1.

0 OBJECTIVE

To plot shear force influence line

To verify the use if shear force influence on simply supported beam

2.0 APPARATUS

Sketch the apparatus used in this experiment and named the essential component

2.1 Beam

2.2 Weights (loading)

2.3 Digital force display

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3.0 RESULT AND ANALYSIS

Part 1

Table 3.1: Experimental and Theoretical Influence Line Value

Location of
Digital Force Experimental Theory
load From Left Shear Force At
Display Influence Line Influence Line
Hand Cut Section (N)
Reading (N) Value Value
Support(m)
0.04 0.1 0.1 0.1019 -0.0909
0.06 0.1 0.1 0.1019 -0.1364
0.08 0.1 0.1 0.1019 -0.1818
0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2039 -0.2273
0.12 0.2 0.2 0.2039 -0.2727
0.14 0.3 0.3 0.3058 -0.3182
0.16 0.3 0.3 0.3058 -0.3636
0.18 0.3 0.3 0.3058 -0.4091
0.2 0.4 0.4 0.4077 -0.4545
0.22 0.4 0.4 0.4077 -0.5000
0.24 0.6 0.6 0.6116 -0.5455
0.26 0.6 0.6 0.6116 -0.5909
0.34 -0.4 -0.4 -0.4077 0.2273
0.36 -0.6 -0.6 -0.6116 0.1818
0.38 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5097 0.1364
0.4 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5097 0.0909

Example calculation of part 1:

Shear force (N )
1) Experimental Influence line value = Load(N )

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 0.1
Experimental Influence line value = (100 9.81)/1000

= 0.1019

2) Theoretical influence line value; 0.04m x 0.26m

Location of load from left hand support = 0.04m

Length, L = 0.44m

x
Theoretical influence line value; Sy = L

0.04
Example Theoretical influence line value Sy = 0.44

= -0.0909

3) Theoretical influence line value; 0.34m x 0.40m

Location of load from left hand support = 0.04m

Length, L = 0.44m

x
Theoretical influence line value; Sy = 1 L

0.34
Example Theoretical influence line value Sy = 1 0.44

= 0.2773

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Part 2

Table 3.2: Shear Force Digital Reading and Theoretical Shear Value

Position of hanger from left hand Shear Force

Theoretical
Location support(m) Digital
Shear Nm
100g 200g 300g Reading N
1 0.08 0.04 0.12 0.7 1.1597
2 0.06 0.10 0.14 1.3 1.5165
3 0.08 0.12 0.16 1.3 1.7841
4 0.14 0.18 0.22 2.2 2.5870
5 0.16 0.20 0.24 2.2 2.8546

a/L = 300/440 = 0.682

b/L = 140/440 = 0.318

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 Y2 Y1 Y3
200g 100g 300g

40mm

80mm

120mm

300mm 140mm

Location 1

1) Calculation:

y 1 /80 = 0.682/300

= 0.1819

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 y 2 /40 = 0.682/300

= 0.0909
y 3 /120 = 0.682/300

= 0.2728

Theoretical = F 1 Y 1+ F 2 Y 2+ F 3 Y 3

= ((0.10.1819) + (0.20.0909) + (0.30.2728)) 9.81

= 1.1597 Nm

Y1 Y2 Y3
100g 200g 300g

60mm

100mm

140mm

300mm 140mm

Location 2

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2) Calculation:

y 1 /60 = 0.682/300

= 0.1364
y 2 /100 = 0.682/300

= 0.2273
y 3 /140 = 0.682/300

= 0.3183

Theoretical = F 1 Y 1+ F 2 Y 2+ F 3 Y 3

= ((0.10.1364) + (0.20.2273) + (0.30.3183)) 9.81

= 1.5165Nm

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 Y1 Y2 Y3
100g 200g 300g

80mm

120mm

160mm

300mm 140mm

Location 3

3) Calculation:

y 1 /80 = 0.682/300

= 0.0182
y 2 /120 = 0.682/300

= 0.0546
y 3 /160 = 0.682/300

= 0.0818

Theoretical = F 1 Y 1+ F 2 Y 2+ F 3 Y 3

= ((0.10.0182) + (0.20.0546) + (0.3.0818)) 9.81

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 = 1.7841 Nm

Location 4

Y1 Y2 Y3
100g 200g 300g

140mm

180mm
220mm

300mm 140mm

4) Calculation:

y 1 /80 = 0.682/300

= 0.0318

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 y 2 /120 = 0.682/300

= 0.0818
y 3 /160 = 0.682/300

= 0.1500

Theoretical = F 1 Y 1+ F 2 Y 2+ F 3 Y 3

= ((0.10.0318) + (0.20.0818) + (0.3.0.1500)) 9.81

= 2.5870 Nm

Y1 Y2 Y3
100g 200g 300g

160

200
240

300mm 140mm

Location 5

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5) Calculation:

y 1 /160 = 0.682/300

= 0.0364
y 2 /200 = 0.682/300

= 0.0909
y 3 /240 = 0.682/300

= 0.1637

Theoretical = F 1 Y 1+ F 2 Y 2+ F 3 Y 3

= ((0.10.0364) + (0.20.0909) + (0.30.1637)) 9.81

= 2.8546 Nm

4.0 DISCUSSION

a. Derive equation 1 and 2

Equation 1:
Moment at cut section
M cut = 0

(Lx )
1S y =0
L

( Lx)
S y= 1
L

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 (Lx) 1 L
S y=
L L

L XL
S y=
L

X
S y=
L

Equation 2:
M cut = 0

( Lx )
S y =0
L

( Lx)
S y=
L

L x
S y=
L L

x
S y =1
L

X
S y =1
L
b. On the same graph paper, plot the theoretical and experimental values against
distance from left hand support

c. Comment on the shape of the graph. What does it tell about how shear force
varies at the cut section as a load moved on the beam?

Based on the result, the value of shear force at cut section (N) increase when load
place near the cuts. From graph the experimental value increase when the distance of
load increase form left hand support at left side of the cut.

d. Comment on the experimental result and compare to the theoretical result

Based on the result, the value between experimental and theoretical result are totally
different. For experimental influence line value have great different due to positive

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 and negative force which obtain from the result after conducting the experiment and
the value also has slightly different. When conducting the experiment all procedure
were carefully followed and taken step by step, the differences in value might be the
error from the machine itself which is not in good condition

e. Comment on the experimental result and theoretical result in table 2

In part 2, we used the load 100g, 200g and 300g. From result the value from
theoretical shear force is bigger than experimental value in location 1,2,3,4 and 5. The
value is depend on the location but the value for both results is only have slight
differences.

5.0 CONCLUSION

Part 1:

From this experiment, the shear force line value increase from left hand support towards the
cuts and have maximum shear value at the cut section. Based on the result we have learned
various aspects of constructing influence lines for the cases when the moving concentrated
loads are two or more than two which different load place at different location. Also, we
developed simple concept of finding out absolute maximum shear and moment values in
cases of simply supported beam. We discussed about the need to fine maximum influence line
values for construction especially for design purpose.

Part 2:

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When loads place on the beam the at different location the shear value is different to each
other and as the theoretical result from table 3.2 the theoretical value is increasing from
location 1 to 5 which move toward the cut section. Furthermore the influence line value can
be used to calculate the shear force act at the cut section.

6.0 REFERENCES

1) Nuru Ahmed (2008) "Lesson 39, Influence line for beams. Version 2 CE IIT, Indian
Institute of Technology Kharagpur, west Bengal, India

2) Dr. Jaroon Rungamornra (2004) 2101-301 Structural Analysis I Influence Line,

Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University
Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, Thailand

3) FOUAD S. FANOUS (2000) Introductory problems in structural analysis

Department of Civil, Construction and environmental Engineering, Iowa state
University, Iowa, U.S.A

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