Credit Hours System Cairo University

Senior 1 Faculty of Engineering

MDE
Introduction to
Mechatronics

Sound via Light Project

Group 1

Name: ID
Osama Osman 1133485
Mahmoud Sayed Zaghlool 1135487
Soheil El Saify 1135159

Submitted: 30/3/2017
Submitted To: Dr. Mohamed Shaltout
 Abstract
The main purpose of the Sound via Light Project is to allow the students to explore the mechanism of
transferring sound through different mediums such as light (in our case, infrared). In this report, we will
cover the experiment results, the components of each circuit and the breadboard, schematic and PCB
diagrams for the experiment. Furthermore, we will discuss the experiment results in details as much as we
can.

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Table of Contents
Abstract .............................................................................................................................................................. I
Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................ 1
Circuits ............................................................................................................................................................... 2
Overview of the System ................................................................................................................................. 2
Transmitter Circuit Overview ........................................................................................................................ 2
Receiver Circuit ............................................................................................................................................. 3
Fritzing Diagrams .............................................................................................................................................. 4
Transmitter Circuit ......................................................................................................................................... 4
Breadboard Diagram .................................................................................................................................. 4
Schematic Diagram .................................................................................................................................... 4
PCB Diagram ............................................................................................................................................. 5
List of Components for Transmitter Circuit................................................................................................... 6
Receiver Circuit ............................................................................................................................................. 7
Breadboard Diagram .................................................................................................................................. 7
Schematic Diagram .................................................................................................................................... 7
PCB Diagram ............................................................................................................................................. 8
List of Components for Receiver Circuit ....................................................................................................... 9
Lab Experiment ................................................................................................................................................ 10
Circuit Assembly.......................................................................................................................................... 10
Circuit Oscilloscope Output ......................................................................................................................... 10
Discussion and Comments ............................................................................................................................... 11
Table of Figures
Figure 1: Transmitter-Receiver Circuits ............................................................................................................ 2
Figure 2: Transmitter Circuit ............................................................................................................................. 2
Figure 3: Receiver Circuit .................................................................................................................................. 3
Figure 4: Transmitter Breadboard Diagram ....................................................................................................... 4
Figure 5: Transmitter Schematic Diagram ......................................................................................................... 4
Figure 6: Transmitter PCB Diagram .................................................................................................................. 5
Figure 7: Receiver Breadboard Diagram ........................................................................................................... 7
Figure 8: Receiver Circuit Schematic Diagram ................................................................................................. 7
Figure 9: Receiver Circuit PCB Diagram .......................................................................................................... 8
Figure 10: Lab Circuit Assembly ..................................................................................................................... 10
Figure 11: Oscilloscope Output ....................................................................................................................... 10
 Introduction
Through the last decade, the use of data transmission through light technology has been increasing
exponentially in many fields. The simplest form of using this technology is the IR TV Remote. Using light
to transmit data of different types is an interesting and a rewarding field to explore. It is put to use on a daily
basis without knowing the mechanism. Hence, this project allows the students to explore this mechanism
and decipher the secret behind it.

The project, simply put, uses the analog data output (through a 3.5mm audio jack) which is then biased
through several electrical components such as capacitors and a transistor. Then the signal is transformed to
light form through an IR transmitter which is pointed towards the IR receiver. The receivers circuit
functionality is to unbias the received signal and transform it to audio output.
In the following pages, we will look at the transmission and receiver circuits overview. Furthermore, we will
provide breadboard, schematic and PCB diagrams generated through Fritzing software.

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 Circuits
Overview of the System
In the figure below, the headphone jack is connected to a sound source which is converted to voltage
through the jack output. The transmitter circuit will bias it so that it can be transmitted through an IR
transmitter. The transmitted IR is then received by an IR receiver which converts the received IR signal to
current that is to be unbiased, filtered and amplified to be able to turn on the speaker.

Figure 1: Transmitter-Receiver Circuits

Transmitter Circuit Overview

Figure 2: Transmitter Circuit

In the circuit shown above, the Red LED is replaced with an IR transmitter.

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Receiver Circuit

Figure 3: Receiver Circuit

In this circuit, the photo-transistor is replaced with an IR receiver.

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 Fritzing Diagrams
Transmitter Circuit
Breadboard Diagram

Figure 4: Transmitter Breadboard Diagram

Schematic Diagram

Figure 5: Transmitter Schematic Diagram

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PCB Diagram

Figure 6: Transmitter PCB Diagram

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List of Components for Transmitter Circuit
Label Part Type Properties
Ceramic
C1 package 100 mil [THT, multilayer]; capacitance 10F; voltage 6.3V
Capacitor

Infrared (850nm)
LED1 package 5 mm [THT]; leg yes; color Infrared (850nm)
LED

Q1 NPN-Transistor package TO92 [THT]; type NPN (EBC)

package THT; resistance 1k; bands 4; tolerance 5%; pin spacing

R1 1k Resistor 400 mil

package THT; resistance 1k; bands 4; tolerance 5%; pin spacing

R2 1k Resistor 400 mil

package THT; resistance 100; bands 4; tolerance 5%; pin spacing

R3 100 Resistor 400 mil

package THT; resistance 220; bands 4; tolerance 5%; pin spacing

R4 220 Resistor 400 mil

Trimmer package THT; maximum resistance 10k; type Trimmer

R5 Potentiometer; size Trimmer - 12mm; track Linear
Potentiometer

2.5mm Audio package stereojack2.5mm_specia_pogopins; size 2.5mm; variant

U1 special_pogo_pins
Jack

VCC1 Battery block 9V voltage 9V

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Receiver Circuit
Breadboard Diagram

Figure 7: Receiver Breadboard Diagram

Schematic Diagram

Figure 8: Receiver Circuit Schematic Diagram

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PCB Diagram

Figure 9: Receiver Circuit PCB Diagram

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List of Components for Receiver Circuit
Label Part Type Properties
capacitance 0.1mF; voltage 6.3V; package 100 mil [THT,
C1 Ceramic Capacitor multilayer]

capacitance 0.1mF; voltage 6.3V; package 100 mil [THT,

C2 Ceramic Capacitor multilayer]

capacitance 10F; voltage 6.3V; package 100 mil [THT,

C3 Ceramic Capacitor multilayer]

C4 Ceramic Capacitor capacitance 1F; voltage 6.3V; package 100 mil [THT, multilayer]

J1 Piezo Speaker

Infrared (940nm)
LED1 color Infrared (940nm); package 5 mm [THT]; leg yes
LED

LED3 Red (633nm) LED color Red (633nm); package 5 mm [THT]; leg yes

pin spacing 400 mil; bands 4; package THT; resistance 1k;

R1 1k Resistor tolerance 5%

pin spacing 400 mil; bands 4; package THT; resistance 330;

R2 330 Resistor tolerance 5%

Trimmer type Trimmer Potentiometer; track Linear; maximum resistance

R3 10k; package THT; size Trimmer - 12mm
Potentiometer

Trimmer type Trimmer Potentiometer; track Linear; maximum resistance

R4 10k; package THT; size Trimmer - 12mm
Potentiometer

U1 LM386 chip lm386; package dip08

VCC1 Battery block 9V voltage 9V

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 Lab Experiment
Circuit Assembly

Figure 10: Lab Circuit Assembly

Circuit Oscilloscope Output

Figure 11: Oscilloscope Output

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 Discussion and Comments
Assembling the circuit with quite tackling. This was due to the fact that it was the first time to weld wires to
components by ourselves. This lead to short circuiting the wires and leading to failure of the circuit.
Due to time constraints, we took the components outside the laboratory and assembled the circuit and tested
it then submitted it in the following tutorial.

As we can see in the oscilloscope screen, theres lots of noise in the output wave (bottom wave). This was
due to the fact that the distance between the IR transmitter and receiver was quite large compared to their
sizes. This issue was solved by using jumper wires to decrease the distance between the transmitter and
receiver which decreased the noise and made it clearer.

The result of this experiment helped us to approach one of the simplest technologies used in everyday life in
a physical approach. Furthermore, it allowed us to explore the functionality of electrical components in a
different use than just filtering electrical signals. We used the jack to change the audio to voltage signal and
then changing it to light wave. The light wave is then transformed back to current which turns on the speaker
and gives audio output.

Overall, this experiment was very beneficial to the students and allowing them to explore technologies in a
physical approach.

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