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R. JAGADEESWARI*
PG Scholar, Department of EEE,
Adhiyamaan College of Engineering,
Hosur - 635109, Tamilnadu, India.
jagadeeshwari27.r@gmail.com
Abstract
Proposed micro grid has a AC bus and DC-bus, interconnected together with a tie line
DC AC converter. AC-bus of the micro grid can operate in synchronism with the utility grid.
In islanded mode of operation, i.e. in the absence of the utility grid, voltage on AC bus is
observed to show drastic fluctuations with changing reactive power load on the Micro grid.
This provokes the need of a dynamic reactive power supplying and consuming element on
AC bus. Furthermore, compensation of reactive power maximizes utilization of capacity of
power converters and generators. It includes a 2-level voltage source inverter (VSI) with a
capacitor bank in DC link. It is embedded with grid synchronizing control system and DC
link capacitor voltage regulating control system.
Key words: Adaptive control, low voltage ride through, photovoltaic power
systems, power system control, power system dynamic stability
I. INTRODUCTION
Micro grid has a AC-bus and DC-bus, interconnected together with a tie line DC -AC
converter. AC-bus is connected to wind power plants, pico-hydro plant, local AC-loads and to
the electricity grid with an islanding scheme. Power quality on AC bus has to be maintained
in both the modes of operation of micro grid (islanded and non-islanded). Sudden islanding
of utility grid creates significant voltage disturbances on AC bus. The AC bus has grid tie
inverters, AC-DC-AC converters, and conventional synchronous generators as the sources
supplying dynamic real power loads as well as reactive power loads. Supply of
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ISSN NO (Online):
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH REVIEW
IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT (IJRREM)
Reactive power reduces the maximum amount of real power that can be supplied by the
sources thereby resulting into poor utilization of their capacity.
II. PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE:
Fig. 1.shows the solar module A solar panel (photovoltaic module or photovoltaic panel)
is a packaged interconnected assembly of solar cells, also known as photovoltaic cells. Solar
panels use light energy (photons) from the sun to generate electricity through the photovoltaic
effect. Assemblies of cells are used to make solar modules, or photovoltaic arrays. Very few
modules incorporate any design features to decrease temperature; however installers try to
provide good ventilation behind the module. Another design concept is to split the light into
different wavelength ranges and direct the beams onto different cells tuned to the appropriate
wavelength ranges. This is projected to raise efficiency by 50%. Also, the use of infrared
photovoltaic cells can increase the efficiencies, producing power at night. Table I shows the
Optimal Values of Unknown Parameters of the PV Model under STC
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TABLE I
Optimal Values Of Unknown Parameters Of The PV Model Under STC
IPV 8.214A
-8
IO 7.50610 A
RS 0.23
RP 405.255
A 1.28
III. PI CONTROLLER:
PI controller will eliminate forced oscillations and steady state error resulting in operation
of on-off controller and P controller respectively. PI controllers are very often used in
industry, especially when speed of the response is not an issue.Fig.4. shows the block
diagram of system with PI controller
COUPLING
GRID TRANSFORMER LOAD
PV Panel INVERTER
CONTROLLER
Fig.5(a)
Fig.5(b)
Fig.5.(a) and (b) Control Structure For The Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System With
MPPT Technique Based On Voltage-Oriented Control
IV. PROPOSED SIMULATION BLOCK DIAGRAM
WITH PV MODULE
Fig. 7(a)
WITHOUT PV MODULE
Fig. 7(b)
Fig .7 (a) and (b) shows the snapshot of the output waveform 0f Grid-Connected
VI. CONCLUSION
The proposed control strategy was applied to the DC-DC boost converter for a
maximum power point tracking operation and also to the grid-side inverter for controlling the
Vdc. It can be claimed from the simulation results that the capability of grid-connected PV
power plants can be further enhanced using the proposed control strategy whatever under grid
temporary or permanent fault condition.
REFERENCES
[1] Balaguer I.J. ; Dept. of Electrical Eng. , Michigan State Univ. , East Lansing, MI, USA ;
Control for Grid-Connected and Intentional Islanding Operations of Distributed Power
Generation IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 58, No. 1 , Dec. 2010.
[2] Majumder R. ; ABB Corp. Res., Vasteras, Sweden, Reactive Power Compensation in
Single-Phase Operation of Microgrid IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 60,
No. 4 ,Nov. 2012.
[5] Jamal Alnasseir Theoretical and Experimental Investigations on Snubber Circuits for
High Voltage Valves of FACTS Equipment for Over Voltage Protection Master Thesis
Project Erlangen 2007.
[6] Pranesh Rao and M. L. Crow, STATCOM Control for Power System Voltage Control
Applications IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 15, NO. 4, October 2000.
[7] Madhusudan,Sir C.R. Reddy College ,Ramamohan Rao, Modeling and simulation of a
distribution STATCOM (D-STATCOM) for power quality problems-voltage sag and swell
based on Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) IEEE Transactions, March 2012