PLANT CELL

The plant cell is the smallest part of each plant organ.

Plant cells are the driving force of a plant itself. Plant
cells are quite different with other eukaryotic organism
cell.distinck features include:

large vacuoles (surrounded by a membrane, called

the tonoplast, which maintain cell turgor and controls
movement of molecules between the cytosol and sap.
The cell walls composed of cellulose and proteins, in
many cases, lignin, and stored by the protoplasm
outside the cell membrane. This is different from fungal
cell walls, which are made of chitin, and prokaryotes,
which are made of peptidoglycan.
plasmodesmata, the pores connecting the cell wall
allow each plant cell to communicate with other
adjacent cells. This differs from the network of hyphae
used by fungi.
plastids, especially chloroplasts that contain
chlorophyll, the green pigment that gives color to the
plant and allow the photosynthesis.

CELL TYPES

Tues parenchyma These cells have the function to support the

establishment of plants, is also the basis for all the structures and
functions of plants. Tues parenchyma have thin primary walls, and
cytoplasm are highly functional. These cells live as adults, and are
responsible for biochemical function.
Tues kolenkim
Tues skelerenkim
TIPE JARINGAN
 outermost tissue that wraps plant
Network carriers - a role in transport within the plant body
Networks of land - do photosynthesis, food storage, and ancillary
structures.
o parenchyma Type network

- the primary walls thin, has no secondary wall; can develop into more
specialized plant tissues.
o Kolenkim - primary wall of thick, joined to support the plants that
are growing.
o Sklerenkim - secondary wall thick, support the plant parts that are
not growing.
BAGIAN SEL
[ cell membrane
The cell walls
Plasmodesma
vacuole
o tonoplast
o Crystal
plastids
o Chloroplasts
o Leukoplas
o Kromoplas
Golgi Body
Ribosomes
endoplasmic reticulum
Mitokondrion
microtubules
Microfilaments
Lysosomes
Micro Body
Hyaloplasma
nucleus
o the nuclear membrane
o the nuclear pores
o DNA
o chromatin
o RNA
messenger RNA
RNA transport

l eukaryotes
Tues eukaryotes have a more complex structure than prokaryotic
cells. Tues eukaryotes have a nuclear membrane that separates the
nucleus to the cytoplasm. These cells also have the endomembrane
structures called organelles. Eukaryotic cell organelles have specific
functions that support the life of eukaryotic cells. Kind held Tues
eukaryotic organelles, among others:
Lysosomes, organelles that play a role in the digestive cells. These
organelles contain the enzyme lysozyme that will melisis any part of
cells that have been dead, damaged or old.
Mitochondria, organelles that play a role in cell respiration. Cell
respiration aimlessly aims for energy to be used in cell activity.
Golgi apparatus, Oraganel a role in the secretion of products, both
proteins, polysaccharides and fats.
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER), organelles that play a role in the
synthesis products. There are two types of RE, namely coarse RE (RE
is at the surface there are grains of ribosomes) and smooth RE (RE
that has no ribosomes). RE coarse functions to synthesize proteins,
whereas RE smooth functioning in the synthesis of fats and sterols.
plastids, organelles containing the pigment (color).
vacuoles, organelles that function in storage of food reserves,
essential oils and the rest of cell metabolism.
microtubules, organelles that have a tube structure. eg flagella (for
movement of cells), cilia (cell adhesion tool) and spindle (for cell
division).
Microfilaments, which has a structure oragnel filament (yarn).
function in cytoplasmic movement and muscle contraction.
Micro Board, there are two kinds of micro-entities, namely
peroxisomes (containing enzyme catalase) and Glioksisom
(containing the enzyme catalase and oxidase)
 Cell Wall, cellulolytic and chitin structure that serves to give the cell
shape and as a protector of cells.
Centrioles, organelles that play a role in cell division. Centrioles
function pull chromosomes toward opposite poles.