AN EVALUATION OF

PRODUCTION INITIATIVE OF
COAL INDIA LIMITED
AS A STRATEGY IN MAKE IN INDIA

PROJECT REPORT

MADE by

PRITAM BISWAS, AM (MINING)

COAL INDIA LIMITED
 CONTENTS
Sl. NAME OF THE TOPIC PAGES
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2
I. INTRODUCTION 3
II. ORGANIZATIONAL SET-UP 3-4
III. INDIAS ENERGY SCENARIO & IMPORTANCE OF COAL 5
IV. STRATEGIC RELEVANCE OF CIL 5
V. OBJECTIVES 5-6
VI. MISSION OF COAL INDIA LIMITED 6
VII. VISION OF COAL INDIA LIMITED 6
THE STRATEGIC VISION OF COAL INDIA LIMITED
VIII. A. WHY THIS CHANGES REQUIRED? 6 -9
B. CIL POSITIVE INSIGHTS TO ACHIEVE THE BILLION DREAM
IX. NOTABLE ACHIEVEMENTS DURING 2014-15 9 - 10
X. FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE (CIL consolidated) 11
XI. CAPITAL STRUCTURE 12 - 13
XII. COAL MARKETING 13 -14
XIII. INITIATIVE FOR OVERCOMING LOGISTIC BOTTLENECK 14
XIV. CONSUMER SATISFACTION 15
XV. ONGOING PROJECTS 15 - 16
XVI. FORESTRY AND ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCES 16
OTHER STRATEGIES
A. FOREIGN VENTURE INITIATIVES
B. FOREIGN COLLABORATION
XVII. C. INTRODUCTION OF MINEDEVELOPEROPERATOR (MDO)
17 - 20
D. CRITICAL RAILWAY LINKS - COLLABORATION WITH
STATE GOVT. & RAILWAYS
E. TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT
F. GREEN INITIATIVE
XVIII. FUTURE PROJECTS 20
ROADMAP TO BE FOLLOWED FOR FINDING THE 1 BILLION 20 -21
XIX.
DREAM
XX. SCOPE OF WORK 22
BIBLIOGRAPHY 22

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 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The world over coals contribution towards primary commercial energy is around 30% and
coal helps generate 40% of worlds electricity. In the Indian context, the importance of coal
scales-up higher than the global average. In India, coal is the most dominant energy fuel
meeting around 50% of countrys primary commercial energy. Around 72% of the entire power
generated in the country is coal based. The pivotal role of coal is expected to continue in the
foreseeable future primarily because of abundance of coal reserves, easy availability and
affordability. As of 1st April 2015, the estimated geological resource of Indian coal stood at
306.59 Billion Tonnes. And, Coal India Limited is at the vanguard of countrys coal
production, producing 82% of the countrys entire coal output. Coal India virtually empowers
the power sector in the country with nearly 78% of Coal Indias entire supplies catering to
power utilities of the country. 97 out of 100 Thermal Power Stations in the country receive coal
from Coal India.
Energy is a prerequisite in the economic development of any country. In developing countries,
the energy sector plays a critical role in view of the everincreasing energy needs. Enormous
investments are necessary to secure the same. India is one of the fastest growing economies of
the world. Coal dominates the country's energy mix. It contributes over 50% of India's total
primary energy production. The mineral is expected to continue playing a crucial role in
meeting India's future energy needs.

India's everincreasing demand for coal is expected to touch 980.5 Mt by 2016 17. Of this,
the demand from the power sector constitutes about 70%. However, indigenous coal
availability is projected optimistically at 795 Mt. Hence, major production constraints need to
be addressed to boost production capacity. Some of the steps that need to be undertaken include
enhancing drilling for coal exploration, fasttracking land acquisition and R&R issues,
avoiding delays in obtaining environmental and forestry clearances, timely completing
construction of infrastructural facilities for coal evacuation and providing greater thrust on
R&D activities in the coal sector. Unless these issues are resolved in a manner conducive to
exploitation, extraction and expansion of coal reserves, there will always be a demandsupply
gap for coal. To bridge this shortfall, coal needs to be imported. So, simultaneously a proper
strategic analysis has to be done to achieve the Vision 2020 of 1 billion tons of coal
production side casting the limiting constraints.

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I. INTRODUCTION
Coal India Limited (CIL) is a Maharatna company under Ministry of Coal, Government of
India with Headquarters at Kolkata, west Bengal. This Pubic sector Undertaking is 90% owned
by Central Government and 10% owned by public. CIL is the single largest coal producing
company in the world and the largest corporate employer with a manpower of 3,23,193
worldwide in the coal sector (as on 31st March 2016). Coal India Limited (CIL), as a state
owned coal mining corporate, came into being in 1ST November 1975 with the government
taking over private coal mines. With a modest production of 79 Million Tonnes (MTs) at the
year of its inception CIL today is the single largest coal producer in the world. Operating
through 82 mining areas CIL is an apex body with 7 wholly owned coal producing subsidiaries
and 1 mine planning and Consultancy Company spread over 8 provincial states of India.
CIL also fully owns a mining company in Mozambique christened as 'Coal India Africana
Limitada'. CIL also manages 200 other establishments like workshops, hospitals etc. Further,
it also owns 26 technical & management training institutes and 102 Vocational Training
Institutes Centres. Indian Institute of Coal Management (IICM) as a state-of-the-art
Management Training 'Centre of Excellence' - the largest Corporate Training Institute in India
- operates under CIL and conducts multi-disciplinary management development programmes.
CIL is conferred with the coveted Maharatna recognition in April 2011. It is a privileged
status conferred by Government of India to select state owned enterprises in order to empower
them to expand their operations and emerge as global giants. So far, the select club has only
five members out of 217 Central Public Sector Enterprises in the country.

II. ORGANIZATIONAL SET-UP

Coal India is a holding company with seven wholly owned coal producing subsidiary
companies and one mine planning & consultancy company. It encompasses the whole gamut
of identification of coal reserves, detailed exploration followed by design and implementation
and optimizing operations for coal extraction in its mines. The Indian subsidiaries of CIL are
as under:
1) Eastern Coalfields Limited (ECL), Sanctoria, West Bengal
2) Bharat Coking Coal Limited (BCCL), Dhanbad, Jharkhand
3) Central Coalfields Limited (CCL), Ranchi, Jharkhand
4) South Eastern Coalfields Limited (SECL), Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh
5) Western Coalfields Limited (WCL), Nagpur, Maharashtra
6) Northern Coalfields Limited (NCL), Singrauli, Madhya Pradesh

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 7) Mahanadi Coalfields Limited (MCL), Sambalpur, Orissa
8) Central Mine Planning and Design Institute Limited (CMPDIL), Ranchi, Jharkhand.

Coal India has registered a subsidiary company at Mozambique, Africa for exploration and
extraction of coal namely Coal India Africana Limitada, Mozambique, North Eastern
Coalfields (NEC) a small coal producing unit operating in Margherita, Assam is under direct
operational control of CIL.

Fig.1 coal India Ltd. subsidiaries allocation all over India

III. INDIAS ENERGY SCENARIO & IMPORTANCE OF COAL

India is currently among the top three fastest growing economies of the world. As a natural
corollary, Indias energy needs too are fast expanding with its increased industrialization and
capacity addition in Power generation. This is where Coal steps in. In India coal is the critical
input for major infrastructure industries like Power, Steel and Cement etc.
Coal is the most dominant energy source in Indias energy scenario.
Coal meets around 52% of primary commercial energy needs in India against 29% the
world over.
Around 66% of Indias power generation is coal based.
India is the 3rd largest coal producing country in the world after China and USA.

IV. STRATEGIC RELEVANCE OF CIL

The relevance of CIL can be judged for the following:
CIL produces around 81.1% of India's overall coal production

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 In India where approximately 52% of primary commercial energy is coal dependent,
CIL alone meets to the tune of 40% of primary commercial energy requirement
CIL commands nearly 74% of the Indian coal market
CIL feeds 82 out of 86 coal based thermal power plants in India
It accounts for 76% of total thermal power generating capacity of the Utility sector
It supplies coal at prices discounted to international prices
CIL also insulates Indian coal consumers against price volatility
Lastly, CIL makes the end user industry globally competitive

V. MISSION OF COAL INDIA LIMITED

To produce and market the planned quantity of coal and coal products efficiently and
economically in an eco-friendly manner with due regard to safety, conservation and quality.

VI. VISION OF COAL INDIA LIMITED

The vision of the Company is to emerge as one of the global players in the primary energy
sector committed to provide energy security to the country by attaining environmentally and
socially sustainable growth through best practices from mine to market.

VII. OBJECTIVES OF CIL

Major objectives of Coal India Ltd. (CIL) are as under:

Ensure long-term energy security of the country through development of coalmines and
foraying into alternative energy sources.
To improve the quality of life of employees and to discharge the corporate obligations
to society at large and the community around the coalfields in particular.
Undertake continuous efforts to inculcate safe mining practices and promote safety
management to reach Zero Accident Potential level in all mines.
To inculcate proactive sustainable development with due emphasis on afforestation,
protection of environment and control of pollution.
To undertake detailed exploration and plan for new projects to meet the future coal
demand.
Enter into collaborations and partnerships, in India and abroad, to source and implement
best technology and management practices across different functional areas.
Enter into strategic alliances with organizations par excellence in diverse areas to bring
together complimentary skills of the partners to increase CILs long-term competitive
edge.

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 Improve customer relationship management and strengthen reach to customers through
IT-enabled system for coal sourcing.
Encourage and practice workers participation in management in letter and spirit at all
levels.
Implement Human Capital Development Policy to provide supportive work
environment through appropriate training inputs designed to make every employee face
the challenges and reap the benefits of opportunities of changing business environment.
To develop corporate image and brand equity commensurate to the size and complexity
of operations as well as the strategic relevance of the Company.

VII. OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT

1. To Study the strategic plan of CIL (COAL INDIA LIMITED).
2. To evaluate the strategic phases by CIL through appropriate tools.
3. To evaluate the production initiative of CIL as a strategy for growth.
4. To suggest infants for their future journey.

VIII. THE STRATEGIC VISION OF COAL INDIA LIMITED

To place the company on a path of accelerated growth with enhancement in productivity,
competitiveness and profitability while meeting the growing demand of coal in the country
taking care of the environment and social needs of the people in a sustainable manner through
good governance. So, it began the dream of aspiring and achieving the 1 billion tonne coal
production. With glorious past and dynamic present Coal India is gearing up for an inspiring
future. With unabated zeal aspires to meet the challenge of producing 1 Billion tonnes by 2019-
2020.

Review of existing vision / mission / objective of CIL

Business environment analysis & forecasting
New business opportunity analysis.
Strategies for production de-bottlenecking, Cost reduction & quick wins
Capital management strategy
Marketing strategy
Supply chain management
Corporate branding strategy
Human resource strategy
Risk management strategy

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 Mining technology & product development including meeting climate change issue
Business modelling, change management & implementation plan

In the opinion of the Ministry, the performance, operations and achievements of CIL were in
consonance with the vision of the Company, the Ministry of Coal in a written reply stated that
the strategic vision of CIL is to place itself on a path of accelerated growth with enhancement
in productivity, competitiveness and profitability, while meeting the growing demand of coal
in the country in an environmentally and socially sustainable manner. The Board of Directors
of CIL had approved the recommendations of KPMG and adopted the corporate plan titled
'Vision 2020'. Vision 2020 envisages various measures aimed at improving coal supply and
capability building. Necessary actions have been initiated to implement the suggestions.
KPMG is currently engaged in providing implementationrelated assistance to CIL.

On being asked whether any improvements, mid-course corrections, changes in strategy, etc.
needs to be suggested by the Ministry in the working of CIL so as to make it fully vision
oriented, the Ministry stated that coal continues to be an important source of primary energy in
the Indian economy and CIL accounts for very large share (80%) of the total production.
Therefore, the actions taken by the CIL in meeting the challenges relating to investment,
production and in overcoming the constraints arising from environmental considerations and
maintaining the quality of coal are critical if the Company has to continue to remain the leading
energy supplier in the country. In this regard, the Ministry expect CIL to take decisions
befitting its status as a Maharatna Company and quickly respond to the challenges in the
aforesaid areas and ensure that its projects are implemented in a time scale which meets the
international bench marks.

VIIIA. WHY THESE CHANGES REQUIRED?

There are a few concerns that weigh on CIL that need to be considered. One, coal prices
globally have been on a downtrend and touched a decade-low late last year. Prices have
increased since then and stabilised recently.
CILs sale price for various grades of coal is set by the company and is not automatically
linked to global prices, insulating revenue to some extent. It recently cut prices of high-
grade coal and its prices are cheaper than the equivalent import prices by 20-30 per cent.
Still, CIL will be able to maintain or improve its margin with inflation-linked hikes,
pick-up in e-auction volumes and likely price hikes in low-grade coal.

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 Two, power producers have been weighed down by debt and have not increased their
fuel purchase last year. Coal imports are on a downtrend even as power demand is
increasing.
Demand from power companies is likely to improve as reforms initiated by the
government start to yield results in a few quarters.
Three, the government has asked CIL (along with ONGC and NTPC) to adopt one urea
plant (that are shut) each for revival. The governments eagerness to dip into the cash
reserves (of 54,000 crore as of September 2015) for purposes not beneficial to minority
shareholders is a concern.
Still, the company generates 14,000 crore of cash every year and is capable of funding
its capex needs (which has averaged about 5,000 crore), pay hefty dividends and support
non-core investments.
Four, there is a perpetual Damocles sword of government stake sale hanging over CIL.
The sale was postponed in 2015-16 due to tepid market conditions.
Given similar lukewarm environment and the governments need to raise cash, it is
likely that CIL may buy back governments stake. This, if it happens, can be beneficial and
may remove the uncertainty of stake-sale, at least for 2016-17.
India is contemplating stopping imports of thermal coal in the next two-three years to
save Rs 40,000 crore annually by taking advantage of the increasing production of the dry
fuel, union Coal and Power Minister Piyush Goyal said in Mumbai on Friday.

VIII.B CIL POSITIVE INSIGHTS TO ACHIEVE THE BILLION DREAM

CILs prospects, the short-term concerns notwithstanding, are bright, aided by a few
factors. One, production has been on an uptrend and increased 8.6 per cent year-on-
year to 536 million tonnes in 2015-16.
Output is expected to increase, aided by its expansion plans in existing and new projects
as well as operational improvements, such as more machinery and better quality with
coal washeries. It is also working on improving the railway network for evacuation
through joint ventures.
The company has ample coal reserves proven reserves of 52 billion tonnes and
extractable reserves of 22 billion tonnes (about 44 years of life, based on current output
levels of 500 million tonnes a year). Bottlenecks in coal transportation have also been
easing with availability of railway rakes increasing to 212 days in 2015-16 from 194
days a year ago.

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 Two, the company is Indias top coal producer, with an 80 per cent share currently.
While there are plans to open up coal production to private companies (a 33 per cent
share of the 1.5-billion-tonne target for 2020), CIL may continue to maintain a high
share, given delays in notifications and other concerns such as land acquisition in
opening up the sector.
Three, its average sale price is likely to improve in the next few years, aided by higher
share of coal sold through e-auctions. CIL sells nearly 90 per cent of its production to
power plants on a fuel supply agreement.
The share of coal sold through auction (which are priced 30 per cent higher) is likely to
increase as more linkages, especially in the non-power sector, expire in the next two
years.
Also, with the UDAY scheme helping power distribution companies clear their dues to
generators, who in turn paid back their dues to Coal India, the financial situation was
much greener. During April-December, revenue was Rs 56,607 crore as against Rs
52,781 crore in the corresponding period of FY15, or a growth of seven per cent. Profits
improved 5.6 per cent to touch a net profit of Rs 10,026 crore in the nine months ended
December 2015.
Apart from the low demand from the power sector, we were also faced with a situation
whereby we had over 40 mt of stocks.

IX. NOTABLE ACHIEVEMENTS DURING 2014-1015 and 2015-16

State-owned Coal India Ltd (CIL) has achieved an 8.5% growth rate in production at
536 million tonnes (MT) in 2015-16, but missed the output target of 550 MT for the
just-concluded financial year.
Coal India Ltd (CIL) achieves a record production of 536 MT during FY15-16, 42 MT
more than the previous year, growth of 8.5%.
The record coal production and offtake has resulted in unprecedented 28-day average
inventory of coal at power plants, the secretary said further.
Consequent to record production of coal by Coal India, no power plant critical or
supercritical for want of coal.
The secretary had earlier said that CIL might miss the production target of 550 MT for
2015-16 by 10-15 MT due to slump in demand.
This is despite robust coal production and offtake growth of 8.6 % and 8.8 %
respectively in 2015-16, as against the average of about 3 per cent over the past five

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 years. The company also paid an interim dividend of 27.4, 32 % higher than the
dividend of 20.7 paid in 2014-15.
Record coal production by the world's largest coal miner CIL, helped India reduce its
import bill of the dry fuel by more than Rs 28,000 crore in the last fiscal.
CIL achieved a production of 494.24 MT of coal, removed 886.53 MM3 of OB and
achieved an off- take of 489.38 MT with a growth of 6.88%,9.92% & 3.77%
respectively compared to the last year.

All subsidiaries achieved a growth in production compared to the last year. There was
an impressive growth in OB removal during 2014-15. Except MCL, all other
subsidiaries had achieved a growth in OB removal. The negative growth in MCL was
on account of land acquisition problems. All subsidiaries other than BCCL had
achieved a growth in off-take compared to the last year. The negative growth in BCCL
was due to less supply of wagons.

ECL came out of BIFR, BCCL was awarded Mini Ratna status.

Government of India divested further 10% of its holding in CIL in January 2015. An
amount of Rs. 22,557 crores was realized. This was the highest divestment amount
received by the GoI by selling its stake in any company till date.

CIL Board had approved 7 Coal Projects having an annual capacity of 73.42 MT.

Project Report for setting up of Super Critical Thermal Power Project (2X800MW) at
MCL namely Mahanadi Basin Power Limited was approved by CIL Board.
No more power shortage in the country and all the thermal power stations have stock
upto 25 days.

PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE CIL

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X. FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE (CIL consolidated)

CIL is one of the largest profit making and tax & dividend paying enterprises. CIL and its
subsidiaries had achieved an aggregate pre-tax profit of Rs. 21,583.92 crores for the year 2014-
2015 against a pre-tax profit of Rs. 22,879.54 crores in the year 2013-14.
Company 2014 - 2015 2013 - 2014
(CIL subsidiaries/ CIL standalone) Profit (Rs. in Crores) Profit (Rs. in Crores)
ECL (+) 1782.41 (+) 1299.28
BCCL (+) 1154.22 (+) 2089.01
CCL (+) 2740.34 (+) 2525.87
NCL (+) 3713.47 (+) 3355.71
WCL (+) 544.79 (+) 325.86
SECL (Consolidated) (+) 5659.46 (+) 7202.40
MCL (Consolidated) (+) 5314.24 (+) 5429.08
CMPDIL (+) 39.33 (+) 34.60
CIL (standalone) (+)13651.89 (+) 15420.47
Sub - Total 34600.15 37682.28
Less: Dividend from Subsidiaries (-) 13011.72 (-) 14406.82
Total 21588.43 23275.46
Adjustment for exchange rate variation on 4.51 0.72
Current Account of overseas subsidiary
Adjustment for waiver of accrued - (-)396.64
interest of BCCL
Overall Profit as per Consolidated Accounts 21583.92 22879.54

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CIL as a group had achieved a post-tax profit of Rs. 13,726.70 crores in 2014-15 (excluding
share of minority loss of Rs. 0.09 crore; previous year Rs. 0.04 crore) as compared to Rs.
15,111.67 crores in 2013-14.
Transfer to Reserves
During the year 2014-15, a sum of Rs. 2578.50 crore was transferred to General Reserve out of CIL
(Consolidated) profits. This includes transfer of Rs. 1338.34 crore out of CIL (Standalone) profits.

XI. CAPITAL STRUCTURE

The authorized share capital of the company as on 31.03.2015 was Rs. 8904.18 crores,
distributed between Equity and Non-cumulative redeemable preference shares as under:
i. 800, 00, 00,000 Equity Shares of Rs. 10/- each (Previous Year 800, 00, 00,000 Equity
Shares of Rs. 10/- each) Rs. 8000.00 crores.
ii. 90, 41,800 Non-cumulative 10% redeemable Preference Shares of Rs. 1000/- each
(Previous Year 90, 41,800 Non-cumulative 10% Redeemable Preference Shares of Rs.
1000/- each) Rs. 904.18 crores.
iii. Total Rs. 8904.18 crores.
iv. Highlights of performance :

The highlights of performance of Coal India Limited including its Subsidiaries for the
year 2014-15 compared to previous year are shown in the table below:
Company (COAL INDIA LIMITED) 2014 - 2015 2013 - 2014
Production of Coal (in million tonnes) ) 494.24 462.42
Off-take of Coal (in million tonnes) 489.38 471.58
Sales (Gross) (Rs./Crores) 95434.76 89216.86
Capital Employed (Rs./Crores) Note- 1 76554.91 74891.87
Capital Employed (Rs./Crores)- excluding capital work in
71395.54 70576.06
progress and intangible assets
Net Worth (Rs./Crores) (As per Accounts) 40343.33 42391.86
Profit Before Tax (Rs./Crores) 21583.92 22879.54
Profit after Tax (Rs./Crores) 13726.70 15111.67
PAT / Capital Employed (in %) 17.93 20.18
Profit before Tax / Net Worth (in %) 53.50 53.97
Profit after Tax / Net Worth (in %) 34.02 35.65
Earnings Per Share (Rs.) 21.73 23.92

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 (Considering Face Value of Rs.10 per share)
Dividend per Share (Rs.) 20.70 29.00
(Considering Face Value of Rs.10 per share)
Coal Stock (Net) (in terms of No. of month net sales) 0.79 0.72
Trade Receivables (Net) (in terms of
1.07 1.11
No. of month gross sales)

XII. COAL MARKETING

Off-take of Raw Coal

Off-take of raw coal continued to maintain its upward trend and reached 489.377 million tonnes
for fiscal ended March 2015, surpassing previous best of 471.581 million tonnes achieved
during the last year, i.e., an increase of 3.8 % over the last year. The overall raw coal off-take
achieved was 94.1 % of the Annual Action Plan Target.
Company-wise target vis-a-vis actual off-take for 2014-15 and 2013-14 are shown below:
From the above, it may be seen that ECL had not only exceeded its target but also
achieved a positive growth compared to the last year.
Barring BCCL, all other coal companies had registered a positive growth in off-take.

Off-take suffered mainly due to:

Transportation constraints resulting from seizure of transport trucks for election

purposes in almost all the coal companies during the General Election in the First
Quarter.
Major accident near Latehar affecting traffic movement in Mughal Sarai section for 3
days during September''14.
Production constraint and ageing infrastructure caused frequent CHP breakdown at
various projects at NCL, delay in renewal of transportation contracts at the coal
companies, Local agitation / Law order problem at CCL/ MCL.
Restriction in transportation at MCL during 11AM to 3 PM by Odisha Government, in
the months of May-June.
Restriction imposed by District Administration for transportation of coal between 9.00
AM to 5.00 PM resulting in loss of 4 to 5 rakes per day at MCL-Ib Valley.
Inadequate availability of wagons at MCL-Ib Valley, SECL- Korba and at ECR-served
sidings of BCCL/CCL. Coal transportation constraints at SECL due to the delay in
finalization of ESM contracts & transportation constraints at WCL.

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 Heavy rain during monsoon and effect of Cyclone Hud-Hud at NCL, MCL and CCL
during October''14.
Strike by Trade Union affecting off-take & loading during January''15 and railway
restriction for up-country movement / inadequate availability of wagons during the 4th
quarter.

Sector-wise break-up of dispatch of coal & coal products in 2014-15 against the target
and last year's actual is given below:
In order to cater the enhanced requirement of power sector due to decrease in stock at power
plants and increase in number of power plants carrying critical coal stock, quantity offered
through e-auction was regulated leading to negative growth in other sector. Dispatches of coal
and coal products during 2014-15 went upto 489.982 million tonnes from 471.484 million
tonnes registering a growth of 3.9%. Overall dispatch by Non-Rail mode had been almost 101%
of the target. Growth in despatches via Rail mode was 2.7 % whereas in the overall Non-Rail
mode it increased by 5.4 %. Road despatches increased by 8.2% over the previous year.
Movement by MGR was 1.5% above the last year.

Non Mining Projects

Majority of 13 non mining projects are running behind the schedule due to discontinuance of
work by contractor, law and order problem in addition to the delay in acquisition of land and
associated problems of rehabilitation and grant of environmental & forest clearances.

XIII. INITIATIVE FOR OVERCOMING LOGISTIC BOTTLENECK

We came out with a scheme for supply of coal 'As is Where is' basis to its power consumers
under FSA, to be lifted by the purchaser by arranging their own logistics from the stock points.
The scheme aimed at augmenting coal dispatch capacity, which is constrained due to various
logistics issues restricting transportation to dispatch points.
The FSA offers similar provision for the Seller to offer coal upto 5% of the Annual contracted
quantity. For this, consumers use their own transportation arrangements, either by Road or
RoadcumRail (RCR) mode in three coal companies, namely CCL, MCL and SECL.
Logistics inadequacy in these three companies in terms of new rail connectivity has restrained
coal evacuation potentials of these companies.

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XIIV. CONSUMER SATISFACTION

CIL has built coal handling plants for a capacity of about 296 MT per annum so as to
maximize dispatches of crushed/sized coal to its consumers.

Electronic weighbridges with the facility of electronic printout have been installed at rail
loading points to ensure that coal dispatches are made only after proper weighment. For
this purpose, Coal Companies have installed 157 rail weighbridges in the Railway
Sidings and 569 road weighbridges for weighment of trucks. Coal companies have also
taken action for installation of standby weighbridges to ensure 100% weighment.

24 Auto Mechanical Samplers (AMS) are also working in subsidiary coal companies for
coal sampling for the bulk consumers eliminating chances of biasness in the sampling
process. Procurement of further AMS is under process. Thought process for installing
online analysers in new washeries on conveyor belts for proper quality management has
also started.
In order to ensure consumer satisfaction and resolve consume complaints, special
emphasis has been given to quality management and redressal of consumer complaints.
Percentage of complaint resolved was 99.44% [April 2014 to March 2015].
CIL has taken initiative and is trying its best to get NABL [National Accreditation Board
for Testing and Calibration Laboratories] accreditation for main laboratories of different
subsidiary coal companies. One lab at MCL has been accredited by NABL in addition to
the earlier one existing at WCL.

Surface Miners have been deployed by CIL for selective mining at some of the OCP
mines to improve the quality of coal.

XV. ONGOING PROJECTS

We have 148 ongoing projects, costing Rs. 2 Crores and above, which are under different
stages of implementation. The ultimate capacity of these projects is 446.75 Mty, with
sanctioned capital outlay of Rs. 32,004.54 Crores. Out of this, 85 ongoing projects contributed
to the tune of 212.04 Mt. during the terminal year of XIth Five Year Plan, i.e. 201112.
However, during the 1st year of the XIIth Five Year Plan, 90 ongoing projects contributed
260.80 Mt. The envisaged contribution during the terminal year of the XIIth Five Year Plan,
i.e. 201617, is 335.46 Mt from 134 ongoing projects. Out of these 148 ongoing projects, both
forestry and environmental clearances have already been received for 90 projects.

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Environmental and forestry clearances are awaited for 9 and 34 projects respectively. For the
remaining 15 projects, both forestry and environmental clearances are awaited.

XVI. FORESTRY AND ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCES

Forestry Clearance

During the XIth Five Year Plan, Forestry Clearances for 56 proposals, involving an area of
7095 Ha, have been obtained from MoEF. The contribution from such projects involving these
56 forestry proposals granted clearance was 77.5 Mt during the year 201213. So far, five
forestry proposals covering an area of 538 Ha have also been cleared by MoEF during the first
year of the XIIth Five Year Plan, i.e. 201213. The contribution from such projects involving
these 5 forestry proposals was 0.85 Mt during the year 201213. However, at present, 193
forestry proposals are awaiting clearances either at MoEF or at state levels. These projects
together cover an area of 29500 Ha.
Environmental Clearance
122 environmental clearance proposals for a capacity of 207 Mty have been cleared by MoEF
during the XIth Five Year Plan. So far, 30 environmental clearance proposals, for a capacity
of 100 Mty, have also been approved by MoEF during the first year of XIIth Five Year Plan,
i.e. 201213. However, at present, 48 environmental clearance proposals, having a capacity
of about 109 Mty, are awaiting clearances at different levels.

XVII. OTHER STRATEGIES

To augment underground production, semimechanized Bord and pillar mining with Load
Haul Dumper (LHD)/Side Discharge Loader (SDL) loading with continuous coal evacuation
system are being planned. Universal Drilling Machines (UDMs) are also being deployed to
increase the productivity of SDL/LHD mines. They also help to ensure safety of the workers
in the mines. Mass production technology methods with Continuous Miner (CM) and Power
Support Longwall (PSLW) faces, are now being planned to be introduced in phases in some of
the underground mines. Manriding system is being installed in underground mines to fully
utilise shift hours. This is expected to increase productivity and reduce the arduous travelling
time of the personnel in underground.

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XVII.A FOREIGN VENTURE INITIATIVES
Activities of CIAL, Mozambique
CIAL, a wholly owned subsidiary of CIL in Mozambique, has been operationalised in February
2012. An office has been set up in the city of Tete, Mozambique. A four member team of senior
officers has been deputed. Various activities related to exploration of coal blocks have been
initiated. Some of these activities are as follows:
I. Nearly 5,100 Meters of initial exploration drilling in the two allotted coal blocks have
been completed till the end of March 2013. Shri Pratik Prakashbapu Patil, the Hon'ble
Minister of State for Coal, Government of India, inaugurated this Initial exploration
drilling programme for 10,000 metros in November 2012.
II. A global tender for carrying out additional 30,000 meters of drilling in the allotted coal
blocks has been floated in February 2013 and finalized in June 2013.
III. We received environment clearance from the Government of Mozambique in July 2012
to carry out exploratory drilling and also completed geological mapping for the entire
allotted coal block.
IV. To demarcate the concession area and locate the proposed exploratory boreholes,
surveyors from CMPDI were engaged in NovDec 2012. Major part of the work has
since been completed.
XVII.B FOREIGN COLLABORATION

Indo-US Collaboration:
Status of on-going projects under Indo-US CWG:
a. Development of Coal Preparation Plant Simulator: The identified US consultant
M/s Sharpe International LLC, USA (SI) was awarded the work in October 2009 for
development of Coal Preparation Plant Simulator. Total work was split into 18
activities, out of which 11 activities were completed and payment to the tune of 40%
value had been released in line with the provision of the contract. Later in October 2013,
the SI expressed their inability to complete the work. The US representatives were
requested to take up the matter with M/s Sharpe for a meaningful conclusion of the
project. The US side has advised to contact Mr. Carl Jacobson in this regard. The issue
has been taken up with Mr. Carl Jacobson to obtain his willingness to complete the
project in accordance with the existing contract.

b. Cost Effective Technology for Beneficiation and Recovery of Fine Coal: The US
DOE had identified Virginia Tech University (VTU) for establishing an efficient

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 technique for beneficiation & dewatering of Indian coking coal mines through testing
of coal samples in lab and pilot plants at VTU for identification of state-of-the-art
technologies based on which a demonstration plant was to be installed in Sudamdih
washery in BCCL. A joint project proposal was drawn and approved by CIL R&D
Board in December''2010.
New Areas of Collaboration

1. Underground Coal Gasification (UCG): UCG is one of the key areas under Indo-US
collaboration. A project brief for capacity building in the field of UCG development
has been sent to MoC for consideration under India-US Coal Working Group, for the
development of UCG in CIL command area. A demonstration project for
commercialization is being contemplated under R&D effort by CMPDI/CIL. The
project will be taken up subject to the competent approval.

2. Planning large capacity opencast mines: National Energy Technology Laboratory

(NETL), USA has been entrusted with the responsibility for identifying suitable US
agencies for cooperation in this area. NETL has communicated to Norwest. As advised
by the US side, Norwest Corporation and Art Sullivan, were contacted by email on 8th
September 2014. Response from both was received. Preliminary information on the
subject has been received from Art Sullivan, and further talks are in progress. CMPDI
is in the process of preparing a proposal with Art Sullivan Mine Services, for jointly
working on ''Mine Safety, Occupational Health and Risk Management'' in large
opencast coal mines.

Indo-Australian Collaboration:

1. VAM project under NCEF, CMPDI, on behalf of CIL, is contemplating to take up a

project on mitigation and utilization of Ventilation Air Methane (VAM) at Moonidih,
BCCL, with CSIRO, Australia under

2. National Clean Energy Fund (NCEF) of Government of India. A project proposal for
implementation of the project is under consideration. The project will be taken up
subject to competent approval of the Government.

XVII.C INTRODUCTION OF MINEDEVELOPEROPERATOR (MDO)

In order to step coal production to meet growing demand for coal, it has now been
decided to work through the MineDeveloperOperator (MDO) mode. We propose to
take up seven mines in the first phase and expand later, based on experience.
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 Under this concept, MDO shall develop, operate the mine and be responsible for
detailed designing, financing, procurement, construction, operations and maintenance
of all infrastructures, including coal washery, loading arrangement etc. Further, the
MDO/Participating Company will facilitate possession of land and R&R activities,
preparation and clearance of EIAEMP, and forestry clearance. However, CIL will
directly obtain approval of EMP & FC. The MDO on the other hand will be responsible
for environment monitoring and management, reclamation and mine closure
(progressive and final).
XVII.D CRITICAL RAILWAY LINKS - COLLABORATION WITH STATE GOVT.
& RAILWAYS
There are a few coalfields in the country which have huge production potential but are
bereft of rail XVII.D linkages for evacuation of coal produced. Among these, 3 rail
lines linked to CCL (Jharkhand), MCL (Odisha) and SECL (Chhattisgarh) are critical
and expected to play a key role in evacuation of coal.
To monitor and speed up the commissioning of these three rail links ''Special Purpose
Vehicle'' (SPVs) have been formed in tripartite partnership among Ministry of
Railways, Ministry of Coal and the respective State Governments. IRCON and RITES
Limited will have a major role in developing and maintaining following three rail links
and other rail dispatch logistics like railway sidings.

XVII.E TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT

(b) Exploration capacity is planned to be augmented with more use of hydrostatic drills,
geophysical loggers, 2D/3D Seismic Survey Technology and Optimization of number
of coring boreholes based on the complexity of geology of the block.
(c) Introduction of high capacity equipment, Operator Independent Truck Dispatch
Systems, Vehicle Tracking System using GPS/ GPRS, CHP and SILOS for faster
loading and monitoring using laser scanners have been planned to augment coal
production from opencast mines.
(d) Introduction of Continuous Miner Technology on large scale, Long Wall Technology
at selected places, Man Riding system in major mine and Use of Tele - monitoring
techniques have been envisaged to increase production from underground mines.

XVII.F GREEN INITIATIVE

One of the major objectives of CIL among others is foraying into alternative energy sources.
With a view to achieving this objective, CIL is stated to be in the process of working out an
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arrangement with Solar Energy Corporation Ltd. (SECL) to install a 1000 Mw solar power unit
in a phased manner. Since solar power can be a viable substitute for conventional power used
by the coal companies and is also environmental-friendly, the Committee urge upon the
Company to vigorously pursue with SECL to finalize the Detailed Project Report (DPR) on
Solar Energy so that the Green Initiative undertaken by the Company are translated into a
successful venture.

XVIII. FUTURE PROJECTS

A total of 126 projects, with an estimated capacity of 438.04 Mty, have been identified.
These projects will be taken up during the XIIth Five Year Plan. Out of these future
projects, 60 projects are envisaged to contribute about 88 Mt during the terminal year
of the XIIth Five Year Plan, i.e. 201617.
Out of these 126 identified projects, PRs for 78 projects have already been formulated.
Four projects, having an estimated capacity of 12.50 Mty with an investment of Rs.
2294.79 Crs, have been sanctioned during the XIIth Five Year Plan.
CIL has envisaged a coal production of 908.10 Mt in the year 2019-20 with a CAGR
of 12.98 %. In 2015-16, the target of coal production was550.00 Mt with an annualized
growth of about 11 %. In the terminal year of XII Plan (2016-17), the envisaged coal
production is revised to 597.60 Mt against 615.00 Mt originally projected in XII Plan
document.
The capital expenditure for the year 2015-16 has been projected at Rs. 5990.50 crores.
In addition there is also an ad-hoc provision of Rs. 500 crores for acquisition of coal
assets abroad and development of coal blocks in Mozambique. In addition, company
planned to invest Rs. 4150 crores in various infrastructure projects during 2015-16.

XXI. ROADMAP TO BE FOLLOWED FOR FINDING THE 1 BILLION DREAM

Coal India Limited (CIL), the Maharatna coal mining monolith had unveiled its
roadmap, of strategies to be adopted, to attain the 1 Billion Tonne (BT) coal production
mark by 2019-20. With the projected coal demand of the country hovering around 1,200
Million Tonnes (MTs) by 2019-20, at an envisaged growth rate of 7%, CIL is expected
to chip in 1 BT, of which, 908 MTs is the expected contribution from the identified
projects.
Government of India, having considered the likelihood of commissioning further
60,000 MW, decided to revise the trigger level for coal supply from 50% to 80% of

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Annual Contracted Quantity. The Government also decided to revise the tenure of Fuel
Supply Agreement from 5 years to 20 years. So, a huge demand of coal is required to
fulfil the future need and demand.
The key issues are the - timely completion of three critical railway lines and timely land
acquisition and green clearances
Despite the above risks, we think that Coal India Limited is one of the best quality
stocks to come out in Indias primary markets.
However, Investors should be wary of the risks which will be glossed over by the
mainstream media and brokerages.
It is by being aware of the risks, that prudent risk management can be done which is
essential to successful investing.
Re-creation of Coal Project Monitoring Group (CPMG) portal for regular monitoring
of project related issues with different ministries and State Authorities. To overcome
the hurdle of coal evacuation, CIL had decided to purchase 2000 railway wagons from
its own kitty for which a specific fund had been earmarked. The coordination with
Railways for implementation has already been initiated. In a move to synergize its
efforts SECL already has 2 Special Purpose Vehicles (SPVs) with State governments
to develop rail network including last mile connectivity, involving Railways. More
number of SPVS are on immediate anvil towards grounding railways infrastructure
with Railways and concerned State Govt. participations.
Strategies for future include Technology Up gradation in Opencast Mines with high
capacity equipment, Operator independent Truck Dispatch System, Vehicle tracking
system using GPS/GPRS, Coal Handling Plants (CHPs) and SILOS for Faster Loading
and monitoring using Laser Scanners. As far as productivity improvement in
Underground mines is concerned, Shri Bhattacharya said that the steps taken by CIL
will include introduction of Continuous Miner Technology in large scale, Longwall
Technology at selected places, Man Riding system in major mines and Use of Tele
monitoring Techniques.
CIL is also introducing a number of systems improvements that would help the
company in realizing its challenging target. Use of ICT, remote sensing geophysical
technologies and proper monitoring and evaluation methodologies will be the key
features

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XX. SCOPE OF WORK:
Need to review railway freight charges.
Rationalization of cess/ royalty charges.
Need to curb coal mafia activities.
Capturing new coal blocks and innovation.
Advance and increasing the rate of geological exploration and drilling.
Increasing mine safety and reducing the rate of accidents.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. https://www.coalindia.in/
2. http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/coal-india-ltd/chairmanspeech/companyid-
11822.cms
3. http://www.moneycontrol.com/annual-report/coalindia/directors-report/CI11
4. http://profit.ndtv.com/stock/coal-india-ltd_coalindia/reports-chairman-speech
5. http://164.100.47.134/lsscommittee/Public%20Undertakings/16_Public_Undertakings
_4.pdf
6. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal_India
7. coal.nic.in/content/annual-report-201415
8. CIL_HR_VISION_(FINAL)_18052015

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