Chapter 4: Emotions and Moods

4-1

Copyright 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

 Learning Objectives
After studying this chapter, you should be able to:
Differentiate between emotions and moods.
Identify the sources of emotions and moods.
Show the impact emotional labor has on
employees.
Describe affective events theory and its
applications.
Contrast the evidence for and against the existence
of emotional intelligence.
Identify strategies for emotion regulation and their
4-2
likely effects.
Copyright 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
 Differentiate Between
Emotions and Moods
In the past, emotions were ignored in OB
Myth of rationality
Managers worked to make emotion-free
environments.
Emotions were believed to be disruptive.
Now we know that emotions cant be separated
from the workplace.

4-3

Copyright 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

Differentiate Between
Emotions and Moods

4-4

Copyright 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

 Differentiate Between
Emotions and Moods
Six essentially universal emotions
1. Anger
2. Fear
3. Sadness
4. Happiness
5. Disgust
6. Surprise

4-5

Copyright 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

Differentiate Between
Emotions and Moods

4-6

Copyright 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

 Differentiate Between
Emotions and Moods
Well-being

Subjective Well-Being
life satisfaction + (positive-negative emotions)

Psychological Well-Being
self acceptance, autonomy, environmental
mastery, personal growth, positive relations,
purpose in life 4-7

Copyright 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

Differentiate Between
Emotions and Moods

4-8

Copyright 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

 Identify the Sources of
Emotions and Moods
Personality
Moods and emotions have a trait component.
Affect intensity how strongly people
experience their emotions.
Time of Day
Happier in the midpoint of the daily awake
period.
Day of the Week
Happier toward the end of the week.
4-9

Copyright 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

 Identify the Sources of
Emotions and Moods
Weather
Illusory correlation no effect.
Social Activities
Physical, informal, and dining activities increase
positive moods.
Sleep
Poor sleep quality increases negative affect.
Exercise
Does somewhat improve mood, especially for
depressed people. 4-10

Copyright 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

 Identify the Sources of
Emotions and Moods
Age
Older people experience fewer negative emotions.

Gender
Women tend to be more emotionally expressive,
feel emotions more intensely, and have longer-
lasting moods.

4-11

Copyright 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

 Show the Impact Emotional
Labor Has on Employees
Emotional labor an employees expression of
organizationally desired emotions during
interpersonal transactions at work.

Emotional dissonance occurs when employees

have to display an emotion while simultaneously
feeling another.

4-12

Copyright 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

 Show the Impact Emotional
Labor Has on Employees
Types of Emotions
Felt: the individuals actual
emotions.
Displayed: required or
appropriate emotions.
Surface acting: hiding ones
inner feelings and foregoing
emotional expressions in
response to display rules.
Deep acting: trying to modify
ones true inner feelings 4-13
based on display rules.
Copyright 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
 Describe Affective Events
Theory and Identify Its Applications

4-14

Copyright 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

Contrast the Evidence For and Against
the Existence of Emotional Intelligence

4-15

Copyright 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

 Contrast the Evidence For and Against
the Existence of Emotional Intelligence
EI is controversial and not wholly accepted.
The case for EI
Intuitive appeal.
Predicts criteria that matter.
Is biologically-based.
The case against EI
Researchers do not agree on definitions too
vague as a concept.
Cant be measured.
4-16
Is nothing but personality with a different label
Copyright 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
 Identify Strategies for Emotion
Regulation and Their Likely Effects
Emotion regulation involves identifying and
modifying the emotions you feel.
Effective emotion regulation techniques include:
Acknowledging rather than suppressing
emotional responses to situations.
Re-evaluating events after they occur.
Venting.

4-17

Copyright 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

 Identify Strategies for Emotion
Regulation and Their Likely Effects
Selection
EI should be a hiring factor, especially for social
jobs.
Decision Making
Positive emotions can lead to better decisions.
Creativity
Positive mood increases flexibility, openness, and
creativity.
Negotiation
Emotions can affect negotiations. 4-18

Copyright 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

 Identify Strategies for Emotion
Regulation and Their Likely Effects
Motivation
Positive mood affects expectations of success.
Leadership
Emotions are important to acceptance of
messages from organizational leaders.
Customer Service
Emotions influence customer service.
Emotional contagion = catching emotions

4-19

Copyright 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

 Identify Strategies for Emotion
Regulation and Their Likely Effects
Job Attitudes
A good day at work tends to be followed by a good
mood at home and vice versa.

Deviant Workplace Behaviors

Negative emotions lead to workplace deviant
behaviors.

Safety and Injury at Work

Dont do dangerous work when in a bad mood. 4-20

Copyright 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

 Implications for Managers
To foster effective decision making, creativity, and
motivation, look to model positive emotions and
moods as much as possible.
Provide positive feedback to increase the positivity
of employees.
In the service sector, encourage positive displays of
emotion, which make customers feel more positive.
Regulate your emotional responses to an event by
recognizing the legitimacy of the emotion and being
careful to vent only to a supportive listener who is
not involved in the event. 4-21

Copyright 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.