Abstract

Renewable energy technologies are clean and meet the energy demand
which is not met by conventional sources of energy technologies. At present
electricity generation from solar sources is being reached a remarkable edge. A
large scale electrical energy can be generated using concentrating solar thermal
hybrid power plant with storage system. It is fact that solar thermal power plant
(STPP) cannot operate stably and continuously due to variability of solar
irradiation. This paper proposed a optimal operating mode of hybrid STPP power
plant with biomass for continuous electricity generation. The proposed system
would be contributed to operate the biomass supported solar thermal hybrid
power plant (STHPP) with stably and continuously for the generation of electrical
energy. This paper is a technological review for the running mode of STPP that will
ensure 100% electricity generation from renewable sources with optimized
operation strategies. The storage system of STHPP contributes to save biomass
fuel that will increase the overall efficiency of the plant.
 Introduction

Biomass Supported Solar Thermal Hybrid Power Plant discuss about the
use of nonrenewable energy cause environmental pollution and also they gets
depleted. Pollution free, freely available renewable sources are best alternative.
Solar power plants are widely used but its main problem is variability. Biomass
plants are also used but its fuel availability in large amount is difficult. To
overcome the disadvantages of both power plants they are combined. By shared
use of some of the equipments effective cost is less than simple addition.
Effective operating hours and therefore overall energy generation is higher.
Hence this can be considered as technology for future. Need of solar thermal
power plant is increasing due to increased fuel cost and environmental pollution.
Working similar to conventional thermal power plant. Steam is generated through
solar thermal energy instead of fossil fuel
BIOMASS

Biomass is a renewable energy resource derived from the carbonaceous

waste of various human and natural activities. It is derived from numerous
sources, including the byproducts from the timber industry, agricultural crops,
raw material from the forest, major parts of household waste and wood. It is a
biological material derived from living, or recently living organisms. It most often
refers to plants or plant-based materials which are specifically called
lignocellulosic biomass. As an energy source, biomass can either be used directly
via combustion to produce heat, or indirectly after converting it to various forms
of biofuel. Conversion of biomass to biofuel can be achieved by different methods
which are broadly classified into: thermal, chemical, and biochemical methods.
Wood remains the largest biomass energy source to date; examples include forest
residues (such as dead trees, branches and tree stumps), yard clippings, wood
chips and even municipal solid waste. In the second sense, biomass includes plant
or animal matter that can be converted into fibers or other industrial chemicals,
including biofuels. Industrial biomass can be grown from numerous types of
plants, including miscanthus, switchgrass, hemp, corn, willow, sorghum,
sugarcane, bamboo, and a variety of tree species, ranging from eucalyptus to oil
palm (palm oil).
SOLAR ENERGY

Solar energy is radiant light and heat from the sun harnessed using a
range of everevolving technologies such as solar heating, solar photovoltaics,
solar thermal energy, solar architecture and artificial photosynthesis. It is an
important source of renewable energy and its technologies are broadly
characterized as either passive solar or active solar depending on the way they
capture and distribute solar energy or convert it into solar power. Active solar
techniques include the use of photovoltaic systems, concentrated solar power
and solar water heating to harness the energy. The development of affordable,
inexhaustible and clean solar energy technologies will have huge longer-term
benefits. It will increase countries energy security through reliance on an
indigenous, inexhaustible and mostly import-independent resource, enhance
sustainability, reduce pollution, lower the costs of mitigating global warming, and
keep fossil fuel prices lower than otherwise. These advantages are global. The
Earth receives 174 petawatts (PW) of incoming solar radiation at the upper
atmosphere. Approximately 30% is reflected back to space while the rest is
absorbed by clouds, oceans and land masses. The spectrum of solar light at the
Earth's surface is mostly spread across the visible and near-infrared ranges with a
small part in the near-ultraviolet. The total solar energy absorbed by the Earth's
atmosphere, oceans and land masses is approximately 3,850,000 exajoules per
year.
APPLICATIONS OF SOLAR TECHNOLOGY

Solar energy refers primarily to the use of solar radiation for practical ends.
However, all renewable energies, other than geothermal and tidal, derive their
energy from the sun. Solar technologies are broadly characterized as either
passive or active depending on the way they capture, convert and distribute
sunlight.

Active solar techniques use photovoltaic panels, pumps, and fans to

convert sunlight into useful outputs.
Passive solar techniques include selecting materials with favorable thermal
properties, designing spaces that naturally circulate air, and referencing
the position of a building to the Sun.

Active solar technologies increase the supply of energy and are

considered supply side technologies, while passive solar technologies reduce the
need for alternate resources and are generally considered demand side
technologies.
ADVANTAGE OF BIOMASS SUPPERTED STHPP

Redundant energy is stored during sunny days

When the parameters of steam cannot reach rated value during

insufficient solar radiation, then biomass plant starts to operate

Ensures 100% use of renewable sources to generate electricity

Reduce pollution and increase the efficiency

CONCLUSION

Stable and continuous mode of operation

Ensure to use 100% renewable sources

Reduces the usage of biomass.

Lowers the carbon footprint by not burning the biomass.

Suitable for distributed power generation in any location.

Efficient in solar thermal energy conversion.

This plant can be considered as most important modes to use solar thermal
and biomass power in future