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PTB-4-2013

4.12 NonCircular Vessels

4.12.1 Example E4.12.1 - Unreinforced Vessel of Rectangular Cross Section

Using the data shown below, design a rectangular vessel per Appendix 13, Fig. 13-2(a) Sketch (1)).

Vessel Data:

Material = SA 516, Grade 70


Design Conditions = 400 psig @500F
Inside Length (Short Side) = 7.125 in
Inside Length (Long Side) = 9.25 in
Overall Vessel Length = 40.0 in
Thickness (Short Side) = 1.0 in
Thickness (Long Side) = 1.0 in
Thickness (End Plate) = 0.75 in
Corrosion Allowance = 0.125 in
Allowable Stress = 20000 psi
Weld Joint Efficiency (Corner Joint) = 1.0
Tube Outside Diameter = 1.0000 in
Tube Pitch = 2.3910 in
Adjust variables for corrosion.

h 9.25 2 Corrosion Allowance 9.25 2 0.125 9.50 in


H 7.125 2(Corrosion Allowance) 7.125 2 0.125 7.375 in
t1 1.0 Corrosion Allowance 1.0 0.125 0.875 in
t2 1.0 Corrosion Allowance 1.0 0.125 0.875 in
t5 0.75 Corrosion Allowance 0.75 0.125 0.625 in
Design rules for vessels of noncircular cross section are provided in Mandatory Appendix 13.
The rules in this paragraph produce the same results as those provided in VIII-2, paragraph
4.12. However, the nomenclature and formatting of the equations in VIII-2 are significantly
different. Therefore, the example problem will be shown twice, the first time using VIII-1
nomenclature and equations and secondly using the VIII-2 design procedure, nomenclature,
and equations.

Section VIII, Division 1 Solution

Evaluate per Mandatory Appendix 13.Paragraph 13-4(h) The design equations in this paragraph
are based on vessels in which the ratio of the length of the vessel to the long side or short side
lengths (aspect ratio) is greater than four. These equations are conservatively applicable to vessels
of aspect ratio less than four. Vessels with aspect ratios less than four may be designed in
accordance with the provisions of U-2(g).

Lv 40.0
Aspect Ratio 4.21 Satisfied
h 9.5
Paragraph 13-4(g) The ligament efficiencies em and eb shall only be applied to the calculated

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Copyright c 2013 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME.
PTB-4-2013

stresses for the plates containing the ligaments. When em and eb are less than the joint efficiency
E , the membrane and bending stresses calculated on the gross area of the section shall be divided
by em and eb , respectively, to obtain the stresses based on the net area for the section. The
allowable design stresses for membrane and membrane plus bending shall be calculated as
described in paragraph 13-4(b) using E 1.0 . When em and eb are greater than the joint efficiency
E , the membrane and bending stresses shall be calculated as if there were no ligaments in the plate.
The allowable design stresses for membrane and membrane plus bending shall be calculated as
described in paragraph 13-4(b) using the appropriate E factor required by paragraph UW-12.

Paragraph 13-6 It is assumed that the holes drilled in the long side plates (tube sheet and plug
sheet) are of uniform diameter. Therefore, em and eb shall be the same value and calculated in
accordance with paragraph UG-53.

p d 2.3910 1.0
em eb 0.5818
p 2.3910
Paragraph 13-5 Calculate the equation constants.

b 1.0 unit width

t1 t2 0.875 The sign of ci is positive



ci co 0.4375 in Note :
2 2 2 The sign of co is negative

3 3
bt 1.0(0.875)
I1 1 0.0558 in4
12 12
bt23 1.0(0.875)3
I2 0.0558 in4
12 12
H 7.375
0.7763
h 9.5
I2 0.0558
K 0.7763 0.7763
I1 0.0558
Paragraph 13-7(a) Calculate the membrane and membrane plus bending stresses.

The membrane stress on the short side plate, Equation (1):

Ph 400 9.5
Sm 2171.4 psi
2 t1 2 0.875

The bending stress at Location N, short side plate, Equation (3):

237
Copyright c 2013 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME.
PTB-4-2013

Pc 2 2 1 K
2

SbN 1.5 H h
12 I1 1 K
400 0.4375 2 1 0.7763 0.7763

2

1.5 7.375 9.5


2
SbN
12 0.0558
1 0.7763


1831.7 psi Inside Surface
SbN
1831.7 psi Outside Surface

The bending stress at Location Q, short side plate, Equation (4):

Ph 2 c 1 2 K
SbQ
12 I1 1 K
400 9.5 0.4375 1 0.7763 0.7763
2 2

SbQ
12 0.0558 1 0.7763
19490.8 psi Inside Surface
SbQ
19490.8 psi Outside Surface
The membrane stress on the long side plate, Equation (2):

PH 400 7.375
Sm 2897.4 psi
2t2em 2 0.875 0.5818

The bending stress at Location M, long side plate, Equation (5):

Ph 2c 1 2 K
SbM 1.5
12 I 2 eb
1 K
400 9.5 0.4375 1 0.77632 0.7763
2

SbM 1.5
12 0.0558 0.5818
1 0.7763


27310.9 psi Inside Surface
SbM
27310.9 psi Ouside Surface
The bending stress at Location Q, long side plate, Equation (6):

Ph 2 c 1 2 K
SbQ
12 I 2 1 K
400 9.5 0.4375 1 0.7763 0.7763
2 2

SbQ
12 0.0558 1 0.7763
19490.8 psi Inside Surface
SbQ
19490.8 psi Outside Surface

238
Copyright c 2013 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME.
PTB-4-2013

Paragraphs 13-4(b), 13-4(c), and 13-7, Equations (7) through (10) Acceptance Criteria:

Short side plate, Membrane Stress:

Sm 2171.4 psi SE 20000 1.0 20000 psi True

Short side plate at Location N, Membrane + Bending Stress:

Sm SbN 2171.4 1831.7 339.7 psi




Sm SbN 2171.4 1831.7 4003.1 psi

Sm SbN 339.7 psi
1.5SE 1.5 20000 1.0 30000 psi True
Sm SbN 4003.1 psi
Short side plate at Location Q, Membrane + Bending Stress:

Sm SbQ
2171.4 19490.8 21662.2 psi


Sm SbQ
2171.4 19490.8 17319.4 psi
Sm SbQ
21662.2 psi
1.5SE 1.5 20000 1.0 30000 psi True
Sm SbQ
17319.4 psi
Long side plate, Membrane Stress:

Sm 2897.4 psi S 20000 psi True

Long side plate at Location M, Membrane + Bending Stress:

Sm SbM 2897.4 27310.9 24413.5 psi




Sm SbM 2897.4 27310.9 30208.3 psi


Sm SbM 24413.5 psi
1.5SE 1.5 20000 1.0 30000 psiTrue, False
Sm SbM 30208.3 psi
Long side plate at Location Q, Membrane + Bending Stress:

Sm SbQ
2897.4 19490.8 22388.2 psi


Sm SbQ
2897.4 19490.8 16593.4 psi
Sm SbQ
22388.2 psi
1.5SE 1.5 20000 1.0 30000 psi True
Sm SbQ
16593.4 psi

The acceptance criteria for membrane and membrane plus bending stresses are satisfied at all
locations with the exception of the membrane plus bending stress at Location M on the long side
plate, Sm SbM . However, the overstress is less than 1%.

239
Copyright c 2013 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME.

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