZ wkv_xi KvwZ AvPiYi welq wb`kbv _vKe|
5. cvV c`vbi mgq cvV-Dcvcb evegyLx I cvj Kivi j cZK cvV-Dcvcbi mgq cqvRbxq I h_vh_ wkv-DcKiY eenvii wb`k _vKe| vbxqfve mnRjf DcKiY
eenvii wb`k _vKe| cqvRb DcKiY Zwii Rb wP GuK `Iqv hZ cvi|
6. cvV-Dcvcb djcm~ KiZ m~iK cvV I Abykxjbx _vKe| G welq wkKi cwZ wb`kbv _vKe|
7. cvVcyK cZK cvVi kl Abykxjbxi ga fvlvwfwK Kvhg _vKe| Gjvi ga w`q wkv_xi gwjK wPv I Dvebx gZvi weKvk NUe| wkK wb`wkKvq G me fvlvwfwK
cki mgvavb mK AvjvPbv _vKe|
8. AvewkK I mncvVcyK KweZv, M Ges wewfb aibi iPbv _vKe| wkK wb`wkKvq Gme iPbvi welq-ewk I ic-ixwZ mK AvjvPbv _vKe|
9. lAg wkvi cZK kwYZ mncvVcyK AekcvV| wb`wkKvq G mncvVcyKi cvV-Dcvcbi Dk mK AvjvPbv _vKe Ges cvV-Dcvcbi cwZ mKI wb`kbv
_vKe|
10. wkvi mKj chvqB evKiY cvV AcvKZ `yin wnme weewPZ| GRb evKiYi cvV-Dcvcb Kxfve AvKlYxq I mRbagx Ki Zvjv hvq m-mK weZ AvjvPbv _vKe|
mnR, mvejxj I hyMvchvMx cvV-Dcvcbi j kwYi cvVcyK _K Dcv (hgb k, c`, evK) MnY I D`vniY wnme eenvii wb`kbv _vKe|
11. cwZwU cvV g~jvqbi mywbw` cwZ mK evLv I `v _vKe|
12. l-Ag i cwgZ evsjv DPviY I evPwbK mvejxjZvi wkv_xi `Zv ARbK wkK wekl iZ `eb| G wkKi wbRi DPviY I evPwbK DrKl wbwZ Kiv
cqvRb|
13. eZgvb ii wkvg cvV c`vbi wkv_xi AskMnYg~jK KgZrciZvi Ici mwekl iZ `Iqv ne| wkK wb`wkKvi G w`KwU h_vh_ iZ w`q Dcvcb KiZ ne|
14. wkK cwkY : eZgvb wkvg I cvVm~wPi AvjvK bZzb wkK cwkY wb`wkKv cYqb Ki evcK I wbweo wkK cwkYi eev MnY cqvRb|

RvZxq wkvg 2012 64

 wkvg QK
evsjv
beg-`kg kwY

RvZxq wkvg 2012 65

1. f~wgKv
gnvb gywhyi gvag AwRZ ^vaxb mvefg evsjv`ki ivfvlv evsjv| evsjv G `ki msLvMwi gvbyli gvZfvlv| evsjv fvlvi m weRwoZ iqQ gnvb fvlv Av`vjbi Awebvkx
PZbv| Avgv`i `bw`b Rxeb, fve-wewbgq, Kgmv`b I hvMvhvMi gvag wnme evsjv fvlvi f~wgKv Acwinvh| wkv_xi gvbm-weKvk, ewZ ARb Ges mvgvwRK-ewkK
PZbvmb cwikxwjZ mswZgvb bvMwiK wnme Mo IVvi cQbI cwgZ evsjv fvlvq `Zv ARbi iZ Acwimxg| Avgv`i `k wkvi gvag I cVbxq welq wnme evsjv fvlv
K`xq Aevb iqQ| G fvlvq `Zv ARbi Ici Abvb welq wkv_xi cvi`wkZv I bcyY ARb ejvsk wbfikxj| RvZxq Rxebi me evsjv fvlvi eenvi I cqvM `p
Kivi RbI wkvi wewfb i evsjv fvlv wkLb-kLvbv cwqv mycwiKwZ I h_vh_ nIqv cqvRb|

gvawgK wkv (beg-`kg kwY) RvZxq wkv-KvVvgvi wZxq i| GB i mvwnZi gvag Rxeb I RMZi bvbv welq mK wkv_xK AvMnx I KZ~njx Ki Zvjv, `bw`b Rxebi
wewfb cwiek-cwiwwZZ ^Q` fvewewbgq I hvMvhvMi cvi`wkZv ARb, fve cKvki DchvMx kfvvi ew, mvwnZi bvbv ickwYi m cwiwPwZ jvfi gvag wkv_xi
Kbvkw I mRbkxjZvi weKvk, ewPgq cvVi gvag gvbweK g~jeva ARbK wekl iZ `Iqv nqQ|

Ag kwY ch wkv_xi AwRZ fvwlK `Zv I mvwnZevaK AMmi Ki bIqv Ges wkv_xi fvlvvbK AwaKZi cqvMgyLx Kiv beg I `kg kwYi evsjv wkvgi g~j Dk|
fvlv I mvwnZwfwK wewfb cvV Ges Kg-Abykxjb cwqvi gvag AwRZ fvwlK `Zvmg~n weZ I msnZ Kiv beg-`kg kwYi wkvgi wekl j| GKzk kZKi cvcU RvZxq
I ewkK PZbv Ges gvbweK g~jeva DxweZ AvaywbK gvbyl Movi j mvgb iL welqe wbevPb fvlv Av`vjb, gnvb gywhy, evOvwj RvZxqZvev`, Amv`vwqK RxebPZbv,
bwZK I gvbweK g~jeva, y` RvwZmv Ges wekl Pvwn`vmb gvbyli cm iZ cqQ| GKB m ivfvlv evsjvq `Zv ARbi gvag `kcwgK bvMwiK Ges ` gvbem`
mw eZgvb wkvbxwZi GB j I DkK mvgb iL beg-`kg kwYi GB evsjv wkvg cYxZ nqQ|

bZzb evsjv wkvgK h_vme AvKlYxq, mwq AskMnYg~jK, cvqvwMK I cwiwgZ Kivi Ici iZ Avivc Kiv nqQ hvZ Zv wkv_xi Rb evSv nq bv `vuovq|

RvZxq wkvg 2012

66
2. Dk

1. evsjv fvlvi ewk I iZ mK aviYv ARb Kiv|

2. evsjv fvlvi wewfb Dcv`vb I AwbwnZ kLjv mK aviYv msnZ Kiv Ges Zv cqvM mg nIqv|
3. cwgZ evsjv fvlv eenvi AwaKZi `Zv, `pZv I msnwZ ARb Kiv|
4. cvqvwMK I KggyLx fvlv`Zv ARb mg nIqv|
5. cvVvfvm AvMnx nIqv I cwVZ welqi gg Abyaveb mg nIqv|
6. evsjv mvwnZ cvVi gvag mvwnZi wewfb ickwY mK aviYv jvf Ges mjvi ggvcjw I imv^v`b mvg_ ARb Kiv|
7. Abymwrmv, Kbvkw I mRbkxjZvi weKvk mvab mg nIqv|
8. bwZK, mvgvwRK g~jeva I PvwiwK Yvewj ARb Kiv|
9. fvlv Av`vjb I gywhyi PZbvi AvjvK `kcg I RvZxqZveva Dy nIqv|
10. Amv`vwqK gbvfve I gvbweK g~jeva DxweZ nIqv|
11. evsjvi mswZ, jvKmswZ I HwZn mK aviYv jvf Ges ggZi gbvfve ARb Kiv|
12. Av_-mvgvwRK kwY-ckv, wk-bvix-cyil, z` bMvx, wekl Pvwn`vmb ew wbwekl mKji cwZ mse`bkxjZv I mgghv`vi gbvfve ARb Kiv|
13. cwiek-PZbv, wevbgbZv I ewkK `wfw ARb Kiv|

RvZxq wkvg 2012 67

1. evsjv fvlv wkv
wkLbdj welqe wkLb-kLvbv wb`kbv g~jvqb wb`kbv wekl jLK wb`kbv
eywewK
1. evsjv fvlvi wewfb ic I evsjv fvlvi cwiPq
ixwZ mK aviYv e KvwiKzjvg QKi
KiZ cvie| kl 17 b^i cvq
jLK wb`kbv
Dcfvlv evW cwgZ evsjv fvlvixwZZ (PwjZ) `ywU evK cwgZ evsjv I wbR wbR
mshy|
2. AvwjK fvlv ev Dcfvlv wjLb| Dcfvlvi cv_K mwKZ
mK aviYv e KiZ GKwU bgybv evK : aviYv hvPvB|
cvie| mKvjejv MvQ em cvwL WvKQ|
wkv_x KZK wbR wbR AvwjK fvlvq evK `ywU ejv
I jLv|
wkK KZK cwgZ evsjv fvlvixwZ I AvwjK
wbevwPZ cvV fvlvixwZi gaKvi cv_K wb`k|

3. wbevwPZ cvVi gvag evsjv

fvlvi iZ evLv KiZ evsjv fvlvi iZ
cvie|

4. Rxebi mei evsjv fvlvi

iZ cKvk KiZ cvie|

RvZxq wkvg 2012 68

1. evsjv fvlvq evKiY
wkLbdj welqe wkLb-kLvbv wb`kbv g~jvqb wb`kbv wekl jLK wb`kbv
eywewK evsjv awb cwiPq GKK KvR: evKiY iPbvi
1. evsjv awbmg~ni cwiPq DPviYi vb Abyhvqx QK c~iY| hgb: QKc~iYi kyZv hvPvB evsjv
(DPviYi vb I ixwZ awb DPviY vb GKvWgx cKvwkZ
Abyhvqx) eYbv KiZ cwgZ evsjv fvlvi
cvie| K K evKiY, mybxwZ
Kzgvi Pvcvavq I
awbi DPviYixwZ DPviYi Zv hvPvB W. gyn`
knx`yjvni evKiY
2. evsjv awbjvi Mmn DjLhvM
cwgZ evsjv evbvbi Zv hvPvB
DPviYi wbqg eYbv evKiY AbymiY
evbvbi wbqg
KiZ cvie| Kiv hZ cvi|
wmwW _K cwgZ evsjv fvlvixwZi GKwU bgybv
3. cwgZ evsjv evbvbi KqKevi kvbvbv| Zvici kZ Aski evK ev
wbqg cqvM KiZ evsjv k cwiPq k DPviY KiZ ejv|
cvie| wkv_x KZK Pvi cvki `Lv wevcbdjK,
k MVb
`vKvbi bvgdjK, moKi bvg, mvBbevW, wej
evW I gyw`Z KvMRc BZvw`i fzj evbvb gvb Abyhvqx ZviKv cyivi
4. evsjv ki cKvif` wPwZKiY Ges ZvwjKvi gvag mjvi c`vb
kbv KiZ cvie| evsjv evK cwiPq ic c`kb|
evKi cKvif`
5. evsjv k MVbi kbvKiYi h_v_Zv
Dcvqjv eYbv KiZ cwgZ DPviY g~jvqb
cvie| `jxq KvR :
kwYK cwZ`jK `yBwU Ki DcmM w`q
(hgb: K `j cwi-, wb-) kMVb Ljvi
6. evsjv evKi ewk I AvqvRb|
cKvif` mK aviYv GKK KvR :
e KiZ cvie| evW wjwLZ 7/8 wU bgybv evKK cKvif`
Abyhvqx webvmKiY|
7. cwgZ DPviY evsjv
fvlvq K_v ejZ cvie|

RvZxq wkvg 2012 69

evsjv fvlvq evKiY Pjgvb 2
wkLbdj welqe wkLb-kLvbv wb`kbv g~jvqb wb`kbv wekl jLK wb`kbv
eywewK
8. welq I fvee Abyhvqx k cqvM
Dchy k cqvM KiZ
cvie|
9. welq I fvee Abyhvqx evK cqvM
wbevwPZ AbyQ` _K wewfb kkwY (c`) LuyR QK c~iYi h_v_Zv hvPvB
evK cqvM KiZ cvie| wbq QK c~iY Kiv|
evsjv c` bgybv QK:
10. evsjv evKiwYK kkwY kkwY (c`) kmg~n
(c`) mwKZ aviYv e cwiPq
wekl
KiZ cvie|
mebvg
weklY
wqv Dii mwVKZv hvPvB
11. evsjv wefwi eenvi wqvweklY
mK aviYv e KiZ I
Zv cqvM KiZ cvie| evsjv wefw
GKK KvR:
Dii mwVKZv hvPvB I
evW weivgwPnxb AbyQ` wjLb|
12. evsjv evK weivgwP ZviKv cyivi
h_vh_fve cqvM KiZ weivgwP LvZvq h_vh_ weivgwP cqvM|
cvie|
13. wewkv_K evsjv k cqvM
wewkv_K k `jMZ KvR
KiZ cvie| mgv_K I wecixZv_K k ejvi cwZhvwMZv
14. A_MZ wewfbZv Abyhvqx k
cqvM KiZ cvie| mgv_K I wfbv_K
k

RvZxq wkvg 2012 70

2. evKiY I wbwgwZ
wkLbdj welqe wkLb-kLvbv wb`kbv g~jvqb wb`kbv wekl jLK wb`kbv
eywewK

1. `bw`b ev eenvwiK cwgZ evsjv fvlv

Rxeb hvMvhvMi eenvii iZ cvVcyK
gvag wnme cwgZ iPbvi mgq
evsjv fvlv eenvii Abykxjbi
iZ e Rb chv
KiZ cvie| cwgZ evsjvq kZ cPvwiZ I c`wkZ Abyvb b I `L cwgZ gge Abyaveb I ejvi myhvM ivLv
welqi gg evsjvq welqe ev gg I Abyf~wZ eKiY `Zv hvPvB hZ cvi|
2. cwgZ evsjv fvlv eenvi eKiY
Ki kZ ev cwVZ
Aski gg e KiZ
cvie| h_vh_ k cqvM

3. AbyQ` I iPbv jLvi

welq Abymvi evM&aviv, cev`-
h_vh_ k eenvi KiZ cePb
cvie|

4. evK evM&aviv, cev`-

cePb eenvi KiZ
cvie|

RvZxq wkvg 2012 71

3. evsjv fvlvi cvqvwMK
wkLbdj welqe wkLb-kLvbv wb`kbv g~jvqb wb`kbv wekl jLK wb`kbv
eywewK
1. Awfavbi eenvi Rb Zv Awfavb eenvi Awfavb `L `Z k mvb I A_ wb`k ZviKv cyivi
cqvM KiZ cvie|
mswk welq
2. `bw`b eenvwiK cqvRb
wPwVc, `iLv, Ly`evZv,
B-gBj BZvw`
cd mskvab
wjLZ cvie| AwcZ KvRi gvb hvPvB
3. cd mskvabi cwZ wkL
mswk cvV
Zv cqvMKiZ cvie| we`vjqi evwlK mvswZK Abyvbi Rb GKwU
4. `qvjc (cvvi), `qvjc (cvvi) Zwi Kiv| cvV mswk
wejevW, wevcb BZvw`i
cvV cZ KiZ cvie| welqi wKQz
mvimscY
bgybv cvVcyK
5. mvimscY Zwi KiZ mshvRb Kiv
cvie| cwZe`b
hZ cvi|
6. msev`c cKvki Rb wkv_xi AskMnY
cwZe`b wbicY
mv`bv wkv_x Zvi ^iwPZ jLv, AwZ Qwe, msMnxZ
Zwi KiZ cvie|
gbvcwkR KZyK, KZ~njvxcK Z_ BZvw` w`q GKwU
7. we`vjq `qvwjKv, nvZ jLv kwYcwKv cKvk
iwYKv, evwlK cwKv (me nj KwDUvi KvR Ki cKvk Kiv)
BZvw` mv`bvi KvR
Ask wbZ cvie|

*ZviKv cyivi cwZ : wkv_x`i ga Avb`RbK, cwZhvwMZvg~jK, DrmvnevK I ZrciZv mwi Rb `jMZ KvRi ZviKv cyivi ceZb Kiv hvq| ZviKv cyivi c`vbi
cwZ nj- `j msLv hZ ne k `j ZZwU ZviKv cyivi cve| Gi ci gvbi g Abyhvqx cwZwU `ji Rb GKwU Ki ZviKv Kg hve| mekl `jwU GKwU gv ZviKv cyivi cve|

RvZxq wkvg 2012 72

4. evsjv fvlv PPv
wkLbdj welqe wkLb-kLvbv wb`kbv g~jvqb wb`kbv wekl jLK wb`kbv
eywewK

1. cvVm~wP ewnf~Z eB-cyK I cvVm~wP ewnf~Z wbavwiZ KvR welqe I gg Abyavebi

c- cwKv co welqe I cVbxq Dcv`vb GKK KvR : h_v_Zv hvPvB
gg e KiZ cvie| GK mvni hKvbv GKwU `wbK cwKvq cKvwkZ
Leii ga _K GKwU AvKlYxq Lei KU wbq
Zvi welqe I gg jLvmn Rgv `Iqv
`qvj cwKvi gvb hvPvB
`jMZ KvR :
cwKvi KvwUsjv mvwRq welqe I ggmn
`jMZfve `qvj cwKv Zwi

cvVm~wP ewnf~Z welqei h_v_Zv hvPvB

2. cvVi m msMwZc~Y iPbv cVbxq Dcv`vb
co Zzjbvg~jK AvjvPbv GKK KvR :
KiZ cvie| eZgvb kwYi Kvbv GKwU cvVi m c~ei h-
Kvbv kwYi cvVi wgj AvQ wK bv Zv Abymvb
Ki GKwU AbyQ` iPbv Ki Rgv `Iqv

RvZxq wkvg 2012 73

5. evsjv mvwnZi ickwY
wkLbdj welqe wkLb-kLvbv wb`kbv g~jvqb wb`kbv wekl jLK wb`kbv
eywewK mvwnZi ickwY we`vjqi cvVvMvi/vbxq cvVvMvi / Kvbv ewi welqei h_v_Zvi gvb evsjv mvwnZi
1. mvwnZi wewfb ickwYi msMnxZ cvVvMvi cwi`kbi gvag wkv_x KZK hvPvB wewfb ickwYi
cwiPq w`Z cvie| cvVcyK ewnf~Z h Kvbv cvuPwU Dcbvm, cvuPwU cwiPq enb Ki
M, cvuPwU KweZv I cvuPwU bvUKi bvgi ZvwjKv Ggb GKwU ce
2. KweZvi mvaviY ewk eYbv KweZvi mvaviY Zwi msKjY Kiv
KiZ cvie| ewk ckvii gvag hZ cvi|
3. KweZv co Zvi g~jfve AaxZ Kvbv KweZv Aej^b KweZvi mvaviY ewk evaMgZv hvPvB
weklY KiZ cvie| mK AvjvPbv
QvUMi mvaviY
4. QvUMi mvaviY ewk ewk
eYbv KiZ cvie| ckvii gvag
wbmM welqK M
5. QvUM co Zvi welqe, evaMgZv hvPvB
AaxZ Kvbv QvUM Aej^b Mi mvaviY ewk
ee I Pwi weklY KiZ mK AvjvPbv
cvie| Dcbvmi mvaviY ckvii gvag
ewk evaMgZv hvPvB
6. Dcbvmi mvaviY ewk gywhy welqK
eYbv KiZ cvie| Dcbvm AaxZ Kvbv Dcbvm Aej^b Dcbvmi mvaviY ckvii gvag
7. Dcbvm co Zvi welqe, ewk mK AvjvPbv evaMgZv hvPvB
ee I Pwi evLv KiZ
cvie| bvUKi mvaviY
ewk
8. bvUKi mvaviY ewk eYbv wbevwPZ bvUK
KiZ cvie| wbevwPZ Kvbv bvUKi wfwWI `L bvUKi ewk
9. bvUK co Zvi welqe, mK AvjvPbv
NUbvaviv, Pwi weklY msKwjZ ce
KiZ cvie|
10. ce co Zvi ee wbRi
fvlvq eYbv KiZ cvie|

RvZxq wkvg 2012 74

6. evsjv fvlvq mRbkxjZv
wkLbdj welqe wkLb-kLvbv wb`kbv g~jvqb wb`kbv wekl jLK wb`kbv
eywewK
1. Abymwrmy nq bZzb bZzb mswk welq kwYK kvehi (AwWI) gvag wbevwPZ AwcZ KvRi g~jvqb
k bZ Ges Zvi ZvwjKv Avew, eZv BZvw` kvbv I bZzb ki ZvwjKv
cYqb KiZ cvie| cYqb
AwcZ KvRi g~jvqb
2. cwiwPZ RMr I wbRi mswk welq Kvbv `kbxq vb cwi`kb Ki cwi`kb
AwfZvi welq e KiZ AwfZv wjL Rgv `vb AskMnYi mwqZv
cvie| wbicY
mswk welq Avew, DcwZ eZv, avivevwnK Mejv I weZK
3. Avew, DcwZ eZv, cwZhvwMZvi AvqvRb Kiv
avivevwnK M ejv, weZK
cwZhvwMZvq AskMnY,
mvjbv I Dcvcbv KiZ wkv_xiv hvZ
cvie| mRbkxj jLvq
mswk welq mRbkxj jLv cKvkbvi Rb eQi AZ `yBevi
Dy nq Ggb
4. Qov, KweZv, M, ce `qvj cwKv cKvk Ges me nj evwlK cwKv
jLv cvVcyK
jLvi cwZhvwMZvq cKvk
mshvRb Kiv
AskMnY KiZ mswk welq hZ cvi|
cvie| evwoi KvR :
mRbkxj jLv Zwi Kiv
5. `qvj cwKv, zj gvMvwRb
I wKkvi cwKvq cKvki msev` Dcvcbv
Rb jLv Zwi KiZ GKK KvR : AwcZ KvRi g~jvqb
cvie| msev` cvVK/DcvcK wnme f~wgKvwfbq
(Role play)
6. cwgZ evsjvq wk-wKkvi w`bwjwc wjLb
DchvMx msev` cwiekb/ evwoi KvR:
Dcvcb KiZ cvie| Kvbv GKwU wbavwiZ w`bi w`bwjwc wjLb
7. w`bwjwc wjLZ I ZvZ
wbRi gbvfve cKvk KiZ
cvie|

RvZxq wkvg 2012 75

7. evsjv fvlv I mvwnZ g~jeva
wkLbdj welqe wkLb-kLvbv wb`kbv g~jvqb wb`kbv wekl jLK wb`kbv
eywewK

1. bvq, mZZv, mRb, bvqcivqYZv, mswk welq wbavwiZ eZvi AvqvRb| (8.1 - 8.5) welqei h_v_Zv I
m`vPvi BZvw` mZZv Dcvcbvi gvb g~jvqb
bwZKg~jevai cwiPq
w`Z cvie|
`ybxwZ I Gi
2. Abvq, AmZ I `ybxwZi cwZKvi
wei gZvgZ e KiZ
cvie|
mxwZ, welqei
3. Acii cwZ kveva I cigZmwnzZv wfwZ evsjv
mnv`c~Y mK eRvq evKiY I
ivLvi iZ eYbv KiZ iPbv Ask
cvie| Z_mg
mvgvwRK Dbqb,
ce/wbe/iP
4. mvgvwRK Rxeb MVbg~jK mvgvwRK Abyvb bv mshvRb
wewfb KvR AskMnYi Kiv hZ
iZ evLv KiZ cvie| Aaemvq, cvi|
mwnzZv, kLjv,
wkvPvi
5. Aaemvq, mwnzZv, kLjv,
wkvPviBZvw` PvwiwK
Yvewji MyiZ evLv KiZ
cvie|

RvZxq wkvg 2012 76

8. evsjv fvlv I mwnZ `kcg
wkLbdj welqe wkLb-kLvbv wb`kbv g~jvqb wb`kbv wekl jLK wb`kbv
eywewK

1. gnvb fvlv Av`vjbi fvlvAv`vjb `jMZ KvR :
Dii mwVKZv hvPvB
AvjvK fvlv Av`vjbwfwK Kvbv bvUKi GKwU Ask Awfbq Ki
gvZfvlvcxwZ, `kcg I `Lvbv| AwfbxZ Aski fvee mK kwY Afxv MnY|
evsjv M`
RvZxqZvevai cwiPq
msKjb, KweZv
w`Z cvie|
gywhy msKjb,
2. gywhyi PZbvq Dy
Dcbvm Ges
nq `k MVb mwq
bvUK wbevPbi
nIqvi iZ e KiZ
cwi`kb DcwwZ I gywhyi
cvie| gywhyi M gywhy Rv`yNi wKsev gywhy ev gywhvvi AvPiY cheY Ici iZ
wZweRwoZ vb cwi`kb `Iqv hZ
3. gywhvv`i msMvgx
`kcwgK f~wgKvi cwZ cvi|
kv c`kb Dy& ne|

4. gywhy I gywhyi
PZbv mKAbyf~wZ e
KiZ cvie|

RvZxq wkvg 2012 77

9. evsjv fvlv I mvwnZ gvbweKZv
wkLbdj welqe wkLb-kLvbv wb`kbv g~jvqb wb`kbv wekl jLK wb`kbv
eywewK

1. gvbe Rxeb Amv`vwqK Amv`vwqK Amv`vwqK PZbv I gvbeZveva msewjZ Gm we G Gi gvag

PZbvi iZ evLv KiZ PZbv aviYKZ mxZ keY g~jvqb KiZ ne|
cvie|

2. RvwZ-ag-eY-Mv gvbeRvwZ
wbwekl mKj gvbyli cwZ
ggZv I cxwZi gbvfve
c`kbi iZ e KiZ
cvie|
gvbeZv
3. gvbeZvweivax KvRi m
gvbweK g~jevai Zzjbv
KiZ cvie|

RvZxq wkvg 2012 78

10. evsjv fvlv I mvwnZ jvKR Dcv`vb
wkLbdj welqe wkLb-kLvbv wb`kbv g~jvqb wb`kbv wekl jLK wb`kbv
eywewK

1. evsjvi mswZ I evsjvi mswZ I ewniY Abykxjb (AvDUWvi vwW) :
AwcZ KvRi g~jvqb
jvKmswZi cwiPq w`Z jvK mswZ Kvbv gjv/ wcVv Drme/jvKR Mvbi Abyvb
cvie| /bKv evBP/ cyZzj bvP BZvw` cheY
cvV Kvbv
mvswZK I Ask
2. wewfb mvswZK I jvKR jvKR Abyvb evsjv`ki
Abyvb `L I b eYbv Kvbv gjv/
I Abyf~wZ cKvk KiZ wcVv
cvie| Drme/jvKR
evsjvi HwZni
Mvbi Abyvb
cwiPq
3. evsjvi iZc~Y HwZni /bKv evBP/
cwiPq Zzj aiZ cvie| mswZ I HwZn cyZzj bvP
BZvw` eYbv
mg Kvbv
4. evsjvi mswZ I HwZni jLv mshvRb
cwZ ggZi gbvfve Kiv hZ
cKvk KiZ cvie| cvi|

RvZxq wkvg 2012 79

11. evsjv fvlv I mvwnZ bvbv kwY-ckvi gvbyl
wkLbdj welqe wkLb-kLvbv wb`kbv g~jvqb wb`kbv wekl jLK wb`kbv
eywewK

1. Av_-mvgvwRK kwY- ckvi wewfb kwY-ckvi ewniY Abykxjb :
cwZe`b g~jvqb
gvbyli cwZ kv, ggZi gvbyl we`vjqi cvkeZx Aji wewfb kwY- ckvi (hgb :
gbvfve cKvk KiZ ZvuwZ, Kvgvi, Kzgvi, Rj, kvuLvwi, kwgK, KlK, e`, gywP,
cvie| wiKkvIqvjv) gvbyl`i Rxebhvv `L Gm GKK/`jMZ
cwZe`b Zwi|

wki cwZ welqe mswk

mse`bkxjZv Kvbv jLv
2. wki cwZ mse`bkxj
mshvRb Kiv
AvPiYi iZ evLv
cYxZ ZvwjKvi g~jvqb hZ cvi|
KiZ cvie| wkv_xi cwievii evBi bvixiv Rxeb I RxweKvi
bvixi cwZ kv
Rb Kx Kx KvR Ki Zvi ZvwjKv cYqb|
3. bvix Ges bvixi Kg I
RxweKvi cwZ kvi
z`- bMvx
gbvfve cKvk KiZ
cvie|

4. y` bMvxi cwZ
mgghv`vi gbvfve cKvk wekl Pvwn`vmb
KiZ cvie| gvbyl

5. wekl Pvwn`vmb gvbyli

cwZ mse`bkxj nIqvi
iZ e KiZ cvie|

RvZxq wkvg 2012 80

12. evsjv fvlv I mvwnZ cwiek
wkLbdj welqe wkLb-kLvbv wb`kbv g~jvqb wb`kbv wekl jLK wb`kbv
eywewK

1. cwiek mPZbZvi cwiPq cwiek PZbv

w`Z cvie|

AveMxq Aci `k I
mswZ gvwwgwWqvi gvag wbevwPZ `ki mswZi cheYi gvag welqe mswk
2. Aci RvwZ, `k I Zvi
wfwWI c`kb g~jvqb Kvbv jLv
mswZi cwZ kvi
mshvRb Kiv
gbvfve cKvk KiZ
hZ cvi|
cvie| ckvii gvag
wekvZeva
`jMZ KvR : g~jvqb
eywewK
weki m Avgv`i hvM G welq AvjvPbv
3. ewkK PZbvi cwiPq
c`vb KiZ cvie| wevbgbZv

4. Rxebi mei
wevbgbZvi iZ
evLv KiZ cvie|

RvZxq wkvg 2012 81

g~jvqb wb`kbv

evsjv c_gc
mRbkxj ckcwZi wbqg Abyhvqx evsjv c_g ci b^i eb wbic
ewbevPwb ck 40wU (40 1) = 40 b^i (cwZwU cki gvb 1)
mRbkxj ck 6wU (6 10) = 60 b^i (cwZwU cki gvb 10)
gvU = 100 b^i
ewbevPwb Ask `Zvi i wVK iL M`vsk _K 15, KweZvsk _K 15 Ges mncvV _K 10 wU ewbevPwb ck mwbewkZ ne|
mRbkxj Ask 9 wU ck _vKe cwZwU cki gvb ne 10
M`, KweZv I mncvV GB wZbwU Ask wZbwU Ki gvU 9 wU ck _vKe|
cwZwU Ask nZ Kgc 1wU Ki cki Dimn gvU 6wU cki Di w`Z ne|

evsjv wZxqc
ewbevPbx ck (evKiY I wbwgwZ Ask) (501) (cwZwU cki gvb 1) = 50 b^i

wbwgwZ gvU b^i = 50 b^i

iPbvg~jK Ask wefvRb wbic
1. Abyev` = 5 b^i
2. c/ `iLv/ gvbc/cwKvq cKvki Rb wPwV = 5 b^i
3. mvivsk A_ev mvigg = 10 b^i
4. fvemmviY = 10 b^i
5. ce/ iPbv wjLb = 20 b^i

megvU = 100

RvZxq wkvg 2012 82

cvVcyK : msKjb I iPbv Kkj wewfb AvwKi DjLhvM iPbvmg~n msKjb KiZ ne| msKwjZ ev iwPZ
M`vsk ne wbic:
cvVcyK K. M` iPbv/ce : 10wU
L. M : 10wU
beg-`kg kwYi evsjv wkvg Abyhvqx wbwjwLZ evsjv cvVcyK wjwLZ ne: M. Dcbvmi Ask wekl : 1wU
K. gvawgK evsjv msKjb (M`) N. gY Kvwnbx : 2wU
L. gvawgK evsjv msKjb (KweZv) O. ig/im iPbv/ nvwmi M : 2wU
M. gvawgK evsjv mncvV P. Awfhvb/ Avwevii Kvwnbx : 1wU
N. gvawgK evsjv evKiY Q. wZK_v/ AvZK_v : 1wU
O. gvawgK evsjv wbwgwZ R. bvUvsk : 1wU
S. HwZnvwmK NUbv : 1wU
cvVcyKwj iPbvi wkvg ewYZ Dk, welqe I wkLbdji Dci wekl T. c : 1wU
iZ Avivc KiZ ne| M` msKjb M CkiP` we`vmvMi Gi Kvj _K mvwZKKvj ch 30 Rb jLKi
M` iPbv msKjb Kiv hZ cvi|
cvVcyKwj cKvkKvj M` I KweZv GK m Ges evKiY I wbwgwZ GK m cKvk 9. Abykxjbx chvq cwZwU M` iPbvi kl jLK cwiwPwZ, kv_, UxKv, mvwnZi
Kiv hZ cvi| ickwYMZ cwiPq, Kg Abykxjb I wewfb aibi ck _vKe|
K. gvawgK evsjv msKjb (M`)
fvee I welqe
1. msKjb fvee, welqe I wkLbdj DchvMx iPbv msKwjZ ne| K. M`
2. iPbvwj cavbZ AvaywbK hyMi wewk I cwZwbwaZkxj jLK`i iPbv _K fvee welhe
msKwjZ ne| 1. 1. `kcg K. fvlv Av`vjb
3. wekl cqvRb wkvg Abyyhvqx vb I `Zv ARb mnvqK gvbmb iPbv L. Ebmii MYAfzvb
msKjb Af y Kivi Rb Kvbv Kvbv cvV iPbvi eev wbZ ne| M. gywhy
4. wkv_xi kwY I eqmi DchvMx Kiv Ges bwZK, agxq, mvgvwRK, gvbweK N. RvZxq exiZMv_v
g~jevai AvjvK wbevwPZ cvV cwigvRb Kiv hve| 2. bwZKZv K. mZZv
5. evsjvfvlvi wbwgwZixwZi bgybvi mv_ wkv_xK cwiwPZ Kivi j mvay I L. KZewbv
cwgZixwZZ wjwLZ iPbv msKjb Af y KiZ ne| M. bxwZwbv
6. M` iPbvi cwimi kwY DchvMx I aviY gZv weePbv Ki Ab~a 2500 N. bvqcivqYZv
ki ga mxwgZ _vKe| wekl Gi ewZg Kiv hZ cvi|
7. M` msKjb KvjvbywgKfve AbwaK 30wU M` iPbv msKwjZ ne| beg-
`kg kwYZ 7wU ce, 5wU M I 3wU Abvb AvwKi iPbvmn gvU 15wU 3. PvwiwK Yvewj K. Kgwbv I mvabv
iPbv cvV ne| G kwYi Rb wbavwiZ fvee I welqe Aej^b mvwnZi L. cigZmwnzZv
M. wevbgbZv
RvZxq wkvg 2012

83
4. gvbweKZv K. gnvbyfeZv L. Rbm` Dbqb
L. AvZi mev 16. cwiek K. cwiek `~lY
M. gvbe KjvY L. cwiek msiY : e
N. Amv`vwqKZv M. cvKwZK `yhvM : cwZKvi cwZiva
O. mngwgZv N. cwiek mPZbZv
P. gvbweK g~jeva O. Rjevqy cwieZb
5. wZK_v K. AvZRxebx 17. kgi ghv`v/AvZKgmsvb K. KvwqK kgi cwZ mvbeva
L. RxebwZ L. mgevq
6. evsjv`ki gvbyl I cKwZ K. evsjv`ki cvKwZK ewk 18. fvlv I mvwnZ K. evsjv fvlv I mvwnZ
L. FZz ewP L. evsjv fvlvi MVb cKwZ
M. cKwZ I RbRxeb M. evsjv fvlvi k m`
N. Rxeb I RxweKv 19. Avb` cvV K. ig iPbv
7. BwZnvm I HwZn K. evsjv`k I evOvwji BwZnvm L. nvwmi M
8. wkv K. wkvi j I Av`k20. cvYx I Dw` RMr 20. Dw` I cvYx RMr K. weij Rxe-R, eb cvYx, ccvwL msiY
L. wkv I g~jeva 21. bvix AwaKvi K. bvix wkv
M. Rxebevcx wkv L. gnxqmx bvix
N. ewg~jK wkv 22. QvU M K. evsjv fvlvi DjLhvM QvU M
O. KggyLx wkv
9. mswZ I HwZn K. evsjvi jvKmswZ 23. bvU cvV 23. bvU cvV K. evsjv fvlvi wewk bvUKi GKwU `k
L. evOvwji mswZ L. bvwUKv
M. evOvwji HwZn 24. HwZnvwmK NUbv K. evsjvi DjLhvM HwZnvwmK NUbv
10. mfZv K. mfZvi ^ic 25. c K. wewk ewi DjLhvM c
L. mfZv I mswZ 26. HwZn msiY K. Rv`yNi
M. wMK/wgkixq/cvim/wmz/Mvq mfZv L. cvVvMvi
11. Rxeb K_v K. RvZxq ewZ M. kwn` wgbvi
L. eiY ewi RxebPwiZ N. RvZxq wZma
12. Awfhvb K. gnvKvk Awfhvb/Pvu` Awfhvb O. vcZ wb`kb
13. gY Kvwnbx K. gY ev/ mgy` gY/ceZ gY/`kgY we.`. wkvgi wkLbdji Pvwn`v Abyhvqx bZzb bZzb fvee I welqei Ici wjwLZ
14. wevb I chyw K. evwbK Avwevi ce/wbe/M/Dcbvmi Ask wekl/bvUKi Ask wekl msKjb Kiv hZ cvi|
L. gnvKvk wevb
M. KwDUvi wevb
N. BUvibU
O. Z_ chyw
15. RbmsLv K. mgmv I mgvavb

RvZxq wkvg 2012 84

L. gvawgK evsjv msKjb (KweZv) 7. Kvwnbx Kve K. gnvKve/Kvwnbx Kve/bvU Kve
8. MxwZagx KweZv K. MxwZagx KweZv
1. KvjvbywgKfve KweZv wbevPbi Rb wbw` bxwZgvjvi AvjvK evsjv fvlvi 9. RxebwP K. MvgxY Rxeb
LvwZgvb Kwe`i KweZv msKjb KiZ ne| gahyM _K ( lvok kZK _K L. bMi Rxeb
m`k kZK) 2 Rb Kwei KweZvmn AvaywbK Kvj ch mgqi AbwaK 30wU
KweZv msKwjZ ne| beg-`kg kwYi wkv_x`i Rb 15wU KweZv cvV
ne| msKjb iex`bv_ I bRiji GKvwaK KweZv msKwjZ Kiv hve| 10. nvm-KZzK I e K. e KweZv
2. cwZwU KweZvi kl Kwe cwiwPwZ _vKe| Kwe cwiwPwZ jLK cwiwPwZi Abyic L. KZzKg~jK KweZv
ne| M. nvmimvZK KweZv
3. cwZwU KweZvi kl wbwjwLZ welqjv mwbewkZ _vKe: 11. wek kvw I KjvY K. wekvZZ
K. Drm ; L. wekvZeva
L. fvee ; 12. evsjv`k: BwZnvm I HwZn K. evsjv`ki BwZnvm I HwZn
M. ickwYi cwiPq ; 13. gnr Rxeb K. ZvMx/gbxlx/mgvRmex
N. kv_ I UxKv ; 14. ccvwLi cwZ ggZv 14. c-cvwLi cwZ ggZv K. MncvwjZ c/eb c/AwZw_ cvwL
O. evbvb I DPviY fzj nZ cvi Ggb ki D`vniY 15. ei cwZ ggZv K. ei cwZ ggZv
4. Gi ci _vKe Abykxjbx Ask| GZ _vKe : 16. gvbyli cwZ kveva K. wewfb kwY-ckvi gvbyli cwZ kveva
K. bgybv ewbevPwb ck ; L. kgRxex gvbyli cwZ kveva
L. bgybv mRbkxj ck ;
M. Kg Abykxjb ; we.`. wkvgi wkLbdji Pvwn`v Abyhvqx bZzb bZzb fvee I welqei Ici iwPZ
KweZv msKjb Kiv hZ cvi|
KweZv
M. gvawgK evsjv mncvV
fvee welqe
beg-`kg kwYi AvewkK evsjv welqi AMZ mncvV eBqi c_gvsk GKwU Dcbvm
1. wbmM K. elvi ic/ngwK ic/ic/kiZi ic
I wZxqvsk GKwU bvUK _vKe|
L. b`x I Zvi m`h
2. `kcg K. gvZfvlvi gvayh I gn Dcbvm
L. fvlv Av`vjb 1. evsjv`ki RxebwP cwZdwjZ nqQ Ggb GKwU DjLhvM mgKvjxb
M. gywhy I ^vaxbZv Dcbvm ev Zvi mswcZ ic|
N. evsjv`k welqK KweZv 2. DcbvmwU 30 nvRvi ki AwaK ne bv Ges eBwU 12 cqU KwDUvi UvBd
O. gywhyi Rb wbew`Z cvY ewZ gyw`Z Aevq AbwaK 64 cvi ga ne|
3. bxwZ I g~jeva K. webq/mRb/ggZv/mZZv 3. DcbvmwUi GKwU f~wgKv Ask _vKe| f~wgKv Ask mnR I mvejxj fvlvq
4. fw L. gvZfw/wkKi cwZ fw wbwjwLZ welqjv _vKe t
5. msK / Dxcbv K. AvZmsK K. Dcbvmi aviYv I msv ;
L. Kgvxcbv L. Dcbvmi AvwK I MVbKkj ;
6. civ_ciZv K. gvbe mK/mxwZ M. evsjv Dcbvmi msw cwiwPwZ ;
L. Amv`vwqKZv/ ZvM/civ_ciZv
RvZxq wkvg 2012 85
 N. evsjv`ki Dcbvmi msw cwiwPwZ ; 5. wkvg ewYZ I wbavwiZ mKj wkLbdj I welqe AbymiY Ki MwU iwPZ
O. wbevwPZ Dcbvm I JcbvwmKi msw cwiwPwZ ; ne|
P. Dcbvm wPwZ mgvR I Pwi wPY mK msw AvjvKcvZ ; 6. evKiY iPbvi evsjv GKvWgx cKvwkZ cwgZ evsjv fvlvi evKiY, mybxwZ
4. DcbvmwU kwY-DchvMx Ki mvw`Z ne| Dcbvmi g~j fvlvixwZ wVK iL Kzgvi Pvcvavq I W. gyn` knx`yjvni evKiY Mmn DjLhvM evKiY
msw nZ cvi| AbymiY Kiv hZ cvi|
5. DcbvmwUi cwiwk Ask KwVb I wewk A_evaK ki evLv I UxKv-wUbx 7. MwUZ wbwjwLZ welqmg~n AvjvwPZ ne :
_vKe| (K) evKiY I evsjv evKiY
6. DcbvmwUi f~wgKv Ask 12 cv, kv_ I UxKv-wUbx Ask 4 cvi AwaK ne fvlv I evKiY
bv| evKiYi aviYv I msv
cqvRbxqZv I iZ
bvUK
1. mncvV MwUi wZxqvsk GKwU DjLhvM bvUK ev Zvi mswcZ ic _vKe| evKiYi kvLv : awb wevb, icZ (k I c` cKiY) evKZ, evM_ I
2. mvgvwRK ev HwZnvwmK Kvwnbx Aej^b bvUKwU iwPZ nZ cvi| ebv Z
3. evsjv`ki RxebwP cwZdwjZ nqQ Ggb GKwU DjLhvM mgKvjxb bvUK evsjv fvlvi evKiY: welqe I cwiwa
wbevPb KiZ ne| (L) evsjv fvlv
4. bvUKwUZ GKwU f~wgKv _vKe| f~wgKvsk mnR I mvejxj fvlvq wjwLZ ne| evsjv fvlvi wewfb ic I ixwZ
f~wgKvq wbwjwLZ welqMyjv _vKe : K_ I jL
K. bvUKi aviYv I msv ; K_: AvwjK Dcfvlv
L. bvUKi AvwK I MVbKkj ; mgvR Dcfvlv
M. evsjv bvUKi msw cwiwPwZ ; cwgZ K_
N. evsjv`ki bvUKi msw cwiwPwZ ; jL: mvay I cwgZ jL (PwjZ) fvlvixwZ
O. wbevwPZ bvUK I bvUKvii cwiwPwZ ; mvay fvlv _K cwgZ (PwjZ) fvlvq icvi (bgybv)
P. bvUKi Pwi mK msw AvjvKcvZ ; AvwjK Dcfvlv _K cwgZ (PwjZ) fvlvq icvi (bgybv)
5. bvUKwU gvawgK ii wkv_xi DchvwMZvi Rb mvw`Z nZ cvi|
6. g~j bvUKwU 48 cvi ewk ne bv| Gi f~wgKv Ask 16 cv, kv_, UxKv-
wUbx 8 cvq mxgve _vKe| (M) awbwevb I evsjv awbZ
evM&h
N. gvawgK evsjv evKiY evsjv ^iawbi DPviY cwqv
beg-`kg kwYi Rb GKwU gvawgK evsjv evKiY M cvV ne|
evsjv ebawbi DPviY cwqv
1. evKiY MwU eYbvg~jK cwZ AbymiY Ki iwPZ ne|
2. msZ evKiY ixwZi wbwePvi AbymiY h_vme cwinvi KiZ ne| awb I eY, eYgvjv I wjwc
3. PwjZ fvlvi awb, k I evK cKiY cfwZi Ici iyZ Avivc KiZ ne| ^iawb I ^ieY, ebawb I ebeY
4. Avivn cwZi gvag msv I m~ wbYq Ki chv `vmn evKiY MwU awbg~j
wjwLZ nIqv evbxq| ^iawbg~j
AvbybvwmK ^iawb, Aa^iawb,w^iawb
RvZxq wkvg 2012 86
 ebawbg~j A_ cmvi, A_ msKvP, A_ e`j
eb, bvwmK ebawb, KwZ ebawb, ZvwoZ ebawb, cvwkK ebv_
ebawb, D ebawb, hy ebawb, Awfav/mijv_
awb`j (wmjej) ebv/wZhKv_
awb cwieZb I mw O. gvawgK evsjv wbwgwZ
evsjv DPviYi wbqg beg-`kg kwYi Rb GKwU c~Yv gvawgK evsjv wbwgwZ M cvV ne|
evsjv evbvbi wbqg wkvg ewYZ mKj wkLbdj Af y Ki wbwgwZ Aski welqe cYxZ
(N) icZ ne| GZ wbwjwLZ welqjv Af y KiZ ne :
evKiwYK kkwY (c`) K. wewkv_K k : mgv_K k, wfbv_K k, mgvPvwiZ k, wecixZv_K k
wekl, mebvg, weklY, wqv, wqv weklY, AveMk, hvRK, AbymM L. evK msKvPb
kMVbi Dcvq M. evM&aviv
DcmM, cZq, mw, mgvm, kwZ N. cev`-cePb
O. AbyQ` iPbv
c (cyil)
P. mvivsk I mvigg wjLb
c`i wbgvY Q. fvemmviY
KviK I wefw, c` wbgvY wefwi cqvM R. c/`iLv/ gvbc wjLb
ePb S. cwZe`b / Kw_Kv Zwi
wqv c`i MVb (wqvg~j I wqv wefw) T. ce/wbe wjLb
wqvi Kvj U. cd mskvab wb`wkKv
(O) evKZ
evKi aviYv I msv
evKi ewk: AvKvv, hvMZv, Avmw
evKi kwYwefvM
MVbMZ : mij, hwMK, RwUj
A_MZ: weewZ evK (^xKwZ evK I A^xKwZ evK), ck evK, Abyv evK,
AveMevK
evP : KZv evP, Kg evP, fve evP
c`g
Dw (cZ Dw I civ Dw)
weivg wP
(P) evM_Z
A_ cwieZb,
A_i kwYwefvM

RvZxq wkvg 2012 87

RvZxq wkvg I cvVcyK evW, 69-70, gwZwSj evwYwRK GjvKv, XvKv1000