SHANMUGAM

MUTHUSAMY
H002231738
BEng petroleum
engineering
Mutliphase
thermodynamics
Mechanical heat
pump
Short laboratory
report
INTRODUCTION
the vapour compression cycle can be replicated and resembled by using the
mechanical heat pump. This concept is widely applied in many daily application
such as the refrigerator and the air conditioning unit which resembles the
mechanical heat pump which follows the vapour compression cycle. The major
components of the mechanical heat pump is the condenser, compressor and also
the evaporator. The operational principle of the air conditioning unit is, the
compressor will compress and squeeze the working fluid, increasing its pressure
and temperature. The fluid is then directed to the condenser where the fluid is
cooled. The remaining gas will be converted to liquid due to the high pressure
caused by the compressor. The cooled fluid will be directed to the evaporator
where the hot air from surrounding is absorbed to convert the remaining fluid to
gas. The gas will be cooled by the time it leaves the evaporator. A heater works
on the same principle but the process inverted. A heat pump also contains a
valve which can be used to select between an air conditioning unit and a heat
pump. The mechanical heat pump which is used in this experiment is SOLTEQ
Heat Pump Equipment (Model: HE165-A).

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

TEST 1 2 3 4 5
q_cool.water,FT01 LPM 2.7 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0
q_cool.water,FT01 % 60.0 55.6 44.4 33.3 22.2
q_rfgrnt,FT01 LPM 0.03360 0.03360 0.03360 0.03360 0.03360
q_rfgrnt.FT02 % 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2
Q_rfgrnt M3/s 5.6 x 10-7 5.6x10-7 5.6x10-7 5.6x10-7 5.6x10-7
Kg/s 5.7x10-4 5.7x10-4 5.7x10-4 5.7x10-4 5.7x10-4
P_refrigerant _low Bar g 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
P_refrigerant_low Bar 3.013 3.013 3.013 3.013 3.013
abs
P_refrigerant_high Bar g 7.5 7.5 8.0 8.0 8.7
P_refrigent_high Bar 8.513 8.513 9.013 9.013 9.713
abs
T_refrigent_TT1 C 16.4 16.2 `16.2 16.0 16.0
T_refrigent_TT2 C 80.4 80.3 80.7 81.2 81.1
T_refrigent_TT3 C 40.0 40.0 40.0 39.9 39.9
T_refrigent_TT4 C 9.0 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5
T_Cool.water_TT5_In C 28.7 28.6 28.6 28.4 28.3
T_Cool.water_TT6_out C 31.6 31.6 32.4 33.3 35.8
Enthalpy 1(h1) 400 400 400 400 400
Enthalpy 2 (h2) 455 455 455 455 455
Enthalpy 3 (h3) 241 241 241 241 241
Compressor power unit W 411.0 412.0 416.0 421.0 432.0
Compressor pressure - 2.82 2.82 3.0 3.0 3.22
Ratio
Volumetric flowrate of m3/s 3.37x 3.37x 3.37x 3.37x 3.37x1
refrigent at compressor 5 5 5 5 5
10 10 10 10 0
Compressor swept m3/s 2.61x10-4 2.61x10-4 2.61x10-4 2.61x10-4 2.61x10-4
volume
Volumetric efficiency % 12.9 12.9 12.9 12.9 12.9
Heat output W 545.49 522.5 529.47 512.05 522.5
COP 1.32 1.26 1.27 1.21 1.21
COPH (question 6) 4.8 4.6 4.4 4.4 4.5

DISCUSSION

the calculation used for test 1 is shown below. The result for the following test
were obtained by using the same method and calculations.
The calculation for heat output for test 1 is as shown below,

2.7 L 1 kg 1 min 4180 j

Heat Output = x x x x ( 31.628.7 )=545.49 W
min L 60 s kg . K

The calculation for coefficient of performance for test 1 is as shown below,

heat output
Coefficient of performance (COPH) = power input

545.49 w
= 411 w = 1.327
Figure 1 was used to find the enthalpy for the respective pressure

ENERGY BALANCE OF THE CONDENSOR

The calculation for the Refrigerant mass flowrate is as shown below,
0.0336 L
= x 0.017
min

= 5.7 x 10-4 kg/s

The calculation for the heat transfer from the refrigerant for test 1 is
illustrated below,
=refrigerant mass flowrate x (Enthalpy 2 Enthalpy 3)
=5.7 x 10-4 kg/s x (455- 241) x 1000 j/kg
Q = 121.98 W
The calculation for heat transfer to cooling water for test 1 is as shown
below,
 1 min
=cooling water flowrate (LPM) x p(water) x 60 s x cp(water) x (TT6-

TT5)
2.7 L 1 L 1 min 4180 j
= x x x x (31.628.7)
min kg 60 s kg . K

=545.49W

ENERGY BALANCE FOR COMPRESSOR

The power input is provided in the heat pump specification sheet which is
Power=408 watts
The calculation for the heat transfer from refrigerant for test 1 is as
shown below
=refrigerant mass flowrate x (enthalpy 2 enthalpy 1)
= 5.7x10-4 kg/s x (455-400) x 1000j/kg
=Q=31.35 W
The calculation for heat loss to surroundings for test 1 is as shown
below,
=power input heat transfer to refrigerant
=411 W 31.35 W
Q= 379.65 W

The calculation for compressor pressure ratio for test 1 is shown below,

P2 Refrigerant pressure (High)

= P 1 = Refrigerant pressure (Low )

||

||
= 3.11 =2.74
8.51

The calculation for the volumetric flowrate of the refrigerant at the

compressor suction for test 1 is shown below,
=refrigerant mass flowrate x specific refrigerant volume at compressor
suction(the specific refrigerant volume at compressor suction is set at a
constant of 0.059 m3/kg).
=5.7 x 10-4 kg/s x 0.059 m3/kg
=3.36 x 10-5 m3/s

The compressor swept volume is calculated by using the method shown

below, for the calculation of the compressor swept, the swept volume
and the compression speed is needed which is both provided in the
specification sheet.
Swept volume:5.60cm3/rev
Compression speed:2800 rev/min
rev 1 min 6 3
=2800 x x 5.60 x 10 m /rev
min 60 s

=2.61 x 10-4 m3/s

The volumetric efficiency calculation is shown below,

volumetric flowrate
= compressor swept volume

3.37 x 105
= x 100
2.61 x 104

=12.91 %

Conclusion
The COPH value effects the volumetric efficiency of the heat pump, the
relationship between volumetric efficiency and the COPH value is
directly proportional.