Direct observation of charge density

wave order in underdoped YBCO in

high magnetic fields
Elizabeth Blackburn
Acknowledgements
Alex Holmes
Ted Forgan Johan Chang Joel Mesot
Niels Bech Christensen
Stephen Hayden Jacob Larsen

Martin von Zimmermann

Anke Watenphul
Ruixing Liang
Walter Hardy
Doug Bonn
 Motivation
Observation of a charge density wave
Using high energy x-ray diffraction
Chang et al., arXiv:1206.4333 (2012)
Magnetic field dependence
Using soft x-ray resonant scattering
Ghiringhelli et al., Science (2012)
DOI: 10.1126/science.1223532
Achkar et al., arXiv:1207.3667 (2012)
Quantum oscillations ortho-II YBCO

proof of a Fermi surface, points to a small Fermi pocket

brought about by reconstruction
Doiron-Leyraud et al., Nature 447, 565 (2007).
 63Cu NMR
ortho-II ortho-VIII

Wu et al., Nature 477, 7363 (2011).

Three-axis diffractometer - 100 keV X-rays
ortho-VIII sample
3.1 x 1.7 x 0.6 mm
mass 18 mg
99% detwinned
TC = 67 K
width 10%-90% = 1.1 K

BW5 HASYLAB, DESY

An incommensurate diffraction peak

q1 = (0.3045(2), 0, 0.5)
What happens as we change temperature?

TC (= 67 K)
What happens as we change temperature?

TC (= 67 K)
What happens as we change temperature?
 Field dependence
not saturated

0 5 10 15
Temperature and field dependence

Intensity (counts/second)
Intensity

Width (qh)
Crossover temperature as f(B)

TVL and TVS from

LeBoeuf et al., PRB 83, 054506 (2011).
Comparison with RSXS data

Ghiringhelli et al., Science (2012)

Summary so far

The competition between the SC and the CDW

must suppress TC
An incommensurate diffraction peak
 An incommensurate diffraction peak

Correlation lengths:
a = 955
c 0.6 c
(Gaussian sigmas)
Lattice parameters:
a = 3.81 , b = 3.87 , c = 11.72
What about the other in-plane direction?

q1 = (0.3045, 0, 0.5)
q2 = (0, 0.3146, 0.5)
 CuO2 plane displacements

Our experiment cannot definitively

oxygen, copper distinguish 1-q and 2-q
YBCO structure from: www.ncl.ox.ac.uk/icl/heyes/structure_of_solids/lecture4/lec4.html
Sampling different Brillouin zones
Modelling the CDW

estimated
u/a ~ 7 x 10-4

Prefer bilayer
centred model
Energy dependence in ortho-III YBCO

Achkar et al., arXiv:1207.3667 (2012)

Modelling the CDW
Summary

Intensity (counts/second)