COOLING LOAD CALCULATIONS

IN THE FACULTY OF

COLLEGE OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS

FOR THE SUBJECT

REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING ENGINEERING

ARELLANO, LEIDY DONAMAE H.

DARAUAY, PAUL VINCENT F.

ILAO, JOHN JOEL B.

REGANIT, JONALYN C.

ENGR. POLICARPIO L. MABBORANG JR.

PROFESSOR
 COOLING LOAD CALCULATIONS

INTRODUCTION

Living in an air conditioned space is one of the necessities that people need
nowadays. During hot weather, we prefer to be at a place where it is cold because that can
make us feel comfortable. Especially when we are doing something, in an office for example,
we dont want to feel uncomfortable because it can affect our work. According to studies,
comfortable workplace is a productive workplace. Because when you are in a room that is air
conditioned while working, you will not feel irritated and uncomfortable. When working,
body continuously generating heat that can add up to the factors that affects in maintaining
the desired temperature in a space like equipments and appliances, number of occupants,
lights and outside temperature and humidity.

But in order to maintain the comfort we feel and have energy efficient building, we
must consider the different parameters like the weather condition outside and the heating
ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) inside.

OBJECTIVES

The general objective of this study is to determine the cooling load capacity of the
faculty office of the College of Public Administration. And the specific objectives are;

1. To determine the external loads of the office.

2. To determine the internal loads of the office.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The significance of getting the cooling load capacity of the office is to determine how
to maintain the desired temperature of the room and to make it energy efficient. In knowing
the different parameters that affect the temperature and humidity of the room; we can lessen
the energy that the internal and external loads add up. Using the appliances and lights when
needed can reduce the energy it dissipates. And also the parts of the office where there is leak
like in the doors and windows can also be considered.
MATERIALS AND METHODS

Materials

1. Tape measure
2. Camera
3. CAD Software
4. Paper and Ballpen

Methodology

Walls

QWALL=UACLTDWALLC

Step

1. Determine wall construction and overall heat transfer coefficient.

2. Select wall type which is closest to matching actualwallconstruction.Pay attention to
effect of mass distribution ( inside insulation,outside insulation or evenly distributed ).
3. Go to ASHRAE and select CLTDwall for time of interest ( typically on an hourly
basis).
4. Corrections:

CALCULATE AREA FROM PLANS.

5. qwallU
ACLTDwallc

Glass or Windows

2 components Conductive: qwincon=UACLTDWINC

Solar: qwinsol=A(SC)(SCL)

Conductive:

Step

1. Determine U value
 2. Select CLTDwinfrom ASHRAE table 34 or text table 7-38 for time of interest (typically
on an hourly basis)
3. Corrections
CLTDwinc=[CLTDwin+ (25.5-Tr)+(Tm 29.4)
Determine Area from arch plans
4. Qwincon=UACLTDwinc

Solar:

Step

1. Determine shading coefficient (Sc) from ASHRAE .

2. Determine zone type from ASHRAE.
3. Determine solar cooling load (Scl) from ASHRAE.
4. Determine area from architechtural plans
5. Qwinsol=A(Sc)(Scl)

Lights

Qlights=(TLW)(UF)(SAF)(CLF)

TLW=Total Light Wattage

UF=Use Factor-Fraction of lights in use

SAF=Special Allowance (ballast) factor Allowance Factor to Account for Ballast

Losses(Fluorescent -1.2)

CLF=Cooling Load Factor

Step

1. Determine total wattage (Electrical Plans)\

2. Determine use factor (Building Usage)
3. Determine special allowance factor(Incandescent -1.0 , Fluorescent =1.2)
4. Use ASHRAE tables for classifications of lights
5. Use ASHRAE table for hours of operation of lights to determine CLF.
6. Qlights=(TLW)(UF)(SAF)(CLF)

People
 Qplat=(NO)(LHG)

Qplat=(NO)(SHG)(CLF)

Latent load:

Step

1. Estimate number of people,(NO) (BUILDING USAGE)

2. Use ASHRAE table to determine the latent heat gain per person (LHG)

Sensible load:

Step

1. Estimate number of people (NO)(BUILDING USAGE)

2. Use ASHRAE table to determine sensible heat gain per person(SENSHG)
3. Use ASHRAE table to Determine zone type
4. Use ASHRAE table for cooling load factor (CLF) for the given zone type

Appliances
qs= Q (CLF) Cs
ql= Q (CLF) Cl
qt= qs + ql

Step
1. Determine the power for the appliances.
2. Determine the CLF from the TABLE.
3. Determine sensible coefficient from the TABLE.
4. Determine the latent coefficient from the TABLE.

Ventilation / infiltration

Sensible
qS=1.2q(to-ti)
Latent
ql=3.0q(
 Total
Qtotal= qs + ql
Where:
Qt =total flow rate
qs= sensible flow rate
ql= latent flow rate
O= outside condition
I= inside condition
H= moist air enthalpy
W= humidity ratio
Step
1. Determine the flow rate in the door, windows and ceiling.
2. Use TABLE A-2 (Moist Air ) in getting the Humidity Ratio (outside and inside)
3. Use Table A-2 (Moist air ) in getting the Enthalpy ( outside and inside)

FLOOR PLAN
 South

East West

North

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

A. EXTERNAL
 Walls

Hr. # N S E W
12 11 19 33 13
13 12 28 33 14
14 14 31 33 17
15 16 34 32 22

Correct CLTD:CLTD + (25.5- Ti)+(To-29.4)

Ti= 18
To=42.2

Hr. # N S E W
12 31.3 39.3 53.3 33.3
13 32.3 48.3 53.3 34.3
14 34.3 51.3 53.3 37.3
15 36.3 54.3 52.3 42.3

Peak @ 15

Wall Area( Material Wall CLTD Reference Correct U- Heat

Facin no. table CLTD Factor Gain(W)
m2 )
g at

West 26.04 Concrete, 7 16 Table 36.6 0.18 171.55

sand and 8.3A
gravel
aggregate ,
200mm

South 14.88 Concrete, 7 34 Table 54.3 0.18 145.44

sand and 8.3A
gravel
aggregate ,
200mm

East 26.04 Concrete, 7 32 Table 52.3 0.18 245.14

sand and 8.3A
 gravel
aggregate ,
200mm

North 27.59 Concrete, 7 22 Table 42.3 0.18 210.07

sand and 8.3A
gravel
aggregate ,
200mm

The Total Heat Gain for the External Walls = 772.2 Watts

Door

WEST Materials Area U-Factor Correct Heat

DOOR CLTD Gain(W)
Single Glass .3mx.9m 5.9 36.6 58.30
Wood, Solid 2mx.9m 1.82 119.90
core
EAST DOOR
Single Glass .3mx.9m 5.9 52.3 83.31
Wood, Solid 2mx.9m 1.82 171.33
core
The Total Heat Gain for the Door = 432.84 Watts

Windows

Window Area Materials SC U- SHGF Reference Solar

Facing Facto Heat Gain
@ r
West Window 1 Insulatin 0.83 0.64 294 SHGF for Window
= 1.56 g selected 1=50.01
Btu
Window 2 Glass(1/2 2 latitudes of the Window
f t day
= 2.32 air space North 2=47.59
clear out = Hemisphere
and clear 38.62 (Handbook of
in) Fundamentals
 W /m2 ASHRAE)
Table 3.20
Shading
coefficient for
Single and
Insulating
Glass with
Draperies
South Widow Insulatin 0.83 0.64 1210 SHGF for @Kitchen
(Kitchen) g selected = 17.73
Btu
= Glass(1/2 2 latitudes of the @ C.R =
f t day
0.21 air space North 18.58
Window clear out = Hemisphere
(C.R)= and clear 158.96 (Handbook of
0.22 in) W /m2 Fundamentals
ASHRAE)
Table 3.20
Shading
coefficient for
Single and
Insulating
Glass with
Draperies
East Window 1 Insulatin 0.83 0.64 1098 SHGF for Window
Window 2 g selected 1=
Btu
Glass(1/2 2 latitudes of the 199.54
f t day
air space North Window
clear out = Hemisphere 2=
and clear 144.25 (Handbook of 177.77
in) W /m2 Fundamentals
ASHRAE)
Table 3.20
Shading
coefficient for
 Single and
Insulating
Glass with
Draperies
North None None Non None 1098 None None
e
Btu
2
f t day

=
144.25

W /m2
The Total Heat Gain for the Windows= 551.22 Watts

B. INTERNAL

Lights Lamp Fu(No. of Fb CLF No. of fixtures: No. of Heat Reference

Wattage(W) lights lights Gain
used/ No.
of lights)
Fluorescent 40 1 1.2 0.97 4Fixtures: 2 Lamps 372.4 Table 4.1
1.3 0.97 5Fixtures:1 Lamp
8
252.2
Incandescent 50 1 1.0 0.01 2Fixtures: 1 Lamp 1
Lightning

The Total Heat Gain for the lights = 625.68 Watts

Appliances
Appliances Television Laptop Computer Printer Water Charger: Mobile Ceili
Dispenser Personal fan
Charger
No. of 1 9 2 2 1 9 3
Appliances
Wattage(W) 150 60 75 35 350 1 40
 CLF 1 1 1 1 0.85 1 0.85
(CLF= If it
does not run
for 24hrs a
day)
Table 4.11
Coefficient:
Sensible 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33
Latent 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17
(For
Unhooded
Appliances,
Table 4.7)
Sensible 49.5 19.8 24.75 11.55 98.18 .33 11.2
Cooling
Load(W)
Latent Cooling 25.5 10.2 12.75 5.95 59.5 .17 6.8
Load(W)
Total Heat 75 270 75 35 156.68 0.5 54.0
Gain
The Total Heat Gain for the Appliances = 670.24 Watts

C.Infiltration/Ventilation

Average daily wind speed is computed every month, the data base that will be used is the
average wind speed for March which is 4 mph.

2
Total Area of Ventilation (Kitchen, C.R, Doors and Windows) = 0.3 m
 2
Area 0.3 m
Enthalpy Inside:50.998 kJ/kg
Outside:186.092 kJ/kg
Wind Speed 4 mph
3
Air Velocity 1.2 m /h
Inside Temperature 18 C
Outside Temperature 42.2 C
Humidity Ratio Inside: 55.74 g/kg
Outside:12.99 g/kg
Sensible Load 9.58 W
Latent Load 42.32 W
Total Load 51.9 W
Reference Steam Table A-2

The Total Heat Gain for the Infiltration/Ventilation= 51.9 Watts

TOTAL LOADS
A. EXTERNAL
q= 1756.26 watts

B. INTERNAL
q=1295.92 watts

C. INFILTRATION/VENTILATION
q=51.9 Watts

CONCLUSION

From the research that weve made, we can conclude that in determining the different
factors that affecting the cooling load capacity of the building, we can be able to have idea on
how to maintain the temperature of the room and have an energy efficient building. That
having a good outdoor and indoor design conditions can make the people inside the building
feel comfortable. Indeed, air conditioning is a big help for us especially during hot weather to
have comfort and coolness in the building we are staying.

APPENDICES

TABLES
DOCUMENTATIONS

Main Door

Waiting Area (Lobby)

Faculty Desks
Kitchen
Secretaries Office

Deans Office
Comfort Room
Windows (outside)
REFERENCES

Cooling and Heating Load Calculation Manual by Faye C. McQuiston and

Jeffrey D. Spitler ASHRAE American Society of Heating, Refrigeration & Air-
Conditioning Engineers
Handbook for Fundamentals of ASHRAE 1997
Handbook for Fundamentals of ASHRAE 2001
Handbook for Fundamentals of ASHRAE 2009
Handbook for Fundamentals of ASHRAE 2011