DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF POWER HAMMER USING CRANK

AND LEVER MECHANISM

ABSTRACT:
Power hammers are mechanical forging hammers that use a non-muscular
power source to raise the hammer preparatory to striking, and accelerate it onto the
work being hammered. A typical power hammer consists of a frame, an anvil, and
a reciprocating ram holding a hammer head. The workpiece is placed on the lower
anvil and the head or upper head strikes the work piece.
The present project work is a design and fabrication of POWER HAMMER.
This machine is used to break a brick into small pebble size. This project involves
the process of designing a power hammer by using crank and lever mechanism.
This project is mainly about generating a new concept of breaker that would make
the work easier and reduce the work of man power. The sole purpose of this project
is to understand the fundamental knowledge of crank and lever mechanism.
POWER HAMMER INTRODUCTION:
Smithy certainly perform very well so far as the hand- forging is concerned,
but their use for satisfactory production is limited to small forging only. It would
not be difficult to understand that the intensity of blows, however great one may
try to achieve through hand hammering, will not be sufficient enough to affect the
proper plastic flow in a medium sized or heavy forging.
For this, a power hammer is usually employed. The capacity of these
hammers is given by the total weight of their falling parts i.e., ram and die. A 200
kg hammer will be one of which the falling parts weigh 200 kg. The heavier these
parts and greater the height from which they fall. The higher will be intensity of
blow the hammer will provide. Power hammers in common use are of different
types e.g. Spring power hammers, pneumatic power hammers, Steam hammers and
Drop or Forge hammers and six bar slider crank power hammers.
CRANK AND LEVER MECHANISM:
In a kinematic chain when one link is fixed, then that chain is known as
mechanism. It may be used for transmitting or transforming motion for example
engine indicators, typewriters etc.
A mechanism which has four links is known as simple mechanism, and a
mechanism which has more than four links is known as complex mechanism. A
mechanism which is required to transmit some particular type of work is knows as
machines. In certain cased the elements have to be designed to withstand the forces
safely.
A mechanism is a kinematic chain in which kinematic pairs are connected in
such a way that first link is joined to the last link to transmit a predetermined
constrained motion.
The various parts of the mechanism are called as links or elements. When
two links are in contact and a relative motion is possible, then they are known as a
pair. An arbitrary set of a link which forms a closed chain which is capable of
relative motion and that can be made into a rigid structure by adding a single link
is known as kinematics chain. To form a mechanism from a kinematics chain one
of the link must be fixed. The technique obtaining different mechanism by fixing
the various link in turn is knows as inversion.
2D LAYOUT: