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Acquisition Box
pVT CELL
Gasometer
15 Ksi 180 C
Sample volume 25 cc
Pressure (+/- 10 psi)
process fluid/flush mount
Volume (+/- 0.05 cc)
LVDT
Temperature (+/- 0.2 C)
Bubble & dew point
fiber optic detection
magnetic coupled mixer
WFPM Cell
Cell Body
Sample Ports
Control Valves
Heating Jacket
Stirrer
Rodded Piston
End Cap
Bubble Point determination
PPP=P=P=10,000
15,000
=4,000
5,000
=500
15
0 psia
psia
psia
psia
psia
Bubble Point
Determination Gas
Evacuate Cell Low
Charge Sample
Start Mixer
Density
Expansion 1
Expansion 2
Bubble Point High
Liquid
2 Expansion
Abandonment
Dew Point
determination PP=P=P12,000
=6,000
=15 psia
15,000
8,000
7,000
5,000
2,500
0 psia
psia
psia
Dew Point
Determination Gas
Evacuate Cell Low
Charge Sample
Start Mixer
Density
Expansion 1
Expansion 2
Dew Point
2 Expansion High
Liquid
2 Expansion
Abandonment
WGOR
5000 +/- 1 cc gasometer
Counter balanced piston
position encoder
3 ft x 1 ft footprint
Accessories
liquid trap 25 +/- 0.02 cc
vacuum pump
gas sample port
j-type thermocouple
digital pressure transducer
WFAC
blotter
paper
solvent
t0 t1 t2
Gas Phase Chromatography
Principle
oven
data
Injector
detector
column
Gas Chromatography Basics Components
Chromatogram Example
WFPI
400 371368
315 328
WFAS Data
300
LAB DATA
202197 202 206
200
100
42 43 50 49
7.86.7
0
C1 C12+ OBM MW STO MW GOR Psat bar
Mole % Mole% scf/stbbl
PVT Lab vs PVT Express Data Comparison
Gas Condensate
450
374 373
ANN utilises a large number of parameters that relate input and output
data
Tuning done during training over 1000 PVT studies
Accurately predicts complete set PVT properties
Operator independent
Quality assessment
Artificial Neural Network Principle
w1.1
x1 y1
w1.2
x2 y2
w1.n
Transfer function (w)
xn yn
ANN principle
ANN Features
Pros:
Give an advantage to the database owner.
Light weight software.
Operator independent.
Crash proof.
Quality assessment
Cons:
Not seen as true science.
Limited to the database range (no extrapolation).
Limited to the specific problem (input and output).
PVT Expert Prediction Accuracy
Black Oil
4.0
3.5
Predicted Bo @ pb (vol/vol)
3.0
+/- 5%
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0
Reported Bo @ pb (vol/vol)
PVT Expert Prediction Accuracy
Gas Condensate
20
Predicted maximum condensation (% vol)
18
16
14
12
10
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20