LAB REPORT

Synthesis of
Tetramethylammonium
Pentaiodide

BY

Nitit Kaveevorasart 5861080

Napassorn Pisittivitayanon 5861064
Jirat Prasertmak 5861035
Salisa Simaroj 5861136
Kochakorn Thangsombat 5861307

Section 1101

General Chemistry
Ms. Sorasaree Tonsiengsom
Mahidol University International Demonstration School
Semester 1 Academic Year 2016
Summary/Abstract

This experiment is designed to investigate the relationship of mass of the

reactant and that of the product by the following steps: first, we calculate the reactant,
stir them and do the filtration process. Then, we use the filtration vacuum to suck the
liquid out and left with the product (the solid part) that we want. Next, we put the
product on the paper and calculate the mass of the final product and percent yields.
0.5 grams of Tetramethylammonium iodide and 1.31 grams of iodine produces 1.36
grams of Tetramethylammonium Pentaiodide as a result. Percent yield of the product
is 37.19 %.
Introduction

Nowadays a lot of scientists are inventing new substances all the time. Most of
the time scientists usually use a combination of the things that already exist on earth
which is called mixture. Mixture is the physical combination of two or more substances
in which the substance retain their distinct properties. In the process of creating
mixtures scientist need to have a knowledge of chemical reaction. Moreover, the most
important things that all of scientists should know is the relationship of mass.
In this experiment, we will make a mixture by combine two substances which
are tetramethylammonium iodide and iodine.
Me4N+I- + 2I2 Me4N+I5-
Then we will heat up a chemical and place it too cool down to form crystallization
which is the process where solid product forms. After crystallization process we will
use vacuum filtration to get rid of liquid and get only crystals. Finally, we will show about
mass relationship of reactant and product. This also provides the method of calculating
which will provide a lot of knowledge. For example, mole calculating, finding limiting
reagent and express reagent, finding percent yield and balancing chemical equation.

Objective

To synthesize tetramethylammonium pentaiodide and determine that the mass

of reactant may not be as equal as that of the product.
Materials

Balances Spatula Iodine

Weighing paper Tetramethylammonium Iodine Petri dish

Beaker 50 mL 95% Ethanol Wash bottle Hot plate

Stirring rod Graduated cylinder Fume hood

Methods

1. Firstly, use spatula to add a 50 mL beaker up with 0.5 grams of

Tetramethylammonium iodide which measured with a weighing paper on a balances.
Then, use a stirring rod to break up clumps of Me4N+I-.
2. Secondly, measure 1.3 grams of iodine to the beaker with a weighing paper on a
balances and use spatula to add to the beaker.
3. Use a wash bottle to transfer 95% ethanol into a graduated cylinder in order to
measure 12 mL of 95% ethanol. Then, add it up to the beaker.
4. Next, heat the beaker at a low temperature and stir on a hot plate for 10 minutes
until Tetramethylammonium iodide has dissolved within a fume hood.
5. Then, allow the solution to cool down in ice bath for 10 minutes in order to let the
crystals form.
6. Set up the apparatus for suction filtration.
7. Use vacuum filtration, collect the crystals.
8. Then, ash them with hexanes for 5 times (5 mL portions until filtrate dropping from
funnel is colourless).
9. Air-dry the product with weigh.
Results

We get 1.36 grams of Tetramethylammonium Pentaiodide. It is dark green in

colour and in a form of crystalized solid.

Discussion

We do experiment about synthesis of Tetramethylammonium Pentaiodide. We

synthesized the reactant which are 0.5 grams of Tetramethylammonium iodide or
0.005797 mol Tetramethylammonium iodide and 1.31 grams of iodine or 0.005162
mol iodine, produces 1.36 grams of Tetramethylammonium Pentaiodide or 0.001919
mol Tetramethylammonium Pentaiodide by crystallization and filtration. Percent yield
of the product is about 37.19 %. Limiting reagent is the reactant that runs out first in
the chemical reaction, so in this case, Iodine is the limited reagent. We expect the
mass of the product to be 1.81 which is less than the results. The errors that can be
caused are when we stir the solution, we take turns to do that so the solution is not
constantly and continuously and some extra grams of reactant. To prevent these
mistakes is to be more careful and precise to get the most accurate as possible.
Calculations

2. Me4N+I- (0.5g.) + 2I2 (1.31g.)

**Me = CH3
Me4N+I- = (CH3)4N+I- = C4H12N+I-
Molar mass of Me4N+I- = (12.0107x4) + (1.00794x12) + (14.0067) + (126.90447)
= 48.0428 + 12.09528 + 14.0067 + 126.90447
= 86.24006
= 86.24 grams
Molar mass of I2 = 126.90447x2
= 253.80894
= 253.8 grams
1 4+
Mole of Me4N+I- = (0.5 grams Me4N+I-) x
86.24 Me4N+I
= 0.005797 mol Me4N I +-

1 I2
Mole of I2 = (1.31 grams I2) x
253.8 I2
= 0.005162 mol I2
3. Me4N+I5-
Mass of Me4N+I5- with weighing paper = 1.93 grams
Mass of weighing paper = 0.57 grams
Mass of Me4N+I5- = 1.93 0.57 = 1.36 grams
Molar mass of Me4N+I5- = (12.0107x4) + (1.00794x12) + (14.0067) + (126.90447x5)
= 48.0428 + 12.09528 + 14.0067 + 634.52235
= 708.66713
= 708.7 grams
1 4+
Mol of Me4N+I5- = (1.36 grams Me4N+I5-) x
708.7 Me4N+I
= 0.001919 mol Me N I4
+ -
5
4. Me4N+I- (0.5g.) + 2I2 (1.31g.) = Me4N+I5-
1mol Me4N+I- 1mol Me4N+I5-
1 Me4N+I5
0.005797mol Me4N+I- x 0.005797 mol Me4N+I- = 0.005797 mol Me4N+I5-
1mol Me4N+I

2mol I2 1mol Me4N+I5-

1 4+5
0.01032 mol l2 x 0.01032 mol I2 = 0.00516 mol Me4N+I5-
2 2
5. Theoretical yield = 0.00516 x 708.7
= 3.657 grams

6. Percent yield = x 100

1.36
= x 100
3.657
= 37.19 %
Conclusion

According to the result, the mass of the reactant is not equal to the mass of the
product with iodine as the limiting reagent of this experiment. From the experiment,
we know which reactant is limiting reagent and which one is excess reagent by
calculation of each reactant. 0.5 grams of Tetramethylammonium iodide which is
excess reagent and 1.31 grams of iodine which is limiting reagent produce 1.36
grams of Tetramethylammonium Pentaiodide as a result. Percent yield of the product
that we get is 37.19 %.