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The density of the highway network of India is somewhat more as compared to the United States (0.65) and
substantially higher as compared to Brazil (0.20) and China (0.16).
According to the data furnished in 2002, just 47.3% of the Indian roadways network comprised paved roads.
Previously, India did not allot funds for constructing or upkeep of its roadways network. However, the scenario
has evolved over the past 15 years. The Government of India in collaboration with a number of private players is
taking groundbreaking endeavors for overhauling the road transportation system of the nation.
By 2013, India is mulling over to outlay about US$70 Billion to upgrade its main road network.
Till date, some of the important plans that have been put into operation include names like the Yamuna
Expressway, National Highways Development Project, and the Mumbai-Pune Expressway.
Till the month of October 2011, India had finished the construction and implemented more than 14,000 km of
newly constructed 4-lane highways. These highways are utilized to join a large number of business hubs,
production hubs, and cultural hubs.
As substantiated by the facts and figures furnished by Goldman Sachs, the country would have to make an
outlay of US$ 1.7 trillion on infrastructure ventures throughout the coming 10 years to enhance economic
development. With an attempt to attain this, the Indian Government is making an honest try to attract investment
from other countries in road infrastructure ventures by providing economic bonuses like toll rights to contractors
and developers.
As a whole, roads in the country are mostly tarmac roads with bitumen as one of the major construction
ingredients. Nevertheless, some of the National Highways feature concrete roads as well. In the cities like
Kanpur, concrete roads constructed by the British government are still operational. Earlier than 1990s, concrete
roads did not gain so much popularity due to insufficient availability of cement at that time. Nonetheless, with
increased availability of cement in India and the excellent features of concrete roads, they are once more
garnering popularity. This type of roads has higher durability and needs less upkeep than the bitumen-based
thoroughfares.
In 2009, in India, access-regulated expressways comprised around 120 miles or 200 km of the National Highway
System of the country. By 2011, these added to more than 600 km. These roads allow high speeding vehicles
and can be categorized into four-lane and six-lane expressways. It has been anticipated that by 2014 around
3,530 km of expressways will be put into operation from the projects that are currently going on. The Indian
government has outlined a motivated goal to construct a new 18,637 km expressway transportation system by
2022.
The expressways in India are access regulated and come with a separator in the middle and feature four or six
traffic lanes together with a raised border on both sides. These expressways normally don't permit three-
wheelers, two-wheelers, or tractor vehicles to travel on them. A speed limit of 75 mph or 120 km/h has to be kept
on these thoroughfares because of different joining traffic lanes and the absence of speed breakers just to
guarantee uninterrupted journey. Majority of the present expressways in the country are toll roads.
Expressway Name
Name State
Durgapur Expressway
Expressway Name
Name State
Till the month of September 2011, the country had finished and put into operation newly constructed highways
given below:
The abovementioned highways spanning 14,277 km join majority of the important production hubs, business
hubs and cultural centers of the country.
By the month of February 2008, out of the overall span of 7000 km of finished highways, 14% featured four or
higher number of lanes and approximately 59% featured double lanes or two lanes. At the same time, the
remaining 27% of the National Highway transportation system featured one lane or a middle lane. Furthermore,
by 2008, the country had offered various contracts in the form of a build-operate-transfer pattern and public-
private partnership to grow the countrywide road transportation network.
NHAI or The National Highways Authority of India is the principal authority which has the responsibility for the
expansion, upkeep and handling of National Highways assigned to it. Till 2008, the National Highways Authority
of India commenced the expansion operations under the National Highways Development Project (NHDP) in
stages. Other than the completion of NHDP, the agency also has the responsibility for executing other plans on
National Highways, mostly road connectivity to important harbors in India.
The national highway network in India is supervised by the Ministry of State for Surface Transport. The public
works departments of various states look after the state roads and state highways. The state and union
governments have common responsibilities for constructing thoroughfares and sustaining the roadways in the
country.
The state highways are used to join with the National Highways, major towns, district headquarters, tourism hubs
and small harbors and facilitate the movement of vehicles in important places of the state. These roads are
essentially arterial roads and they facilitate accessibility to major metropolitan areas and townships in the state in
association with the State Highways of the bordering states and National Highways. The overall span of the state
highways is around 137,712 km.
Other than the state highways, expressways, and national highways, there are some district roads and rural
roads that form a significant part of the transportation network of the country.
EXPRESS WAYS
A well developed network of roadways is a key factor in measuring growth of a country. The fact that India ranks
third in the list of countries by road networks next only to United States and China, underlines the improving
position of India globally. The rural roads, district roads, state highways, national highways and expressways
together comprise the road network in a country. To be a truly developed country and to maintain that growth, it is
very essential that the length of expressways, which are the best form of roads in a country, augment
continuously.
Currently, expressways in India measure 600 kms approximately and work is on to add more to the number. If all
goes according to the plans, around 18,637 kms more expressways will be added to the Indian Road Network by
the year 2022. To ensure the same, the National Highway Authority of India (NHIA) has given contracts to leading
infrastructural groups who in turn are working on these projects to the best of their abilities and helping the
government to comply with the target's they have set. A separate department to take care of the project on
Expressways in India is planned to be established. The proposed body is planned to be named National
Expressways Authority of India (NEAI).
NATIONAL HIGHWAYS
India has one of the largest road networks of the world. The country's road network consists of Expressways,
National Highways, State Highways, Major District Roads, Other District Roads, and Village Roads. The National
Highways and State Highways together account for 195000-kilometer length. The National Highway comprises
only 1.94% of the total length of roads but carries about 40% of the total traffic across the length and breadth of
the country.
In the Tenth Plan - 2002-2007, a large chunk is allotted for the development of the transport system namely -
National Highways, State Highways and major District Roads, and Rural Roads. Under this five-year plan the
completion of the National Highways Development Program (NHDP) Phase-I and Phase-II as well as elimination
of deficiencies in the existing National Highway Network is envisaged.
North Zone
NH 1 - Delhi-Jalandhar-Amritsar-Wagah Border
NH 1A - Jalandhar-Jammu-Srinagar-Uri
NH 2 - Delhi-Agra-Allahabad-Kolkata
NH 3 - Agra-Indore-Dhule-Mumbai
NH 7 - Varanasi-Nagpur-Bangalore- Kannyakumari
NH 8 - Delhi-Jaipur-Ahmadabad-Mumbai
NH 10 - Pacca-Chisti-Fazilika-Abohar-Delhi
NH 11 - Agra-Jaipur-Bikaner
NH 20 - Pathankot-Gaggal-Palampur- Mandi
NH 21 - Chandigarh- Bilaspur-Mandi-Kullu-Manali
NH 22 - Ambala-Kalka-Solan-Rampur-Jangi-Khab
NH 24 - Delhi-Bareilly-Lucknow
NH 56 - Lucknow-Jaunpur-Phulpur - Varanasi
NH 74 - Bareilly -Sitarganj-Nagina-Haridwar
NH 76 - Pindwara-Jhansi-Attara - Allahabad
NH 87 - Nanital-Ranibagh-Haldwani- Rampur
West Zone-Driving Directions Maps
NH 4 - Thane-Pune-Bangalore-Chennai
NH 6 - Dhule-Nagpur-Kolkata
NH 9 - Pune-Solapur-Hyderabad-Vijaywada
NH 12 - Jaipur-Bhopal-Jabalpur
NH 14 - Radhanpur- Sirohi-Beawar
South Zone
NH 13 - Solapur-Bijapur-Chitradurga
NH 47 - Salem-Kollam- Thiruvananthapuram-Kannyakumari
NH 63 - Ankola-Hubli-Bellari- Gooty
NH 66 - Krishnagiri -Nattur-Kiliyanur-Pondicherry
NH 68 - Salem- Attur-Elavanasur-Ulundurpettal
NH 202 - Hyderabad - Ghanpur- Nagaram - Bholpalpatnam
NH 37 - Goalpara-Dispur-Chabua-Saikhoa Ghat
NH 39 - Numaligarh-Golaghat-Dimapur-Kohima-Mayanmar Border
NH 40 - Jorabat-Umling-Shillong-Jowai
NH 53 - Imphal-Silchar-Bhanga
East Zone
NH 5 - Jharpokaria-Baleshwar-Cuttack-Vijaywada-Chennai
NH 23 - Chas-Ramgarh-Ranchi-Samal-Nuhata
NH 31 - Barhi-Chandi-Purnia-Nalbari- Guwahati
NH 42 - Sambalpur - Angul-Cuttack
NH 57 - Muzzaffarpur - Madhepur-Purnia
NH 77 - Sonbarsa -Dumra-Muzzafarpur-Hazipur
Central Zone
NH 16 - Nizamabad-Mancheral-Jagdalpur
NH 25 - Lucknow-Jhansi-Shivpuri
NH 26 - Jhansi-Sagar-Lakhnadon
NH 43 - Raipur-Keskal-Sunabeda-Chittivalasa
NH 59 - Ahmadabad-Rajgarh-Dhar-Indore
NH 69 - Obaidukkagan-Multai-Chicholi-Nagpur
NH 75 - Gwalior-Jhansi-Panna-Satna-Rewa
NH 78 - Katni-Pali-Nagpur-Karabel-Gumla
NH 200 - Raipur-Bilaspur-Naikul-Sukinda