Professional Documents
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STARTING MALFUNCTIONS
ABNORMAL STARTFLAHSES
If EGT exceed based on inputs from N2 and OAT
EGT exceeds 725oC
Engine fails to accelerate properly after N2 reaches 32%
Hung Start: a condition of normal light off but with rpm remaining at some low
value rather than increasing to the normal idle rpm. This is often the result of
insufficient power to the engine from the starter. In the event of a hung start, the
engine should be shut down.
Idle Parameters:
N1= 22%
EGT = 475-650oC
N2= 60%
Fuel Flow = 326 kg/hr
(a) Starter air pressure (Bleed air) too low to accelerate engine to self-
sustaining speed
(b) Premature starter deactivation
(c) FOD to compressor
(d) Faulty pressurizing valves not opening at scheduled fuel pressure
setting. Fuel flow
(e) Incorrect scheduling of HP compressor IGV and variable stators.
(f) Turbine section damage.
Hot Start: a start which occurs with normal engine rotation, but exhaust
temperature exceeds prescribed limits. This is usually caused by an excessively
rich mixture in the combustor. The fuel to the engine must be terminated
immediately to prevent engine damage. A hot start is when the EGT exceeds the
safe limit. Too much fuel entering the combustion chamber or insufficient turbine
rpm causes hot starts
Start Advisory:
OAT
N2
EGT
Fuel Flow
3000 ft Checked
At 800 Ft, Call : Acceleration Altitude
Set speed 220 Kts,
220 kts Set Checked
Do not lower Attitude lower then 10 deg
(for Acceleration)
V2+15 Flaps 1
Flaps 1, Green Light
200 Kts Flaps up
Flaps up, no light
Speed 220 kts Level Change, MCT, Bank < Normal
Level Change Checked
Bank < Normal
MCT SET
Autopilot (AP) B in Command
Read FMA
Engine Failure or Shut Down NNC
1 Eng INOP Landing Checklist Hold the Checklist
4As= After Takeoff Checklist A) After Takeoff Checklist
ATC, ATIS & Inform Attendant (4As & 4Bs)
A) Give Call to ATC & Take ATIS
Karachi Shaheen 121, Engine Failure
Maintain 3000 request type of
Approach for Imm Landing
A) Call Attendant
Landing back at Karachi in 10-15
minutes due to Technical, prepare
accordingly
One engine INOP Landing Checklist till Ask PM to read 1 Eng INOP NNC till
Descent (deferred Items) Hold at Descent Checklist
4 Bs = Built FMC, Speed Bugs, Auto Hand over the controls to PM
Brake set & Brief FMC Built: Approach (via INDEX)
Weight & Select: set weight as 54 &
select Vref 15:-
Set speed bugs (Vref15+5,
Vref15+20 & Flaps UP) on IAS
FIX: KC/ VOR, 074/10 (FMC)
Autobrake set on 2
Brief
Read Jep Plate: Freq 112.10, Course
254, MDA 500 ft & (read only) Missed
Approach procedure
Take over the controls
Call Karachi that we are ready for
Approach
Karachi Shaheen 121 is ready for Continue with the One Engine INOP
Approach. Landing Checklist
Turn towards the head of the RMI
Put same heading on top
Set Altitude to 1800 ft
Plan the type of Entry Procedure
If Off Set : Come Overhead
Turn (left) 044 hdg on top (30o)
Fly for 1 min
Turn right & home to station
Once 45 deflection or OH
Turn right on 074 (for holding /
app)
Check Speed Flaps-1
Speed Check Flaps-1
Flaps-1 Moving on the Gauge Speed Set 200 kts
Flaps-1 Green Light
If Parallel : Come OH
Turn 074 & fly for 1 min
Turn left & home to station
Once 45 deflection or OH
Turn right on 074(for holding /
app)
Check Speed Flaps-1
Speed Check Flaps-1
Flaps-1 Moving on the Gauge Speed Set 200 kts
Flaps-1 Green Light
IF Direct :
5 nm short configure for the
Flap-1 & Speed 200 kts
Come OH
Turn right on 074 (Hgd on top)
Punch Clock (for 2 minutes or 8.5 Roll out 074 / wings Level (2.5 DME), if
DME) either abeam or wings level Less then Hdg 068
which ever is later
Check Speed Flaps-5
Speed Check Flaps-5
Flaps-5 Moving on the Gauge Speed Set 180 kts
Flaps-5 Green Light VS 750 (Power back 70%)
1 Engine INOP NNC Continue with the 1 Engine INOP NNC
ALT ACQ Add power 80-82%
ALT HOLD 500 ft set
2 minutes (8.5 DME)
Turn to 210 (Level Turn)
Checked After crossing 180
VOR / LOC ARMED
VOR LOC ALIVE Ask PM for VOR EXP Mode
VOR CAPTURED Gears Down, F-15
10 deg Short Speed set to 160 kts
Speed brake ARMED
5 deg Short 254 Hdg on Top
rollout 254 deg
Gears Down Level turn 1800 ft
Flaps 15 moving on the Gauge
Flaps 15 Green Light
Landing Lights ON
Start Switches CONT
PA Call: Cabin Crew Take your Station
for Landing
Call: Karachi Shaheen 121 is
established on Radial
6 - 5.5 DME Start Descent VS -900 (Max 1000)
Power Back 72%
Speed Vref15+5 (145 kts approx.)
Landing Checklist (from QRH)
Keep RMI on Top
1000 ft Ins Check Gears Green Ins Check Gears Green
ALT ACQ 500 ft (Add power 82%)
ALT HOLD Set Missed Approach Altitude 2000 ft
Ask if Visual with Runway (VDP 1.5
DME)
Visual If Visual: Call LANDING
AP Disconnect and get in line
with the R/W
Maintain Altitude 500 till VDP
Karachi Shaheen 121Finals Gears +vely get inline with the R/W
Checked
VDP(1.5 DME) Start Descent VS -900
Power Back 70%
FDs Reset
50 feet Threshold
Speedbrake UP
Autobrake DISARM
60 kts I have the Controls
V2+15 Flaps 1
Flaps 1, Green Light
Rotate Fire switch to other side if light
still illuminated (30 sec passed)
200 Kts Flaps up
Flaps up, no light
Speed 220 kts Level Change, MCT, Bank < Normal
Level Change Checked
Bank < Normal
MCT SET
Autopilot (AP) B in Command
Read FMA
Engine fire, Engine Severe Damage or
Separation NNC
Read (fast) only memory items Hold the NNC & Configure
Check Speed Flaps-1
Flaps-1, Green Light Speed 200 kts Set
Check Speed, Flaps-5
Flaps-5, Green light Speed 180 Kts Set
A) After Takeoff Checklist
Do & Read After takeoff Checklist (4As & 4Bs) build, bugs, brake & brief
A) Give Call to ATC & Take ATIS
Karachi Shaheen 121, Engine Fire
Maintaining 3000 request type of
Approach for Imm Landing
A) Call Attendant
Landing back at Karachi due to
technical, stay at your stations
Ask PM to build the FMC (setting of Hand over the controls to PM
FMC is to be done by PM) FMC: Approach / Landing Weight &
Select:
Vref15+5, Vref15+20 & Flaps UP Set
Speed bugs ON IAS
FIX: KC/ VOR, 074/10 (FMC)
Autobrake on 2
Read Jep Plate: Freq 109.70, Course
254, MDA 318 & Missed Approach
procedure
Take over the controls
Call Karachi that we are ready for
Approach
Karachi Shaheen 121 is ready for Continue with the One Engine INOP
Approach, will be requiring Fire Landing Checklist
Services on Landing.
Select ILS on PM side (109.70) Once given turn on Final Vector :
ILS Expanded Mode on PF VOR/LOC Armed. Read FMA
(If One engine INOP Landing Checklist Ask for Expanded Mode
not completed ask PF to Switch ON the
Flap Inhabit
Loc ALIVE CHECKED
APP mode ARMED
Read FMA
Loc CAPTURED 254 on top
Call: Karachi Shaheen 121 is
established on Localizer
Glide Slope ALIVE Gears Down, Flaps 15
Gears Down Set Speed 160 kts
Flaps 15 moving on the Gauge Speed Brake ARMED
Flaps 15 Green Light Adjust power
Landing Lights ON
Start Switches CONT
PA Call: Cabin Crew Take your Station
for Landing & Standby
Glide Slope Captured Missed Approach Altitude Set 2000
Final Flaps & Vref15+5 Speed
Call for Landing Checklist
Engine Start Switches CONT
Speedbrake ARMED
Landing Gears DOWN
Flaps 15 GREEN LIGHT
Landing Checklist Completed
1000 ft Ins Check Gears Green Ins Check Gears Green
Karachi Shaheen 121 Finals Gears
Checked will be evacuating on the
Runway
500 feet Checked.
Field INSIGHT
400 ft Approaching Minima LANDING
350 ft Minimum AP Disengage & Continue to LAND
50 feet Threshold
Thrust lever back once entering the
runway & LAND
Speedbrake UP (Preferably) Do not use Thrust
Autobrake DISARM Reverser
60 kts I have the Controls
Stop the Aircraft
Evacuation Checklist Read & Do the Evacuation Checklist
PF PM
Silence the horn
Cabin Altitude Warning or Rapid
Depressurization Memory Items
Don the O2 Mask, O2 100% & Don the O2 Mask, O2 100% &
Establish Crew Comm (ASP Establish Crew Comm (ASP
Boom/Mask Switch to Mask) Boom/Mask Switch to Mask)
Reading loud & Clear How do u read
Pressurization Mode Selector Switch
to MANUAL AC & hold in Closed
Position. Out Flow Valve Fully
CLOSED
Announce Altitude Uncontrollable
Emergency Descent Memory Items
PAX sign ON
PAX O2 ON
PA Call: Emergency Descend, ATC Call Mayday Mayday, Karachi
emergency Descend Shaheen 121 Emergency Descent
(Coordinate for Level & QNH)
Check the Speed (not Mach) at which Engine Start Switches to CONT
the Structure damage has occurred
by pressing the Mach /Speed push
button
Rotate the Altitude knob to lower
Altitude (10,000 ft or ATC Given
Altitude)
Level Change
Thrust Levers CLOSED
Speed Brake to FLIGHT DETENT
Limit Target Speed at which the
Structure Damage has occurred
Cabin Altitude Warning or Rapid
Depressurization NNC
Read and do action as per the NNC
Go to Emergency Descent NNC (0.1)
Hold till Setting of TARGET SPEEDS
(Memory Items last line)
Set Speed 230 kts. (gears up speed 2000 ft to FL100
-5 kts) (1st Movement of Thrust
Levers)
Speed Brake DOWN if extended & 1000 ft to FL 100
Landing Gears UP (2nd Movement of
Thrust Levers)
Level Off at 10,000 ft & increase Read & perform the remaining NNC
speed Max at which the damage has items
occurred
Remove the MASK & Set Regulator Check the Cabin Altitude at or below
to NORMAL 10,000 ft (ALT HOLD) & remove the
MASK. Set Regulator to NORMAL
Call Cabin Crew & ask for any
damage etc
Inform ATC and ask for Imm Landing
(in case required)
Stabilized approach
Speed deviation +10 kts or -5 kts
ROD not more then 1000 fpm
Precision ApproachLocalizer or Glide Slope deviation more then dot
on EHSI (below 1000ft)
Non precision Approach1 dot on EHSI or 5 degee deviation on RDMI
TCAS Panel
BV/N/BLW (Above/Normal/Below)
SwitchABV (Above) sets TCAS display from 2700 feet below to 9900 feet
above own
airplane.
Switch N (Normal) sets TCAS display from 2700 feet below to 2700 feet above
own airplane.
Switch BLW (Below) sets TCAS display from 2700 feet above to 9900 feet
below own airplane.
05 Resolution Advisory (RA), 500 ft below and climbing 20-30 sec away
TA-RA
Auto Pilot DISENGAGE
Auto Throttle DISENGAGE
Smoothly adjust the PITCH to satisfy the RA Command
Follow the Planned Lateral Flight unless Visual Contact with the conflicting
Traffic
Call ATC / engage AP & AT and come back to the level
ATC CALLS:
1. Ask ATC about the traffic info
2. When RA Karachi SH121 is TCAS RA
3. . Karachi SH 121 is clear of conflict, resuming normal
STALL & RECOVERY
UPSET RECOVERY
Pitch attitude more then 25o nose up
Pitch attitude more then 10o nose down
Bank angle more then 45o
NOSE UP RECOVERY
Disengage AP & AT
Apply full nose down elevator use trim
Reduce Thrust
Roll to obtain down pitch
After ensuring the airplane is under control, engage the autopilot to reduce
workload
Declare an emergency (Mayday call to land back immediately)
Use the cabin crew (if available). When practical, try to restrain the
incapacitated pilot and slide the seat to the full-aft position. The shoulder
harness lock may be used to restrain the incapacitated pilot
Flight deck duties should be organized to prepare for landing
Consider using help from other pilots or crewmembers aboard the airplane.
Ask ATC to give assistance for taxi.Shaheen 121 will be unable to taxi,
request assistance.
ACMT-AH-EMSL-QRH-
Imm take the running engine autopilot
Disconnect Autothrottle
Select CON thrust in FMC (or manually 2% increase in N1 of Crz)
Manually set limit thrust (manually set the N1 bugs by pulling it)
Trim the Rudder (Rotate to the good engine side / rudder in side)
Maintain CONThrust
Accelerate to single engine speed
Long range cruise (LRC) speed(Calculate the air miles from the chart
12.5)
Determine course of action
One Engine INOP Landing NNC (7.20)