CONTENTS

. SYNOPSIS
. INTRODUCTION
. LITERATURE SURVEY
. NEED FOR AUTOMATION
. BLOCK DIAGRAM
. LAYOUT DIAGRAM
. WORKING PRINCIPLE
. FABRICATION OF PARTS
. ADVANTAGES
0. APPLICATIONS
1. LIST OF MATERIALS
2. COST ESTIMATION
3. CONCLUSION
4. BIBLIOGRAPHY
 SYNOPSIS

This system is mainly used for industrial field. If they want to burry a well, they
need so many members to do that job. But if they use this crane system, only few
persons are enough to do that work. The reason is it can take up all the stones or any
other related materials from one place to another place by single crane operator. What
the benefit appear here means, manpower is totally reduced. It not only helps in this
field, but also can use in industrial purpose for robotics based jobs.
INTRODUCTION to JIB CRANES
Description:
Jib cranes are not created equally. Gorbel offers the most comprehensive features and design
criteria in the industry.

Properly Applied Gorbel Jib Cranes:

 Cover circular (or semi-circular) work areas
Are versatile enough to perform a wide variety of local handling and spotting functions
Are economical enough to be dedicated to individual work stations
Can increase worker satisfaction and encourage safe work practices
Provide a rapid return on investment
Can relieve a main crane of many handling operations where the greater capacity and energy
consumption of the larger unit would be wasted
Can be effectively applied in the absence of a main crane, especially where load handling is
localized
Are an economical choice for outdoor installations
 LITERATURE SURVEY

Jib Cranes are industrial machines which mostly uses for materials movements in
construction of buildings, production halls, assembly lines, storage areas, and
power plants. The design features of jib crane vary widely according to their major operational and
manufacturing specifications such as: crane structure according to motion, weight and type of the
load, crane location, geometric features, and environmental conditions. However, a review of the
available literature tells that technical design of jib cranes are highly saturated and standardized in
many industrial companies and organizations independent of the jib crane type. Consideration of the
available technology that is mainly based on the accumulated previous experience is important
for better performance, higher safety and more reliable designs. It is well known that generic
features of jib crane components are similar for various different types of cranes. Since the jib crane
design procedures are highly standardized with these components, main effort and time spent in jib
crane design projects are mostly for interpretation and implementation of the available design. In the
initial stage the project overview and scope of project is analyzed. Further on the literature based on
the current design is reviewed.

Over the past several years, tools that help programmers quickly create applications with
graphical user interfaces have dramatically improved programmer productivity. This has increased
the pressure on testers, who are often perceived as bottlenecks to the delivery of software products.
Testers are being asked to test more and more code in less and less time. They need to dramatically
improve their own productivity. Test automation is one way to do this.
 TYPES OF JIB CRANE

FREE STANDING JIB CRANES

Description:
Available as Base Plate Mounted (FS300), Insert Mounted (FS350), and Sleeve Insert Mounted
(FS350S)
All three types use a similar mast pipe, head assembly, and I-beam boom
Difference in the models is found in the mounting arrangement
Provide for 360 of continuous rotation
All models have a round mast pipe that remains stationary throughout rotation
Design Advantages:
The features incorporated into the design of a Gorbel Free Standing jib make it the most
unique in the industry.
Applied Forces to the Supporting Structure:
The applied forces diagram details the relative position and direction of the forces that a Wall
Bracket jib crane applies to the structure that supports it when a load is picked up.
When a load is applied, the top wall bracket applies an overall downward and outward force
(pull) on its support. The tie rod is in tension. The bottom wall bracket applies a downward and
inward force (thrust) on its support. These Thrust & Pull forces are significantly higher than the
capacity of the crane! Be sure to have a qualified structural engineer verify the adequacy of the
supporting structure.
Design Advantages:
The key to Gorbels superior Wall Bracket jib crane lies in the design and manufacture of the
bracket system, and in the fact that cap channels are added to longer spans for lateral stability.
Tie Rod:
A single tie rod (ASTM A36), right-hand threaded at each end, is utilized
Offers ease of leveling
NEED FOR AUTOMATION

Over the past several years, tools that help programmers quickly create applications with
graphical user interfaces have dramatically improved programmer productivity. This has increased
the pressure on testers, who are often perceived as bottlenecks to the delivery of software products.
Testers are being asked to test more and more code in less and less time. They need to dramatically
improve their own productivity. Test automation is one way to do this.

The Promise of Test Automation

Test automation implementations are expected to achieve some or all of the following
objectives;

Speed up testing to accelerate releases

Allow testing to happen more frequently

Reduce costs of testing by reducing manual labour

Improve test coverage

Ensure consistency

Improve the reliability of testing

Allow testing to be done by staff with less skill

Define the testing process and reduce dependence on the few who know it

Make testing more interesting; reduce the mundane repetitive execution of tests.
The Reality

Unfortunately, more often than not, automation implementations fail due for a number of
reasons, the most common being;

Effective test automation requires developer skills, already a rare commodity,

Building a regression test suite requires significantly more time to develop than
purported by the tool vendors,
A reasonable maturity and competence in manual testing is lacking,
Maintenance of the regression suite becomes unmanageable with the number of
changes implemented in each release,
The application must be available and stable before script development/ maintenance
can take place,
ROI on the tools and labour seldom, if ever, occurs in the short term,
Test Automation Engineers are seldom included as an integral part of the
development/test team,
The Test Automation Engineers automate the tests previously executed for each release,
adding to the regression test pack. This results in a large number of (short) segmented
automated tests.
A number of automated testing frameworks exist but require an army of consultants
to maintain,
Metrics are difficult to determine as the test automation scripts do not necessarily
report into the Test Management tool effectively.
BLOCK DIAGRAM
LAYOUT DIAGRAM
 WORKING PRINCIPLE

This project is designed with power supply, solar panel with battery, driver circuit with relay,
keypad, Dc motor and crane model.

In this project entire kit is controlled by using solar power. Solar panel consists of number of
silicon cells, when sun light falls on this panel it generate the voltage signals then these voltage
signals given to charging circuit. Depends on the panel board size the generated voltage amount is
increased. In charging circuit the voltage signal from the board is gathered together and stored in the
battery. The battery power is used to control the vehicle. The keypad is used to control the crane
which is connected with the microcontroller. In the keypad the three keys names are assigned FOV,
REV and STOP.
 When the FOV key is pressing the microcontroller activates the driver circuit then through this
driver circuit the relay will activated. Relay is directly connected with dc motor. Hence the
synchronous motor is running while the F/R switch is touch. When the F/R switch is touch the crane
modal gets stopped. The same process is talking when the REV key is pressing. Suppose
synchronous motor is running if the STOP key is pressing motor will stop at the same place while
FOR or REV key pressing. The same process is continuously repeating.
SOLAR PANEL

Solar panel refers either to a photovoltaic module, a solar hot water panel, or to a set of

solar photovoltaic (PV) modules electrically connected and mounted on a supporting structure.

A PV module is a packaged, connected assembly of solar cells. Solar panels can be used as a

component of a larger photovoltaic system to generate and supply electricity in commercial and

residential applications.

Each module is rated by its DC output power under standard test conditions (STC), and

typically ranges from 100 to 320 watts. The efficiency of a module determines the area of a module

given the same rated output an 8% efficient 230 watt module will have twice the area of a 16%

efficient 230 watt module. There are a few solar panels available that are exceeding 19% efficiency.
 A single solar module can produce only a limited amount of power; most installations contain
multiple modules. A photovoltaic system typically includes a panel or an array of solar modules,
an inverter, and sometimes a battery and/or solar tracker and interconnection wiring.

Basic Components of Solar Power

The major components include P.V modules, battery and inverter. The most efficient way to
determine the capacities of these components is to estimate the load to be supplied. The size of the
battery bank required will depend on the storage required, the maximum discharge rate, and the
minimum temperature at which the batteries will be used.

When designing a solar power system, all of these factors are to be taken into consideration
when battery size is to be chosen. Lead-acid batteries are the most common in P.V systems because
their initial cost is lower and also they are readily available nearly everywhere in the world. Deep
cycle batteries are designed to be repeatedly discharged as much as 80 percent of their capacity and
so they are a good choice for power systems

TYPES OF SOLAR PANEL

Flat plate systems:

on rigid flat surface

 usually from single wafers from 300 to 250 to 200 m tk

Area: 170 cm 2 approx.

Output power: 1 Output power: 1 - 2 W approx 2 W approx.

Output Voltage: 0.5 v approx. B.

Concentrator systems:

With optical components, e.g. lenses to direct and concentrate sunlight on the PV cells of small
areas Solar radiation

Involving tracking mechanisms for directing the sunlight

Can increase power flux of sunlight hd d fi Fresnel lens Solar cell hundreds of times

Heat dissipation required

DC MOTOR

Nr-dc-eco is high quality low cost dc geared motor. It contains brass gears and steel pinions to
ensure longer life and better wear and tear properties. The gears are fixed on hardened steel spindles
polished to a mirror finish. These spindles rotate between bronze plates which ensures silent
running. The output shaft rotates in a sintered bushing. The whole assembly is covered with a plastic
ring. all the bearings are permanently lubricated and therefore require no maintenance. The motor is
screwed to the gear box from inside.

A DC motor in simple words is a device that converts direct current

(electrical energy) into mechanical energy. Its of vital importance for the
industry today, and is equally important for engineers to look into the working
principle of DC motor in details that has been discussed in this article. In order
to understand the operating principle of dc motor we need to first look into its
constructional feature.

The very basic construction of a dc motor contains a current carrying

armature which is connected to the supply end through commutator segments

and brushes and placed within the north south poles of a permanent or an

electro-magnet as shown in the diagram below. Now to go into the details of

the operating principle of DC motor its important that we have a clear

understanding of Flemings left hand rule to determine the direction of force

acting on the armature conductors of dc motor

Flemings left hand rule says that if we extend the index finger, middle

finger and thumb of our left hand in such a way that the current carrying

conductor is placed in a magnetic field (represented by the index finger) is

perpendicular to the direction of current (represented by the middle finger),

then the conductor experiences a force in the direction (represented by the

thumb) mutually perpendicular to both the direction of field and the current in

the conductor.
 ADVANTAGES

1. Simple and hand efficient

2. Cheap and best
3. Reduced man power.
 APPLICATIONS

1. In agriculture field
2. In industrial
3. In medical shops etc

Assembly and Fabrication

 Align components in assembly operations.
Reduce operator strain and fatigue.
Load fixtures and tooling onto machinery.
Lift products onto work tables and carts.
Processing

Repetitively load material into machinery.

Raise material from pits and hoppers.
Shipping and Receiving

Load cumbersome products onto trailers.

Lower equipment onto pallets and into crates.
Service and Maintenance

Safely remove and replace fork truck batteries.

Raise motors and pumps through access ports.
Warehousing and Storage

Lift and rotate products onto mezzanines and platforms

Position products on slide-out shelving and carou
 LIST OF MATERIALS

Sl no Components Qty

1. Solar panel 1

2. Jib crane working 1

3. 16 his rod 4

4. Battery 1

5. Miscellaneous
 COST ESTIMATION

Sl no Components Qty Cost

1. Solar panel 1 2000

3. Jib crane working 1 1000

4. 16 his rod 4 1500

5. 30 RPM motor 1 500

6. Miscellaneous 500
7. Total 5,500/-
 CONCLUSION

The project Solar operated jib crane is designed very care full using our mechanism
engine through .it works much without any problem. During the assembly we must some offset used
otherwise then is so problem at all. In fault we can make it as a fully automated system.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

[1] Badwal, S.P.S.; Giddey, S.; Kulkarni, A.; Goel, J.; Basu, S. (May 2015). "Direct ethanol fuel
cells for transport and stationary applications A comprehensive review". Applied Energy 145: 80
03. doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.02.002
[2] Grove, William Robert. "On a Gaseous Voltaic Battery", Philosophical Magazine and Journal of
Science vol. XXI (1842), pp. 417420

[3] Kakati B. K., Deka D., "Differences in physico-mechanical behaviors of resol and novolac type
phenolic resin based composite bipolar plate for proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel
cell", Electrochimica Acta 2007, 52 (25): 73307336.

[4] Spendelow, Jacob and Jason Marcinkoski. "Fuel Cell System Cost 2013", DOE Fuel Cell
Technologies Office, October 16, 2013

[5] http://scopewe.com/phosphoric-acid-fuel-cells

[6] Srivastava, H. C. Nootan ISC Chemistry (12th) Edition 18, pp. 458459, Nageen Prakashan
(2014) ISBN 9789382319399