Kristina Blazevska

Evaluate the effectiveness of legal and non-legal

measures in promoting and maintaining world
order?
World order refers to the cooperation of nation states, to achieve and
promote peace and security world wide. Legal measures such as specific
treaties, the United Nations and the United Nations Security Council
collectively work together to achieve and maintain world order. In
addition, non-legal measures such as the International Committee of Red
Cross, Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament and the media all effectively
encourage and promote world order, however the cooperation and
compliance of nation states differs in each case. Therefore, both legal and
non-legal measures must work in unison to respond to current issues, aim
to protect the rights of civilians and to ultimately promote and maintain
world order.

The acceptance of the principle Responsibility to Protect promotes world

order whilst maintaining peace and security for nation states worldwide.
The R2P is an agreement signed by all members of the United Nations,
acknowledging that when a country fails to protect is civilians from unjust
treatments, foreign governments may intervene. As a result, the
effectiveness of the R2P is evident as the Libyan government have failed
to uphold the first pillar of R2P, the responsibility lies on the international
community to fulfil the second and third pillars. The UNSC came to a
conclusion that an immediate ceasefire must occur, assets of Libyan
authorities must be frozen and a no-fly zone was implemented across
Libya all in the process of 1 month (www.theguardian.com) March 2011.
The UNSCR 1970 Resolution of the no fly zone, reduced conflict and a
subsequent reduction in the lives lost was evident, however, the 1949
Geneva Conventions were not applicable and effective in Libya due to a
lack of enforceability, as many civilian deaths have occurred through the
improper conduct of hostilities. The first ever application of R2P has been
greatly effective as it has protected civilians safety and promoted world
order in the nation state, whilst the enforceability of the UN no-fly zone
restriction has been internationally legitimised from organisations such as
Arab League and the Gulf Cooperation Council, ultimately maintaining
world order.

Non-governmental organisations also play a significant role in maintaining

world order in relation to North Korea. It was through the ongoing
intrastate conflict that the International Committee of Red Cross (ICRC)
supported and worked with the Libyan Red Crescent to support Libyan
hospitals, as there had been a shortage of medicine and medical supplies.
The ICRC also reiterates that security forces must exercise restraint and only resort
to lethal force when absolutely necessary for the protection of human life, as the
mass number of civilians that were dying resulted in a lack or world order. The
Libyan Armed Forces and the International Committee of the Red Cross
(ICRC) signed a memorandum of understanding under which the ICRC will

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Kristina Blazevska

provide support for the integration of the rules of international

humanitarian law in the training and operations of the Libyan Armed
Forces and in the Military Act. (https://www.icrc.org/) July 2012. The
extensive support of the ICRC has therefore been effective in promoting
and maintaining world order, as the NGO assisted in the protection of
human life, and rightfully enforced training techniques to Libyan armed
forced to safely maintain world order in that nation state.

However, state sovereignty can halt the maintaining of world order, as

regional and global situations that threaten peace and security affect
world order across all nation states. North Koreas continuous threat to
obstruct world peace and security is evident through the continuous
threats to test weapons of mass destructions such as nuclear and atomic
bombs. Although North Korea has ratified and signed the Geneva
Convention Protocol 1997, there methods of warfare pose a threat to
promoting world order, and it through the noncompliance of multilateral
international treaties such as the Treaty of Non-Proliferation of
Nuclear Weapons 1978 (NPT), that North Korea asserts their state
sovereignty. In 2017, King Jong Un claims that North Korea would soon test
an intercontinental ballistic missile, and in turn, North Korea test fires a
ballistic missile as a form of pre-emptive actions. It travels 310 miles from
North Pyongan Province to the Sea of Japan, ultimately threating the
peace and security of Japan as a nation state. (http://edition.cnn.com/)
March 2017. The effectiveness of the NPT is therefore ineffective in
promoting and maintaining world order, as the lack of enforceability of
treaties is evident in halting North Koreas testing of nuclear weaponry, as
this is a mean of the nation asserting their state sovereignty.

Non-governmental organisations are equally important in effectively

promoting and maintaining world order in relation to North Korea. It is
through extensive media coverage and the Campaign for Nuclear
Disarmament (CND) that is aims to use non-violent means to remove
nuclear warheads in North Korea, and to stimulate widespread debate
about the threat of nuclear weaponry, and actively participates in UN
conferences. The CND welcomed apparent agreement talks in which North
Korea agreed to shut down its main nuclear reactor. CND expressed their
optimism and expressed hope that this is the first step towards
denuclearisation. (http://www.cnduk.org/) January 2007. However, the
extensive promoting of media of non-violent means to stop the threat of
nuclear weapons has been ineffective in maintaining world order, as North
Korea has failed to comply with conventions and has not responded to
non-violent means of stopping their ongoing threat to world order.

To conclude the above statements, world order refers to the cooperation

of nation states, to achieve and promote peace and security world wide.
Certain legal measures such as treaties, UN and UNSC and legal measures
such as ICRC, CND and the media all effectively encourage and promote
world order globally. Both measures must work together to respond to

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Kristina Blazevska

issues and protect the rights of civilians to maintain global peace and
security.

Word: 966

Syllabus, Case, Article, Legislation, Evaluate