02 Basic 3D MagnetostaticTutorial

CAD package for electromagnetic and thermal analysis using finite elements
Flux
by CEDRAT
Magnetostatic application tutorial

3D basic example
FLUX is a registered trademark.
FLUX software : COPYRIGHT CEDRAT/INPG/CNRS/EDF

FLUX tutorial : COPYRIGHT CEDRAT
This tutorial was edited on 6 dcembre 2012
Ref.: KF 3 05 - A - 111 - EN - 12/12
CEDRAT
15 Chemin de Malacher - Inovalle
38246 Meylan Cedex
FRANCE
Phone: +33 (0)4 76 90 50 45
Fax: +33 (0)4 56 38 08 30
E-mail: cedrat@cedrat.com
Web: http://www.cedrat.com
Foreword
*(Please read before starting this document)
Description of The goal of this basic example is to familiarize the user with the Flux
the example Magneto Static 3D application using a simple device.
This example contains the general steps and all the data needed to describe
the geometry, mesh, physics and the solving computation for the given cases.
Required This basic example is designed for the user who is already familiar with the
knowledge basic functions of Flux software.
To obtain this knowledge, first, the user should go through the First steps in
using Flux: Geometry and Mesh Tutorial - Basic example. This document
explains, in detail, all the actions necessary to build the geometry and mesh of
a project in the Flux study domain.
Support files To view the completed stages of the example project, the user will find the
included... .py files, including the geometry, mesh, physics and post processing
descriptions. The .py files corresponding to the different study cases in this
example are available in the folder: \DocExamples\ Examples3D\
Basic_MagnetostaticApplication
Supplied files are command files written in Pyflux language. The user can
launch them in order to automatically recover the Flux projects for each case.
**(.py files are launched by accessing Project/Command file from the Flux
drop down menu.)
Supplied files Contents Flux file obtained after

launching the .py file
buildGeomesh.py Geometry and mesh \geomeshbuilt
buildPhys.py physics \physbuilt
CASE1
solving.py Solving process \solved
postprocessing.py Post processing \postprocessed
TESTCASE_INI.FLU Initial Flux project
buildphys.py Physics \physbuilt
CASE2
TESTCASE_INI.FLU Initial Flux project
buildPhys.py physics \physbuilt
CASE3

Note : some directories may contain a main.py enabling the launch of the other
command files
Flux TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. General information .................................................................................................................1
1.1. Overview .......................................................................................................................................3
1.1.1. Description of the studied device....................................................................................4
1.1.2. Studied cases .................................................................................................................6
1.2. Strategy to build the Flux project ..................................................................................................7
1.2.1. Main stages for geometry description.............................................................................8
1.2.2. Main stages for mesh generation .................................................................................11
1.2.3. Main stages for physical description.............................................................................12
2. Construction of the Flux project .............................................................................................13
2.1. Geometry description process ....................................................................................................15
2.1.1. Add a symmetry to the domain.....................................................................................16
2.1.2. Create geometric tools..................................................................................................17
2.1.3. Create points and lines for the base plate of the E-shaped part ..................................19
2.1.4. Create other lines of the E-shaped part by extrusion ...................................................22
2.1.5. Create faces and volumes of the E-shaped part ..........................................................24
2.1.6. Create points and lines of the movable blade ..............................................................26
2.1.7. Create faces and volumes of half of the blade by extrusion.........................................27
2.1.8. Create faces and volumes of the blade by propagation ...............................................28
2.1.9. Add an infinite box to the domain .................................................................................29
2.2. Mesh generation process............................................................................................................31
2.2.1. Mesh the device............................................................................................................32
2.2.2. Modify the aided deviation ............................................................................................33
2.2.3. Create and assign the mesh points ..............................................................................34
2.2.4. Create and assign the mesh lines ................................................................................35
2.2.5. Generate the mesh .......................................................................................................36
2.3. Physical description process.......................................................................................................39
2.3.1. Define the physical application .....................................................................................40
2.3.2. Define physical aspects of symmetry ...........................................................................41
2.3.3. Create materials ...........................................................................................................42
2.3.4. Create volume regions..................................................................................................43
2.3.5. Assign volume regions to volumes ...............................................................................44
2.3.6. Create sources (electric components and coils) ..........................................................45
3. Case 1: static study ...............................................................................................................47
3.1. Case 1: solving process ..............................................................................................................49
3.2. Case 1: results post-processing..................................................................................................51
3.2.1. Display isovalues and arrows of the magnetic flux density on volume regions............52
3.2.2. Create surface supports ...............................................................................................54
3.2.3. Display isovalues and arrows of the magnetic flux density on surface supports .........55
3.2.4. Plot a 2D curve of the magnetic flux density along a path ...........................................57
3.2.5. Display isovalues of the relative permeability on volume regions ................................59
3.2.6. Compute the magnetic flux density on a point .............................................................60
3.2.7. Compute the magnetic torque on volume regions........................................................61
4. Case 2: physical parameterized computation ........................................................................63
4.1. Case 2: physical description .......................................................................................................65
4.1.1. Create an I/O parameter...............................................................................................66
4.1.2. Modify the physical properties ......................................................................................67
4.1.3. Create a sensor ............................................................................................................68
4.3.1. Display isovalues of the magnetic flux density on volume regions ..............................72
4.3.2. Create a volume support ..............................................................................................73
4.3.3. Display isovalues of the magnetic flux density on a 3D grid ........................................74
4.3.4. Plot a 2D curve of the magnetic flux versus an I/O parameter.....................................75
4.3.5. Plot a 2D curve of the magnetic field along a path.......................................................76
4.3.6. Create animation of isovalues of the magnetic flux density on the contactor
versus I/O parameter ....................................................................................................78
Magnetostatic application tutorial PAGE A

TABLE OF CONTENTS Flux
5. Case 3: geometric parameterized computation..................................................................... 79

5.1. Case 3: physical description .......................................................................................................81
5.1.1. Modify a physical property ............................................................................................82
5.1.2. Create a sensor ............................................................................................................83
5.3.1. Display isolines of the magnetic flux density on volume regions..................................88
5.3.2. Plot a 2D curve of the magnetic torque versus an I/O parameter ................................89
5.3.3. Compare two 2D curves of the magnetic field along the same path ............................90
5.3.4. Plot a 3D curve of magnetic field along a path versus I/O parameter ..........................92
5.3.5. Create an automatic report ...........................................................................................94
PAGE B Magnetostatic application tutorial

Flux General information
1. General information
Introduction This chapter contains the presentation of the studied device and the Flux
software.
Contents This chapter contains the following topics:
Topic See Page

Overview 3
Strategy to build the Flux project 7
Magnetostatic application tutorial PAGE 1

General information Flux
PAGE 2 Magnetostatic application tutorial

1.1. Overview
Introduction This section presents the studied device (a magnetic contactor) and the
strategy of the device description in Flux.
Contents This section contains the following topics:
Topic See Page

Description of the studied device 4
Studied cases 6

1.1.1. Description of the studied device
Study carried The study proposed in this "Magnetostatic application tutorial" is the study of
out a magnetic contactor that is used to establish or break electric circuits.
Studied device The studied device, represented in the figure below, includes the following
elements:
a fixed part composed of
a metallic armature, a
permanent magnet placed Permanent
magnet Metallic
on the top of a central blade
column and two coils
placed around two Coils
cylindrical lateral
columns
a movable part composed Metallic
of a metallic blade armature
Operating The analyzed contactor is used to establish or break electric circuits. When
principle either coil is current supplied, the blade moves to the respective coil (rotating
motion around an axis in the figure above). When the current supply is
interrupted, the blade rests immobile as a result of the existence of the
magnetic field created by the permanent magnet.
Geometry The contactor is composed of two main parts fixed and movable. Only a
half of the contactor is modeled because of the presence of the symmetry.
The dimensions (in millimeters) of the modeled fixed part E-shape and coils
are presented in the figures below.
15
20
20
60 20
9
40
60
120
20
40
10
Continued on next page

The dimensions (in millimeters) of the modeled movable part blade are
presented in the figure below.
20
130 10
15
65
10
Materials The contactor is composed of the following materials:

the permanent magnet is made of samarium-cobalt, an homogeneous and
isotropic rare earth material
the metallic E-shape and blade are made of magnetic steel with a nonlinear
B(H) characteristic
Sources The sources of the magnetic field are:

the magnetic energy, stored in the permanent magnet
the current flowing through the two coils

1.1.2. Studied cases
Studied cases Three cases are carried out in a Magneto Static 3D application:
case 1: static study
case 2: physical parameterized computation
case 3: geometric parameterized computation
Case 1 The first case is a static study.

In this study, a magneto static analysis of the contactor with the movable
blade tilted to the left is performed. The angle of the blade is set to - 3
compared with the fixed part. The coils are not current supplied.
Case 2 The second case is a physical parameterized computation.

In this parameterized study, the physical parameter is the total current
supplying one of the coils that varies in the range [ 300 A, + 300 A] with a
step of 100 A.
Case 3 The third case is a geometric parameterized computation.

In this parameterized study, a geometric parameter which allows us to
control the angle of the blade around Y-axis, varies in the range [ 3, + 3]
with a step of 1.

1.2. Strategy to build the Flux project
Introduction This section presents outlines of the geometry building process, mesh
generating process and physical properties description process of the
magnetic contactor.
Topic See Page

Main stages for geometry description 8
Main stages for mesh generation 11
Main stages for physical description 12

1.2.1. Main stages for geometry description
Outline The device is modeled using a XZ-plane symmetry.

An outline of the geometry building process of the magnetic contactor is
presented in the table below.
Stage Description
Symmetry
plane
Creation of a
symmetry to
1
model half of
the contactor
Geometric parameters:
1. BPRAD (arc radius of the base plate)
2. PHEIGHT (height of the cylindrical columns)
3. DIST (distance between the cylindrical and the
central columns)
4. PDIA (diameter of cylindrical columns)
5. ALPHA (angle of the blade)
Creation of Coordinate systems:
geometric 1. MAIN
tools to 2. CENTER (central column)
2
simplify the 3. POLE_L (left column)
geometry 4. POLE_R (right column)
construction 5. BLADE
Transformations:
1. BP_TRZ (translation for the base plate)
2. POLE_TRZ (translation for lateral columns)
3. CENT_TRZ (translation for the central column)
4. MAG_TRZ (translation for magnet)
5. BLADE_TRZ (translation for blade)
6. BLADE_SYM (affine transformation for blade)

Outline (continued)
Stage Description
Creation of points
3 and lines for the base
plate
Creation of lines by
4
extrusion
Creation of faces and

volumes by
5
extrusion for the E-
shaped part
Creation of points
6 and lines for half of
the blade

7 volumes by
extrusion

Outline (continued)
Stage Description

volumes by
8
propagation for the
whole blade
Creation of an
9
infinite box

1.2.2. Main stages for mesh generation
Outline An outline of the mesh generating process of the magnetic contactor is

Stage Description
Mesh with the default settings of
Meshing the device and
1 AIDED MESH. It is possible to
analyze of the mesh
improve the mesh quality
Modification of the
2 Increase the deviation value
AIDED MESH
Creation and assignment

3 MP_BOX
of 2 local meshpoint MP_CENTER
Creation and assignment

4 ML_BOX
of 2 local meshline ML_MAGNET
Meshing:
meshing lines
meshing faces
5
meshing volumes
generating 2nd order
mesh elements

1.2.3. Main stages for physical description
Outline An outline of the physical description process of the magnetic contactor is

Stage Description
1 Definition of the application Magneto Static 3D
Definition of physical aspects of
2 Tangent magnetic field
the symmetry
SMCO homogeneous and
isotropic material with a vector
3 Creation of 2 materials direction of the magnetization
STEEL material with a
nonlinear B(H) characteristic
AIR
BLADE
MAGNET
Creation and assignment of
4 E_SHAPE
volume regions
COIL 1
5 Creation of sources
COIL 2

Flux Construction of the Flux project
2. Construction of the Flux project
Introduction This chapter contains the geometry description, mesh generation and
physical description of the magnetic contactor.
The user must have a good understanding of all functionalities of the Flux
preprocessor.
Project name The Flux project is GEO_MESH_PHYS.FLU.
Contents This chapter contains the following topics:
Topic See Page

Geometry description process 15
Mesh generation process 31
Physical description process 39

Construction of the Flux project Flux

2.1. Geometry description process
Introduction This section presents the general steps of the geometry construction and the
data required to describe the contactor geometry.
The device is presented in the figure below.
Movable
E-shaped
blade
part
Topic See Page

Add a symmetry to the domain 16
Create geometric tools 17
Create points and lines for the base plate of the E-shaped part 19
Create other lines of the E-shaped part by extrusion 22
Create faces and volumes of the E-shaped part 24
Create points and lines of the movable blade 26
Create faces and volumes of half of the blade by extrusion 27
Create faces and volumes of the blade by propagation 28
Add an infinite box to the domain 29

2.1.1. Add a symmetry to the domain
Goal From a geometrical point of view, the magnetic contactor presents obviously
a symmetry plane parallel to the ZX-plane. In addition, as the magnetic field
is tangent on this plane, it is possible to represent half of the contactor in
order to reduce the computational domain.
Outline The symmetry plane used in this study is shown in the figure below.
Symmetry
plane
Data The characteristics of the symmetry are presented in the table below.
Symmetry versus ZX plane

Name Geometrical aspects Physical
(automatic) Type Y offset position aspects*
SymmetryZXplane_1 Versus ZX-plane 0 -
Geometry Symmetry New
*
Physical aspects of the symmetry are specified in the section relating to the physical
description.

2.1.2. Create geometric tools
Goal Three kind of geometric tools exist:

the geometric parameters
the coordinate systems
the geometric transformations
They are very useful at different stages of the problem description (physics,
solving ). In our study, these entities are used in order to:
simplify the geometric building of the contactor
modify the angle of the blade during the CASE 3 solving description
describe easily the movement of the devices part
create objects from existing objects
Data (1) The characteristics of the geometric parameters of the E-shaped part are
presented below.
PDIA
PHEIGHT ALPHA
BPRAD
DIST
Geometric parameters
Name Comment Expression
BPRAD Arc radius of the base plate 20
PHEIGHT Height of the cylindrical columns holding coils 60
Center to center distance between the lateral
DIST 40
cylindrical columns and the central column
PDIA Diameter of cylindrical columns (poles) 15
ALPHA Angle of the blade around Y-axis -3
Geometry Geometric parameter New

Data (2) The characteristics of the coordinate systems are presented below.
BLADE
XYZ 1
80
20
MAIN
DIST DIST POLE R 30
10
POLE L
CENTER
Cartesian coordinate system defined with respect to the Global coordinate system
Origin coordinates Rotation angle
Name Comment Units First Second Third About About About
(X) (Y) (Z) X-axis Y-axis Z-axis
Main coordinate millimeter
MAIN 0 0 -20 0 0 0
system / degree
Cartesian coordinate system defined with respect to the Local coordinate system
Parent Origin coordinates Rotation angle
Name Comment coord. First Second Third About About About
system (X) (Y) (Z) X-axis Y-axis Z-axis
CENTER Central column MAIN 0 0 - 30 0 0 0
POLE_L Left column CENTER - DIST 0 10 0 0 0
POLE_R Right column CENTER DIST 0 10 0 0 0
BLADE Movable blade CENTER 0 0 80 0 ALPHA 0
Geometry Coordinate system New
Data (3) The characteristics of transformations are presented in the tables below.
Translation vector
Coord. Vector components
Name Comment
system DX DY DZ
BP_TRZ Translation for a base plate CENTER 0 0 10
POLE_TRZ Translation for lateral columns 0 0 PHEIGHT
CENT_TRZ Translation for a central column 0 0 40
MAG_TRZ Translation for a magnet 0 0 20
BLADE_TRZ Translation for a blade BLADE 0 0 10
Geometry Transformation New

2.1.3. Create points and lines for the base plate of the E-shaped part
Goal The aim is to start the building of the base plate using geometric tools such as
geometric parameters and coordinate systems.
Data (1) The characteristics of the base plate points are presented in the table below.
Point defined by its parametric coordinates

Coordinate Local coordinates
Number
system First (X) Second (Y) Third (Z)
1 60 0 0
2 40 20 0
CENTER
3 60 0 0
4 40 20 0
Geometry Point New
Data (2) The characteristics of lines are presented below.
Line 1
Line 3
Line 2
Segment defined by starting and ending points

Number Starting point Ending point
1 2 4
Arc defined by its radius, starting and ending points

Starting Ending
Number Coordinate system Arc radius
point point
2 MAIN BPRAD 2 1
3 MAIN BPRAD 3 4
Geometry Line New

Data (3) The characteristics of the columns points are presented in the table below.

Number
5 PDIA/2 0 0
6 POLE_L - PDIA/2 0 0
7 0 PDIA/2 0
8 PDIA/2 0 0
9 POLE_R - PDIA/2 0 0
10 0 PDIA/2 0
11 -10 0 10
12 -10 20 10
CENTER
13 10 20 10
14 10 0 10
Geometry Point New

Line 5 Line 4 Line 7 Line 6
Line 8
Line 14
Line 9 Line 15
Line 10 Line 16
Line 13 Line 11
Line 12

Starting Ending
Number Coordinate system Arc radius
point point
4 PDIA/2 5 7
POLE_L
5 PDIA/2 7 6
6 PDIA/2 8 10
POLE_R
7 PDIA/2 10 9

8 6 5
9 5 11
10 11 14
11 14 9
12 9 8
13 1 3
14 11 12
15 12 13
16 13 14
Geometry Line New

2.1.4. Create other lines of the E-shaped part by extrusion
Goal The aim is to finish the base plate and build the central column using
transformations such as translations.
Data (1) The characteristics of the base plate extrusions are presented below.
Line created with command Extrude Lines

Number Extrusion Building
Number Reference line Transformation
of times type options
Add only lines
17 22 2, 3 BP_TRZ 1 Standard
and points
Geometry Line Extrude lines
Line 25
Line 23
Line 24
Line 26

23 15 12
24 13 18
25 16 6
26 8 17
Geometry Line New

Data (3) The characteristics of the central column extrusion are presented below.

Add only lines
27 34 10, 14, 15, 16 CENT_TRZ 1 Standard
and points
Data (4) The characteristics of the magnet extrusion are presented below.

Add only lines
35 42 29, 31, 33, 34 MAG_TRZ 1 Standard
and points

2.1.5. Create faces and volumes of the E-shaped part
Goal The goal is to finish the E-shaped part building faces and volumes with
transformations.
Action Build faces and volumes automatically.
Geometry Face Build Faces
Geometry Volume Build Volumes

Data The characteristics of the cylindrical columns extrusions are presented below.
Volume created with command Extrude Faces

Reference Number of Extrusion
Number Transformation Building options
face times type
Add Volumes, Faces,
45 5, 8 POLE_TRZ 1 Standard
Lines and Points
Geometry Face Extrude faces

2.1.6. Create points and lines of the movable blade
Data (1) The characteristics of points are presented in the table below.

Number
33 0 0 0
34 10 0 0
35 65 0 0
BLADE
36 52.1 14 0
37 10 20 0
38 0 20 0
Geometry Point New
Line 57 Line 59
Line 55 Line 58
Line 60
Line 56
Line 61

55 33 34
56 34 35
57 33 38
58 34 37
59 38 37
60 37 36

Number Coordinate system Arc radius Starting point Ending point
61 BLADE 15 35 36
Geometry Line New

2.1.7. Create faces and volumes of half of the blade by extrusion
Goal The main element of the blade is extruded along Z-axis in order to build faces
and volumes of half of the blade using an extrusion.
Action Build faces automatically.
Data The characteristics of extrusion are presented below
Volume created with command Extrude Faces

Reference Number Extrusion
face of times type
Add Volumes, Faces,
67 29, 30 BLADE_TRZ 1 Standard
Lines and Points
Geometry Face Extrude faces

2.1.8. Create faces and volumes of the blade by propagation
Goal The second half of the blade is propagated along X-axis in order to build
faces and volumes of the blade using an affine transformation.
Data (1) The characteristics of the affine transformation are presented below.
Affine transformation with respect to a plane defined by 3 points

Points for definition of affinity plane Scaling
Name Comment
First Second Third factor
Mirror transformation
BLADE_SYM 33 39 42 -1
for a blade
Data (2) The characteristics of transformation are shown below.
Volume created with command Propagate volumes

Reference Number of
volume times
Add Volumes, Faces,
89 6, 7 BLADE_SYM 1
Lines and Points
Geometry Propagate Propagate volumes

2.1.9. Add an infinite box to the domain
Goal In order to automatically impose the natural condition of a zero magnetic field
at infinity, the studied device is placed inside an infinite box. One half of the
infinite box is modeled because of the presence of the symmetry. Then the
faces and volumes of the whole geometry are built using the algorithm of
automatic construction.
Data (1) The characteristics of the infinite box are presented in the table below.
Infinite box of Parallelepiped type

Name X inner X outer Y inner Y outer Z inner Z outer
(automatic) size size size size size size
InfiniteBoxCube 80 120 30 45 80 120
Geometry Infinite box New
Outline (1) The infinite box is presented in the figure below.
Data (2) The characteristics of the command are presented in the table below.
Complete Infinite box

Building options Coordinates system Periodicity options
Add Volumes, Faces, Lines and
XYZ1 No link mesh associated
Points
Geometry Infinite box Complete Infinite box

Action Build faces and volumes to ensure the completion of the infinite box.
Geometry Volume Build Volumes
Outline (2) The infinite box with faces and volumes is presented in the figure below.

2.2. Mesh generation process
Introduction This section presents the general steps of mesh generation for the
computational domain and the data required to describe the magnetic
contactor mesh.
The meshed device is presented in the figure below.
Topic See Page

Mesh the device 32
Modify the aided deviation 33
Create and assign the mesh points 34
Create and assign the mesh lines 35
Generate the mesh 36

2.2.1. Mesh the device
Goal Mesh generation process is an essential step of the Finite Element method. At
this stage, the computational domain is divided in small elements.
Each node of the mesh constitute a support where the state variable
approximation (such as scalar or vector potentials, temperature, etc.) and the
derived fields (such as magnetic field and induction, magnetic flux density,
electric field, thermal flux density, etc.) are computed.
Aided mesh is activated by default in Flux. Such tool permits to obtain a first
basic mesh with global settings.
Action Mesh the device.
Mesh Mesh domain
Result The result appears as below.
Comments To optimize the accuracy of the results, it is advised to have a mesh:

with well proportioned mesh elements (close to equilateral triangle)
with an Infinite box of at least 2 elements large
taking into account the physics (the mesh must be denser in the areas with
important field variation)
For instance, the solution to improve the mesh here is:
to modify the aided deviation
to create and assign local mesh points
to create and assign local mesh lines

2.2.2. Modify the aided deviation
Goal The aided deviation is modified in order to refine the mesh closed by the
curved lines of the base plate and of the blade.
Data The modified characteristic of the aided mesh is presented in the table below.
Deviation
Aided Meshline / Meshgenerator Type of deviation Value
Assign Excluded Infinite Box Relative 0.6
Mesh Aided mesh Edit

2.2.3. Create and assign the mesh points
Goal Mesh points enable the user to add some local mesh information in order to
control the mesh in specific areas. In this case:
MP_BOX meshpoint allows obtaining an infinite box with 3 elements large.
MP_CENTER meshpoint allows obtaining a denser mesh in the central part
of the device.
Data The characteristics of the mesh points are presented in the table below.
Mesh Point
Name Comment Unit Value Color
MP_BOX Infinite box mm 15 Red
MP_CENTER Blade and E-shaped centers mm 1.5 Yellow
Mesh Mesh point New
Action Assign mesh points to points.
Mesh Assign mesh information Assign mesh point / line

/ generator Assign mesh point to points
Outline The assignment of the mesh points to points is presented in the figure below.
MP_BOX
MP_CENTER

2.2.4. Create and assign the mesh lines
Goal As mesh line sets the density of nodes on a line, it can be useful to control the
distribution of nodes on the lines assigned.
In our case, it is interesting to make denser:
The lines surrounding the infinite box.
The lines on the top of the magnet.
Data The characteristics of the mesh lines are presented in the table below.
Mesh Line
Name Comment Definition Color
Type Number
ML_BOX Infinite box Arithmetic 10 Red
ML_MAGNET Top of the magnet Arithmetic 12 Cyan
Mesh Mesh line New
Action Assign mesh lines to lines.
Mesh Assign mesh information Assign mesh point / line

/ generator Assign mesh line to points
Outline The assignment of the mesh lines to lines is presented in the figure below.
ML_BOX
ML_MAGNET

2.2.5. Generate the mesh
Goal As the first mesh obtained is too coarse, a second mesh is generated using
local settings, such as meshpoints and meshlines.
Lines, faces and volumes of the computational domain are meshed using the
algorithm of automatic mesh generator. Then the second order elements are
generated.
Action (1) Mesh domain.
Mesh Mesh domain
Note: another solution is to select both commands Mesh Faces / Mesh Volumes.
Result The mesh of the study domain and the detail of the mesh in the device zone
are presented in the figure below.
Action (2) Generate second order mesh elements
Mesh Generate second order elements

Results Details of the resulting mesh of the contactor are presented below.
Volume elements :
Number of elements not evaluated : 0 %
Number of excellent quality elements : 24.76 %
Number of good quality elements : 48.49 %
Number of average quality elements : 24.69 %
Number of poor quality elements : 2.05 %
Number of nodes : 43602

Number of line elements : 1045
Number of surface elements : 12035
Number of volume elements : 28711
Mesh order : 2nd order


2.3. Physical description process
Introduction This section presents the definition of the physical application and physical
properties materials, regions, coils.
Topic See Page

Define the physical application 40
Define physical aspects of symmetry 41
Create materials 42
Create volume regions 43
Assign volume regions to volumes 44
Create sources (electric components and coils) 45

2.3.1. Define the physical application
Goal The choice of the physical application determines the set of options available
to the user in terms of physical properties. The required physical application
is the Magneto Static 3D application.
Data The characteristics of the application are presented in the table below.
Magneto Static 3D application

Formulation model
Order of finite Order of finite
Coils coefficient
Formulation model element functions for element functions for
scalar potential vector potential
Automatic formulations Automatic Automatic Automatic coefficient
Application Define Magnetic Magneto Static 3D

2.3.2. Define physical aspects of symmetry
Goal At this stage, the physical aspects of the symmetry created in the geometry
description are defined, in order to reduce the computational domain.
Data The modified characteristic of the symmetry is presented in the table below.
Symmetry versus ZX plane

Name (automatic) Geometrical aspects Physical aspects
Tangent magnetic field,
SymmetryZXplane_1 See 2.1.1 normal electric field,
adiabatic condition

2.3.3. Create materials
Goal The first step to model the physical properties of the device is to create the
material entities.
In this case, two materials are created for the physical description of the
magnetic contactor:
The first material is defined for the permanent magnet; this material is
magnetized along its Z-axis of the MAIN coordinate system.
The second material is defined for the other volumes of the contactor except
the volume of permanent magnet; this material is characterized by a
nonlinear B(H) curve.
Data The characteristics of the materials are presented in the tables below.
B(H) magnetic property: linear magnet described by Cartesian vector Br

Remanent flux density Br (T) Relative permeability r
Name Comment
X-axis Y-axis Z-axis X-axis Y-axis Z-axis
Material for the
SMCO 0 0 0.85 1 1 1.15
permanent magnet
B(H) magnetic property: isotropic analytic saturation + knee adjustment

Initial relative Saturation Knee adjustment
Name Comment
permeability magnetization (T) coefficient
Material for the
STEEL 3500 1.75 0.075
blade and E-shape
Physics Material New

2.3.4. Create volume regions
Goal The second step to model the physical properties of the device is to create
volume regions. They enable the user to group some entities that have the
same physical properties.
Four volume regions are necessary for the physical description of the
magnetic contactor:
The AIR region corresponding to the air surrounding the device.
The E-SHAPED region corresponding to the base plate and the three
columns.
The BLADE region corresponding to the blade.
The MAGNET region corresponding to the magnet.
Data The characteristics of the volume regions are presented in the table below.
Volume region
Name Comment Type Material Color
Infinite box and Air or vacuum
AIR - Turquoise
surrounding air region
Base plate and 3 Magnetic non-
E_SHAPED STEEL Cyan
columns volumes conducting region
Magnetic non-
BLADE Blade volumes STEEL Cyan
conducting region
Magnet on top of Magnetic non-
MAGNET SMCO Magenta
the central column conducting region
Physics Volume region New
Action Orient the SMCO material for the MAGNET region in the MAIN coordinate
system.
Physics Material Orient material for volume region

2.3.5. Assign volume regions to volumes
Goal The third and final step to model the physical properties of the device is to
assign volume regions to volumes. The assignment operation enables the user
to link the physical properties with the geometrical entities.
Action Assign volume regions to volumes.
Physics Assign regions to geometric entities Assign

regions to volumes (completion mode)
Outline The region assignment is presented in the figure below.
AIR
BLADE
MAGNET
E-SHAPED

2.3.6. Create sources (electric components and coils)
Goal Two non-meshed coils with two associated electric components (of coil
conductor type) are created to model two current sources of the contactor.
Data (1) The characteristics of the electric components (of coil conductor type) are
Stranded coil with imposed current (A)

Name Comment Value
SOURCE1 Current in coil 1 0
SOURCE2 Current in coil 2 0
Physics Electrical components Stranded coil conductor

New
Data (2) The characteristics of the non-meshed coils are presented below.
Circular coil: geometric definition

Coil Coil section
Number Coord. system Center Radius Type Height Thickness
1 POLE_L 0, 0, PHEIGHT/2 9 Line PHEIGHT 0.1
2 POLE_R 0, 0, PHEIGHT/2 9 Line PHEIGHT 0.1
Circular coil: electrical definition

Electric component Symmetries and
Number Conductors in series
associated with the periodicities:
of turns or in parallel
coil duplication or none
SOURCE1 10 in parallel duplication
SOURCE2 10 in parallel duplication
Physics Non meshed coil New


Flux Case 1: static study
3. Case 1: static study
Case 1 The first case is a static study (Magneto Static application).

In this study, a magneto static analysis of the contactor with the movable
blade tilted to the left is performed. The angle of the blade is set to - 3
compared with the fixed part. The coils are not current supplied.
Starting Flux The starting Flux project is GEO_MESH_PHYS.FLU.

project This project contains:
the geometry description of the contactor
the mesh of the computational domain
the initial physical description of the contactor
New Flux The new Flux project is saved under the name CASE1.FLU.
project
Topic See Page

Case 1: solving process 49
Case 1: results post-processing 51

Case 1: static study Flux

3.1. Case 1: solving process
Goal The case 1 is solved using the default scenario with reference values.
Action Solve CASE1.
Solving Solve


3.2. Case 1: results post-processing
Introduction This section explains how to analyze the principal results of case 1.
Topic See Page

Display isovalues and arrows of the magnetic flux density on 52
volume regions
Create surface supports 54
Display isovalues and arrows of the magnetic flux density on 55
surface supports
Plot a 2D curve of the magnetic flux density along a path 57
Display isovalues of the relative permeability on volume 59
regions
Compute the magnetic flux density on a point 60
Compute the magnetic torque on volume regions 61

3.2.1. Display isovalues and arrows of the magnetic flux density on

volume regions
Goal The display of graphic post processing enables the user to check if the
problem is correctly formulated and emphasizes both the magnetic flux
density concentration areas and the direction of the flux. It also enables the
user to check the mesh quality. This is the first, indispensable control of the
accuracy of the results.
Data (1) The characteristics of the isovalues are presented in the table below.
Isovalues on volume regions

Name Type of Support Supports Formula
V_BLADE
ISOVAL_1 Spatial group V_MAGNET B
V_E_SHAPED
Graphic Isovalues New
Result (1) The isovalues of the magnetic flux density are displayed below.

Data (2) The characteristics of the arrows are presented in the table below
Arrows on volume regions

V_BLADE
ARROWS _1 Spatial group V_MAGNET B
V_E_SHAPED
Graphic Arrows New
Result (2) The arrows of the magnetic flux density are displayed below.

3.2.2. Create surface supports
Goal The following surface supports are created:

Two 2D grids one located in the air gap and the other at the midpoint of
the second stranded coil.
One cut plane parallel to XY plane and cutting the conductor across.
Data (1) The characteristics of the 2D grids are presented in the tables below.
Rectangular 2D grid in XY plane: definition

Coordinate 2D grid origin coordinates
Name Comment
system First Second Third
AIRBOX For air gap MAIN 0 0 43
POLE For electric component POLE_R 0 0 20
Rectangular 2D grid in XY plane: definition

Characteristics along X Characteristics along Y
Number of Number of
Positive X Negative X Positive Y Negative Y
disc. elements disc. elements
100 100 41 30 0 11
9 9 11 9 0 11
Rectangular 2D grid in XY plane: appearance

Visibility Color
visible green
visible red
Support 2D grid New
Data (2) The characteristics of the cut plane are presented in the table below.
Cut plane defined by equation (Ax+By+Cz=D)

Coefficient Coord.
Name Comment
A B C D system
CROSS Plane cutting across the conductor 0 0 1 -5 XYZ1
Support CutPlane New

3.2.3. Display isovalues and arrows of the magnetic flux density on

surface supports
Goal First, isovalues are used to visualize the scalar quantities of the magnetic flux
density on 2D grids. Then, arrows are used to visualize the vector quantities
of the magnetic flux density on a cut plane.
Data (1) The characteristics of isovalues are presented in the table below.
Isovalues on 2D grids
AIRBOX
ISOVAL_2 2D Grid B
POLE
Result (1) The isovalues of the magnetic flux density on both AIRBOX and POLE 2D
grids are displayed below.

Data (2) The characteristics of arrows are presented in the table below.
Arrows on cut plane

ARROWS_2 CutPlane CROSS B
Graphic Arrows New
Result (2) The arrows of the magnetic flux density on CROSS cut plane are displayed
below.

3.2.4. Plot a 2D curve of the magnetic flux density along a path
Goal A 2D curve of the magnetic flux density along a path, located in the air gap, is
computed and displayed.
Data (1) The characteristics of the path are presented in the table below.
Path defined by 2 points

Name Comment Definition Discretization Volume region
SEGMENT Along the contactor air gap by coordinates 100 AIR
Path defined by 2 points

Path points
Starting point Ending point
Coord. Coordinates Coord. Coordinates
system First Second Third system First Second Third
XYZ1 -40 3 20 XYZ1 40 3 20
Support Path New
Outline The path along the contactor air gap is displayed in the figure below.

Data (2) The characteristics of the curve are presented in the table below.
2D curve (XYZ path)

Name Comment Spatial Path Quantity Formula
Flux density along the Magnetic flux
CURVE segment in the SEGMENT density / ModV(B)
contactor air gap Magnitude [T]
Curve 2D curve (Path) New 2D curve (Path)
Result (2) The curve is displayed the figure below.

3.2.5. Display isovalues of the relative permeability on volume

regions
Goal Isovalues are used to visualize the scalar quantities of the relative
permeability on selected volume regions.
Data The characteristics of isovalues are presented in the table below.

V_BLADE
ISOVAL_3 Spatial group r
V_E_SHAPED
Result The isovalues of the relative permeability are displayed below.

3.2.6. Compute the magnetic flux density on a point
Data The characteristics of the computation are presented below.
Quantities computation on points

Name Comment Quantity Formula
Magnetic flux density /
POINT1 Top of the magnet ModV(B)
Magnitude [T]
Point defined by its coordinates

Coordinates Coord.
localization Region
First Second Third system
0 3 20 no constraint XY1 MAGNET
Computation On point New session Quantities

computation on points
Result The results are presented in the figures below.

3.2.7. Compute the magnetic torque on volume regions
Data (1) Define the torque axis before compute the magnetic torque.
Torque Axis
Pivot point
Direction Coordinates
Coordinate system
First Second Third
Parallel to OY BLADE 20 0 13.875
Support Torque_axis Edit
Data (2) The characteristics of the magnetic torque computation are presented in the
table below.
Magnetic torque computed on volume regions

Region
Name
Spatial group Quantity Formula
COMPUTEPH Torque / Magnetic /
V_BLADE TMag(V_BLADE)
YSIC_1 Moment [N.m]
Computation On physical entity Compute
Result The result is presented in the figure below.


Flux Case 2: physical parameterized computation
4. Case 2: physical parameterized computation
Case 2 The second case is a physical parameterized computation (Magneto Static

application).
In this parameterized study, the physical parameter is the total current
supplying one of the coils that varies in the range [ 300 A, + 300 A] with a
step of 100 A.

the mesh of the computational domain
project
Topic See Page

Case 2: physical description 65

Case 2: physical parameterized computation Flux

4.1. Case 2: physical description
Introduction This section explains how to modify the initial physical description.
Topic See Page

Create an I/O parameter 66
Modify the physical properties 67
Create a sensor 68

4.1.1. Create an I/O parameter
Goal One physical In/Out parameter is created in order to vary the current through
the second coil.
Data The characteristics of the I/O parameter are presented in the table below.
I/O parameter controlled via a scenario

Name Comment Reference value
CURRENT2 Current through the SOURCE2 coil -300
Parameter/Quality I/O Parameter New

4.1.2. Modify the physical properties
Data The modified characteristics of the coil conductor are presented in the table
below.

Name Comment Value
SOURCE2 Current in coil 2 CURRENT2

4.1.3. Create a sensor
Goal One sensor is created to compute the magnetic flux through the second
stranded coil.
Data The characteristics of the sensor are presented in the table below.
Predefined sensor: Flux through a coil conductor

Name Comment Coil
MGFLUX Magnetic flux through the SOURCE2 coil SOURCE2

Introduction This section explains how to prepare and solve case 2.
Data The characteristics of the solving scenario are presented in the tables below.
Solving scenario
Name Comment Type
CASE2 Study using a physical parameter Multi-values
Solving scenario
Parameter control
Controlled Interval
parameter Lower limit Higher limit Method Step value
CURRENT2 -300 300 Step value 100
Solving Solving scenario New
Solving Solve


Topic See Page

Display isovalues of the magnetic flux density on volume 72
regions
Create a volume support 73
Display isovalues of the magnetic flux density on a 3D grid 74
Plot a 2D curve of the magnetic flux versus an I/O parameter 75
Plot a 2D curve of the magnetic field along a path 76
Create animation of isovalues of the magnetic flux density on 78
the contactor versus I/O parameter

4.3.1. Display isovalues of the magnetic flux density on volume

regions
Goal First, the computational step of the physical parameterized study is selected.
Then, isovalues of the magnetic flux density are displayed in order to give
information on its intensity and control the quality of the mesh.
Data (1) The characteristics* of the computation step are presented in the table below.
Scenario and computation step selection

Computation step
Scenario
Parameter name Value
CASE2 CURRENT2 300
* These characteristics are located in the dialog box below the data tree.
Data (2) The characteristics of isovalues are presented in the table below.

V_BLADE
ISOVAL_1 Spatial group V_MAGNET B
V_E_SHAPED
Result The isovalues of the magnetic flux density are displayed below.

4.3.2. Create a volume support
Goal A 3D grid is created in order to display the magnetic flux density through the
contactor and the air.
Data The characteristics of the 3D grid are presented in the tables below.
3D parallelepiped grid: definition

Origin of the 3D grid
Name Comment Coordinate system
First Second Third
GRID3D_1 Through the device MAIN 0 0 0
3D parallelepiped grid: definition

Characteristics along X Characteristics along Y Characteristics along Z
Pos. X Neg. X Nb. Pos. Y Neg. Y Nb. Pos. Z Neg. Z Nb.
40 40 17 6 0 6 55 25 17
3D parallelepiped grid: appearance

Visibility Color
visible red
Note: the computation step is still set to 300 A.

4.3.3. Display isovalues of the magnetic flux density on a 3D grid
Goal Isovalues are used to visualize the scalar quantities of the magnetic flux
density on a 3D grid.
Data The characteristics of isovalues are presented in the table below.
Isovalues on 3D grids
ISOVAL_2 3D Grid GRID3D_1 B
Result The isovalues of the magnetic flux density on the 3D grid are displayed
below.

4.3.4. Plot a 2D curve of the magnetic flux versus an I/O parameter
Goal The values of the magnetic flux through the SOURCE2 coil are computed as
the supply current.
Data The characteristics of the 2D curve are presented in the table below.
2D curve (I/O parameter)

Parameter
Name Comment Formula
Name Limit min Limit max
Magnetic flux through
CURVE CURRENT2 -300 300 MGFLUX
the SOURCE2 coil
Curve 2D Curve (I/O parameter) New 2D Curve (I/O

parameter)
Result The curve is displayed as presented in the figure below.

4.3.5. Plot a 2D curve of the magnetic field along a path
Goal A 2D curve of the magnetic field along a path surrounding the E-shaped of
the contactor is computed and displayed. Then the 2D curve is exported in a
.TXT file to compare it with a next result.
Compound path
Name Type: Line Region Discretization by intervals Color

Line 26 15
Line 49 50
Line 54 15
Line 52 50
Line 11 20
Line 32 30
Line 38 15
CONTACTOR_PATH Line 39 AIR 20 Black
Line 35 15
Line 27 30
Line 9 20
Line 43 50
Line 48 15
Line 46 50
Line 25 15
Support Path New
Outline The CONTACTOR_PATH is presented in the figure below.

2D curve (XYZ path)

Name Path Quantity Formula
CONTACTOR_ Magnetic field /
MAG_FIELD_E_SHAPED ModV(H)
PATH Magnitude
Action Change the appearance of the graphic:

set line for the curve style in quantities tab
set 550.0E3for the Y max value in axis tab
Data (3) The characteristics of the exportation of the 2D curve are presented below.
TXT export
Name Writing mode
H_CASE2 Add values
Curve 2D curve (path) TXT export

4.3.6. Create animation of isovalues of the magnetic flux density on

the contactor versus I/O parameter
Goal The animation of isovalues of the magnetic flux density for different values of
the supply current is created in order to observe the trend.
Data The characteristics of the animation are presented in the table below.
Animation
General (All Steps) Display
Pilot
Name Build
Current Limit Limit Isovalues
Parameters options
value min max
ANIMA Build 4_ISOVAL_N
CURRENT2 - -300 300
TION_1 video O_INFINITE
Graphic Animation New
Result The animation video is created in the project repertory in an .AVI file.

Flux Case 3: geometric parameterized computation
5. Case 3: geometric parameterized computation
Case 3 The third case is a geometric parameterized computation (Magneto Static

application).
In this parameterized study, a geometric parameter which allows us to
control the angle of the blade around Y-axis, varies in the range [ 3, + 3]
with a step of 1.

the mesh of the computation domain
project
Topic See Page

Case 3: physical description 81

Case 3: geometric parameterized computation Flux

5.1. Case 3: physical description
Introduction This section explains how to modify the initial physical description.
Topic See Page

Modify a physical property 82
Create a sensor 83

5.1.1. Modify a physical property
Goal The value of the current coil conductor SOURCE2 is fixed in order to vary
only the geometrical parameter.
Data The modified characteristic of the coil conductor is presented in the table
below.

Name Comment Value
SOURCE2 Current in coil 2 -300

5.1.2. Create a sensor
Goal One sensor is created to compute the magnetic torque on volume regions.
Data The characteristics of the sensor are presented in the table below.
Predefined sensor: Magnetic torque

Rotation axis
Volume
Name Comment Coordinate Pivot point coordinates
Direction region
system First Second Third
Torque Parallel to
TORQUE BLADE 20 0 13.875 BLADE
computation OY
Parameter/Quality Sensor New


Introduction This section explains how to prepare and solve case 3.
Data The characteristics of the solving scenario are presented in the tables below.
Solving scenario
Name Comment Type
CASE3 Study using a geometric parameter Multi-values
Solving scenario
Parameter control
Controlled Interval
parameter Lower limit Higher limit Method Step value
ALPHA -3 3 Step value 1
Solving Solving scenario New
Solving Solve


Topic See Page

Display isolines of the magnetic flux density on volume 88
regions
Plot a 2D curve of the magnetic torque versus an I/O 89
parameter
Compare two 2D curves of the magnetic field along the same 90
path
Plot a 3D curve of magnetic field along a path versus I/O 92
parameter
Create an automatic report 94

5.3.1. Display isolines of the magnetic flux density on volume

regions
Goal First, the computation step of the geometric parameterized study is selected.
Then, isolines of the magnetic flux density are displayed in order to give
information on its intensity and control the quality of the mesh.
Data (1) The characteristics* of the computation step are presented in the table below.
Scenario and computation step selection

Computation step
Scenario
Parameter name Value
CASE3 ALPHA 3
* These characteristics are located in the dialog box below the data tree.
Data (2) The characteristics of isolines are presented in the table below.
Isolines on volume regions

V_BLADE
ISOLIN_1 Spatial group V_MAGNET B
V_E_SHAPED
Graphic Isolines New
Result The isovalues of the magnetic flux density are displayed below.

5.3.2. Plot a 2D curve of the magnetic torque versus an I/O parameter
Goal The values of the magnetic torque versus the angular position of the blade are
computed and displayed using a sensor.
Data The characteristics of the 2D curve are presented in the table below.
2D curve (I/O parameter)

Parameter
Formula
Name Comment Limit Limit
Name (sensor)
min. max.
CURVE Magnetic torque ALPHA -3 3 TORQUE
Curve 2D Curve (I/O parameter) New 2D Curve (I/O

parameter)
Action Change the appearance of the graphic:

Set -125.0E-3for the Y max value in axis tab.

5.3.3. Compare two 2D curves of the magnetic field along the same
path
Goal A 2D curve of the magnetic field along a path surrounding the E-shaped of
the contactor is computed and displayed. Then the 2D curve created in case 2
is imported and compared with that of case 3.
Compound path
Name Type: Line Region Discretization by intervals Color

Line 26 15
Line 49 50
Line 54 15
Line 52 50
Line 11 20
Line 32 30
Line 38 15
CONTACTOR_PATH Line 39 AIR 20 Black
Line 35 15
Line 27 30
Line 9 20
Line 43 50
Line 48 15
Line 46 50
Line 25 15
Support Path New
2D curve (XYZ path)

Name Path Quantity Formula
MAG_FIELD_E_SHAPED CONTACTOR_ Magnetic field /
ModV(H)
_2 PATH Magnitude

Action (1) Copy the H_CASE2.txt file in the current directory and import it into Flux
environment.
Curve 2D curve (path) Import a 2D curve Flux file (txt)
Action (2) Superimpose the two 2D curves.
Curve 2D curve (path) Superimpose 2D curves (path)
Action (3) Change the appearance of the graphic:

Open the dropdown menu and select Absolute
Set line for the two curves style in quantities tab.
Set 625.0E3for the Y max value in axis tab.
Result The curves are displayed as presented in the figure below.

5.3.4. Plot a 3D curve of magnetic field along a path versus I/O

parameter
Goal The CONTACTOR_PATH is used to plot a 3D curve of the magnetic field

variation along a path as function of the angle ALPHA. Then the 3D curve is
exported in an .XLS file.
Data (1) The characteristics of the 3D curve are presented in the table below.
3D curve (Path + I/O parameter)

Parameter
Name Path Name Current Limit Limit Quantity
value min. max.
CONTACTOR_ Magnetic field /
3D_CURVE_H ALPHA - -3.0 3.0
PATH Magnitude
Curve 3D Curve (Path + I/O parameter) New 3D Curve

(Path + I/O parameter)
Result The following figure shows the magnetic field variation as function of the
angle ALPHA along the CONTACTOR_PATH.

Note: the results can also be displayed in a 2D representation
Data (2) The characteristics of the exportation of the 2D curve are presented below.
Excel export
Name Writing mode
3D_CURVE_H Add values
Curve 3D Curve (Path + I/O Parameter) Excel export

5.3.5. Create an automatic report
Goal An automatic report is created in order to:

visualize the geometry and the results
check all the data of the project
Action (1) Load the AutomaticReport macro in the Macros directory.
Project Macro Load
Action (2) Execute the AutomaticReport macro.
Project Macro Run
Result A directory is created in the current project directory which contains:

the screenshots
the curves
the report in html format
the report in txt format

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CAD package for electromagnetic and thermal analysis using finite elements

Magnetostatic application tutorial

FLUX software : COPYRIGHT CEDRAT/INPG/CNRS/EDF

This tutorial was edited on 6 dcembre 2012

Ref.: KF 3 05 - A - 111 - EN - 12/12

Supplied files Contents Flux file obtained after

Magnetostatic application tutorial PAGE A

5. Case 3: geometric parameterized computation..................................................................... 79

PAGE B Magnetostatic application tutorial

Contents This chapter contains the following topics:

Topic See Page

Magnetostatic application tutorial PAGE 1

PAGE 2 Magnetostatic application tutorial

Contents This section contains the following topics:

Topic See Page

Magnetostatic application tutorial PAGE 3

1.1.1. Description of the studied device

Continued on next page

PAGE 4 Magnetostatic application tutorial

Materials The contactor is composed of the following materials:

Sources The sources of the magnetic field are:

Magnetostatic application tutorial PAGE 5

1.1.2. Studied cases

Case 1 The first case is a static study.

Case 2 The second case is a physical parameterized computation.

Case 3 The third case is a geometric parameterized computation.

PAGE 6 Magnetostatic application tutorial

1.2. Strategy to build the Flux project

Contents This section contains the following topics:

Topic See Page

Magnetostatic application tutorial PAGE 7

1.2.1. Main stages for geometry description

Outline The device is modeled using a XZ-plane symmetry.

Continued on next page

PAGE 8 Magnetostatic application tutorial

Creation of faces and

Creation of faces and

Continued on next page

Magnetostatic application tutorial PAGE 9

Creation of faces and

PAGE 10 Magnetostatic application tutorial

1.2.2. Main stages for mesh generation

Outline An outline of the mesh generating process of the magnetic contactor is

Creation and assignment

Creation and assignment

Magnetostatic application tutorial PAGE 11

1.2.3. Main stages for physical description

Outline An outline of the physical description process of the magnetic contactor is

PAGE 12 Magnetostatic application tutorial

2. Construction of the Flux project

Project name The Flux project is GEO_MESH_PHYS.FLU.

Contents This chapter contains the following topics:

Topic See Page

Magnetostatic application tutorial PAGE 13

PAGE 14 Magnetostatic application tutorial

2.1. Geometry description process

Contents This section contains the following topics:

Topic See Page

Magnetostatic application tutorial PAGE 15

2.1.1. Add a symmetry to the domain

Symmetry versus ZX plane

Geometry Symmetry New

PAGE 16 Magnetostatic application tutorial

2.1.2. Create geometric tools